CN113067012B - Cathode air inlet control system and method of HT-PEMFC (high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell) - Google Patents

Cathode air inlet control system and method of HT-PEMFC (high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell) Download PDF

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CN113067012B
CN113067012B CN202110307745.2A CN202110307745A CN113067012B CN 113067012 B CN113067012 B CN 113067012B CN 202110307745 A CN202110307745 A CN 202110307745A CN 113067012 B CN113067012 B CN 113067012B
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cathode
fuel cell
air
pemfc fuel
pemfc
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CN113067012A (en
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吴航
张鸿
李妍妍
李永成
张聪
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China South Industries Group Automation Research Institute
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/0441—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode exhausts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a cathode air inlet control system and a cathode air inlet control method of an HT-PEMFC (high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell), wherein an air supply module supplies air to a cathode of a fuel cell stack, an air supply module supplies air to a cell cathode, and an oxygen monitoring module monitors oxygen content X in cathode tail gas under the non-working state of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack1Oxygen content X in cathode tail gas in working process2And X is1、X2Sending the data to a cathode air inlet control module; based on X1、X2According to the method, an air intake strategy is obtained according to a cathode intake model, and the air supply amount of the air supply module to the cathode of the battery is adjusted according to the air intake strategy; when the oxygen content of the external environment changes, the cathode gas inlet model enables the method to have good applicability.

Description

Cathode air inlet control system and method of HT-PEMFC (high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell)
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a cathode air inlet control system and a cathode air inlet control method of an HT-PEMFC fuel cell.
Background
During the power generation of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell, the output current I of the fuel cell needs to be determined according to the power consumption of a userFCControlling the given amount of hydrogen gas at the anode of the fuel cell based on the output current IFC
Figure BDA0002988564110000011
And a given amount L of cathode airairGiven amount L of cathode airairDynamic adjustment is required according to the change of the load.
In the conventional fuel cell power generation control, metering by an expensive air flow meter is required, and the use of the air flow meter has the following disadvantages:
(1) increasing the air pressure loss in the cathode loop of the fuel cell requires the air supply unit to provide a greater static pressure and consumes more electrical energy.
(2) Meanwhile, in the power generation of a high-power HT-PEMFC fuel cell, more air needs to be consumed, and taking 100 HT-PEMFC galvanic pile with 9kw as an example, the air quantity needed for generating 8kw is about 800L/min, so that a large-flow meter on the market is rare and expensive.
In addition, in the HT-PEMFC power generation equipment, a manufacturer measures the pressure loss of a cathode loop of the fuel cell at different flows through an empirical model, tests the flow-pressure-rotating speed relation of an air supply module, and indirectly controls the flow by controlling the rotating speed of the air supply module during a control strategy, so that the strategy has the advantages that an expensive air flow meter is not needed, but has obvious defects, and when the cathode loop has pressure resistance and altitude change, the relation between the flow and the rotating speed is changed, so that the HT-PEMFC power generation equipment using the control strategy has strict requirements on the use environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a cathode inlet control system and method for an HT-PEMFC fuel cell.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the scheme provides a cathode air inlet control system of an HT-PEMFC fuel cell, which comprises the following components: the system comprises an HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack, an oxygen monitoring module, an air supply module and a cathode air inlet control module;
the air supply module supplies air to a cathode of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack;
the oxygen monitoring module monitors the oxygen content X in the cathode tail gas of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack in the non-working state1Oxygen content X in cathode tail gas in working process2And X is1、X2Sending the data to a cathode air inlet control module;
cathode air inlet control module based on X1、X2Obtaining air from a cathode intake modelAnd adjusting the cathode air supply amount of the air supply module to the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack according to the air intake strategy.
The working principle of the scheme is as follows: the stoichiometric ratio of oxygen at the cathode to hydrogen at the anode needs to be controlled between 2.0 and 3.0 during the power generation control process of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell, and if the stoichiometric ratio is too high or too low, the performance and the service life of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell are affected, so that the given amount of cathode air needs to be strictly controlled during the power generation process of the HT-PEMFC.
The invention adopts a universal oxygen sensor to control cathode air, the oxygen sensor is arranged at the output port of the tail gas of the cathode of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell according to the requirement, a control strategy is formulated through a cathode air inlet model of the current environment so as to control the air inlet quantity of an air supply module (such as increasing or decreasing the rotating speed of a blower and the like), thereby realizing convenient and low-cost control of cathode air inlet, not only saving the use of an expensive air flow meter, but also only needing to control the oxygen content X in the cathode tail gas under the non-working state of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack in a new environment when the oxygen content in the external environment of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack is suddenly changed due to the change of the oxygen content in the external environment of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack when the altitude is changed1And a corresponding model can be obtained according to the cathode gas inlet model again, so that the method has good applicability.
The further optimization scheme is that the oxygen content X1The acquisition method comprises the following steps:
making the fuel cell not work, supplying air for a short time through cathode air, and measuring the oxygen content X in the cathode tail gas of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack through an oxygen monitoring module1。
In a further optimized scheme, the oxygen monitoring module comprises an oxygen sensor installed at a cathode tail gas outlet of the HT-PEMFC.
The further optimization scheme is that the air intake strategy obtaining method comprises the following steps:
based on X1、X2Calculating the stoichiometric ratio of oxygen;
comparing the stoichiometric ratio of the oxygen with a threshold value to obtain an up-regulation or down-regulation regulating quantity;
and adjusting the air supply module by taking the adjusted quantity of the upward adjustment or the downward adjustment as an air intake strategy.
The further optimization scheme is that the stoichiometric ratio lambda of oxygen is calculated by the formula:
λ＝[X1*(1-X2)]/(X1-X2)。
the stoichiometric ratio lambda of oxygen is calculated and compared to a threshold range of anode hydrogen stoichiometric ratios specified by the manufacturer of HT-PEMFC fuel cells (typically between 2.0 and 3.0) to obtain an up or down adjustment of air.
When the fuel cell is not in operation, the cathode air is used for supplying air for a short time, and the oxygen sensor of the cathode tail gas is used for measuring the oxygen content X in the air at the position1During the working process, the residual oxygen content X of the cathode tail gas output port is measured1And calculating the stoichiometric ratio lambda of oxygen, and controlling the air intake quantity (such as increasing and decreasing the rotating speed of a blower and the like) of the air supply module by taking the stoichiometric ratio of oxygen as a control strategy to realize a convenient and low-cost cathode air intake control strategy.
The further optimization scheme is that the hydrogen supply module is further included and supplies hydrogen to the anode of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack.
In a further optimization scheme, the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack further comprises an anode exhaust port.
The further optimization scheme is that the cathode air supply quantity of the air supply module to the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack is changed by adjusting the rotating speed of the blower.
According to the cathode air inlet control system of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell, the cathode air inlet control method of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell is applied to the cathode air inlet control system and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, making the HT-PEMFC fuel cell not work, supplying air to the cathode of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell for a short time, and measuring the oxygen content X in the tail gas of the cathode at the moment1；
S2, measuring the normality of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell in the same external environment of S1Oxygen content X in cathode exhaust gas during operation2；
S3. based on X1、X2Obtaining an air intake strategy according to the cathode intake model;
and S4, regulating the cathode air supply amount of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack according to an air inlet strategy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a cathode air inlet control system and method of an HT-PEMFC fuel cell, which supplies air for a short time through cathode air when the fuel cell is not in operation, and measures the oxygen content X in the air at the position through an oxygen sensor of cathode tail gas1During the working process, the residual oxygen content X of the cathode tail gas output port is measured1And calculating the stoichiometric ratio lambda of oxygen, and controlling the air intake quantity (such as increasing and decreasing the rotating speed of a blower and the like) of the air supply module by taking the stoichiometric ratio of oxygen as a control strategy to realize a convenient and low-cost cathode air intake control strategy.
2. The cathode air inlet control system and method of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell provided by the invention only need to be used in a new environment according to the oxygen content X in the cathode tail gas of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack in a non-working state under the condition that the oxygen content in the external environment of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack is suddenly changed1And a corresponding model is obtained according to the cathode gas inlet model again, so that the method has good applicability.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cathode air inlet control system of a HT-PEMFC fuel cell.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a cathode inlet control system of an HT-PEMFC fuel cell, including: the system comprises an HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack, an oxygen monitoring module, an air supply module and a cathode air inlet control module;
the air supply module supplies air to a cathode of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack;
the oxygen monitoring module monitors the oxygen content X in the cathode tail gas of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack in the non-working state1Oxygen content X in cathode tail gas in working process2(oxygen content X here)1The volume ratio of oxygen in the cathode tail gas when the fuel cell stack is not in operation is used for expressing that the oxygen content X2The volume ratio of oxygen in the cathode off-gas when the fuel cell stack is in operation), and X is expressed1、X2Sending the data to a cathode air inlet control module;
cathode air inlet control module based on X1、X2And obtaining an air inlet strategy according to the cathode inlet model, and adjusting the cathode air supply amount of the air supply module to the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack according to the air inlet strategy.
The oxygen content X1The acquisition method comprises the following steps:
making the fuel cell not work, supplying air for a short time through cathode air, and measuring the oxygen content X in the tail gas of the cathode of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack through an oxygen monitoring module1。
The oxygen monitoring module comprises an oxygen sensor mounted at a cathode tail gas outlet of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell.
The air intake strategy obtaining method comprises the following steps:
based on X1、X2Calculating the stoichiometric ratio of oxygen;
comparing the stoichiometric ratio of the oxygen with a threshold value to obtain an up-regulation or down-regulation regulating quantity;
and adjusting the air supply module by taking the adjusted quantity of the upward adjustment or the downward adjustment as an air intake strategy.
The stoichiometric ratio lambda of oxygen is calculated by the formula:
λ＝[X1*(1-X2)]/(X1-X2)。
also included is a hydrogen supply module that provides hydrogen to the anode of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack.
The HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack further includes an anode vent.
The amount of cathode air supplied by the air supply module to the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack is varied by adjusting the blower speed.
Example 2
The cathode air inlet control method of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell is applied to the cathode air inlet control system of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell in the embodiment 1 and comprises the following steps:
s1, making the HT-PEMFC fuel cell not work, supplying air to the cathode of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell for a short time, and measuring the oxygen content X in the tail gas of the cathode at the moment1；
S2, measuring the oxygen content X in the cathode tail gas of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell in normal operation in the same external environment of S12；
S3. based on X1、X2Obtaining an air intake strategy according to the cathode intake model;
and S4, regulating the cathode air supply amount of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack according to an air inlet strategy.
And controlling the air inlet amount of the air supply module (such as increasing and decreasing the rotating speed of the air blower) according to the control strategy, thereby realizing the cathode air inlet control strategy with convenience and low cost.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

  1. A cathode inlet control system for a HT-PEMFC fuel cell, comprising: the system comprises an HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack, an oxygen monitoring module, an air supply module and a cathode air inlet control module;
    the air supply module supplies air to a cathode of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack;
    the oxygen monitoring module monitors the oxygen content X in the cathode tail gas of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack in the non-working state1Oxygen content X in cathode tail gas in working process2And X is1、X2Sending the data to a cathode air inlet control module;
    cathode air inlet control module based on X1、X2Obtaining an air inlet strategy according to the cathode inlet model, and adjusting the cathode air supply quantity of the air supply module to the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack according to the air inlet strategy;
    the air intake strategy obtaining method comprises the following steps:
    based on X1、X2Calculating the stoichiometric ratio of oxygen;
    comparing the stoichiometric ratio of the oxygen with a threshold value to obtain an up-regulation or down-regulation regulating quantity;
    the adjusted quantity is used as an air intake strategy to regulate and control an air supply module;
    wherein the stoichiometric ratio lambda of the oxygen is calculated by the formula:
    λ＝[X1*(1-X2)]/(X1-X2)。
  2. 2. cathode inlet control system for a HT-PEMFC fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxygen content X1The acquisition method comprises the following steps:
    making the fuel cell not work, supplying air for a short time through cathode air, and measuring the oxygen content X in the tail gas of the cathode of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack through an oxygen monitoring module1。
  3. 3. The cathode inlet control system of an HT-PEMFC fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen monitoring module includes an oxygen sensor mounted at a cathode tail gas outlet of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell.
  4. 4. The cathode inlet control system of an HT-PEMFC fuel cell according to claim 1, further comprising a hydrogen supply module that supplies hydrogen to the anode of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack.
  5. 5. The cathode inlet control system of an HT-PEMFC fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack further comprises an anode vent.
  6. 6. The cathode inlet control system for an HT-PEMFC fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the cathode air supply of the air supply module to the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack is varied by adjusting the blower speed.
  7. A cathode inlet control method of an HT-PEMFC fuel cell applied to the cathode inlet control system of an HT-PEMFC fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
    s1, making the HT-PEMFC fuel cell not work, supplying air to the cathode of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell for a short time, and measuring the oxygen content X in the tail gas of the cathode at the moment1；
    S2, measuring the oxygen content X in the cathode tail gas of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell in normal operation in the same external environment of S12；
    S3. based on X1、X2Obtaining an air intake strategy according to the cathode intake model;
    and S4, regulating the cathode air supply amount of the HT-PEMFC fuel cell stack according to an air inlet strategy.
CN202110307745.2A 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 Cathode air inlet control system and method of HT-PEMFC (high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell) Active CN113067012B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102324536A (en) * 2011-07-26 2012-01-18 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 Vehicle proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) pressure control system
CN109524695A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-03-26 中氢新能技术有限公司 Fuel cell supplies oxygen control device
CN109742426A (en) * 2019-01-07 2019-05-10 中氢新能技术有限公司 A kind of control system and its control method of the exhaust valve angle of methanol fuel cell

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050233182A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-10-20 Fuss Robert L Method for real-time monitoring and control of cathode stoichiometry in fuel cell system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102324536A (en) * 2011-07-26 2012-01-18 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 Vehicle proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) pressure control system
CN109742426A (en) * 2019-01-07 2019-05-10 中氢新能技术有限公司 A kind of control system and its control method of the exhaust valve angle of methanol fuel cell
CN109524695A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-03-26 中氢新能技术有限公司 Fuel cell supplies oxygen control device

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