CN113075012A - Moisture evaporation device for remotely sensing and monitoring near-surface soil humidity - Google Patents
Moisture evaporation device for remotely sensing and monitoring near-surface soil humidity Download PDFInfo
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- CN113075012A CN113075012A CN202110331170.8A CN202110331170A CN113075012A CN 113075012 A CN113075012 A CN 113075012A CN 202110331170 A CN202110331170 A CN 202110331170A CN 113075012 A CN113075012 A CN 113075012A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/44—Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
Abstract
The invention discloses a moisture evaporation device for remotely sensing and monitoring the humidity of near-surface soil, which comprises: the device comprises a crusher, a vacuum exhaust tube, a controller, a material discharge port, a heating plate, a dispersion plate, a stirrer, a receiving antenna and a stirring blade; a material inlet is formed in the upper part of the pulverizer, a sealing cover is arranged on the upper part of the material inlet, and a soil sample enters from the material inlet; the pulverizer is communicated up and down, and the pulverizer pulverizes the soil sample into powder; the lower part of the crusher is provided with a dispersion plate, the disc-shaped surface of the crusher is provided with a large number of through holes, and the crusher vibrates and rotates at a low speed; the dispersion plate uniformly distributes the powdery soil sample into the lower bin; one side of the bin is communicated with a vacuum exhaust pipe, and when the vacuum exhaust pipe works, the bin is vacuumized, and the powdery soil sample is vacuumized to remove moisture. The water evaporation device for remotely sensing and monitoring the soil humidity near the surface of the earth has the advantages of novel and reasonable structure, high working efficiency and wide equipment application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of remote sensing soil humidity monitoring equipment, and particularly relates to a water evaporation device for remote sensing monitoring of near-surface soil humidity.
Background
And remote sensing is carried out to monitor the soil humidity near the surface of the earth. In recent years, various scholars have conducted extensive research on near-ground soil humidity estimation and monitoring area soil moisture based on satellite remote sensing, and the main idea is to establish a remote control test station, install a soil moisture tester, and directly or indirectly establish a correlation model between AOT and near-ground soil humidity and moisture by means of other parameters. According to the difference of soil change factors and atmospheric environment factors introduced into the correlation model, the direct correlation model of AOT and near-ground soil humidity, the correlation model considering aerosol vertical distribution and relative humidity influence and the correlation model considering various environmental meteorological factors are applied to calculate the water content of the soil. Soil moisture is an important basis for evaluating crop yield, and is also a direct index for evaluating farmland productivity and farmer benefit degree. The unit yield of the crops is estimated in real time in an area or a larger scale, and guidance can be provided for the estimation of the unit yield of the crops through soil humidity; the yield of different crops in a certain area is mastered, the regional planting suitability of the crops is favorably analyzed, and further, the food planting strategy is supported.
The remote sensing technology is used for estimating the soil humidity near the ground and monitoring the soil moisture in the area, so that a crop yield estimation model can be established, the crop yield can be estimated in real time on a larger scale by combining the crop light energy utilization rate and the crop growth mechanism model, and technical support is provided for the grain planting strategy.
Under the condition of the prior art, the monitoring equipment and the related technology in the field are not developed and mature, and the method is mainly characterized in that a pulverizer, a vacuum exhaust tube, a controller, a material discharge port, a heating plate, a dispersion plate, a stirrer, a receiving antenna and a stirring blade are not available in the prior art; and (4) a mechanism. The defects of old process, high treatment cost, low working efficiency, incapability of automatic control, large occupied area and the like are caused by the lack of the mechanism or the immaturity of the mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a moisture evaporation device for remotely sensing and monitoring the humidity of near-surface soil, which comprises: the device comprises a pulverizer (1), a vacuum extraction pipe (2), a controller (3), a material discharge port (4), a heating plate (5), a dispersion plate (6), a stirrer (7), a receiving antenna (8) and a stirring blade (9); a material inlet is formed in the upper part of the pulverizer (1), a sealing cover is arranged on the upper part of the material inlet, and a soil sample enters from the material inlet; the pulverizer (1) is communicated up and down, and the pulverizer (1) pulverizes the soil sample into powder; a dispersion plate (6) is arranged at the lower part of the pulverizer (1), and a large number of through holes are arranged on the disc-shaped surface of the pulverizer, so that the pulverizer vibrates and rotates at a low speed; the dispersion plate (6) uniformly distributes the powdery soil sample into the lower chamber; one side of the bin is communicated with a vacuum exhaust pipe (2), and when the vacuum exhaust pipe (2) works, the bin is vacuumized, and a powdery soil sample is vacuumized to remove moisture; the controller (3) is arranged outside the bin, the receiving antenna (8) is arranged at the top of the bin, and the controller (3) is connected with the receiving antenna (8) through a lead; a stirrer (7) is arranged at the lower part of the dispersion plate (6), the stirrer (7) is suspended above the heating plate (5), the stirrer (7) is fixedly connected with a stirring blade (9), the stirrer (7) moves to stir the powdery soil sample, and the stirring blade (9) is driven to stir the powdery soil sample; a heating plate (5) in a disc shape is arranged at the lower part of the stirring blade (9), the stirring blade vibrates and rotates at a low speed, and the heating plate (5) heats the powdery soil sample to remove water; the lower part of the bin is provided with a material discharge port (4), and the material discharge port (4) can be opened and closed controllably.
Further, the agitator (7) comprises: the device comprises an air inflation pipeline (71), a horizontal poking wheel (72), a mixing ring (73), a rubber hemisphere (74), a gas release control port (75), a dragon (76) and a whole sphere push rod (77); a rubber hemisphere (74) positioned at the left side, a hollow shell structure, a hemisphere, a rubber material with the bottom left; the rubber semi-sphere is positioned on the right side of the rubber semi-sphere (74), a non-standard semi-sphere is arranged, the bottom of the rubber semi-sphere is right, the rubber semi-sphere and the rubber semi-sphere are made of metal materials, the rubber semi-sphere and the rubber semi-sphere are oppositely and hermetically buckled to form a whole sphere, a left-right direction slideway is arranged at the most protruded part of the waist of the whole sphere, a mixing ring (73) is arranged around the most protruded part of the waist of the whole sphere, the whole sphere is positioned in the mixing ring (73), the whole sphere is connected with the mixing ring (73) in; the left side of the rubber hemisphere (74) is provided with a gas release control port (75), and the rubber hemisphere (74) is communicated with the gas release control port (75); the whole sphere pushing rod (77) is positioned on the right side of the whole sphere, and the whole sphere moves left and right under the drive of the whole sphere pushing rod (77); the whole sphere is communicated with an air charging pipeline (71) on the right side of the whole sphere; the mixing ring (73) rotates around the self axis in the vertical plane; the horizontal poking wheel (72) is arranged on the right side of the mixing ring (73), and the horizontal poking wheel (72) rotates along with the mixing ring (73); the flood dragon (76) is arranged on the periphery of the outer side of the mixing ring (73), and the flood dragon (76) is fixedly connected with the mixing ring (73); the flood dragon (76) is cylindrical, obliquely arranged and through up and down, and the flood dragon (76) rotates along with the mixing ring (73).
Further, the flood dragon (76) comprises: a feed inlet (761), a high-pressure gas releaser (762), a sundries filtering device (763), a mixing and stirring device (764), a rotating column (765) and a discharge outlet (766); the outer shell of the flood dragon (76) is of a steel plate structure, and a plurality of through holes are punched in the surface of the outer shell; the feed inlet (761) is communicated with the discharge outlet (766) left and right; the high-pressure gas releaser (762) positioned on the left side is communicated with the external air pump through the external air pump, high-speed airflow generated by the external air pump drives the powdery soil sample to accelerate and spray rightwards through the high-pressure gas releaser (762) inside the flood dragon (76), a rotating column (765) is arranged inside the flood dragon (76) and rotates around the axis of the rotating column (765), and the rotating column (765) is fixedly connected with the peripheral mixing and stirring device (764); and a sundries filtering device (763) is arranged at the upper part of the high-pressure gas releaser (762).
Further, the mixing ring (73) comprises: a coil spring (731), injecting high pressure gas (732), a rotary drive (733), a rotary base (734), an extension bar (735); a flood dragon (76); the spring ring (731) on the right side is made of spring steel, designed in a circular spiral manner and extends left and right; a rotating base (734) is arranged on the left side of the spring ring (731), extension rods (735) are arranged outside the rotating base (734), the rotating base (734) and the extension rods are fixedly connected, the number of the extension rods (735) is 6, the extension rods are arranged at equal intervals, the extension of the extension rods (735) is controllable, flood dragon (76) is arranged at the far end of each extension rod (735), and the extension rods are fixedly connected; a rotary drive (733) is arranged at the lower part of the rotary base (734), the rotary drive (733) enables the rotary base (734) to rotate, and the rotary drive (733) drives the rotary base (734) and the extension rod (735) to rotate on the vertical surface; the lower part of the spring ring (731) is provided with a high-pressure jet gas (732), and the high-pressure jet gas (732) jets cleaning gas to the upper spring ring (731).
Further, the spring coil (731) includes: an upper hollowed plate (7311), a limiting mover (7312), an elastic steel ring (7313), a toothed guide rail (7314), an upper sliding rod (7315), a lower sliding rod (7315), a hollowed plate drive (7316), a return pulling device (7317), and a collision-reducing device (7318); a circular hollow hole with the diameter equal to that of the elastic steel ring (7313) is arranged in the middle of the upper hollow plate (7311) at the top and is fixedly connected with the top of the elastic steel ring (7313); the elastic steel ring (7313) is made of elastic metal, and the bottom of the elastic steel ring is fixedly connected with the base; four corners of the upper hollow plate (7311) are connected with an upper sliding rod (7315) and a lower sliding rod (7315) in a sliding manner, the upper sliding rod (7315) and the lower sliding rod (7315) are fixed on the base, and the periphery of the upper sliding rod (7315) is sleeved with a return pulling device (7317); a hollow-out plate drive (7316) is arranged on one side of the base, and the hollow-out plate drive (7316) is in transmission connection with the upper hollow-out plate (7311) through a toothed guide rail (7314); a limiting mover (7312) is arranged on one side of the elastic steel ring (7313), the limiting mover (7312) is used for locking the elastic steel ring (7313) and limiting the extension and contraction of the elastic steel ring (7313); a shock-absorbing device (7318) is arranged on the top of the upper and lower sliding rods (7315) to limit the highest position of the upper hollow plate (7311) moving upwards.
Further, the bump mitigation device (7318) includes: tank air intake (73181), reverse acting rubber plate (73182), annular bag (73183), air storage tank (73184), tank deflation valve (73185), rubber connecting rod (73186), bag deflation valve (73187); an upper hollow plate (7311), an upper and a lower slide bar (7315); the reverse acting rubber plate (73182) positioned at the top is fixedly connected with the upper and lower sliding rods (7315); the lower part of the reverse action rubber plate (73182) is provided with an annular bag (73183), the annular bag (73183) is made of high-elasticity rubber material, and the annular structure and the interior of the annular bag are filled with gas; a gas storage tank (73184) is arranged in the middle of a circular ring of the annular bag (73183), the gas storage tank (73184) stores high-pressure gas, one end of the gas storage tank (73184) is communicated with an external air pump through a tank air inlet (73181), and the other end of the gas storage tank (73184) is communicated with the annular bag (73183) through a tank air release valve (73185); one side of the annular sac (73183) is provided with a sac deflation valve (73187) which are communicated; the tank deflation valve (73185) is an electrically controlled opening and closing valve, one side of the tank deflation valve (73185) is provided with a rubber connecting rod (73186), and the two are connected with the controller (3) through a pressure sensor; the rubber connecting rod (73186) is made of elastic rubber material and is in a sleeve structure, and the rubber connecting rod is sleeved outside the upper sliding rod (7315) and the lower sliding rod (7315) and is in sliding connection with the upper sliding rod and the lower sliding rod.
Further, the working method of the device comprises the following steps:
step 1: in the operation of a moisture evaporation device for remotely sensing and monitoring the humidity of near-surface soil, a controller (3) receives signals through a receiving antenna (8) and controls a sealing cover at the top to be opened, a soil sample enters a bin from a material inlet, the sealing cover is closed, and a pulverizer (1) pulverizes the soil sample into powder; the dispersion plate (6) uniformly distributes the powdery soil sample into the lower chamber; the dispersion plate (6) is provided with a weight sensing probe for detecting the weight of the soil; the stirrer (7) moves to stir the powdery soil sample, and simultaneously drives the stirring blade (9) to stir the powdery soil sample; the heating plate (5) vibrates and rotates at a low speed, and the powdery soil sample is heated to remove water; the vacuum extraction pipe (2) starts to work, the bin is vacuumized, and the powdery soil sample is vacuumized to remove moisture; the vacuum extraction pipe (2) is connected with an external moisture analyzer to monitor the moisture of the soil sample in real time; finally, the soil sample is discharged from a material discharge port (4);
step 2: when the stirrer (7) works, the whole ball body pushing rod (77) drives the whole ball body to slide left and right in the mixing ring (73) for hammering the powdery soil sample and promoting the water to be discharged; the rubber hemisphere (74) at the left half part of the whole sphere realizes the expansion and contraction of the rubber hemisphere (74) in the inflating process of the inflating pipeline (71) and the deflating process of the gas releasing control port (75), and is used for hammering the powdery soil sample and promoting the discharge of water; the mixing ring (73) rotates around the vertical surface of the shaft of the mixing ring at a low speed to drive the flood dragon (76) to rotate, so that the powdery soil sample is stirred; the horizontal poking wheel (72) rotates around the vertical surface of the shaft of the horizontal poking wheel at a low speed to stir the powdery soil sample;
and 3, step 3: in the working process of the flood dragon (76), high-speed airflow generated by an external air pump drives a powdery soil sample to accelerate to jet rightwards through a high-pressure air releaser (762) inside the flood dragon (76); the impurity filtering device (763) filters the soil sample passing through the powder; the rotating column (765) drives the mixing and stirring device (764) to disperse and stir the powdery soil sample;
and 4, step 4: during the operation of the mixing ring (73), the spring ring (731) can be extended left and right in a controllable way, and the shaking is carried out on the passing powdery soil samples, so that the powdery soil samples are mutually dispersed; the rotary drive (733) drives the rotary base (734), the extension rod (735) and the vertical surface of the flood dragon (76) to rotate at a low speed, so that the powdery soil sample is stirred; the length of the stretching rod (735) is adjusted to improve the stirring effect; the high-pressure gas (732) is sprayed to spray cleaning gas to the spring ring (731) at the upper part, so that the spring ring (731) can be kept clean;
and 5, step 5: during the operation of the spring ring (731), the hollow plate drive (7316) drives the top of the elastic steel ring (7313) to move up and down through the toothed guide rail (7314) and the upper hollow plate (7311), so as to realize the extension and contraction of the elastic steel ring (7313); the return drawing device (7317) causes the upper hollowed-out plate (7311) moving to the bottommost part to move reversely; the movement limiting device (7312) is inserted, so that the elastic steel ring (7313) is locked, and the stretching and contracting movement of the elastic steel ring (7313) is limited; a bump relief device (7318) for limiting the highest position of upward movement of the upper hollowed-out plate (7311);
and 6, step 6: when the impact-relieving device (7318) works, when the upper hollow plate (7311) moves upwards along the upper and lower sliding rods (7315), the upper hollow plate contacts the rubber connecting rod (73186) to cause the upper hollow plate to deform, so that the pressure sensor is triggered to work, the pressure sensor generates an electric signal to the controller (3), the tank deflation valve (73185) is controlled to deflate, the air storage tank (73184) is caused to inflate and expand for the annular bag (73183), and the impact of the upper hollow plate (7311) on equipment is relieved; when the pressure inside the annular balloon (73183) exceeds a limit value, the balloon deflation (73187) works to release the gas with the pressure exceeding the value inside.
The invention has the advantages that: the structure is reasonable and compact, the use effect is good, the process is novel, and the application range of the equipment is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a water evaporation device for remotely monitoring the humidity of soil near the surface of the earth according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a view of the stirrer 7 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows a flood dragon 76 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the mixing ring 73 according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a view of the extendable sleeve 731 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of a buffer 7318 according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The moisture evaporation device for remotely sensing and monitoring the humidity of the near-surface soil provided by the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a water evaporation device for remotely monitoring the humidity of soil near the surface of the earth according to the invention. The method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a pulverizer (1), a vacuum extraction pipe (2), a controller (3), a material discharge port (4), a heating plate (5), a dispersion plate (6), a stirrer (7), a receiving antenna (8) and a stirring blade (9); a material inlet is formed in the upper part of the pulverizer (1), a sealing cover is arranged on the upper part of the material inlet, and a soil sample enters from the material inlet; the pulverizer (1) is communicated up and down, and the pulverizer (1) pulverizes the soil sample into powder; a dispersion plate (6) is arranged at the lower part of the pulverizer (1), and a large number of through holes are arranged on the disc-shaped surface of the pulverizer, so that the pulverizer vibrates and rotates at a low speed; the dispersion plate (6) uniformly distributes the powdery soil sample into the lower chamber; one side of the bin is communicated with a vacuum exhaust pipe (2), and when the vacuum exhaust pipe (2) works, the bin is vacuumized, and a powdery soil sample is vacuumized to remove moisture; the controller (3) is arranged outside the bin, the receiving antenna (8) is arranged at the top of the bin, and the controller (3) is connected with the receiving antenna (8) through a lead; a stirrer (7) is arranged at the lower part of the dispersion plate (6), the stirrer (7) is suspended above the heating plate (5), the stirrer (7) is fixedly connected with a stirring blade (9), the stirrer (7) moves to stir the powdery soil sample, and the stirring blade (9) is driven to stir the powdery soil sample; a heating plate (5) in a disc shape is arranged at the lower part of the stirring blade (9), the stirring blade vibrates and rotates at a low speed, and the heating plate (5) heats the powdery soil sample to remove water; the lower part of the bin is provided with a material discharge port (4), and the material discharge port (4) can be opened and closed controllably.
FIG. 2 is a view of the stirrer 7 of the present invention. The agitator (7) comprises: the device comprises an air inflation pipeline (71), a horizontal poking wheel (72), a mixing ring (73), a rubber hemisphere (74), a gas release control port (75), a dragon (76) and a whole sphere push rod (77); a rubber hemisphere (74) positioned at the left side, a hollow shell structure, a hemisphere, a rubber material with the bottom left; the rubber semi-sphere is positioned on the right side of the rubber semi-sphere (74), a non-standard semi-sphere is arranged, the bottom of the rubber semi-sphere is right, the rubber semi-sphere and the rubber semi-sphere are made of metal materials, the rubber semi-sphere and the rubber semi-sphere are oppositely and hermetically buckled to form a whole sphere, a left-right direction slideway is arranged at the most protruded part of the waist of the whole sphere, a mixing ring (73) is arranged around the most protruded part of the waist of the whole sphere, the whole sphere is positioned in the mixing ring (73), the whole sphere is connected with the mixing ring (73) in; the left side of the rubber hemisphere (74) is provided with a gas release control port (75), and the rubber hemisphere (74) is communicated with the gas release control port (75); the whole sphere pushing rod (77) is positioned on the right side of the whole sphere, and the whole sphere moves left and right under the drive of the whole sphere pushing rod (77); the whole sphere is communicated with an air charging pipeline (71) on the right side of the whole sphere; the mixing ring (73) rotates around the self axis in the vertical plane; the horizontal poking wheel (72) is arranged on the right side of the mixing ring (73), and the horizontal poking wheel (72) rotates along with the mixing ring (73); the flood dragon (76) is arranged on the periphery of the outer side of the mixing ring (73), and the flood dragon (76) is fixedly connected with the mixing ring (73); the flood dragon (76) is cylindrical, obliquely arranged and through up and down, and the flood dragon (76) rotates along with the mixing ring (73).
Fig. 3 shows a flood dragon 76 of the present invention. The flood dragon (76) comprises: a feed inlet (761), a high-pressure gas releaser (762), a sundries filtering device (763), a mixing and stirring device (764), a rotating column (765) and a discharge outlet (766); the outer shell of the flood dragon (76) is of a steel plate structure, and a plurality of through holes are punched in the surface of the outer shell; the feed inlet (761) is communicated with the discharge outlet (766) left and right; the high-pressure gas releaser (762) positioned on the left side is communicated with the external air pump through the external air pump, high-speed airflow generated by the external air pump drives the powdery soil sample to accelerate and spray rightwards through the high-pressure gas releaser (762) inside the flood dragon (76), a rotating column (765) is arranged inside the flood dragon (76) and rotates around the axis of the rotating column (765), and the rotating column (765) is fixedly connected with the peripheral mixing and stirring device (764); and a sundries filtering device (763) is arranged at the upper part of the high-pressure gas releaser (762).
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the mixing ring 73 according to the present invention. The mixing ring (73) comprises: a coil spring (731), injecting high pressure gas (732), a rotary drive (733), a rotary base (734), an extension bar (735); a flood dragon (76); the spring ring (731) on the right side is made of spring steel, designed in a circular spiral manner and extends left and right; a rotating base (734) is arranged on the left side of the spring ring (731), extension rods (735) are arranged outside the rotating base (734), the rotating base (734) and the extension rods are fixedly connected, the number of the extension rods (735) is 6, the extension rods are arranged at equal intervals, the extension of the extension rods (735) is controllable, flood dragon (76) is arranged at the far end of each extension rod (735), and the extension rods are fixedly connected; a rotary drive (733) is arranged at the lower part of the rotary base (734), the rotary drive (733) enables the rotary base (734) to rotate, and the rotary drive (733) drives the rotary base (734) and the extension rod (735) to rotate on the vertical surface; the lower part of the spring ring (731) is provided with a high-pressure jet gas (732), and the high-pressure jet gas (732) jets cleaning gas to the upper spring ring (731).
Fig. 5 is a view of the extendable sleeve 731 of the present invention. The spring coil (731) includes: an upper hollowed plate (7311), a limiting mover (7312), an elastic steel ring (7313), a toothed guide rail (7314), an upper sliding rod (7315), a lower sliding rod (7315), a hollowed plate drive (7316), a return pulling device (7317), and a collision-reducing device (7318); a circular hollow hole with the diameter equal to that of the elastic steel ring (7313) is arranged in the middle of the upper hollow plate (7311) at the top and is fixedly connected with the top of the elastic steel ring (7313); the elastic steel ring (7313) is made of elastic metal, and the bottom of the elastic steel ring is fixedly connected with the base; four corners of the upper hollow plate (7311) are connected with an upper sliding rod (7315) and a lower sliding rod (7315) in a sliding manner, the upper sliding rod (7315) and the lower sliding rod (7315) are fixed on the base, and the periphery of the upper sliding rod (7315) is sleeved with a return pulling device (7317); a hollow-out plate drive (7316) is arranged on one side of the base, and the hollow-out plate drive (7316) is in transmission connection with the upper hollow-out plate (7311) through a toothed guide rail (7314); a limiting mover (7312) is arranged on one side of the elastic steel ring (7313), the limiting mover (7312) is used for locking the elastic steel ring (7313) and limiting the extension and contraction of the elastic steel ring (7313); a shock-absorbing device (7318) is arranged on the top of the upper and lower sliding rods (7315) to limit the highest position of the upper hollow plate (7311) moving upwards.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of a buffer 7318 according to the present invention. The bump mitigation device (7318) includes: tank air intake (73181), reverse acting rubber plate (73182), annular bag (73183), air storage tank (73184), tank deflation valve (73185), rubber connecting rod (73186), bag deflation valve (73187); an upper hollow plate (7311), an upper and a lower slide bar (7315); the reverse acting rubber plate (73182) positioned at the top is fixedly connected with the upper and lower sliding rods (7315); the lower part of the reverse action rubber plate (73182) is provided with an annular bag (73183), the annular bag (73183) is made of high-elasticity rubber material, and the annular structure and the interior of the annular bag are filled with gas; a gas storage tank (73184) is arranged in the middle of a circular ring of the annular bag (73183), the gas storage tank (73184) stores high-pressure gas, one end of the gas storage tank (73184) is communicated with an external air pump through a tank air inlet (73181), and the other end of the gas storage tank (73184) is communicated with the annular bag (73183) through a tank air release valve (73185); one side of the annular sac (73183) is provided with a sac deflation valve (73187) which are communicated; the tank deflation valve (73185) is an electrically controlled opening and closing valve, one side of the tank deflation valve (73185) is provided with a rubber connecting rod (73186), and the two are connected with the controller (3) through a pressure sensor; the rubber connecting rod (73186) is made of elastic rubber material and is in a sleeve structure, and the rubber connecting rod is sleeved outside the upper sliding rod (7315) and the lower sliding rod (7315) and is in sliding connection with the upper sliding rod and the lower sliding rod.
Claims (7)
1. A moisture evaporation device for remotely sensing and monitoring near-surface soil humidity comprises: the device comprises a pulverizer (1), a vacuum extraction pipe (2), a controller (3), a material discharge port (4), a heating plate (5), a dispersion plate (6), a stirrer (7), a receiving antenna (8) and a stirring blade (9);
the device is characterized in that a material inlet is formed in the upper part of the pulverizer (1), a sealing cover is arranged on the upper part of the material inlet, and a soil sample enters from the material inlet; the pulverizer (1) is communicated up and down, and the pulverizer (1) pulverizes the soil sample into powder; a dispersion plate (6) is arranged at the lower part of the pulverizer (1), and a large number of through holes are arranged on the disc-shaped surface of the pulverizer, so that the pulverizer vibrates and rotates at a low speed; the dispersion plate (6) uniformly distributes the powdery soil sample into the lower chamber; one side of the bin is communicated with a vacuum exhaust pipe (2), and when the vacuum exhaust pipe (2) works, the bin is vacuumized, and a powdery soil sample is vacuumized to remove moisture; the controller (3) is arranged outside the bin, the receiving antenna (8) is arranged at the top of the bin, and the controller (3) is connected with the receiving antenna (8) through a lead; a stirrer (7) is arranged at the lower part of the dispersion plate (6), the stirrer (7) is suspended above the heating plate (5), the stirrer (7) is fixedly connected with a stirring blade (9), the stirrer (7) moves to stir the powdery soil sample, and the stirring blade (9) is driven to stir the powdery soil sample; a heating plate (5) in a disc shape is arranged at the lower part of the stirring blade (9), the stirring blade vibrates and rotates at a low speed, and the heating plate (5) heats the powdery soil sample to remove water; the lower part of the bin is provided with a material discharge port (4), and the material discharge port (4) can be opened and closed controllably.
2. The device for remote sensing of moisture content in soil moisture near the surface of the earth as claimed in claim 1, wherein the agitator (7) comprises: the device comprises an air inflation pipeline (71), a horizontal poking wheel (72), a mixing ring (73), a rubber hemisphere (74), a gas release control port (75), a dragon (76) and a whole sphere push rod (77);
a rubber hemisphere (74) positioned at the left side, a hollow shell structure, a hemisphere, a rubber material with the bottom left; the rubber semi-sphere is positioned on the right side of the rubber semi-sphere (74), a non-standard semi-sphere is arranged, the bottom of the rubber semi-sphere is right, the rubber semi-sphere and the rubber semi-sphere are made of metal materials, the rubber semi-sphere and the rubber semi-sphere are oppositely and hermetically buckled to form a whole sphere, a left-right direction slideway is arranged at the most protruded part of the waist of the whole sphere, a mixing ring (73) is arranged around the most protruded part of the waist of the whole sphere, the whole sphere is positioned in the mixing ring (73), the whole sphere is connected with the mixing ring (73) in; the left side of the rubber hemisphere (74) is provided with a gas release control port (75), and the rubber hemisphere (74) is communicated with the gas release control port (75); the whole sphere pushing rod (77) is positioned on the right side of the whole sphere, and the whole sphere moves left and right under the drive of the whole sphere pushing rod (77); the whole sphere is communicated with an air charging pipeline (71) on the right side of the whole sphere; the mixing ring (73) rotates around the self axis in the vertical plane; the horizontal poking wheel (72) is arranged on the right side of the mixing ring (73), and the horizontal poking wheel (72) rotates along with the mixing ring (73); the flood dragon (76) is arranged on the periphery of the outer side of the mixing ring (73), and the flood dragon (76) is fixedly connected with the mixing ring (73); the flood dragon (76) is cylindrical, obliquely arranged and through up and down, and the flood dragon (76) rotates along with the mixing ring (73).
3. The moisture evaporation device for remotely sensing and monitoring the humidity of soil near the surface of a ground according to claim 2, wherein the flood dragon (76) comprises: a feed inlet (761), a high-pressure gas releaser (762), a sundries filtering device (763), a mixing and stirring device (764), a rotating column (765) and a discharge outlet (766);
the outer shell of the flood dragon (76) is of a steel plate structure, and a plurality of through holes are punched in the surface of the outer shell; the feed inlet (761) is communicated with the discharge outlet (766) left and right; the high-pressure gas releaser (762) positioned on the left side is communicated with the external air pump through the external air pump, high-speed airflow generated by the external air pump drives the powdery soil sample to accelerate and spray rightwards through the high-pressure gas releaser (762) inside the flood dragon (76), a rotating column (765) is arranged inside the flood dragon (76) and rotates around the axis of the rotating column (765), and the rotating column (765) is fixedly connected with the peripheral mixing and stirring device (764); and a sundries filtering device (763) is arranged at the upper part of the high-pressure gas releaser (762).
4. A moisture evaporation apparatus for remotely monitoring the moisture of near-surface soil as claimed in claim 3, wherein said mixing ring (73) comprises: a coil spring (731), injecting high pressure gas (732), a rotary drive (733), a rotary base (734), an extension bar (735); a flood dragon (76);
the spring ring (731) on the right side is made of spring steel, designed in a circular spiral manner and extends left and right; a rotating base (734) is arranged on the left side of the spring ring (731), extension rods (735) are arranged outside the rotating base (734), the rotating base (734) and the extension rods are fixedly connected, the number of the extension rods (735) is 6, the extension rods are arranged at equal intervals, the extension of the extension rods (735) is controllable, flood dragon (76) is arranged at the far end of each extension rod (735), and the extension rods are fixedly connected; a rotary drive (733) is arranged at the lower part of the rotary base (734), the rotary drive (733) enables the rotary base (734) to rotate, and the rotary drive (733) drives the rotary base (734) and the extension rod (735) to rotate on the vertical surface; the lower part of the spring ring (731) is provided with a high-pressure jet gas (732), and the high-pressure jet gas (732) jets cleaning gas to the upper spring ring (731).
5. The device for remotely monitoring moisture in near-surface soil according to claim 4, wherein said spring coil (731) comprises: an upper hollowed plate (7311), a limiting mover (7312), an elastic steel ring (7313), a toothed guide rail (7314), an upper sliding rod (7315), a lower sliding rod (7315), a hollowed plate drive (7316), a return pulling device (7317), and a collision-reducing device (7318);
a circular hollow hole with the diameter equal to that of the elastic steel ring (7313) is arranged in the middle of the upper hollow plate (7311) at the top and is fixedly connected with the top of the elastic steel ring (7313); the elastic steel ring (7313) is made of elastic metal, and the bottom of the elastic steel ring is fixedly connected with the base; four corners of the upper hollow plate (7311) are connected with an upper sliding rod (7315) and a lower sliding rod (7315) in a sliding manner, the upper sliding rod (7315) and the lower sliding rod (7315) are fixed on the base, and the periphery of the upper sliding rod (7315) is sleeved with a return pulling device (7317); a hollow-out plate drive (7316) is arranged on one side of the base, and the hollow-out plate drive (7316) is in transmission connection with the upper hollow-out plate (7311) through a toothed guide rail (7314); a limiting mover (7312) is arranged on one side of the elastic steel ring (7313), the limiting mover (7312) is used for locking the elastic steel ring (7313) and limiting the extension and contraction of the elastic steel ring (7313); a shock-absorbing device (7318) is arranged on the top of the upper and lower sliding rods (7315) to limit the highest position of the upper hollow plate (7311) moving upwards.
6. The device for remotely monitoring moisture content of near-surface soil according to claim 5, wherein said impact mitigation device (7318) comprises: tank air intake (73181), reverse acting rubber plate (73182), annular bag (73183), air storage tank (73184), tank deflation valve (73185), rubber connecting rod (73186), bag deflation valve (73187); an upper hollow plate (7311), an upper and a lower slide bar (7315);
the reverse acting rubber plate (73182) positioned at the top is fixedly connected with the upper and lower sliding rods (7315); the lower part of the reverse action rubber plate (73182) is provided with an annular bag (73183), the annular bag (73183) is made of high-elasticity rubber material, and the annular structure and the interior of the annular bag are filled with gas; a gas storage tank (73184) is arranged in the middle of a circular ring of the annular bag (73183), the gas storage tank (73184) stores high-pressure gas, one end of the gas storage tank (73184) is communicated with an external air pump through a tank air inlet (73181), and the other end of the gas storage tank (73184) is communicated with the annular bag (73183) through a tank air release valve (73185); one side of the annular sac (73183) is provided with a sac deflation valve (73187) which are communicated; the tank deflation valve (73185) is an electrically controlled opening and closing valve, one side of the tank deflation valve (73185) is provided with a rubber connecting rod (73186), and the two are connected with the controller (3) through a pressure sensor; the rubber connecting rod (73186) is made of elastic rubber material and is in a sleeve structure, and the rubber connecting rod is sleeved outside the upper sliding rod (7315) and the lower sliding rod (7315) and is in sliding connection with the upper sliding rod and the lower sliding rod.
7. The moisture evaporation device for remotely monitoring the humidity of the soil near the surface of the earth as claimed in claim 6, wherein the working method of the device comprises the following steps:
step 1: in the operation of a moisture evaporation device for remotely sensing and monitoring the humidity of near-surface soil, a controller (3) receives signals through a receiving antenna (8) and controls a sealing cover at the top to be opened, a soil sample enters a bin from a material inlet, the sealing cover is closed, and a pulverizer (1) pulverizes the soil sample into powder; the dispersion plate (6) uniformly distributes the powdery soil sample into the lower chamber; the dispersion plate (6) is provided with a weight sensing probe for detecting the weight of the soil; the stirrer (7) moves to stir the powdery soil sample, and simultaneously drives the stirring blade (9) to stir the powdery soil sample; the heating plate (5) vibrates and rotates at a low speed, and the powdery soil sample is heated to remove water; the vacuum extraction pipe (2) starts to work, the bin is vacuumized, and the powdery soil sample is vacuumized to remove moisture; the vacuum extraction pipe (2) is connected with an external moisture analyzer to monitor the moisture of the soil sample in real time; finally, the soil sample is discharged from a material discharge port (4);
step 2: when the stirrer (7) works, the whole ball body pushing rod (77) drives the whole ball body to slide left and right in the mixing ring (73) for hammering the powdery soil sample and promoting the water to be discharged; the rubber hemisphere (74) at the left half part of the whole sphere realizes the expansion and contraction of the rubber hemisphere (74) in the inflating process of the inflating pipeline (71) and the deflating process of the gas releasing control port (75), and is used for hammering the powdery soil sample and promoting the discharge of water; the mixing ring (73) rotates around the vertical surface of the shaft of the mixing ring at a low speed to drive the flood dragon (76) to rotate, so that the powdery soil sample is stirred; the horizontal poking wheel (72) rotates around the vertical surface of the shaft of the horizontal poking wheel at a low speed to stir the powdery soil sample;
and 3, step 3: in the working process of the flood dragon (76), high-speed airflow generated by an external air pump drives a powdery soil sample to accelerate to jet rightwards through a high-pressure air releaser (762) inside the flood dragon (76); the impurity filtering device (763) filters the soil sample passing through the powder; the rotating column (765) drives the mixing and stirring device (764) to disperse and stir the powdery soil sample;
and 4, step 4: during the operation of the mixing ring (73), the spring ring (731) can be extended left and right in a controllable way, and the shaking is carried out on the passing powdery soil samples, so that the powdery soil samples are mutually dispersed; the rotary drive (733) drives the rotary base (734), the extension rod (735) and the vertical surface of the flood dragon (76) to rotate at a low speed, so that the powdery soil sample is stirred; the length of the stretching rod (735) is adjusted to improve the stirring effect; the high-pressure gas (732) is sprayed to spray cleaning gas to the spring ring (731) at the upper part, so that the spring ring (731) can be kept clean;
and 5, step 5: during the operation of the spring ring (731), the hollow plate drive (7316) drives the top of the elastic steel ring (7313) to move up and down through the toothed guide rail (7314) and the upper hollow plate (7311), so as to realize the extension and contraction of the elastic steel ring (7313); the return drawing device (7317) causes the upper hollowed-out plate (7311) moving to the bottommost part to move reversely; the movement limiting device (7312) is inserted, so that the elastic steel ring (7313) is locked, and the stretching and contracting movement of the elastic steel ring (7313) is limited; a bump relief device (7318) for limiting the highest position of upward movement of the upper hollowed-out plate (7311);
and 6, step 6: when the impact-relieving device (7318) works, when the upper hollow plate (7311) moves upwards along the upper and lower sliding rods (7315), the upper hollow plate contacts the rubber connecting rod (73186) to cause the upper hollow plate to deform, so that the pressure sensor is triggered to work, the pressure sensor generates an electric signal to the controller (3), the tank deflation valve (73185) is controlled to deflate, the air storage tank (73184) is caused to inflate and expand for the annular bag (73183), and the impact of the upper hollow plate (7311) on equipment is relieved; when the pressure inside the annular balloon (73183) exceeds a limit value, the balloon deflation (73187) works to release the gas with the pressure exceeding the value inside.
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