CN113072552A - β-咔波啉类GSK3β/DYRK1A双重抑制剂及其制备方法和抗阿尔兹海默病的应用 - Google Patents
β-咔波啉类GSK3β/DYRK1A双重抑制剂及其制备方法和抗阿尔兹海默病的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113072552A CN113072552A CN202110237517.2A CN202110237517A CN113072552A CN 113072552 A CN113072552 A CN 113072552A CN 202110237517 A CN202110237517 A CN 202110237517A CN 113072552 A CN113072552 A CN 113072552A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种通式I所示的β‑咔波啉类GSK3β/DYRK1A双重抑制剂及其制备方法和抗阿尔兹海默病的应用,本发明的新型β‑咔波啉衍生物具有GSK3β/DYRK1A双重抑制活性,并提供所述β‑咔波啉类衍生物作为GSK3β/DYRK1A双重抑制剂的制备方法,同时还指出β‑咔波啉类衍生物在制备治疗阿尔兹海默病药物中的应用。该类β‑咔波啉衍生物可为发现新的AD治疗药物提供理论依据。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机化合物合成与医药应用技术领域,具体涉及β-咔波啉类GSK-3β/DYRK1A双重抑制剂及其制备方法和抗阿尔兹海默病的用途。
背景技术
阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)是一种常见的进行性神经退行性疾病,临床表现为记忆功能的进行性衰退、认知功能障碍、语言及社交功能减退,乃至人格改变及生活能力丧失等症状。由于对其病理生物学的分子基础认识有限,至今尚无有效的治疗方法。如果近年没有有效药物被发现,将给社会带来沉重的医疗负担。当前,美国食品药物监督管理局(FDA)批准用于治疗A D的药物只有胆碱酯酶(cholinesterase,ChE)抑制剂和N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(N-methyl-D-aspartic acid,NMDA)受体非竞争性拮抗剂。而这些药物仅能缓解轻中度AD,无法阻止疾病的进展。
AD的发病机制复杂,往往涉及多个相互关联的因素。随着抗AD药物发现的持续失败,引发了人们对经典范式“一种药物,一种靶点,一种疾病”的质疑,而多靶点药物的开发似乎是恢复复杂疾病网络和抗AD的最佳方法。近年来,MTDLs的开发已成为设计新型抗AD药物的热门研究领域之一,涉及的靶标包括糖原合成激酶3β(Glycogen synthase kinase-3β,GSK-3β),双底物特异性酪氨酸磷酸化调节激酶A(Dual specificity tyrosinephosphorylation regulated kinase 1A,DYRK1A),乙酰胆碱酯酶(Acetylcholinesterase,AChE)等。
糖原合成激酶3β(Glycogen synthase kinase-3β,GSK-3β)是一种丝/苏氨酸蛋白激酶,其在中枢神经系统中最为丰富,表达水平随着年龄的增长而增加,其在AD患者的大脑中过度活跃,是抗AD治疗的一个经典靶点。越来越多的研究表明:一方面,GSK-3β介导tau蛋白的过度磷酸化,使神经纤维缠结增多从而产生神经毒性;另一方面,GSK-3β的激活可调节APP的裂解并介导β-分泌酶过度激活,从而参与AD脑内Aβ的形成和积累,并参与大脑老化。除此之外,GSK-3β激活引起tau蛋白的过度磷酸化,还可使微管蛋白解聚,影响轴突运输功能,并能促进乙酰胆碱酯酶的表达,进而使乙酰胆碱含量大量降低,影响认知功能。
双底物特异性酪氨酸磷酸化调节激酶A(Dual Specificity TyrosinePhosphorylation Regulated Kinase 1A,DYRK1A)位于哺乳动物21号染色体,主要参与大脑生长、神经元发育、突触传递等过程,但过度活跃被证明与认知障碍和AD的早期发作有关。随着对DYRK1A的认识,发现DYRK1A在散发性AD患者中的表达异常高。迄今为止,在tau蛋白上有11个不同的丝氨酸/苏氨酸残基可以被DYRK1A磷酸化。这种异常的磷酸化导致轴突运输的丧失,并促进tau自身聚集和纤维化,此外,DYRK1A还通过稳定tau的mRNA编码进而增强tau的表达。这些广泛的研究表明DYRK1A可作为一个潜在的药物靶点来改善AD人群的认知缺陷,DYRK1A的抑制可为治疗AD提供了一种新的治疗方法。
GSK-3β和DYRK1A是tau磷酸化过程中两个关键激酶,在tau磷酸化过程中起到协同作用。DYRK1A是GSK-3β信号传导的启动激酶,DYRK1A对tau蛋白特定残基的磷酸化是随后GSK-3β对不同残基磷酸化的先决条件,因为只有在tau蛋白上存在磷酸化的丝氨酸或苏氨酸残基时,tau才会发生有效的磷酸化。此外,Wnt信号通路的失调与tau的过度磷酸化和聚集相关,而GSK-3β和DYRK1A都在Wnt信号通路中参与了重要的作用,所以同时抑制GSK-3β和DYRK1A这两个关键靶点将会有效的抑制tau的过度磷酸化,进而恢复tau蛋白正常功能并抑制神经元纤维缠结的产生,是十分有前景的抗AD治疗的新策略。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明的目的在于提供一种具有GSK-3β/DYRK1A双重抑制活性的新型β-咔波啉衍生物。本发明的另一个目的是提供所述β-咔波啉类衍生物作为GSK-3β/DYRK1A双重抑制剂的制备方法,同时还指出β-咔波啉类衍生物在制备治疗阿尔兹海默病药物中的应用。技术方案:
一种通式I所示的β-咔波啉类化合物或其药学上可用的盐:
其中,R1为苯环上的取代基,选自F、Cl、CN、CF3、OCF、OCH3、CONH2、COOCH3、CHO、苯基和吡啶基,所述苯基和吡啶基包括取代和未取代的苯基和吡啶基;
R2和R3分别为1位和3位上的取代基,R2和R3选自:
R4选自1,3,4-三氮唑,1,2,3,4-四氮唑;n为1或者2。
作为优选,一种通式I所示的β-咔波啉类化合物或其药学上可用的盐:
其中,R1=F,R2=H,或者R1=Cl,R2=H,或者R1=OCH3,R2=H,或者R1=OCF3,R2=H,或者R1=CF3,R2=H, 或者R1=CN,R2=H,或者R1=CN,R2=H,或者R1=COOCH3,R2=H,或者R1=COONH2,R2=H,或者R1=CHO,R2=H,或者R2=H,或者R2=H,或者R1=F,R3=H;或者R1=Cl,R3=H;或者R1=OCH3,R3=H;或者R1=OCF3,R3=H;或者R1=CF3,R3=H;或者R1=CN,R3=H;或者R1=CN, R3=H;或者R1=COOCH3,R3=H;或者R1=COONH2,R3=H;或者R1=CHO,R3=H;或者R3=H;或者R3=H;或者R3=H。
作为优选,下列β-咔波啉类化合物或其在药学上可用的盐,选自:
同时,本发明提供了一种所述β-咔波啉类化合物的制备方法,化合物ZDWX-3、ZDWX-4、ZDWX-5、ZDWX-6、ZDWX-7、ZDWX-8、ZDWX-9、ZDWX-10、ZDWX-11、ZDWX-12、ZDWX-13、ZDWX-14、ZDWX-15和ZDWX-16的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将化合物1溶于四氢呋喃THF中,加入吡啶作傅酸剂,滴加环丙基甲酰氯,反应得到化合物2;
(2)将化合物2溶于无水二氧六环中,加入醋酸钾、联硼酸频那醇酯和二(三苯基磷)氯化钯,反应得到化合物3;
(3)将化合物3溶于二氧六环和水中,加入碳酸铯、不同取代的硝基苯和二(三苯基磷)氯化钯Pd(dppf)Cl2,反应得到化合物4a、4b、4c、4d、4e、4f、4g和4h;
(4)将化合物4a溶于邻二氯苯中,加入三苯基磷反应得到化合物ZDWX-3和ZDWX-4;
或,以化合物4b的2-溴-5-氯硝基苯替代合成化合物4a的2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他步骤同(1)~(3),得到ZDWX-5和ZDWX-6;
或,以化合物4c的4-溴-3-硝基三氟甲氧基苯替代合成化合物4a的2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他步骤同(1)~(3),得到ZDWX-7和ZDWX-8;
或,以化合物4d的4-溴-3-硝基三氟甲基苯替代合成化合物4a的2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他步骤同(1)~(3),得到ZDWX-9和ZDWX-10;
或,以化合物4e的4-溴-3硝基苯甲醚替代合成化合物4a的2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他步骤同(1)~(3),得到ZDWX-11和ZDWX-12;
或,以化合物4f的4-溴-3硝基苯腈替代合成化合物4a的2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他步骤同(1)~(3),得到ZDWX-13和ZDWX-14;
或,以化合物4g的4-溴-3硝基苯甲醛替代合成化合物4a的2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他步骤同(1)~(3),得到ZDWX-15和ZDWX-16。
β-咔波啉类化合物的制备方法,ZDWX-17、ZDWX-18、ZDWX-19、ZDWX-20和ZDWX-21的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(A)将步骤(3)中得到的化合物4h的2,5-二溴硝基苯溶于二氧六环和水中,加入不同取代的苯硼酸、碳酸铯和二(三苯基磷)氯化钯,反应得到化合物5a、5b和5c;
(B)将化合物5a溶于邻二氯苯o-DCB中,加入三苯基磷PPh3反应得到化合物ZDWX-19;或,以对甲氧基苯硼酸替代苯硼酸合成5b,重复步骤(A)和(B),反应得到ZDWX-17和ZDWX-20;或,以3-吡啶硼酸替代苯硼酸合成5c,重复步骤(A)和(B),反应得到ZDWX-18和ZDWX-21。
β-咔波啉类化合物的制备方法,ZDWX-22、ZDWX-23、ZDWX-24和ZDWX-25的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)将化合物6溶于氯化亚砜SOCl2中,反应得到化合物7;
2)将化合物7缓慢滴入甲醇中,反应得到化合物8a;
3)将化合物8a溶于二氧六环和水中,加入化合物3、碳酸铯、和二(三苯基磷)氯化钯,反应得到化合物9a;
或,以氨水替代甲醇合成8b,重复步骤3),得到化合物9b;
4)将化合物9a溶于邻二氯苯o-DCB中,加入三苯基磷PPh3反应得到化合物ZDWX-24和ZDWX-25;
或,以9b替代9a,重复步骤4),得到ZDWX-22和ZDWX-23。
一种药物组合物,所述的β-咔波啉类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐以及药学上可接受的辅料。
所述β-咔波啉类化合物添加一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料制成制剂,所述制剂的剂型为胶囊剂、丸剂、片剂、颗粒剂或注射剂。
所述β-咔波啉类化合物或其药学上可用的盐在制备治疗阿尔兹海默症药物中的应用。
所述β-咔波啉类化合物或其药学上可用的盐在制备GSK-3β抑制剂或者DYRK1A抑制剂中的应用。
与现有的技术相比,本发明具有如下显著的特点:所涉及的化学小分子分子量小,亦透过血脑屏障,能够有效的抑制GSK-3β、DYRK1A的酶活力。本发明所涉及的β-咔波啉能够减少tau蛋白磷酸化,改善认知障碍。因此,该类化合物在制备预防或治疗阿尔茨海默症药物中具有重要作用。
附图说明
图1为化合物ZDWX-3到ZDWX-16制备方法示意图;
图2为化合物ZDWX-17到ZDWX-21制备方法示意图;
图3为化合物ZDWX-22到ZDWX-25制备方法示意图;
图4为目标化合物的跳跃稀释实验;
图5为目标化合物的酶促动力学实验(保持ATP浓度不变);
图6为目标化合物的酶促动力学实验(保持底物浓度不变);
图7为目标化合物ZDWX-25对肝细胞的毒性评价;
图8为目标化合物ZDWX-25对神经细胞的毒性评价;
图9为目标化合物ZDWX-25对tau蛋白磷酸化的影响;
图10为目标化合物ZDWX-25对P-tau S396水平的影响;
图11为目标化合物ZDWX-25对P-DYRK1A Tyr321/Tyr273水平的影响;
图12为目标化合物ZDWX-25对P-GSK-3βS9水平的影响;
图13逃逸潜伏期折线图;
图14逃逸潜伏期柱状图;
图15游泳速度示意图;
图16距离示意图;
图17穿越平台次数示意图;
图18为目标化合物ZDWX-25的轨迹图。
具体实施方式
以下结合说明书附图更详细的说明本发明。
本发明所用溶剂均为市售化学纯或分析纯。通过核磁共振(NMR)确定化合物的结构。NMR的测定是使用Bruker AVANCE-300/500核磁共振仪,测定的溶剂是CDCl3或DMSO-d6,内标为TMS。合成路线分成如图1-3所示的三条:
实施例1
N-(4-溴吡啶-2-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(化合物2)
将化合物4-溴-2-氨基吡啶(5g,28.90mmol)和吡啶(3.43g,43.35mmol)溶于THF(50ml)中,冰浴下缓慢滴入环丙烷甲酰氯(3.63g,34.68mmol)的THF溶液(20ml),反应4h后,蒸干反应液,再向其中加入冰水,抽滤,得到化合物2,为白色固体,产率90%。
实施例2
N-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼烷-2-基)吡啶-2-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(化合物3)
将化合物2(3g,12.44mmol)和联频哪醇硼酸酯(3.79g,14.93mmol)溶于无水二氧六环(50ml)中,加入KOAc(3.66g,37.33mmol)和Pd(dppf)Cl2,N2保护下,90℃反应12h后,浓缩反应液,向其中加入水后抽滤,依次用石油醚和乙腈洗涤滤饼得化合物3,为灰白色固体,产率80%。
实施例3
N-(4-(4-氟-2-硝基苯基)吡啶-2-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(化合物4a)
将化合物3(0.2g,0.9mmol)和2-溴-5-氟硝基苯(0.31g,1.09mmol)溶于二氧六环/水(8ml:2ml)中,加入CS2CO3(0.37g,2.73mmol)和Pd(dppf)Cl2,N2保护下,95℃反应10h后,浓缩反应液,加入乙酸乙酯,萃取,浓缩得到的中间体经过硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为淡黄色固体的化合物4a,产率85%。
实施例4
N-(4-(4-氯-2-硝基苯基)吡啶-2-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(化合物4b)
以2-溴-5-氯硝基苯替代2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他条件不变,重复实施例3的操作,得到化合物4b,产率90%。
实施例5
N-(4-(4-(三氟甲氧基)-2-硝基苯基)吡啶-2-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(化合物4c)
以4-溴-3硝基三氟甲氧基苯替代2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他条件不变,重复实施例3的操作,得到化合物4c,产率92%。
实施例6
N-(4-(4-(三氟甲基)-2-硝基苯基)吡啶-2-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(化合物4d)
以4-溴-3硝基三氟甲苯替代2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他条件不变,重复实施例3的操作,得到化合物4d,产率88%。
实施例7
N-(4-(4-甲氧基-2-硝基苯基)吡啶-2-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(化合物4e)
以4-溴-3硝基苯甲醚替代2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他条件不变,重复实施例3的操作,得到化合物4e,产率93%。
实施例8
N-(4-(4-氯-2-硝基苯基)吡啶-2-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(化合物4f)
以4-溴-3硝基苯腈替代2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他条件不变,重复实施例3的操作,得到化合物4f,产率75%。
实施例9
N-(4-(4-甲酰基-2-硝基苯基)吡啶-2-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(化合物4g)
以4-溴-3硝基苯甲醛替代2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他条件不变,重复实施例3的操作,得到化合物4g,产率82%。
实施例10
N-(4-(4-溴-2-硝基苯基)吡啶-2-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(化合物4h)
以2,5-二溴硝基苯替代2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他条件不变,重复实施例3的操作,得到化合物4h,产率82%
实施例11
N-(7-氟-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-3)
将化合物4a(0.2g,0.66mmol)和三苯基磷(0.43g,1.66mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为黄色固体的ZDWX-3,产率22%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.56(s,1H),10.67(s,1H),8.69(s,1H),8.60(s,1H),8.18(dd,J=8.6,5.6Hz,1H),7.33(dd,J=10.0,2.2Hz,1H),7.04(td,J=9.3,2.2Hz,1H),2.12–1.94(m,1H),0.94–0.70(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.03,163.84,144.33,142.75,134.22,131.43,129.76,123.82,118.00,107.96,104.06,98.51,14.45,7.58(2C).
实施例12
N-(7-氟-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-1-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-4)
将化合物4a(0.2g,0.66mmol)和三苯基磷(0.43g,1.66mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为白色固体的ZDWX-4,产率13%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.99(s,1H),10.84(s,1H),8.24(dd,J=8.6,5.6Hz,1H),8.12(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.96(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.53(dd,J=10.1,2.0Hz,1H),7.07(td,J=9.5,2.1Hz,1H),2.20–2.08(m,1H),1.06–0.87(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.7,161.8,140.8,137.2,136.7,130.1,127.9,123.2,117.7,112.2,108.1,98.9,14.0,7.8(2C).
实施例13
N-(7-氯-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-5)
将化合物4b(0.2g,0.62mmol)和三苯基磷(0.41g,1.57mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为黄色固体的ZDWX-5,产率25%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.58(s,1H),10.70(s,1H),8.71(s,1H),8.64(s,1H),8.17(d,J=8.4,1H),7.61(d,J=0.9Hz,1H),7.21(dd,J=8.3,1.3Hz,1H),2.05–2.01(m,1H),0.99–0.58(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.07,144.34,142.45,133.92,133.03,131.93,129.48,123.60,120.07,119.74,111.96,104.22,14.45,7.58(2C).
实施例14
N-(7-氯-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-1-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-6)
将化合物4b(0.2g,0.62mmol)和三苯基磷(0.41g,1.57mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为白色固体的ZDWX-6,产率11%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.02(s,1H),10.85(s,1H),8.23(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.14(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.98(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.82(brs,1H),7.25(dd,J=8.4,1.4Hz,1H),2.23–2.06(m,1H),1.07–0.887(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ173.09,140.82,137.84,137.02,132.81,130.14,127.99,123.30,120.06,120.00,112.72(2C),14.30,8.21(2C).
实施例15
N-(7-(三氟甲氧基)-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-7)
将化合物4c(0.2g,0.55mmol)和三苯基磷(0.36g,1.38mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为黄色固体的ZDWX-7,产率23%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.66(s,1H),10.72(s,1H),8.75(s,1H),8.67(s,1H),8.28(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.52(brs,1H),7.16(dd,J=8.6,0.9Hz,1H),2.09–1.96(m,1H),0.89–0.70(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.10,148.70,144.42,142.10,134.32,131.95,129.35,123.76,120.23,119.75,112.67,104.73,104.30,14.45,7.61(2C).
实施例16
N-(7-(三氟甲氧基)-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-1-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-8)
将化合物4c(0.2g,0.55mmol)和三苯基磷(0.36g,1.38mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为白色固体的ZDWX-8,产率12%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.05(s,1H),10.92(s,1H),8.33(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),8.16(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),8.02(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.77(brs,1H),7.20(dd,J=8.6,1.3Hz,1H),2.22–2.06(m,1H),1.10–0.83(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ173.07,148.57,140.48,137.80,137.11,129.99,128.46,123.45,121.47,120.08,113.01,112.83,105.34,14.28,8.20(2C).
实施例17
N-(7-(三氟甲基)-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-9)
将化合物4d(0.2g,0.56mmol)和三苯基磷(0.37g,1.42mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为黄色固体的ZDWX-9,产率18%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.80(s,1H),10.76(s,1H),8.81(s,1H),8.75(s,1H),8.40(d,J=8.2,1H),7.91(brs,1H),7.49(dd,J=8.3,0.9Hz,1H),2.12–2.01(m,1H),0.95–0.69(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.16,144.40,140.91,134.46,132.57(2C),129.00,125.98,123.98,123.28,115.50,109.57,104.62,14.46,7.65(2C).
实施例18
N-(7-(三氟甲基)-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-1-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-10)
将化合物4d(0.2g,0.56mmol)和三苯基磷(0.37g,1.42mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为白色固体的ZDWX-10,产率9%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.10(s,1H),11.06(s,1H),8.44(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),8.25-8.13(m,2H),8.08(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.52(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),2.24–2.07(m,1H),1.09–0.76(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.75,138.90,137.79,136.66,129.24,128.34,127.86,125.64,123.45,122.52,115.36,112.80,110.13,13.90,7.85(2C).
实施例19
N-(7-甲氧基-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-11)
将化合物4e(0.2g,0.63mmol)和三苯基磷(0.42g,1.60mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为黄色固体的ZDWX-11,产率26%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.28(s,1H),10.59(s,1H),8.59(s,1H),8.51(s,1H),7.99(d,J=8.6,1H),7.00(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),6.81(dd,J=8.6,2.1Hz,1H),3.86(s,3H),2.12–1.95(m,1H),0.97–0.66(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ171.91,160.83,144.08,143.65,133.82,130.70,130.33,122.89,114.89,109.35,103.54,94.99,55.73,14.45,7.52(2C).
实施例20
N-(7-甲氧基-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-1-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-12)
将化合物4e(0.2g,0.63mmol)和三苯基磷(0.42g,1.60mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为白色固体的ZDWX-12,产率15%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.92(s,1H),10.59(s,1H),8.18–7.95(m,2H),7.85(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.25(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),6.84(dd,J=8.6,2.2Hz,1H),3.85(s,3H),2.18–2.06(m,1H),1.08–0.79(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.93,160.67,141.97,137.10,136.69,130.97,127.60,122.61,114.87,111.91,109.79,95.62,55.67,14.28,8.12(2C).
实施例21
N-(7-甲氧基-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-13)
将化合物4f(0.2g,0.65mmol)和三苯基磷(0.42g,1.62mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为黄色固体的ZDWX-13,产率21%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.90(s,1H),10.77(s,1H),8.80(s,1H),8.75(s,1H),8.37(d,J=8.1,1H),8.07(s,1H),7.55(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),2.11–1.97(m,1H),0.96–0.70(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.17,144.48,140.64,134.51,132.77,128.89,124.53,123.42,122.00,119.99,116.97,110.02,104.67,14.46,7.67(2C).
实施例22
N-(7-氰基-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-1-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-14)
将化合物4f(0.2g,0.65mmol)和三苯基磷(0.42g,1.62mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为白色固体的ZDWX-14,产率14%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ11.19(s,1H),8.95(s,1H),8.23–8.09(m,2H),7.92–7.77(m,2H),7.51(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),1.86–1.68(m,1H),1.27–0.97(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ173.06,138.48,137.61,136.85,130.57,124.54,122.46,122.28(2C),116.73,112.50(2C),15.74,9.17(2C).
实施例23
N-(7-甲酰基-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-3-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-15)
将化合物4g(0.2g,0.64mmol)和三苯基磷(0.42g,1.61mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为黄色固体的ZDWX-15,产率28%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.94(s,1H),10.86(s,1H),10.16(s,1H),8.77(brs,2H),8.38(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),8.14(brs,1H),7.73(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),2.13–1.96(m,1H),1.00–0.62(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ194.51,173.15,144.70,142.43,137.14,135.67,132.83,130.27,126.38,123.70,120.19,115.91,105.68,104.67,15.32,8.57(2C).
实施例24
N-(7-甲酰基-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-1-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-16)
将化合物4g(0.2g,0.64mmol)和三苯基磷(0.42g,1.61mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为白色固体的ZDWX-16,产率16%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.11(s,1H),11.06(s,1H),10.15(s,1H),8.42(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),8.31(brs,1H),8.18(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),8.08(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.76(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),2.27–2.06(m,1H),1.03–0.90(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ193.61,173.11,139.81,138.22,136.94,136.07,129.59,129.54,125.64,122.48,119.56,115.98,113.38,14.32,8.24(2C).
实施例25
N-(4-(3-硝基-[[1,1'-联苯]-4-基)吡啶-2-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(化合物5a)
将化合物4h(0.2g,0.552mmol)和苯硼酸(0.08g,0.662mmol)溶于二氧六环/水(8ml:2ml)中,加入Cs2CO3(0.225g,1.66mmol)和Pd(dppf)Cl2,N2保护下,95℃反应10h后,浓缩反应液,加入乙酸乙酯,萃取,浓缩得到的中间体经过硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为淡黄色固体的化合物5a,产率75%。
实施例26
N-(4-(4'-甲氧基-3-硝基-[1,1'-联苯]-4-基)吡啶-2-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(化合物5b)
以4-甲氧基苯硼酸替代苯硼酸,其他条件不变,重复实施例25的操作,得到化合物5b,产率75%。
实施例27
N-(4-(2-硝基-4-(吡啶-3-基)苯基)吡啶-2-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(化合物5c)
以3-吡啶苯硼酸替代苯硼酸,其他条件不变,重复实施例25的操作,得到化合物5c,产率80%。
实施例28
N-(7-(4-甲氧苯基)-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-4-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-17)
将化合物5b(0.2g,0.62mmol)和三苯基磷(0.41g,1.57mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为黄色固体的ZDWX-17,产率21%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO)δ11.45(s,1H),10.66(s,1H),8.71(s,1H),8.61(s,1H),8.17(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.80–7.57(m,3H),7.46(dd,J=8.2,0.8Hz,1H),7.07(d,J=8.6,1H),3.82(s,3H),2.085–2.005(m,1H),0.89–0.76(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.00,159.39,144.04,142.72,140.65,134.13,133.44,131.41,129.89,128.58(2C),122.41,119.98,118.52,114.83(2C),109.44,104.13,55.59,14.47,7.57(2C).
实施例29
N-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-4-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-18)
将化合物5c(0.2g,0.62mmol)和三苯基磷(0.41g,1.57mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为黄色固体的ZDWX-18,产率22%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO)δ11.58(s,1H),10.69(s,1H),9.00(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),8.75(s,1H),8.65(d,J=0.8Hz,1H),8.61(dd,J=4.7,1.4Hz,1H),8.27(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),8.22–8.13(m,1H),7.85(d,J=0.9Hz,1H),7.61–7.43(m,2H),2.10–1.99(m,1H),1.05–0.59(m,4H).13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.04,148.90,148.40,144.13,142.51,137.64,136.57,134.96,134.22,131.72,129.67,124.33,122.80,121.02,118.76,110.49,104.32,14.47,7.59(2C).
实施例30
N-(7-苯基-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-1-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-19)
将化合物5a(0.2g,0.62mmol)和三苯基磷(0.41g,1.57mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为白色固体的ZDWX-19,产率12%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ10.81(s,1H),9.95(s,1H),8.16–8.08(m,2H),7.82(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),7.75(brs,1H),7.69(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.52(dd,J=8.1,0.7Hz,1H),7.51–7.45(m,2H),7.42–7.34(m,1H),1.95–1.81(m,1H),1.26–0.95(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ173.05,141.94,141.38,140.69,137.29,131.78,128.79(2C),127.48(2C),127.41,121.53,120.54,119.65,119.52,112.18(2C),110.51,15.50,8.92(2C).
实施例31
N-(7-(4-甲氧苯基)-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-1-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-20)
将化合物5b(0.2g,0.62mmol)和三苯基磷(0.41g,1.57mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为白色固体的ZDWX-20,产率15%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ10.76(s,1H),9.18(s,1H),8.13–8.04(m,2H),7.80(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),7.70(brs,1H),7.63(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),7.48(d,J=7.9,1H),7.02(d,J=8.7,2H),3.88(s,3H),1.88–1.72(m,1H),1.24–0.96(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ173.02,159.29,140.76,136.97,136.13,133.90,131.85,128.48(2C),121.48(2C),120.10,119.35,114.25(2C),112.10(2C),109.93,55.31,15.61,8.92(2C).
实施例32
N-(7-(吡啶-3-基)-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-1-基)环丙烷甲酰胺(ZDWX-21)
将化合物5c(0.2g,0.62mmol)和三苯基磷(0.41g,1.57mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为白色固体的ZDWX-21,产率14%。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ10.90(s,1H),9.49(s,1H),8.96(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),8.63(dd,J=4.8,1.5Hz,1H),8.18(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),8.11(brs,1H),8.04–7.90(m,1H),7.83(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),7.75(brs,1H),7.50(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.42–7.38(m,1H),1.98–1.77(m,1H),1.25–0.98(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ173.03,148.59(2C),137.35,136.86,134.63(2C),131.55,123.56(2C),121.98(2C),121.13,119.32,112.24(2C),110.68,15.55,8.99(2C).
实施例33
4-溴-3-硝基苯甲酸甲酯(化合物8a)
将化合物6(5g,20.32mmol)溶于二氯亚砜(30ml)中,回流反应3h后,浓缩反应液后,得到淡绿色固体化合物7。将化合物7(2g,7.56mmol)拿无水THF(20ml)溶解后,缓慢滴入无水甲醇中,反应完毕后浓缩反应液,乙醇重结晶得到白色片状晶体的化合物8a,产率95%。
实施例34
4-溴-3-硝基苯甲酰胺(化合物8b)
将化合物7(2g,7.56mmol)拿无水THF(20ml)溶解后,缓慢滴入到氨水中,反应完毕后抽滤,得到白色固体的化合物8b,产率90%。
实施例35
4-(2-(环丙烷甲酰胺基)吡啶-4-基)-3-硝基苯甲酸甲酯(化合物9a)
将化合物3(0.26g,0.92mmol)和8a(0.2g,0.769mmol)溶于二氧六环/水(8ml:2ml)中,加入Cs2CO3(0.314g,2.731mmol)和Pd(dppf)Cl2,N2保护下,95℃反应10h后,浓缩反应液,加入乙酸乙酯,萃取,浓缩得到的中间体经过硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为淡黄色固体化合物9a,产率80%。
实施例36
4-(2-(环丙烷甲酰胺基)吡啶-4-基)-3-硝基苯甲酰胺(化合物9b)
将化合物3(0.28g,0.97mmol)和8b(0.2g,0.816mmol)溶于二氧六环/水(8ml:2ml)中,加入Cs2CO3(0.33g,2.45mmol)和Pd(dppf)Cl2,N2保护下,95℃反应10h后,浓缩反应液,加入乙酸乙酯,萃取,浓缩得到的中间体经过硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为淡黄色固体化合物9b,产率75%。
实施例37
3-(环丙烷甲酰胺基)-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-7-羧酰胺(ZDWX-22)
将化合物9b(0.2g,0.62mmol)和三苯基磷(0.41g,1.57mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为白色固体的ZDWX-22,产率17%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.65(s,1H),10.70(s,1H),8.75(s,1H),8.67(s,1H),8.20(d,J=8.2,1H),8.11(brs,1H),8.06(s,1H),7.71(dd,J=8.2,0.7Hz,1H),7.42(s,1H),2.09–1.99(m,1H),0.97–0.67(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.06,168.59,144.07,141.45,134.53,131.98,129.36,123.21,121.68,118.61(2C).,111.96,104.53,14.46,7.61(2C).
实施例38
1-(环丙烷甲酰胺基)-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-7-羧酰胺(ZDWX-23)
将化合物9b(0.2g,0.62mmol)和三苯基磷(0.41g,1.57mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为白色固体的ZDWX-23,产率8%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.07(s,1H),10.96(s,1H),8.54(s,1H),8.13(brs,1H),7.81(brs,1H),7.72(s,1H),2.10–1.87(m,1H),1.03–0.77(m,4H).
实施例39
3-(环丙烷甲酰胺基)-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-7-羧酸甲酯(ZDWX-24)
将化合物9a(0.2g,0.62mmol)和三苯基磷(0.41g,1.57mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为白色固体的ZDWX-24,产率21%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.71(s,1H),10.73(s,1H),8.78(s,1H),8.73(s,1H),8.27(d,J=8.2,1H),8.17(brs,1H),7.77(dd,J=8.2,1.0Hz,1H),3.91(s,3H),2.09–2.00(m,1H),0.96–0.7(m,4H);13C NMR(150MHz,DMSO-d6)δ172.11,166.94,144.24,141.23,134.66,132.45,129.25,129.07,124.71,122.21,119.72,113.75,104.58,52.62,14.48,7.63(2C).
实施例40
1-(环丙烷甲酰胺基)-9H-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-7-羧酸甲酯(ZDWX-25)
将化合物9a(0.2g,0.62mmol)和三苯基磷(0.41g,1.57mmol)溶于邻二氯苯(3ml)中,N2保护下,185℃反应6h后,浓缩反应液,硅胶柱纯化后,得到纯品为白色固体的ZDWX-25,产率13%。1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.04(s,1H),10.96(s,1H),8.42(s,1H),8.31(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),8.16(brs,1H),8.05(brs,1H),7.81(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),3.91(s,3H),2.19–2.07(m,1H),1.05–0.86(m,4H).
实施例41:GSK-3β/DYRK1A激酶抑制活性的评价
用白色96孔板在测定缓冲液中进行激酶Glo测定。将1μL(10μM)的被测化合物(先溶解于DMSO中,再用激酶缓冲液稀释至所需浓度)和2μL(5ng)的酶加至每个孔,然后添加2μL的含有0.2μg的底物和25μM ATP的等比混合物。在室温孵育60分钟后,用5μL的激酶Glo试剂停止酶促反应并将剩余的ATP消除,仍在室温孵育40分钟后,使用激酶检测试剂将反应生成的ADP转化为ATP,30分钟后使用多功能酶标仪记录发光值。化合物的活性与总的和消耗的ATP的差异成比例,再根据在空白和阳性药(SB415826,IC50=120nM)中测得的ATP,计算抑制活性。若化合物在10μM时对激酶的抑制率<50%,则认为化合物对激酶的抑制能力较弱,不计算IC50;若化合物在10μM时对激酶的抑制率>50%,则再稀释化合物浓度并使用GraphPad prism 8.4.2确定IC50。DYRK1A酶活力的测定方法与此方法类似。结论:实验证明,本发明所制备的部分化合物能够有效的抑制GSK-3β/DYRK1A激酶的活性,部分化合物的IC50达到纳摩尔水平。
表1目标化合物的GSK-3β、DYRK1A抑制活性
实施例42:化合物对GSK-3β的酶促动力学
在化合物浓度为0、1和5μM的条件下,先使底物浓度保持在0.2μg/μL不变时,设定ATP浓度为3.125~50μM,测定不同化合物浓度的抑制率。然后,ATP浓度保持在25μM不变,将底物浓度设定为0.025~0.4μg/μL,测定不同浓度化合物抑制率。做Lineweaver-Burk双倒数曲线,即以1/[v]-1/[GS-2]和1/[v]-1/[ATP]作图,判断化合物的酶促动力学方式。首先通过跳跃稀释实验证明,ZDWX-25与GSK-3β之间的结合是可逆的,且化合物ZDWX-25是ATP竞争性的GSK-3β抑制剂(图4-6)。
实施例43:神经细胞毒性的评价
神经瘤母细胞SH-SY5Y和肝正常细胞被用于细胞毒性评价。选取对数生长期的细胞,向96孔细胞培养板中每孔加入100μL细胞悬液(每孔1.5×104个细胞),培养24小时。每孔加入含有不同浓度待测化合物的DMEM培养液;同时设空白对照组(只加高糖DMEM培养液)。培养48小时后,每孔加入15μL的MTT溶液(5mg/mL),在培养箱继续培养4小时。弃去培养基,每孔加入150μL的DMSO溶解,摇床震荡5min使结晶完全溶解。最后以多功能酶标仪于490nm波长处读取OD值,计算细胞的存活率(图7-8)。实验结果表明化合物ZDWX-25在1~15μM浓度下对SH-SY5Y细胞没有明显的毒性,在20μM显示一定的细胞毒。此外,化合物在1μM对肝正常细胞没有明显的毒性。
实施例44:化合物对在细胞水平对tau等关键蛋白表达的影响
使用SH-SY5Y细胞,培养至第三代后,分别加入冈田酸20nM、30nM、40nM和50nM,分别作用24h,36h和48h,观察细胞状态,并收集细胞,用PBS清洗后,加入细胞裂解液,在冰上裂解细胞30min,15000r/min离心10min提取总蛋白,取上清。应用BCA法定量蛋白浓度。利用非连续SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳将目的蛋白样品分离,再通过电转移装置将分离的蛋白转移到PVDF膜上。转移后的PVDF膜用5%脱脂奶粉或5%BSA室温摇床封闭2h,于PVDF膜上4℃过夜孵育tau和磷酸化tau等抗体。用TBST清洗PVDF膜上结合的一抗,5min×3次,加入二抗孵育1h,用TBST洗膜5min×3次。然后利用ECL化学发光液显影,BioRad凝胶成像系统拍摄成像,ImageJ软件分析条带灰度值,选择合适造模时间以及冈田酸的浓度。实验结果表明,通过Western Blot实验发现,如图9-12所示,与Harmine和SB415286组相比,ZDWX-25组可呈浓度依赖的减低p-tau、p-DYRK1A的表达,增加p-GSK3β-S9的表达。实验表明化合物ZDWX-25能够通过抑制GSK-3β/DYRK1A的活性从而降低tau蛋白磷酸化的水平(图9-12)。
实施例45:Morris水迷宫检测目标化合物对APP/PS1/Tau三转基因小鼠学习记忆功能的影响
采用磁共振成像技术(MRI)对APP/PS1/Tau三转基因小鼠进行病理评价APP/PS1/Tau小鼠是目前能较好的反映人类AD病理进程的一种模型,该模型的特点是在4月龄时开始出现行为学变化,5月龄开始出现老年斑,7月龄后出现大量老年斑的沉积,10月龄左右出现神经纤维缠结。为了能实时掌握该小鼠成模型的时间,课题组利用磁共振成像(MRI)技术对其进行脑部扫描,可以反映不同病理发展时期的影像特点。扫描前采用1.5%~2%异氟烷和氧气混合气体对小鼠进行吸入麻醉。小鼠完全麻醉后,将小鼠俯卧位固定于扫描床上。用西门子3.0T磁共振仪,选用小鼠头颅线圈接收,依次进行小鼠大脑横断位快速自旋回波(Fast Spin Echo,FSE)序列T2加权成像(T2 weighted imaging,T2WI)扫描,多回波自旋回波(multiple spinecho,MSE)序列扫描,并进行T2 map,扩散加权成像(DWI)序列以及扩散张量成像(DTI)序列的扫描。将平台隐藏于水下1cm,将小鼠面向池壁,分别从4个入水点放入水中,记录从入水到找到平台并站立其上的时间,即潜伏期。如小鼠在60s仍未找到平台,则由实验者将其引向平台,其潜伏期记为60s。每天训练4次,每个象限一次,一共训练5天。根据小鼠在水中搜索平台的游泳轨迹确定其每次的搜索策略,以此判断其学习能力。第6天停止训练,第7天撤去平台,选择平台相对象限的入水点,将小鼠面向池壁放入水中,记录小鼠在60s的游泳轨迹,记录小鼠在90s内穿越平台的次数,以此判断小鼠的记忆能力。从结果看出,在游泳能力基本一致的情况下,给药组小鼠的逃避潜伏期逐渐地减少,ZDWX-25给药组小鼠与三转基因小鼠组相比逃避潜伏期明显缩短,结果具有统计学差异。然而,相比野生型小鼠,三转基因小鼠逃避潜伏期明显更长。实验结果表明,化合物ZDWX-25能够显著改善APP/PS1/Tau小鼠认知功能障碍(图13-18)。
以上以β-咔波啉化合物中的ZDWX-25为例进行的说明,其他衍生物同样具有一定的GSK-3β/DYRK1A抑制效果,也可调控tau蛋白的过度磷酸化和改善AD小鼠的认知能力,该类β-咔波啉生物碱可为发现新的AD治疗药物提供理论依据。
Claims (10)
2.一种通式I所示的β-咔波啉类化合物或其药学上可用的盐:
其中,
4.一种如权利要求3所述β-咔波啉类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,化合物ZDWX-3、ZDWX-4、ZDWX-5、ZDWX-6、ZDWX-7、ZDWX-8、ZDWX-9、ZDWX-10、ZDWX-11、ZDWX-12、ZDWX-13、ZDWX-14、ZDWX-15和ZDWX-16的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将化合物1溶于四氢呋喃中,加入吡啶作傅酸剂,滴加环丙基甲酰氯,反应得到化合物2;
(2)将化合物2溶于无水二氧六环中,加入醋酸钾、联硼酸频那醇酯和二(三苯基磷)氯化钯,反应得到化合物3;
(3)将化合物3溶于二氧六环和水中,加入碳酸铯、不同取代的硝基苯和二(三苯基磷)氯化钯,反应得到化合物4a、4b、4c、4d、4e、4f、4g和4h;
(4)将化合物4a溶于邻二氯苯中,加入三苯基磷反应得到化合物ZDWX-3和ZDWX-4;
或,以化合物4b的2-溴-5-氯硝基苯替代合成化合物4a的2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他步骤同(1)~(3),得到ZDWX-5和ZDWX-6;
或,以化合物4c的4-溴-3-硝基三氟甲氧基苯替代合成化合物4a的2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他步骤同(1)~(3),得到ZDWX-7和ZDWX-8;
或,以化合物4d的4-溴-3-硝基三氟甲基苯替代合成化合物4a的2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他步骤同(1)~(3),得到ZDWX-9和ZDWX-10;
或,以化合物4e的4-溴-3硝基苯甲醚替代合成化合物4a的2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他步骤同(1)~(3),得到ZDWX-11和ZDWX-12;
或,以化合物4f的4-溴-3硝基苯腈替代合成化合物4a的2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他步骤同(1)~(3),得到ZDWX-13和ZDWX-14;
或,以化合物4g的4-溴-3硝基苯甲醛替代合成化合物4a的2-溴-5-氟硝基苯,其他步骤同(1)~(3),得到ZDWX-15和ZDWX-16。
5.根据权利要求4所述β-咔波啉类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,ZDWX-17、ZDWX-18、ZDWX-19、ZDWX-20和ZDWX-21的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(A)将步骤(3)中得到的化合物4h的2,5-二溴硝基苯溶于二氧六环和水中,加入不同取代的苯硼酸、碳酸铯和二(三苯基磷)氯化钯,反应得到化合物5a、5b和5c;
(B)将化合物5a溶于邻二氯苯中,加入三苯基磷反应得到化合物ZDWX-19;
或,以对甲氧基苯硼酸替代苯硼酸合成5b,重复步骤(A)和(B),反应得到ZDWX-17和ZDWX-20;
或,以3-吡啶硼酸替代苯硼酸合成5c,重复步骤(A)和(B),反应得到ZDWX-18和ZDWX-21。
6.一种如权利要求3所述β-咔波啉类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,ZDWX-22、ZDWX-23、ZDWX-24和ZDWX-25的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)将化合物6溶于氯化亚砜中,反应得到化合物7;
2)将化合物7缓慢滴入甲醇中,反应得到化合物8a;
3)将化合物8a溶于二氧六环和水中,加入化合物3、碳酸铯、和二(三苯基磷)氯化钯,反应得到化合物9a;
或,以氨水替代甲醇合成8b,重复步骤3),得到化合物9b;
4)将化合物9a溶于邻二氯苯中,加入三苯基磷反应得到化合物ZDWX-24和ZDWX-25;
或,以化合物9b替代化合物9a,重复步骤4),得到ZDWX-22和ZDWX-23。
7.一种药物组合物,其特征在于,含有权利要求1-3任意一项所述的β-咔波啉类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐以及药学上可接受的辅料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,由如权利要求1-3任意一项所述β-咔波啉类化合物添加一种或多种药学上可接受的辅料制成制剂,所述制剂的剂型为胶囊剂、丸剂、片剂、颗粒剂或注射剂。
9.如权利要求1-3任意一项所述β-咔波啉类化合物或其药学上可用的盐在制备治疗阿尔兹海默症药物中的应用。
10.如权利要求1-3任意一项所述β-咔波啉类化合物或其药学上可用的盐在制备GSK-3β抑制剂或者DYRK1A抑制剂中的应用。
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CN115232126B (zh) * | 2022-08-04 | 2023-04-25 | 中国人民解放军北部战区总医院 | 一种β-卡波林-1,2,3-三唑化合物及其制备方法与抗阿尔兹海默病的应用 |
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