CN113063399A - Elevation measurement method and system - Google Patents
Elevation measurement method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113063399A CN113063399A CN202110459694.5A CN202110459694A CN113063399A CN 113063399 A CN113063399 A CN 113063399A CN 202110459694 A CN202110459694 A CN 202110459694A CN 113063399 A CN113063399 A CN 113063399A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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Abstract
The invention discloses an elevation measurement method and system, which are used for acquiring the elevation of a first-layer known point; acquiring the elevation line distance from the center of the total station to the first-layer known point elevation through the total station; a through hole is vertically formed from the first layer to the layer to be measured in a penetrating manner, a prism lens is arranged at the through hole of the layer to be measured, a telescope of the total station vertically points to the prism lens and is superposed with the center of the prism lens, and the total station is operated to measure distance and obtain the distance; the conversion device for installing the prism lens has an identification elevation, and an identification point distance constant K from the prism lens to the identification elevation is measured; installing a level gauge on the layer to be measured, and erecting a first leveling rod at the top of the elevation mark Hi of the conversion device; and a second leveling rod is erected at the elevation Hb of the guide measuring point of the layer to be measured. According to the invention, the first-layer elevation datum point is guided and measured through the first-layer elevation datum point by utilizing the zenith distance function of the total station, the first-layer elevation datum point is guided and measured to the conversion device of the elevation of the layer to be measured, and then the elevation on the conversion device is guided and measured to the layer to be measured by utilizing the leveling instrument.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of elevation measurement, in particular to an elevation measurement method and system.
Background
The transmission of the traditional over-ground part elevation of the super high layer with +/-0.000 m adopts a suspension steel rule method. At least three points are transmitted at a time and collated with each other. According to the level control point of one layer, a qualified steel ruler is used for measuring directly upwards along the structure, the measuring distance of the steel ruler is corrected by using standard pulling force and the length and the temperature of the steel ruler are corrected. The measuring distance of the steel ruler should use standard tension, and the length and temperature of the ruler are corrected, and the atmospheric temperature, the component temperature and the steel ruler temperature of the environment at that time must be measured on site. Each measurement is measured again from the reference point, and the measurement is compared with the next layer of elevation point after being transmitted;
the traditional elevation measurement method is not perfect, the operation precision of the steel ruler is low, the operation is inconvenient, the method is influenced by the whole section of the steel ruler, the error accumulation is large, and the adjustment and the correction are difficult when the error is too large.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a method and a system for measuring an elevation, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an elevation measurement method comprising the steps of:
acquiring the elevation of a first-layer known point according to a known level point, wherein the elevation of the known point is a first height value Ha;
acquiring an elevation line distance from the center of the total station to the elevation of the first-layer known point through a total station according to the elevation of the first-layer known point, wherein the elevation line distance is a second height value a 1;
a through hole is vertically penetrated from the first layer to the layer to be measured, a prism head is arranged at the through hole of the layer to be measured, the prism head is arranged on a conversion device, a telescope of the total station points to the prism head vertically and is superposed with the center of the prism head, the total station is operated to measure distance and obtain a distance, and the distance is a third height value di;
the conversion device for mounting the prism lens is provided with an identification elevation which is a fourth height value Hi, and an identification point distance constant K from the prism lens to the identification elevation is measured;
mounting a level gauge on a layer to be measured, erecting a first leveling rod at the top of an elevation mark Hi of the conversion device, reading the sight height through the level gauge, wherein the sight height on the first leveling rod is a fifth height value ai;
a second leveling rod is erected at the elevation Hb of the guide measuring point of the layer to be measured, the sight height is read through the level, and the sight height on the second leveling rod is a sixth height value bi;
prepared from Ha + a1+ di + K-Hb + bi-ai-Hi
Obtaining: and (3) guiding point elevation Hb is Ha + a1+ di + K-bi + ai.
The method for vertically penetrating through the through hole from the first layer to the layer to be measured comprises the following steps:
through holes which are positioned on the same vertical axis and have preset sizes are arranged at all levels between the first layer and the layer to be detected.
The conversion device is provided with an adjusting base, and the method for arranging the prism lenses at the through holes of the layer to be detected comprises the following steps:
and erecting an adjusting base of the conversion device on a horizontal plane at the outer edge of the through hole, and adjusting the position of the prism head to enable the center of the prism head to coincide with the center of a telescope of the total station.
An elevation measurement system comprising:
a total station is arranged on the first floor, and the total station acquires the elevation line distance from the center of the total station to the known point elevation of the first floor;
a through hole is vertically arranged from the first layer to the layer to be measured in a penetrating manner;
install surveyor's level, conversion equipment, first levelling rod and second levelling rod in the layer of awaiting measuring of first layer top, the last prismatic lens that is provided with of conversion equipment, the prismatic head arrange in the through-hole axis department on the layer of awaiting measuring, its center with the telescope of total powerstation is perpendicular to directional coincidence setting, conversion equipment has the sign elevation, first levelling rod is installed in the summit department of this sign elevation, first levelling rod is used for the surveyor to read its sight height, the second levelling rod is located immediately and is drawn the survey point department, the second levelling rod is used for the surveyor to read its sight height.
The conversion device comprises an adjusting base and a converter, wherein the converter is detachably arranged on one side of the adjusting base, and the top point of the converter is used as a recognition point of the identification elevation.
The converter is including vertical pole and horizontal pole, the one end of horizontal pole sets firmly in vertical pole middle part, the other end at the horizontal pole is installed to the prism lens adjustable, the identification point of sign elevation is located the summit of vertical pole.
The prism lens is arranged at the end part of the cross rod and enables the mirror surface of the prism lens to be horizontally placed.
The level is erected between the first leveling rod and the second leveling rod.
The conversion device is erected at the through hole of the layer to be detected, wherein a hole shape matched with the aperture of the through hole is formed in the middle of the adjusting base so as to drive the prism head to be arranged at the axis of the through hole of the layer to be detected without axial shielding.
According to the technical scheme, the total station zenith distance function is utilized, the first layer elevation reference point is guided and measured to the conversion device of the elevation of the layer to be measured through the first layer elevation reference point, and then the elevation on the conversion device is guided and measured to the layer to be measured through the leveling instrument.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principles of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the conversion device of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the position of the conversion device of the present invention placed at the through hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the scheme provides an elevation measurement method and an elevation measurement system, which are used for realizing accurate elevation measurement of a high-rise building, effectively reduce the measurement gross error caused by elevation transmission and the incidence rate of most accidents, and specifically comprise the following steps:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the transmission point of elevation is established at the axis control point department on first floor, through being located first floor to the layer of awaiting measuring in the vertical upwards transmission of realizing to wearing to establish the through-hole.
The elevation measurement system comprises a total station 1 installed on a first floor, a level gauge 6 installed on a layer to be measured, a conversion device 3, a first leveling rod 4 and a second leveling rod 5, wherein the level gauge 6, the conversion device 3, the first leveling rod 4 and the second leveling rod 5 are installed on the layer to be measured, the elevation of a construction layer (namely the layer to be measured) is measured by leading through an elevation datum point of the first floor by utilizing the 1 zenith distance function of the total station, the elevation on the conversion device 3 is measured to the construction layer by leading through the level gauge 6, and a plurality of defects that the traditional steel ruler is low in operation precision, inconvenient to operate, large in accumulated error caused by the influence of the whole ruler section of the steel ruler.
The total station 1 obtains the height marking line distance from the center to the known point elevation of the first floor, and a leveling rod 2 is vertically arranged on one side of the total station 1 on the first floor. Specifically, the total station 1 is erected at an axis control point, and is strictly leveled, a telescope is horizontally arranged (screen numerical value is displayed by 90 degrees), and the degree a1 of the leveling rod 2 erected on the first floor Ha is read.
Install surveyor's level 6, conversion equipment 3, first levelling rod 4 and second levelling rod 5 in the layer of awaiting measuring of first layer top, be provided with prismatic lens 33 on conversion equipment 3, prismatic lens 33 arranges in the through-hole 7 axis department on the layer of awaiting measuring, its center with total powerstation 1's telescope is perpendicular to directional coincidence setting, conversion equipment 3 has the sign elevation, first levelling rod 4 is installed in the summit department of this sign elevation, first levelling rod 4 is used for the surveyor to read its sight height, second levelling rod 5 sets up in leading the survey point department, second levelling rod 5 is used for surveyor's level 6 to read its sight height. Specifically, the telescope is pointed to the zenith (the screen numerical value shows 0 degree), the conversion device 3 is placed at the through hole 7 of the layer to be measured, the center of the prism lens 33 is coincided with the center of the telescope of the total station 1, the adjusting device is centered and leveled, and the total station is operated to measure the distance to obtain di. And (3) standing the first leveling rod 4 at the top point Hi of the marked elevation of the converter 31 of the conversion device 3 at the position of the leveling instrument 6 positioned on the layer to be measured, wherein the reading is ai, and then standing the second leveling rod 5 at the height of the guide point Hb of the layer to be measured, wherein the reading is bi.
The elevation Hb of the lead measurement point of the layer to be measured can be calculated from the known elevation Ha of the first layer, and the calculation principle is as follows:
firstly, the method comprises the following steps: the first height value Ha + the second height value a1+ the third height value di + a constant K equals to the identification height Hi of the conversion device;
II, secondly: the fourth height value Hi + the fifth height value ai is guide point elevation Hb + sixth height value bi.
The method comprises the following steps: ha + a1+ di + K-Hb + bi-ai-Hi
It can be found that: and (3) guiding point elevation Hb is Ha + a1+ di + K-bi + ai.
Example two:
the conversion device 3 comprises an adjusting base 32 and a converter 31, wherein the converter 31 is detachably arranged on one side of the adjusting base 32, and the vertex of the converter 31 is used as a recognition point for marking the elevation. It is further characterized in that the converter 31 includes a vertical rod 311 and a cross rod 312, one end of the cross rod 312 is fixedly disposed at the middle section of the vertical rod 311, and it is important to point out that the present embodiment does not limit the specific position where the cross rod 312 is fixedly disposed at the middle section, and it needs to satisfy that after the prism lens 33 is assembled on the cross rod 312, the mirror surface of the prism lens 33 needs to be kept horizontal, so as to implement the cooperative use with the total station 1; meanwhile, the axis of the cross rod 312 is perpendicularly crossed with the axis of the vertical rod 311, the distance constant K between the cross point and the top of the vertical rod 311 is used as the distance constant K between the center point of the prism lens 33 and the central axis of the cross rod 312, in the implementation, the center point of the prism lens 33 is located on the central axis of the cross rod 312, therefore, the perpendicular distance between the center point of the prism lens 33 and the identification point of the identification elevation of the vertical rod 311 is the constant K, the measurement accuracy of the constant K will directly affect the measurement accuracy of the elevation measurement method, the constant K is the inherent length of the converter, generally, the converter 31 is precisely machined, and the numerical value of the converter is matched with the value measured by the field.
The adjusting base 32 is implemented by using a triangular plate structure, but not limited thereto, and has two adjusting screws 324 distributed at the bottoms of two corners, and 1 supporting member 323 fixedly connected to the bottom of the other corner, and meanwhile, two level gauges 322 are further disposed on the upper end surface of the adjusting base to ensure that the two adjusting screws 324 accurately adjust the prism lens 33 to a horizontal state in the adjusting process. Because the conversion device 3 needs to be adaptively placed at the through hole 7 of the layer to be measured, and the body is erected on the layer to be measured through the adjusting screw 324 and the supporting member 323, and high-precision measurement is completed without hindering the prism lens 33 from aligning to the total station 1 in the vertical direction, a hole pattern 321 matched with the aperture of the through hole 7 is formed in the middle of the adjusting base 32, so as to drive the prism lens 33 to be horizontally arranged at the axis of the through hole 7 of the layer to be measured without axial shielding. Here, it should be understood that the aperture adaptation of the through hole 7 described in this embodiment means that a hole pattern is not limited, that is, the reserved hole pattern 321 may be used for normal adaptation of the prism lens 33 and the total station 1 without axial shielding, a hole pattern or a triangular hole pattern may be generally adopted for convenience of machining, and the like. In addition, the diameter of the through hole 7 formed in each layer is 200mm × 200mm, but the invention is not limited thereto, and can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual working condition environment or the use requirement of the instrument.
Example three:
an elevation measurement method comprising the steps of:
acquiring the elevation of a first-layer known point according to a known level point, wherein the elevation of the known point is a first height value Ha;
acquiring an elevation line distance from the center of the total station 1 to the elevation of the first-layer known point through the total station 1 according to the elevation of the first-layer known point, wherein the elevation line distance is a second height value a 1;
a through hole 7 is vertically penetrated from the first layer to the layer to be measured, a prism head 33 is arranged at the through hole of the layer to be measured, the prism head 33 is arranged on the conversion device 3, a telescope of the total station 1 vertically points to the prism head 33 and is coincided with the center of the prism head 33, the total station 1 is operated to measure distance and obtain a distance, and the distance is a third height value di;
the conversion device 3 for installing the prism lens 33 has an identification elevation which is a fourth height value Hi, and a distance constant K from the center point of the prism lens 33 to an identification point of the identification elevation is measured;
installing a level 6 on a layer to be measured, erecting a first leveling rod 4 at the top of an elevation mark Hi of the conversion device 3, reading the sight height through the level 6, wherein the sight height on the first leveling rod 4 is a fifth height value ai;
a second leveling rod 5 is erected at the elevation Hb of the guide measuring point of the layer to be measured, the sight height is read through a level gauge 6, and the sight height on the second leveling rod 5 is a sixth height value bi;
prepared from Ha + a1+ di + K-Hb + bi-ai-Hi
Obtaining: and (3) guiding point elevation Hb is Ha + a1+ di + K-bi + ai.
Further, the method for vertically penetrating the through hole 7 from the first layer to the layer to be measured includes:
through holes 7 which are positioned on the same vertical axis and have a preset size are arranged at all levels between the first layer and the layer to be measured.
Further, the conversion device 3 has an adjusting base 32, and the method for arranging the prism lens 33 at the through hole of the layer to be measured includes:
the adjusting base 32 of the conversion device 3 is erected on a horizontal plane at the outer edge of the through hole 7, and the position of the prism lens 33 is adjusted, so that the center of the prism lens 33 coincides with the center of the telescope of the total station 1, and the horizontal position of the surface of the prism lens 33 can be realized by rotating the height of the adjusting screw 324 in the adjusting process.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An elevation measurement method, comprising the steps of:
acquiring the elevation of a first-layer known point according to a known level point, wherein the elevation of the known point is a first height value Ha;
acquiring an elevation line distance from the center of the total station to the elevation of the first-layer known point through a total station according to the elevation of the first-layer known point, wherein the elevation line distance is a second height value a 1;
a through hole is vertically penetrated from the first layer to the layer to be measured, a prism head is arranged at the through hole of the layer to be measured, the prism head is arranged on a conversion device, a telescope of the total station points to the prism head vertically and is superposed with the center of the prism head, the total station is operated to measure distance and obtain a distance, and the distance is a third height value di;
the conversion device for mounting the prism lens is provided with an identification elevation which is a fourth height value Hi, and an identification point distance constant K from the center point of the prism lens to the identification elevation is measured;
mounting a level gauge on a layer to be measured, erecting a first leveling rod at the top of an elevation mark Hi of the conversion device, reading the sight height through the level gauge, wherein the sight height on the first leveling rod is a fifth height value ai;
a second leveling rod is erected at the elevation Hb of the guide measuring point of the layer to be measured, the sight height is read through the level, and the sight height on the second leveling rod is a sixth height value bi;
prepared from Ha + a1+ di + K-Hb + bi-ai-Hi
Obtaining: and (3) guiding point elevation Hb is Ha + a1+ di + K-bi + ai.
2. A method of elevation measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the method for vertically penetrating through the through hole from the first layer to the layer to be measured comprises the following steps:
through holes which are positioned on the same vertical axis and have preset sizes are arranged at all levels between the first layer and the layer to be detected.
3. A method of elevation measurement according to claim 1, wherein: the conversion device is provided with an adjusting base, and the method for arranging the prism lenses at the through holes of the layer to be detected comprises the following steps:
and erecting an adjusting base of the conversion device on a horizontal plane at the outer edge of the through hole, and adjusting the position of the prism head to enable the center of the prism head to coincide with the center of a telescope of the total station.
4. An elevation measurement system, comprising:
a total station is arranged on the first floor, and the total station acquires the elevation line distance from the center of the total station to the known point elevation of the first floor;
a through hole is vertically arranged from the first layer to the layer to be measured in a penetrating manner;
install surveyor's level, conversion equipment, first levelling rod and second levelling rod in the layer of awaiting measuring of first layer top, the last prismatic lens that is provided with of conversion equipment, the prismatic head arrange in the through-hole axis department on the layer of awaiting measuring, its center with the telescope of total powerstation is perpendicular to directional coincidence setting, conversion equipment has the sign elevation, first levelling rod is installed in the summit department of this sign elevation, first levelling rod is used for the surveyor to read its sight height, the second levelling rod is located immediately and is drawn the survey point department, the second levelling rod is used for the surveyor to read its sight height.
5. An elevation measurement system according to claim 4, wherein: the conversion device comprises an adjusting base and a converter, wherein the converter is detachably arranged on one side of the adjusting base, and the top point of the converter is used as a recognition point of the identification elevation.
6. An elevation measurement system according to claim 5, wherein: the converter is including vertical pole and horizontal pole, the one end of horizontal pole sets firmly in vertical pole middle part, the other end at the horizontal pole is installed to the prism lens adjustable, the identification point of sign elevation is located the summit of vertical pole.
7. An elevation measurement system according to claim 6, wherein: the prism lens is arranged at the end part of the cross rod and enables the mirror surface of the prism lens to be horizontally placed.
8. An elevation measurement system according to claim 4, wherein: the level is erected between the first leveling rod and the second leveling rod.
9. An elevation measurement system according to claim 5, wherein: the conversion device is erected at the through hole of the layer to be detected, wherein a hole shape matched with the aperture of the through hole is formed in the middle of the adjusting base so as to drive the prism head to be arranged at the axis of the through hole of the layer to be detected without axial shielding.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110459694.5A CN113063399A (en) | 2021-04-27 | 2021-04-27 | Elevation measurement method and system |
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| CN202110459694.5A CN113063399A (en) | 2021-04-27 | 2021-04-27 | Elevation measurement method and system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115218883A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-10-21 | 广东省建设工程质量安全检测总站有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for measuring super high-rise construction integrated target |
| CN115930927A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-04-07 | 中铁六局集团天津铁路建设有限公司 | Concrete bridge linear control measuring device |
-
2021
- 2021-04-27 CN CN202110459694.5A patent/CN113063399A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115218883A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-10-21 | 广东省建设工程质量安全检测总站有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for measuring super high-rise construction integrated target |
| CN115218883B (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2024-03-26 | 广东省建设工程质量安全检测总站有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for measuring super high-rise construction integrated targets |
| CN115930927A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-04-07 | 中铁六局集团天津铁路建设有限公司 | Concrete bridge linear control measuring device |
| CN115930927B (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-05-16 | 中铁六局集团天津铁路建设有限公司 | Linear control measuring device for concrete bridge |
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