CN113079813A

CN113079813A - Floating bed rice harvester

Info

Publication number: CN113079813A
Application number: CN202110357254.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘梅; 原居林; 郭爱环; 倪蒙
Original assignee: Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries
Current assignee: Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries
Priority date: 2021-04-01
Filing date: 2021-04-01
Publication date: 2021-07-09

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rice harvesting devices, in particular to a floating bed rice harvester. The water surface travelling device comprises a hull, a collecting box is arranged at the upper part of the stern of the hull, a through groove from the bow to the stern is formed in the lower part of the hull, limiting traction mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces in the through groove and are used for limiting a floating bed and drawing the floating bed to move towards the stern so as not to float on the water surface; the rice harvesting device is arranged above the through groove of the bow and comprises a cutting mechanism, a conveyor belt mechanism and a rotary shifting rod mechanism, the rotary shifting rod mechanism shifts the rice to one side facing the bow, and the cutting mechanism cuts off the root of the rice. The harvester is used for solving the problem that the harvester is poor in harvesting effect on the rice with the floating bed because the floating bed can rock on the water surface when the harvester among the prior art harvests the rice with the floating bed.

Description

Floating bed rice harvester

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rice harvesting devices, in particular to a floating bed rice harvester.

Background

The artificial floating bed takes aquatic plants as a main body, applies the technical principle of soilless culture, and puts the artificial floating bed planted with the aquatic plants into the damaged water, thereby achieving the purpose of restoring and rebuilding a plant ecosystem. The artificial floating bed has many advantages in performance, and absorbs carbon dioxide gas around and releases oxygen while performing photosynthesis. Simultaneously, the aim of purifying air is achieved. It uses the plant root system with large surface area to form a dense network in water, and adsorbs the suspended matter in water to gradually form a biological film, so that it becomes a nutrient substance of plant itself, and can make it grow by means of photosynthesis. Compared with the water pollution remediation technology, the artificial floating bed has obvious superiority. The method can effectively utilize the area of the water area and achieve the purpose of combining landscape design and water body restoration. With the continuous development of economy, the water pollution condition in China is more and more serious, and the appearance of the artificial floating island changes the condition, so that the method is a brand-new water pollution treatment technology, and has the greatest advantage that secondary pollution is not caused while pollution is treated. As we know, many water pollution treatment methods at present have certain damage to water quality, and the artificial floating island is directly treated by plants and microorganisms, so that the water quality is not damaged at all.

The artificial floating island technology is used for planting rice, not only plays a role in purifying water, but also improves the utilization value of the water surface of the lake, and achieves the purposes of treatment and grain harvest.

However, when the existing rice harvester harvests rice on a floating bed, the floating bed floats on the water surface, and when the harvester is contacted with the rice, the floating bed can shake on the water surface, so that the rice can not be aligned with the harvesting part of the harvester, and the problem that the harvester in the prior art has poor harvesting effect on the rice is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the technology, the invention aims to provide a floating bed rice harvester, which is used for solving the problem that the harvester has poor harvesting effect on floating bed rice because a floating bed can swing on the water surface when the harvester in the prior art harvests the floating bed rice.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the floating bed rice harvester comprises a water surface walking device and a rice harvesting device, wherein the water surface walking device comprises a hull, a collecting box is arranged at the upper part of the stern of the hull, a through groove from the bow to the stern is formed in the lower part of the hull, limiting traction mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces in the through groove and used for limiting the floating bed and drawing the floating bed to move towards the stern so as to prevent the floating bed from floating on the water surface;

the rice harvesting device is arranged above the through groove in the bow and comprises a cutting mechanism, a conveyor belt mechanism and a rotary shifting rod mechanism, the rotary shifting rod mechanism shifts rice to one side facing the bow, the cutting mechanism cuts off the root of the rice, and the conveyor belt mechanism transports the cut water channel into a collecting box at the tail of the bed.

Further limiting, the limiting traction mechanism comprises a limiting mechanism and a traction mechanism, the limiting mechanism is 2 groups which are respectively and symmetrically arranged on the two side surfaces of the through groove, the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting plate and a plurality of groups of linear motors, the limiting plate is arranged in parallel to the side surface of the through groove, the linear motors are fixed in the ship body, the output end of the traction mechanism penetrates through the side surface of the through groove and is fixedly connected with the limiting plate, the traction mechanism comprises a first rotating motor, a belt, a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the first rotating motor is fixed on the outer side surface of one end part of the limiting plate, the output end of the first rotating motor is vertically arranged downwards, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected with the driving wheel, the driven wheel is radially and symmetrically arranged on the other side face of the limiting plate, the belt is wound on the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and the lower end of the limiting plate is completely coated by the belt.

The rice cutting machine is characterized in that the cutting mechanism comprises fixing plates fixed on two sides of the bow, driving wheels are arranged at the other ends of the fixing plates, a second rotating motor is arranged above one of the driving wheels, the output end of the second rotating motor is fixedly connected with the middle of the driving wheel, cutting belts are arranged on the outer sides of the driving wheels on two sides, and the second rotating motor drives the cutting belts to cut rice in a rotating mode.

Further limiting, the conveyor belt mechanism comprises a first conveyor belt mechanism and a second conveyor belt mechanism, the first conveyor belt mechanism and the second conveyor belt mechanism are both composed of conveyor belts and a driving mechanism, the first conveyor belt mechanism conveys the cut rice to the upper end of the ship body, and the second conveyor belt mechanism is used for conveying the cut rice to a collecting box at the stern.

Further limiting, the rotary deflector rod mechanism comprises fixed rods fixed on two sides of the ship body, rotating shafts are arranged at the end portions of the fixed rods on the two sides, 3 deflector rods are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the rotating shafts, a third rotating motor used for driving the rotating shafts to rotate is arranged at one end of each rotating shaft, and the rotary deflector rod mechanism is used for stirring rice on the floating bed to one side close to the cutting mechanism.

Further limiting, the bow is further provided with a lifting mechanism, the cutting mechanism, the conveying belt mechanism and the rotary deflector rod mechanism are all arranged on the lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism can drive the cutting mechanism, and the conveying belt mechanism and the rotary deflector rod mechanism move in the vertical direction.

Further inject, elevating system includes mounting panel and slip table, the slip table seat of slip table is fixed in the both sides of bow, the slider and the mounting panel fixed connection of slip table, cutting mechanism, conveyer belt mechanism and rotatory driving lever mechanism all set up on the mounting panel.

Further limited, the two sides of the ship body are provided with buoyancy adjusting mechanisms, each buoyancy adjusting mechanism comprises air bags arranged on the two sides of the ship body and an air pump for inflating the air bags, and the air pumps are arranged on the inner sides of the ship body.

Further, the air bag is an elastic air bag, and when the air bag is not inflated, the air bag is tightly attached to the side surface of the ship body.

Further limit, evenly be equipped with the lug on traction mechanism's the belt.

The using method and the working principle of the rice cutting machine with the floating bed are as follows:

(1) the floating bed rice harvester is driven to a planting water area of the floating bed rice;

(2) aligning a through groove of the floating bed rice harvester with a floating bed for rice planting, and adjusting the width of a gap between limiting plates on two sides in a limiting mechanism to enable two sides of the floating bed to be in close contact with the inner sides of belts on two sides in a traction mechanism;

(3) electrifying the first rotating motor to rotate a belt in the traction mechanism, and driving the floating bed to move towards the stern under the driving of the belt;

(4) the rice cutting and conveying device is characterized in that the cutting mechanism, the conveying belt mechanism and the rotary shifting rod mechanism are powered on, the rotary shifting rod mechanism stirs rice to the direction close to the cutting mechanism, the root of the rice is cut off under the action of the cutting mechanism, the cut rice is toppled over on the conveying belt mechanism, and the rice is accurately conveyed to the collecting box to be collected in the conveying belt mechanism.

The technical effect of the technical scheme is as follows:

(1) the floating bed rice harvester replaces manpower to harvest the floating bed rice, and the harvesting speed of the rice is improved. (2) The limiting mechanism and the traction mechanism can limit the two sides of the floating bed, and simultaneously the floating bed is drawn to the rear part of the ship body, so that the floating bed cannot rock on the water surface, and the harvesting effect of the rice harvester with the floating bed is ensured. (3) The lifting mechanism arranged at the bow can adjust the vertical heights of the cutting mechanism, the conveying belt mechanism and the rotary deflector rod mechanism according to the depth of a floating bed water area, and ensures that the cutting mechanism, the conveying belt mechanism and the rotary deflector rod mechanism are positioned at the optimal working height. (4) The buoyancy adjusting mechanisms arranged on the two sides of the boat body can adjust the draught of the boat body, and the problem that the optimal harvesting position of the floating bed rice harvester is affected due to the fact that the boat body sinks when the number of rice in the collecting box is increased is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a floating-bed rice harvester according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the floating-bed rice harvester in another direction according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a left side view schematically illustrating a floating-bed rice harvester according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a rear view schematically showing a floating-bed rice harvester according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a rear view of the floating bed rice harvester according to the present embodiment.

The reference numbers:

the ship body 1, the transmission wheel 2, the cutting belt 21, the second rotating motor 22, the fixed rod 3, the rotating shaft 31, the third rotating motor 32, the shifting lever 33, the conveyor belt mechanism 4, the linear motor 5, the limiting plate 51, the first rotating motor 52, the belt 53, the sliding table 61, the mounting plate 62 and the air bag 7.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

as shown in fig. 1 to 5, a rice harvester with a floating bed comprises a water surface walking device and a rice harvesting device, wherein the water surface walking device comprises a hull 1, a collecting box is arranged at the upper part of the stern of the hull 1, a through groove from the bow to the stern is formed in the lower part of the hull 1, limiting traction mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces in the through groove and used for limiting the floating bed and performing motion traction on the floating bed towards the stern so as to prevent the floating bed from floating on the water surface; the rice harvesting device is arranged above the through groove at the bow and comprises a cutting mechanism, a conveyor belt mechanism 4 and a rotary shifting rod 33 mechanism, the rotary shifting rod 33 mechanism shifts the rice to one side facing the bow, the cutting mechanism cuts off the root of the rice, and the conveyor belt mechanism 4 transports the cut-off rice to a collection box at the tail of a bed.

Specifically, spacing drive mechanism includes stop gear and drive mechanism, stop gear is 2 groups, the symmetry sets up respectively on the both sides face that leads to the groove, stop gear includes limiting plate 51 and a plurality of groups linear electric motor 5, limiting plate 51 is on a parallel with the side setting that leads to the groove, linear electric motor 5 is fixed in the inside of hull 1, and its output runs through the side and limiting plate 51 fixed connection that lead to the groove, drive mechanism includes first rotating electrical machines 52, belt 53, the action wheel and follows the driving wheel, first rotating electrical machines 52 is fixed on the lateral surface of limiting plate 51 tip, and the vertical downward setting of output of first rotating electrical machines 52, the output and the action wheel fixed connection of motor, follow the radial symmetry of driving wheel and set up on the another side of limiting plate 51, belt 53 twines at the action wheel and follows the driving wheel, and the lower extreme of limiting plate. The limiting mechanism is mainly used for limiting the position of the floating bed, so that the floating bed is prevented from swinging on the water surface, the harvesting effect of the rice harvester with the floating bed on rice is influenced, the traction mechanism is used for drawing the floating bed to the rear part of the ship body 1, the floating bed cannot be accumulated in the front of the harvester, and the harvesting of the harvester is influenced. Preferably, the outer side surface of the belt 53 is provided with evenly arranged projections, so that the friction force contacting with the floating bed can be increased, and the traction effect on the floating bed is ensured.

Specifically, the cutting mechanism comprises fixing plates fixed on two sides of the bow, driving wheels 2 are arranged at the other ends of the fixing plates, a second rotating motor 22 is arranged above one of the driving wheels 2, the output end of the second rotating motor 22 is fixedly connected with the middle of the driving wheel 2, cutting belts 21 are arranged on the outer sides of the driving wheels 2 on two sides, and the second rotating motor 22 drives the cutting belts 21 to cut rice in a rotating mode. The driving wheel 2 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the second rotating motor 22, so that the cutting belt 21 is driven to rotate, the rotating cutting belt 21 cuts each part of the rice, the cutting belt 21 comprises a belt and a cutter, and the cutter is uniformly distributed on the outer side of the cutting belt 21.

Specifically, the conveyor belt mechanism 4 comprises a first conveyor belt mechanism 4 and a second conveyor belt mechanism 4, the first conveyor belt mechanism 4 and the second conveyor belt mechanism 4 are both composed of conveyor belts and driving mechanisms, the first conveyor belt mechanism 4 conveys the cut rice to the upper end of the ship body 1, and the second conveyor belt mechanism 4 is used for conveying the cut rice to a collecting box at the stern. The conveyor belt mechanism 4 transmits the cut rice to the inside of the collection box of the hull 1 through the rotation of the driving mechanism, the driving mechanism can be a motor, and the conveyor belt mechanism 4 is in a conveyor belt form in the prior art. In order to facilitate height adjustment of the end of one end of the drive belt means 4 in this embodiment, the end of the drive belt means is articulated to the hull 1.

Specifically, the rotating deflector rod 33 mechanism comprises fixed rods 3 fixed on two sides of the ship body 1, rotating shafts 31 are arranged at the end parts of the fixed rods 3 on the two sides, 3 deflector rods 33 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the rotating shafts 31, a third rotating motor 32 used for driving the rotating shafts 31 to rotate is arranged at one end of each rotating shaft 31, and the rotating deflector rod 33 mechanism is used for deflecting rice on the floating bed to one side close to the cutting mechanism. In order to ensure the accurate falling of the cut rice onto the conveyor belt mechanism 4 when the harvester harvests, the rice is stirred towards the cutting mechanism and the conveyor belt mechanism 4 under the driving of the third rotating mechanism in order to ensure the accurate conveying effect of the conveyor belt mechanism 4 on the rice, and the cutting effect is ensured, and meanwhile, the cut rice can be accurately poured onto the conveyor belt mechanism 4.

Specifically, the bow is also provided with a lifting mechanism, a cutting mechanism, a conveyor belt mechanism 4 and a rotary deflector rod 33 mechanism which are all arranged on the lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism can drive the cutting mechanism, and the conveyor belt mechanism 4 and the rotary deflector rod 33 mechanism move in the vertical direction.

Specifically, elevating system includes mounting panel 62 and slip table 61, and the slip table 61 seat of slip table 61 is fixed in the both sides of bow, and the slider and the mounting panel 62 fixed connection of slip table 61, cutting mechanism, conveyor belt mechanism 4 and rotatory driving lever 33 mechanism all set up on mounting panel 62. Detect the height of cutting mechanism for the rice through sensor or naked eye, then under control system's effect, make the slider slide to drive mounting panel 62 and carry out the change of height in vertical direction, make cutting mechanism and conveyor belt mechanism 4 remain throughout in the best cutting position, guarantee the collection effect of rice.

Specifically, the two sides of the hull 1 are provided with buoyancy adjusting mechanisms, each buoyancy adjusting mechanism comprises air bags 7 arranged on the two sides of the hull 1 and air pumps for inflating the air bags 7, and the air pumps are arranged on the inner sides of the hull 1. The main working principle of the buoyancy adjusting structure is that when a large amount of rice is collected in the hull 1, the whole weight of the hull 1 is relatively heavy, which reduces the height of the hull 1 relative to the water surface, at this time, the cutting position of the cutting mechanism relative to the rice is reduced, and interference with the floating bed is likely to occur, and moreover, if the planting water area of the floating bed rice is shallow, the hull 1 is likely to be stranded, so air is added through the air pump airbag 7, but the total buoyancy of the hull 1 is increased, so that the influence of the weight of the rice in the hull 1 on the draught of the hull 1 can be avoided.

As shown in fig. 4, the airbag 7 is specifically an elastic airbag 7, and when the airbag 7 is not inflated, the airbag 7 is closely attached to the side surface of the hull 1. When the air bags 7 are not inflated, the air bags are arranged to be tightly attached to the surface of the ship body 1, so that the problem that the movement resistance of the ship body 1 is increased when the ship body 1 moves and the air bags 7 are arranged can be solved.

In the embodiment, the movement mode of the hull 1 is in the form of an engine and a propeller, each mechanism in the floating rice harvester is operated in a mode of adopting a power driving end, the main source of power can adopt a storage battery, and the endurance time of the floating bed rice harvester can be prolonged by charging the storage battery through the rotation of the engine. Of course, the engine can be used as the driving mechanism, the power of the engine is transmitted through the belt, the transmission wheel 2 and the gears, so that each mechanism in the floating bed rice harvester can work normally, and because the rotating speeds of the mechanisms are different, when the floating bed rice harvester is used, different rotating speeds of the driving mechanisms can be obtained only by adjusting and matching the gear ratio of the gears meshed with each other.

It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are used broadly in the present invention, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. The rice harvester with the floating bed comprises a water surface walking device and a rice harvesting device, and is characterized in that the water surface walking device comprises a hull, a collecting box is arranged at the upper part of the stern of the hull, a through groove from the bow to the stern is formed in the lower part of the hull, limiting traction mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two side faces in the through groove and used for limiting the floating bed and drawing the floating bed to move towards the stern so as to prevent the floating bed from floating on the water surface;

2. The floating bed rice harvester of claim 1, wherein the limiting traction mechanism comprises 2 sets of limiting mechanisms and traction mechanisms, the limiting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two side surfaces of the through groove respectively, the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting plate and a plurality of sets of linear motors, the limiting plate is arranged in parallel with the side surfaces of the through groove, the linear motors are fixed in the hull, the output ends of the linear motors penetrate through the side surfaces of the through groove and are fixedly connected with the limiting plate, the traction mechanism comprises a first rotating motor, a belt, a driving wheel and a driven wheel, the first rotating motor is fixed on the outer side surface of one end part of the limiting plate, the output end of the first rotating motor is vertically arranged downwards, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected with the driving wheel, the driven wheel is radially and symmetrically arranged on the other side surface of the limiting plate, and the belt is wound on the, and the lower end of the limiting plate is completely covered by the belt.

3. The floating bed rice harvester of claim 1, wherein the cutting mechanism comprises a fixed plate fixed on both sides of the bow, the other end of the fixed plate is provided with a driving wheel, one of the driving wheels is provided with a second rotating motor, the output end of the second rotating motor is fixedly connected with the middle part of the driving wheel, the outer side of the driving wheel on both sides is provided with a cutting belt, and the second rotating motor drives the cutting belt to rotate and cut rice.

4. The floating bed rice harvester of claim 1, wherein the conveyor means comprises a first conveyor means for transporting the cut rice to the upper end of the hull and a second conveyor means for transporting the cut rice to the collection bin at the stern, each conveyor means comprising a conveyor and a drive means.

5. The rice harvester as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotary deflector mechanism comprises a fixed rod fixed on both sides of the hull, the fixed rod is provided with a rotating shaft at the end, the rotating shaft is provided with 3 circumferentially distributed deflector rods, one end of the rotating shaft is provided with a third rotating motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotary deflector mechanism is used for deflecting the rice on the floating bed to one side close to the cutting mechanism.

6. The floating bed rice harvester of claim 1, wherein the bow further comprises a lifting mechanism, and the cutting mechanism, the conveyor mechanism and the rotary shifter mechanism are disposed on the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is capable of moving the cutting mechanism, the conveyor mechanism and the rotary shifter mechanism in a vertical direction.

7. The floating bed rice harvester of claim 6, wherein the elevating mechanism comprises a mounting plate and a sliding table, the sliding table seat of the sliding table is fixed on two sides of the bow, the sliding block of the sliding table is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, and the cutting mechanism, the conveying belt mechanism and the rotary deflector rod mechanism are all arranged on the mounting plate.

8. The floating bed rice harvester of claim 1, wherein the hull is provided with buoyancy adjusting mechanisms on both sides, the buoyancy adjusting mechanisms comprise air bags arranged on both sides of the hull, and air pumps for inflating the air bags, and the air pumps are arranged on the inner side of the hull.

9. The floating bed rice harvester of claim 8, wherein the air cells are elastic air cells that cling to the sides of the hull when the air cells are not inflated.

10. The floating bed rice harvester of claim 2, wherein the belt of the traction mechanism has lugs formed thereon.