Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present utility model to provide an exhaust gas treatment system for solving the above-mentioned problems.
The utility model is realized in the following way: an exhaust gas treatment system, includes exhaust gas treatment system, dustproof system and cooling dewatering system that establishes ties in proper order through the pipeline, still includes a plurality of treatment systems and control system that wait to select, wherein:
the plurality of treatment systems to be selected are used for constructing any one or more paths in a plurality of paths through pipelines and valves, and the inlet of each path is connected with the outlet of the cooling and dewatering system through the pipeline and the valve;
And the control system is used for deciding and controlling through a valve, and sending the waste gas treated by the cooling and dehydrating system into one path so as to treat the waste gas treated by the cooling and dehydrating system through the path.
Optionally, the plurality of paths includes:
the first path comprises an oxidation deodorization system and an ultrasonic strengthening treatment system which are connected in series;
the second path comprises a multistage spraying system and a defogging system which are connected in series;
the third path comprises the oxidation deodorization system, the multi-stage spraying system, the ultrasonic strengthening treatment system and the defogging system which are connected in series;
a fourth path comprising the oxidation deodorization system, the ultrasonic strengthening treatment system and the adsorption deodorization system which are connected in series;
a fifth path comprising an adsorptive deodorization system;
a sixth path comprising a biological deodorization system;
and a seventh path comprising an adsorption concentration system and a combustion deodorization system which are connected in series.
Optionally, the control system is configured to determine, according to the current time interval and the historical time interval, a target path in which the exhaust gas processed by the cooling and dewatering system needs to flow in a next time interval, where the exhaust gas processed by the cooling and dewatering system is processed in the next time interval, and switch the current path to the target path through valve control, so as to process the exhaust gas processed by the cooling and dewatering system in the next time interval through the target path.
Optionally, the exhaust gas treatment system further comprises:
the first dust sensor is connected with the dust removal system and the cooling and dewatering system and is used for monitoring the dust removal degree of the dust removal system in real time;
the first pressure sensor is connected to the dust removing system, the dust sensor and the cooling and dehydrating system, and is used for monitoring the pressure of the dust removing system in real time.
Optionally, the exhaust gas treatment system further comprises:
the first temperature and humidity sensor is connected with the cooling and dehydrating system and is used for detecting the temperature and humidity of the cooling and dehydrating system;
the sewage treatment system is connected with the cooling and dewatering system and is used for receiving the condensed sewage discharged by the cooling and dewatering system and treating the condensed sewage to reach the discharge standard.
Optionally, the oxidation deodorization system comprises an ozone generator, a photocatalytic oxidation deodorization device and a low-temperature plasma deodorization device, and is used for sterilizing waste gas and harmful organisms of products in the cooling and dewatering system.
Optionally, the multi-stage spraying system is used for reducing dust content, moisture content and odor factors of the waste gas treated by the oxidation deodorization system, the dust removal system or the cooling dehydration system.
Optionally, the ultrasonic strengthening treatment system is used for accelerating ozone decomposition and strengthening peculiar smell removal discharged by the oxidation deodorization system;
the demisting system comprises a baffle, a cyclone plate and a wire mesh demister and is used for separating liquid drops formed by the gas with mist through the inertia impact action of the gas when the gas with mist flows through the wire mesh demister at a preset speed;
the device also comprises an ozone sensor which is connected with the ultrasonic strengthening treatment system and is used for sensing the ozone degree of the ultrasonic strengthening treatment system;
the system also comprises a second pressure sensor connected to the stack exhaust system and used for monitoring the pressure of the stack exhaust system in real time.
Optionally, the adsorption deodorization system is used for transferring malodorous substances of the ultrasonic enhanced treatment system from a gas phase to a solid phase through an adsorption function of an adsorbent, wherein the adsorption function comprises physical adsorption or chemical adsorption; or (b)
The third pressure sensor is connected with the adsorption deodorization system and is used for sensing the pressure of the adsorption deodorization system; or (b)
The device also comprises a temperature sensor which is connected with the adsorption deodorization system and is used for sensing the temperature of the adsorption deodorization system.
Optionally, the biological deodorization system is used for decomposing the gas odor discharged by the cooling and dewatering system through the metabolism of microorganisms fixed on the filter material;
the biological deodorization system is characterized by further comprising a second temperature and humidity sensor which is connected with the biological deodorization system and used for detecting the temperature and humidity of the biological deodorization system.
Optionally, the adsorption concentration system is used for pretreating the waste gas containing organic matters and malodor discharged from the cooling and dewatering system, then introducing the waste gas into an adsorption bed for adsorption, then intercepting the organic matters in the adsorption bed through the acting force of the adsorbent, and discharging the adsorbed clean gas;
the second dust sensor is connected to the adsorption concentration system and is used for monitoring the dust removal degree of the adsorption concentration system in real time;
the system also comprises an oxygen sensor which is connected with the adsorption concentration system and is used for monitoring the dust removal degree of the adsorption concentration system in real time.
Optionally, the combustion deodorizing system is used for oxidatively decomposing the organic matters discharged by the adsorption concentration system into harmless gases through a heat exchange principle.
The technical scheme of the invention achieves the following technical effects:
The waste gas treatment system provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and stable operation, and can intelligently control the waste gas treatment path, so that the diversity and flexibility of waste gas treatment are realized, and the treatment efficiency of various waste gases is improved.
It should be noted that, the partial systems in the multiple paths realize the sharing of the system to be processed through the valve control. Thus, in the present invention, some paths are not fixed, but may be generated temporarily by the control system controlling the valves. Thus, intelligent selection of paths and temporary incremental improvement of reusability of the system by paths.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Exhaust gas refers to toxic and harmful gases discharged by human beings in the production process. In particular to chemical plants, steel plants, pharmaceutical plants, coking plants, oil refineries and the like, and the discharged waste gas has large smell, seriously pollutes the environment and affects the health of human bodies.
The invention provides a waste gas treatment system, which provides a stable and efficient comprehensive treatment technology for production waste gas. In addition, it has simple structure, operates stably, handles characteristics such as high efficiency, the choice is various. The waste gas treatment system provided by the invention can be suitable for various fields of application, and can relate to comprehensive treatment technology of production waste gas in the fields of food industry, feed industry, medicine industry and the like by selecting various process treatment equipment combinations, and the waste gas treatment system comprises, but is not limited to, coarsely crushed waste gas, micro crushed waste gas, ultrafine crushed waste gas, cooler waste gas, dryer dehumidifying waste gas, feeding air-conveying waste gas, production machine head machine tail dehumidifying waste gas, workshop warehouse non-organized waste gas and the like in the food industry, feed industry, medicament (containing Chinese herbal medicine decoction pieces) production industry, is suitable for various fields of application and increases applicability.
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present invention is so embodied.
An exhaust treatment system 100 comprises an exhaust air supply system 110, a dust prevention system 120, a cooling and dewatering system 130, a stack exhaust system 140, a plurality of treatment systems and a control system, wherein the exhaust air supply system 110, the dust prevention system 120, the cooling and dewatering system 130 are sequentially connected in series through pipelines, and the system further comprises a plurality of treatment systems and control systems, wherein:
the plurality of candidate processing systems includes: an oxidation deodorization system 250, an ultrasonic enhanced treatment system 270, a multi-stage spray system 260, a demisting system 290, an adsorption deodorization system 310, a biological deodorization system 340, and a combustion deodorization system 390.
The plurality of treatment systems to be selected are configured to construct any one or more paths of a plurality of paths through pipes and valves, and an inlet of each path is connected to an outlet of the temperature-reducing and dewatering system 130 through pipes and valves, wherein the plurality of paths include:
a first path comprising an oxidative deodorization system 250, an ultrasonic enhanced treatment system 270 connected in series;
a second path comprising a series connection of a multi-stage spray system 260, a defogging system 290;
a third path comprising the oxidative deodorization system 250, the multi-stage spray system 260, the ultrasonic enhanced treatment system 270, and the defogging system 290 connected in series;
A fourth path including the oxidative deodorization system 250, the ultrasonic-enhanced treatment system 270, and the adsorption deodorization system 310 connected in series;
a fifth path comprising an adsorptive deodorization system 310;
a sixth path comprising a biological deodorization system 340;
a seventh path comprising a serially connected adsorption concentration system 360, a combustion deodorization system 390;
and the control system is used for deciding and controlling through a valve, and sending the waste gas treated by the cooling and dehydrating system into one path so as to treat the waste gas treated by the cooling and dehydrating system through the path.
The exhaust air supply system 110 includes, but is not limited to, organized and unstructured exhaust air supply fans in the food industry, the feed industry and the pharmaceutical (containing Chinese herbal medicine decoction pieces or western medicine decoction pieces) production industry, and the fans include axial fans and centrifugal fans configured in the existing production system, and also include axial fans and centrifugal fans introduced for balancing air volume and air pressure in environmental protection treatment. That is, the exhaust air delivery system 100 may be adapted for use in a variety of different applications, producing a variety of materials in a variety of functions, followed by filtration, purification, and the like.
The dust removing system 120 is connected with the exhaust air supply system 110, and the dust removing system 120 receives the exhaust air discharged by the exhaust air supply system 110 and reduces the dust degree thereof. In the dust removal system 120, dust acts as an important carrier for odor molecules, playing a critical role in the transmission and diffusion of odors, and therefore dust removal is required to reduce the concentration of odors. The dust removal system 120 is provided for the purpose of reducing dust in the emitted organized, non-organized exhaust gas; because the waste gas has the characteristics of high temperature, moisture and oil, the dust fall treatment is mainly carried out by adopting a pulse dust collector or a plastic-sintered plate (also called a sintering plate) dust collector of a water-repellent and oil-proof filter bag. The filter bag dust remover and the plastic plate dust remover are both provided with pulse blowing devices, and dust adhered on the filter bag and the plastic plate is cleaned regularly, so that the dust removing effect is ensured, and the good stability of operation is ensured. The dust remover and the air inlet pipeline are subjected to heat preservation treatment, so that condensate water is prevented from being generated, and the service life of the dust removal filter material is prolonged.
The cooling and dewatering system 130 is connected with the dust removing system 120. The cooling and dehydrating system 130 receives the exhaust gas discharged from the dust removing system 120 and performs cooling and dehydrating thereon. In the cooling and dehydrating system 130, since water molecules are also one of the important carriers of the odor molecules, and the high temperature can aggravate the spread and diffusion of the odor, it is necessary to cool and dehydrate the exhaust gas to further reduce the concentration of the odor. At the same time of cooling and dewatering, dust which cannot be removed by the dust removal system 120 is reduced, and the control and subsequent treatment of peculiar smell are decisive. The system mainly relates to equipment such as a heat exchanger, a water chiller, an evaporative condenser, a cooling tower, a transfer water tank, a water pump, a pipeline valve and the like.
The heat exchanger has the main functions of cooling and dehydrating the waste gas, and can adopt a gas-gas heat exchanger and a gas-liquid heat exchanger. The gas-gas heat exchanger uses ambient air as a cooling medium to cool the waste gas, mainly plays a role in pre-cooling, and the applicable temperature of the waste gas is higher than 60 ℃. The gas-liquid heat exchanger mainly uses the refrigerating fluid as a cooling medium to cool the waste gas, and can be used for pre-cooling and deep cooling treatment. The frozen liquid can be directly purchased into low-temperature liquid media such as ice water, liquid nitrogen and the like, and can also be prepared by equipment such as a chiller, an evaporative condenser or a cooling tower and the like. And outsourcing ice water and liquid nitrogen are conveyed to the heat exchanger through the pump valve to cool the waste gas and then are discharged, wherein the ice water can be used as production water, and the temperature of the liquid nitrogen is increased to be volatilized gas, so that the environment is not influenced. The prepared chilled water is conveyed to a heat exchanger through a water pump to cool the waste gas and then returns to a transfer water tank, and is cooled by a water chiller and recycled. Several methods for preparing chilled water are provided below:
Preparation method of chilled water 1:
adopts a water chiller (comprising a condenser), a spray tower, a water pump, a pipeline and other devices. The refrigerant (also referred to as "refrigerant") absorbs heat from the cooled liquid in the evaporator and evaporates into vapor, and the cooled liquid forms chilled water which cools the exhaust gas through the heat exchanger. The compressor continuously draws and compresses the generated vapor from the evaporator. The compressed high-temperature and high-pressure steam is sent to a condenser and then is discharged to water for heat condensation to form high-pressure liquid, the high-pressure liquid is reduced in pressure by a throttling mechanism and then enters an evaporator for vaporization again, and the heat of the cooled liquid is absorbed; the water after temperature rising is conveyed to a cooling tower through a water pump to cool and then returns to a condenser to cool the refrigerant, and the operation is repeated.
Preparation method 2 of chilled water:
adopts a water chiller (without a condenser), an evaporative condenser and other devices. The evaporative condenser integrates a shell-and-tube water-cooled condenser, a cooling tower, a circulating water pump, a water tank and a water pipeline. The superheated high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor in the water chiller passes through a condensing calandria in the evaporative condenser, so that the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant exchanges heat with spray water and air outside the calandria to be recycled to the evaporator of the water chiller, the heat of the cooled liquid is absorbed and vaporized into steam again, and the cooled liquid forms chilled water to cool the waste gas through the heat exchanger. Compared with the traditional cooling tower, the evaporative condenser has the advantages of compact structure, small occupied area, light weight, few connecting pipelines, convenient installation and the like, and meanwhile, the power of the compressor is saved by at least 10 percent compared with other cooling tower/condenser systems, and the operation cost is lower.
The application of ice cold accumulation in cooling: in order to optimize the electricity consumption, the refrigerating capacity required by daily exhaust emission treatment is ensured by the preparation methods 1 and 2 of the chilled water for valley electricity and flat electricity at night and storing the chilled water in a large enough transfer water tank, so that the uninterrupted operation of an environmental protection system is ensured. The preparation methods 1 and 2 of the chilled water are controlled in an optimized mode, so that the preparation efficiency of the product is effectively improved.
The stack exhaust system 140 controls the exhaust treatment system 100 in a micro-negative pressure state as an exhaust gas discharge system. Further, the stack exhaust system 140 includes an exhaust stack, an induced draft fan, and a wind pressure sensor. The exhaust chimney, the sampling hole and the adoption of the platform are arranged to meet the requirements of the technical Specification for monitoring fixed source exhaust gas (HJT 397). The induced draft fan is mainly arranged for balancing the air quantity and the air pressure of the environment-friendly treatment system, so that the environment-friendly equipment can be ensured to effectively operate. The chimney discharge system 140 is provided with a wind pressure sensor and alarm feedback, monitors the wind pressure value on line and feeds back the regulating system in a micro negative pressure state.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the first dust sensor 210 is connected to the dust removing system 120 and the cooling and dewatering system 130, and the first dust sensor 210 is used for monitoring the dust removing degree of the dust removing system 120 in real time. The first pressure sensor 220 is connected to the dust removing system 120, the first dust sensor 210 and the cooling and dewatering system 130, and the first pressure sensor 220 is used for monitoring the pressure of the dust removing system 120 in real time. In addition, the dust removing system 120 is also provided with an explosion-proof and explosion venting device, so that safe operation is ensured. Meanwhile, a first dust sensor 210, a first pressure sensor 220 and alarm feedback are provided, the dust removal effect and the pressure difference condition are monitored in real time, and the feedback is timely carried out when a fault occurs.
The first temperature and humidity sensor 230 is connected to the cooling and dehydrating system 130, and the first temperature and humidity sensor 230 is used for detecting the temperature and humidity of the cooling and dehydrating system 130. The sewage treatment system 240 is connected with the cooling and dewatering system 130, and the sewage treatment system 240 is used for receiving the condensed sewage discharged by the cooling and dewatering system 130 and treating the condensed sewage until reaching the discharge standard. The temperature and humidity state of the biological filter bed system is monitored through the first temperature and humidity sensor 230, so that the biological strains are ensured to have higher biological activity under the proper temperature and humidity conditions, and the deodorizing efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the working pressure of the system is monitored through the second pressure sensor 293 and alarm feedback, whether the packing system is collapse or not is monitored, and stable operation of the processing system and convenience in daily maintenance and management are ensured. In the sewage treatment system 240, the sewage removed in the cooling and dewatering system 130 is treated by sewage treatment equipment to reach the standard and then reused as production water or plant greening water, and is not discharged. Because the biodegradability of the wastewater is good, a treatment process of anaerobic fermentation and an activated sludge method is adopted. The treated sewage reaches the second-level emission standard of pollutant emission standard of urban sewage treatment plant (GB 18918-2002). The sewage treatment execution standard is as follows
The oxidation and deodorization system 250 is connected with the cooling and dehydration system 130, and the oxidation and deodorization system 250 comprises an ozone generator, a photocatalytic oxidation and deodorization device and a low-temperature plasma deodorization device and is used for sterilizing waste gas and harmful organisms of products in the cooling and dehydration system 130. Oxidation deodorization system: the oxidation deodorization system herein may employ one of an ozone deodorization device, a photocatalytic deodorization device, and a low-temperature plasma deodorization device.
An ozone generator: an apparatus for producing ozone gas (O3). Ozone is easy to decompose and inconvenient to store, so that the ozone needs to be prepared and used on site. There are three main forms, the first is a high voltage discharge type, the second is an ultraviolet irradiation type, and the third is an electrolysis type. The main control parameters include ozone generation amount, ozone concentration, discharge voltage, power, air treatment medium, etc. Ozone has extremely strong oxidizing power, the oxidation-reduction potential is inferior to that of fluorine, and organic or inorganic substances generating odor and other odors can be rapidly decomposed by virtue of the strong oxidizing property.
Photocatalytic oxidation deodorization equipment: when photons with the wavelength below 253.7nm are irradiated on the photocatalyst titanium dioxide particles under the irradiation of a UV ultraviolet light lamp, electrons of the catalyst in a valence band are excited by the photons, and transition to a conduction band to form free electrons. Titanium dioxide forms a positively charged hole in the valence band, thus forming an electron-hole pair. By utilizing the oxidation of the generated cavity and the reducing capability of free electrons, the titanium dioxide reacts with moisture H2O and O2 contacted with the surface to generate free radicals with extremely strong oxidizing power, and the free radicals can decompose and break functional bonds of all organic matters, change the structure of organic matter molecules in waste gas, change hydrogen (H) and carbon (C) contained in the waste gas into water and carbon dioxide, and degrade and purify organic waste gas and malodorous molecules.
Low temperature plasma deodorization equipment: in the high-frequency high-voltage electric field discharging process, electrons acquire energy from an electric field, the energy is converted into the internal energy or kinetic energy of pollutant molecules through inelastic collision, the molecules acquired energy are excited or ionized to form active groups, meanwhile, oxygen and moisture in the air can generate a large number of active groups such as nascent hydrogen, active oxygen and hydroxyl oxygen under the action of the high-energy electrons, and a series of complex physical and chemical reactions are initiated after the active groups collide with each other. From the active group composition of the plasma, it can be seen that the interior of the plasma is rich in particles with extremely high chemical activity, such as electrons, ions, free radicals, excited molecules and the like. The pollutant in the waste gas reacts with the active groups with higher energy and is finally converted into substances such as CO, HO and the like, thereby achieving the purpose of purifying the waste gas. Simultaneously, under the action of an external electric field, a large amount of energy-carrying electrons generated by discharge bombard pollutant molecules to ionize, dissociate and excite the pollutant molecules, so that macromolecular pollutants are changed into simple small molecules, or toxic and harmful substances are changed into non-toxic and harmless substances or low-toxicity and low-harmful substances.
The multi-stage spray system 260 is used for reducing dust, moisture and odor factors in the exhaust gas after being treated by the oxidation deodorization system 250, the dust removal system 120 or the cooling and dewatering system 130. The multi-stage spray system 260 substantially reduces the dust, moisture and odor factors in the exhaust gas after being treated by the dust removal system 120 and the de-watering system 130. The gas mixture is treated with an absorption liquid to remove one or more of the odor components by the multi-stage spray system 260 herein. During this process, physical action of dissolution of certain gases in solution, i.e. physical absorption, occurs. There are also chemical reactions between chemical substances in the gas-liquid, i.e. chemical absorption. In conclusion, the comprehensive deodorizing purpose is achieved through physical absorption and chemical reaction. The system device mainly comprises a spray tower, a spray box, a filling tower, various scrubbers, a bubble tower, a sieve plate tower and the like. The type of the tower is selected according to the absorption efficiency, the resistance of the equipment and the operation difficulty, the multi-stage combined absorption can be selected, and a 1-3-stage spraying structure is generally adopted. The liquid absorbent can be water or solution containing surfactant, and the liquid-gas ratio is 1.5-4.0L/m 3 by controlling the wind speed in the tower to be 0.5-2.5 m/s. The spraying pressure is 0.2-0.4 MPa, and the like, so as to ensure the spraying deodorization effect.
In one embodiment, the ultrasonic enhanced treatment system 270 is used to accelerate the decomposition of ozone and enhance the removal of odors emitted by the oxidative deodorization system 250. The ultrasonic enhanced treatment system 270 utilizes an ultrasonic generator therein to accelerate ozone decomposition and enhance odor removal, thereby ensuring effective odor removal and ensuring that the exhaust port ozone does not exceed the standard. On the one hand, the decomposition of ozone is enhanced by means of ultrasonic cavitation effect and physical and chemical effects generated by the ultrasonic cavitation effect, and a large amount of free radicals are generated; on the other hand, the increased free radicals strengthen the decomposition and removal of the peculiar smell. The system is provided with an ozone sensor and alarm feedback, and the ozone value in the waste gas is monitored and regulated within national, local and industry standard limit values. The ozone sensor 291 is connected to the ultrasonic wave reinforcement treatment system 270, and the ozone sensor 291 is used for sensing the ozone level of the ultrasonic wave reinforcement treatment system 270. A second pressure sensor 293 is operatively coupled to the stack exhaust system 140 for monitoring the pressure of the stack exhaust system 140 in real time.
The demister system 290 includes at least baffles, swirl plates, and a wire demister, and separates droplets of mist-bearing gas by inertial impaction of the gas as the mist-bearing gas flows through the wire demister at a predetermined velocity. The demisting system 290 at least comprises structural forms of baffle plates, cyclone plates, wire mesh demisters and the like, when the gas containing mist flows through the demisters at a certain speed, the mist collides with the plate and net structures in the demisters due to the inertia impact effect of the gas, and when the gravity generated by the mist is greater than the resultant force of the lifting force of the gas and the surface tension of the liquid, the liquid drops are separated from the surface of the corrugated plate. Meanwhile, the agglomeration of fine particles is performed by sound waves emitted by the ultrasonic generator, so that the accumulation of liquid drop particles is enlarged, and the demisting effect is enhanced.
In fig. 2, the gas discharge sequence is that the exhaust gas supply system 110, the dust removal system 120, the cooling and dewatering system 130 (the condensed sewage is discharged after being treated by the sewage treatment system) is performed, the oxidation and deodorization system 250, the ultrasonic strengthening treatment system 270, the chimney discharge system 140, and the exhaust gas is discharged after reaching the standard.
In fig. 3, the gas discharge sequence is that the exhaust gas is discharged after passing through the air supply system 110, the dust removal system 120, the cooling and dewatering system 130 (the condensed sewage is discharged after being treated by the sewage treatment system), the multi-stage spraying system 260, the demisting system 290, the chimney discharge system 140, and the exhaust gas is discharged after reaching the standard.
In fig. 4, the gas discharge sequence is that the exhaust gas supply system 110, the dust removal system 120, the cooling and dewatering system 130 (the condensed sewage is discharged after being treated by the sewage treatment system) is firstly performed, the oxidation and deodorization system 250, the multi-stage spraying system 260, the ultrasonic strengthening treatment system 270, the defogging system 290, the chimney discharge system 140, and finally the exhaust gas is discharged after reaching the standard.
The exhaust gas treatment system provided by the invention can be used for providing a stable and efficient comprehensive treatment technology for production exhaust gas, has the advantages of simple structure and capability of selecting various exhaust modes according to different input gases, and increases the application flexibility.
The adsorption deodorizing system 310 transfers malodorous substances of the ultrasonic wave-enhanced treatment system 270 from a gas phase to a solid phase through an adsorption function of the adsorbent, wherein the adsorption function includes physical adsorption or chemical adsorption. In other words, the adsorption deodorizing system 310 transfers malodor substances from a gas phase to a solid phase by using the adsorption function of the adsorbent, and can be classified into physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. Physical adsorption is a reversible reaction in which odor and VOCs are attached to the solid surface by van der waals forces between the solid adsorbent and the odor or VOCs, and can be regenerated by changing the pressure or temperature. And chemical adsorption is to attach the odor or VOCs molecules to the surface of the adsorbent by self chemical bonding of the adsorbent, and the attraction between the odor or VOCs molecules is stronger than physical adsorption, and the chemical adsorption is usually irreversible reaction. Typical adsorbents are activated carbon, activated carbon fiber, silica gel, diatomaceous earth, activated alumina, synthetic zeolite, etc.
The third pressure sensor 320 is connected to the adsorption deodorizing system 310, and is used for sensing the pressure of the adsorption deodorizing system 310. The temperature sensor 330 is connected to the adsorption deodorizing system 310, and is used for sensing the temperature of the adsorption deodorizing system 310. One or more of the adsorbents are orderly arranged in an adsorption box to adsorb the waste gas, the adsorption box is provided with a flame arrester, a fireproof valve and an explosion venting device, and a temperature sensor 330, a third pressure sensor 320 and alarm feedback are arranged to determine the safe and effective operation of the whole system.
In fig. 5, the gas discharge sequence is that the exhaust gas supply system 110, the dust removal system 120, the cooling and dewatering system 130 (the condensed sewage is discharged after being treated by the sewage treatment system) is performed, the oxidation and deodorization system 250, the ultrasonic strengthening treatment system 270, the adsorption and deodorization system 310, the chimney discharge system 140, and the exhaust gas is discharged after reaching the standard.
In fig. 6, the gas discharge sequence is that the exhaust gas is discharged up to standard by the exhaust gas supply system 110, the dust removal system 120, the cooling and dewatering system 130 (the condensed sewage is discharged up to standard after being treated by the sewage treatment system), the adsorption and deodorization system 310, the chimney discharge system 140, and the exhaust gas is discharged up to standard. The exhaust gas treatment system provided by the invention can be used for providing a stable and efficient comprehensive treatment technology for production exhaust gas, and has the advantages of simple structure and capability of selecting various exhaust modes according to different input gases.
The biological deodorization system 340 is used for decomposing the odor of the gas discharged from the cooling and dehydrating system 130 by the metabolism of the microorganisms fixed on the filter material. The second temperature and humidity sensor 350 is connected to the biological deodorization system 340, the second temperature and humidity sensor 350 is used for detecting the temperature and humidity of the biological deodorization system 340, and the biological deodorization system 340 further processes the biological filter bed/pool and can be subdivided into a humidifying system, a gas distribution system, a biological filter material and a drainage system. The malodorous gas is subjected to pretreatment processes such as dust removal, cooling and dehydration. Firstly, the odor is collected and conveyed to a humidifying and heat preserving system, and in a biological filter tank containing rich microorganisms, the odor passes through a filter bed composed of filter materials from bottom to top, and the odor gas is transferred to a water-microorganism mixed phase from a gas phase and is decomposed through the metabolism of microorganisms fixed on the filter materials. The microbial deodorization process is divided into three steps:
(1) The odor contacts with water and is dissolved in the water, and organic substances in the odor are transferred from a gas phase to a liquid phase (or a solid surface liquid film);
(2) The odor dissolved in the water is absorbed by the microorganism through the cell wall and the cell membrane of the microorganism, the odor insoluble in the water is firstly attached to the outside of the microorganism, and the extracellular enzyme secreted by the microorganism is decomposed into soluble substances and then permeates into the cells. The odor components in the liquid phase (or solid surface biological layer) are adsorbed and absorbed by microorganisms, and the odor components are transferred into the microorganisms from the water;
(3) Malodorous components entering the cells of the microorganism are used as nutrient substances to be oxidized, decomposed, assimilated and synthesized by the microorganism, and part of the generated metabolic products are dissolved in human liquid phase, part of the generated metabolic products are used as cell substances or cell metabolic energy sources, and the other part of the generated metabolic products (such as CO 2) are separated out into the air. The odor is continuously reduced through the process, so that pollutants are removed and purified.
In fig. 7, the gas discharge sequence is that the exhaust gas is discharged up to standard by the exhaust gas supply system 110, the dust removal system 120, the cooling and dewatering system 130 (the condensed sewage is discharged up to standard after being treated by the sewage treatment system), the biological deodorization system 340, the chimney discharge system 140, and the exhaust gas is discharged up to standard. The exhaust gas treatment system provided by the invention can be used for providing a stable and efficient comprehensive treatment technology for production exhaust gas, and has the advantages of simple structure and capability of selecting various exhaust modes according to different input gases.
The adsorption concentration system 360 is configured to pre-treat the waste gas containing organic matters and malodor discharged from the cooling and dewatering system 130, then enter the adsorption bed to perform adsorption operation, and then trap the organic matters in the adsorption bed by the acting force of the adsorbent, and discharge the adsorbed clean gas. The second dust sensor 370 is connected to the adsorption concentration system 360, and the second dust sensor 370 is used for monitoring the dust removal degree of the adsorption concentration system 360 in real time. The oxygen sensor 380 is connected with the adsorption concentration system 360, and the oxygen sensor 380 is used for monitoring the dust removal degree of the adsorption concentration system 360 in real time. The adsorption concentration system 360 is operated continuously by a plurality of gas paths, and a plurality of adsorption beds are arranged for alternate use. The waste gas containing organic matters and malodor enters an adsorption bed for adsorption after the pretreatment, the organic matters are trapped in the adsorption bed by the special acting force of the adsorbent, and the adsorbed clean gas is discharged; after a period of time, the adsorbent is brought to saturation, and adsorption is stopped, at which time the organic matter has been concentrated in the adsorbent. The automatic heating of the combustion equipment sends hot air into the saturated adsorbent through a fan, heats and 'evaporates' organic matters from the adsorbent, and the desorbed waste gas belongs to organic waste gas with high concentration, small air quantity and high temperature.
The combustion deodorizing system 390 oxidatively decomposes the organic matters discharged from the adsorption concentration system 360 into harmless gases by the heat exchange principle. In other words, the combustion deodorizing system 390 is commonly used with regenerative catalytic combustion technology (RCO), regenerative thermal incineration technology (RTO). When the temperature reaches the ignition temperature, cold air in the system is fed into the desorption fan and the air-supplementing fan, mixed and then is fed into the adsorption bed to carry out desorption operation, the blown-out high-concentration organic waste gas (which can be concentrated by 5-15 times) and the burnt hot waste gas are subjected to heat exchange in the heat exchanger to be preheated and then are fed into the combustion chamber, and the temperature in the combustion chamber is raised to oxidatively decompose the organic matters into harmless CO2 and H2O. The gas heat exchange temperature of the burnt waste gas after desorption is reduced to 180-200 ℃ for desorption, and the redundant waste gas is discharged into an exhaust barrel. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system, pretreatment equipment such as a flame arrester, an air filter and the like are required to be arranged, and meanwhile, on-line detection equipment such as an oxygen sensor, a dust sensor and the like are arranged and alarm feedback is arranged.
In fig. 8, the gas discharge sequence is that the exhaust gas is discharged after the air supply system 110, the dust removal system 120, the cooling and dewatering system 130 (the condensed sewage is discharged after being treated by the sewage treatment system) after reaching the standard, the adsorption concentration system 360, the combustion deodorizing system 390, the chimney discharge system 140, and the exhaust gas is discharged after reaching the standard. The exhaust gas treatment system provided by the invention can be used for providing a stable and efficient comprehensive treatment technology for production exhaust gas, and has the advantages of simple structure and capability of selecting various exhaust modes according to different input gases.
The inventor finds that in the production process, a plurality of production stages exist, and the exhaust gas generated in each production stage is the same or different, so that different paths can be switched regularly to treat the exhaust gas in response to the situation. However, the time of each production stage is not fixed although regular, and may be performed simultaneously, and timing or manual switching may result in low accuracy, imprecise exhaust treatment, and insufficient intelligence. Thus:
the control system is described as follows:
as described above, the control system is configured to make a decision and control through a valve, and send the exhaust gas after the treatment of the cooling and dewatering system into one of the paths (i.e., the target path) so as to treat the exhaust gas after the treatment of the cooling and dewatering system through the one path.
Specifically, the control system is configured to determine, according to the current time interval and the historical time interval, a target path in which the exhaust gas processed by the cooling and dewatering system needs to flow in a next time interval, where the exhaust gas processed by the cooling and dewatering system is processed in the next time interval, and switch the current path to the target path through valve control, so as to process the exhaust gas processed by the cooling and dewatering system in the next time interval through the target path.
The control system is used for executing the following operations:
(1) Respectively acquiring a plurality of group decision factors in each time interval; each group of decision factors comprises the air outlet speed, humidity, temperature and air pressure of an output pipeline of the cooling and dehydrating system; the dust content and the dust type of the treated waste gas and the content of each component of the treated waste gas, wherein each component is hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, esters, organic sulfur, organic amines, organic acids, aromatic hydrocarbons, terpenes and the like; namely, acquiring the plurality of group decision factors in a time interval;
(2) Carrying out averaging treatment on a plurality of groups of decision factors in each time interval to obtain a group of average values of each time interval; for example, the wind outlet speeds in each group of decision factors in one time interval are subjected to averaging treatment, so that an average value of the wind outlet speeds corresponding to the time interval is obtained;
(3) Vectorizing the average value of the corresponding group of each time interval to obtain a decision factor vector of each time interval;
(4) According to the time sequence of each time interval, the decision factor vector of each time interval is input into a pre-trained long-short-period memory network model, and the hidden vector of each time interval is output through the long-short-period memory network model; the long-term and short-term memory network is obtained through massive historical decision factor vectors and corresponding path labels. Specific training may be to adopt techniques such as loss function, which will not be described in detail in this patent.
(5) Constructing a first two-dimensional vector matrix according to the hidden vectors of each time interval;
(6) Performing convolution operation on the first two-dimensional vector matrix to obtain a plurality of one-dimensional vectors;
(7) Inputting a plurality of one-dimensional vectors into a pre-trained classification model to obtain target vectors; the target vector comprises a plurality of vector parameters, each vector parameter representing a probability of use of a corresponding path; the classification model can be obtained based on training of logistic regression, naive Bayes, decision trees, support vector machines, random forests, gradient lifting trees and the like;
the higher the probability of use, the more suitable the corresponding path is for treating the treated exhaust gas in the next time interval, i.e. the higher the treatment effect and efficiency.
(8) The path with the highest probability of use is determined as the target path:
mode 1: if the current path is the target path, switching is not needed;
mode 2: if the current path is not the target path, switching to the target path;
mode 3: if the current path is not the target path, judging whether the corresponding weight value of the target path is larger than the corresponding weight value of the current path according to the target path, the current path and the weight values of the current path; if so, switching to the target path, otherwise, not executing switching operation.
It should be noted that, the weight value of each path is set according to the average use cost of the corresponding path, for example, the higher the average use cost of one path is, the lower the weight value corresponding to the one path is. Mode 3 balances the cost of the fee processing and the cost of the path usage, thereby providing a solution for both.
The control system also acquires exhaust gas detection data of an outlet of the chimney discharge system and judges whether the exhaust gas treated by the current path reaches a preset standard. If the exhaust gas processed through the current path does not reach the preset standard, the target path is directly switched.
As a further optimization scheme, the method comprises the steps of,
further comprises: constructing a second two-dimensional vector according to the decision factor vector of each time interval;
inputting the second two-dimensional vector into a feature extraction model, wherein the feature extraction model is a trained convolution network;
extracting the second two-dimensional vector features through the feature extraction model to obtain a feature map;
pooling the feature map and converting the feature map into a one-dimensional feature vector;
inputting the one-dimensional feature vector and the plurality of one-dimensional vectors in step (6) into a classification model to obtain the target vector.
In the optimization scheme, the target vector is generated according to the hidden vector predicted by the long-short term memory network and is constrained by the current decision factor, so that the stability of the waste gas treatment can be improved to a certain extent.
The waste gas treatment system provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and stable operation, and can intelligently control the waste gas treatment path, so that the diversity and flexibility of waste gas treatment are realized, and the treatment efficiency of various waste gases is provided.
It should be noted that, the partial systems in the multiple paths realize the sharing of the system to be processed through the valve control. Thus, some paths are not fixed, but may be generated temporarily by a control system controlling the valves. Thus, intelligent selection of paths and temporary incremental improvement of reusability of the system by paths.
The intelligent prediction and selection of the path of the next time interval is obtained through various decision factors and a long-term and short-term memory network. These decision factors include: the air outlet speed, humidity, temperature and air pressure of the output pipeline of the cooling and dehydrating system are equal to each other; the dust content and the dust type of the treated waste gas and the content of each component of the treated waste gas, wherein each component is hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, esters, organic sulfur, organic amines, organic acids, aromatic hydrocarbons, terpenes and the like; that is, the plurality of group decision factors are acquired in one time interval. Through the experiments of the inventor, the optimal decision can be obtained by combining the decision factors and evaluating the waste gas treatment effect, efficiency and the like of each path from multiple dimensions.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention.