CN113049789A - Rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic test device and test method - Google Patents
Rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113049789A CN113049789A CN202110292147.2A CN202110292147A CN113049789A CN 113049789 A CN113049789 A CN 113049789A CN 202110292147 A CN202110292147 A CN 202110292147A CN 113049789 A CN113049789 A CN 113049789A
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical group [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
- G01N33/2888—Lubricating oil characteristics, e.g. deterioration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
- G01N33/30—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids for lubricating properties
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing tests, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing flow and temperature characteristics of lubricating oil of a rolling bearing. The device for testing the flow and temperature characteristics of the lubricating oil of the rolling bearing comprises a driving system, a box body, an observation system and a test bed base, wherein the driving system, the box body and the observation system are all arranged on the test bed base through bolts; the driving system is connected with the box body through a coupler, the driving system is arranged on the left side of the box body, the box body is provided with a tested bearing, and the right side of the box body is provided with an observation system. The invention comprehensively adopts a high-speed camera and a thermal imager, and is matched with a glass end cover structure with one transparent side, and a method of tracing factors in lubricating oil is combined, so that the flow characteristic test of the lubricating oil in a bearing cavity can be visually realized; the invention simultaneously adopts a thermal imager to obtain the distribution temperature characteristic of the lubricating oil, and is matched with the flow characteristic observation to research the correlation between the flow characteristic and the temperature of the lubricating oil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing tests, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing the flowing and temperature characteristics of lubricating oil of a rolling bearing.
Background
The rolling bearing is a key part of rotating machinery, and lubrication enables the contact surface of the bearing part to form an oil film, so that friction and heat generation are reduced, and the lubrication is important for the rolling bearing. The lubrication can be divided into oil lubrication and grease lubrication, the oil lubrication is a lubrication mode commonly adopted by rolling bearings, the flow characteristic of the lubricating oil directly influences the performance, especially the temperature characteristic of the bearings, so that the research on the flow characteristic and the correlation relation with the temperature characteristic of the rolling bearing lubricating oil plays an important role in improving the bearing lubrication and the internal structure design of the bearings, and a special rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic test device is urgently needed.
At present, some bearing testing machines for bearing lubricating oil exist, but all of them test the performance of the lubricating oil and cannot observe the flowing state and temperature characteristics of the lubricating oil in the bearing, such as the following patents: a rolling bearing lubrication condition experiment simulation device and a measurement method (CN102353334A) mainly measure and analyze the motion state of a bearing without paying attention to the flow characteristic and the temperature characteristic of lubricating oil; the patent: although the rolling bearing lubrication simulation experiment device (CN202189050U) can simulate the field working condition of a heavy-load rolling bearing, and a plurality of sets of experimental bearings are placed at the same time, only the influence of various lubricating oil and lubricating grease on the performance of the bearing is researched and monitored, and the flowing characteristic of the lubricating oil cannot be observed; the patent: a thickness testing device and a testing method (CN103615994A) of a lubricating oil film of a rolling bearing are used for obtaining a real-time film thickness value of a testing point at a contact part of the rolling bearing under the action of a slip factor by adopting an ultrasonic film thickness measuring technology, measuring an oil film formed by the lubricating oil and not paying attention to the flow characteristic and the temperature characteristic of the lubricating oil; the patent: a bearing visual test device and method (CN110307979A), the device through set up outer end cover and interior oil blanket that is totally transparent, can whole visual observation and real-time supervision bearing operation and lubricated situation under the different operating modes, nevertheless do not set up a reasonable observation system to and test method, can not effective analysis lubrication flow and temperature characteristic. In summary, the conventional bearing testing machine lacks a test for the flow characteristic and the temperature characteristic of the bearing lubricating oil, and the testing method is blank, so that a testing device for testing the flow characteristic and the temperature characteristic of the rolling bearing lubricating oil needs to be researched, and a testing method is provided for providing support for the optimized design of the lubricating oil and the bearing structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, provides a device for testing the flow and temperature characteristics of the lubricating oil of the rolling bearing based on a high-speed camera and a thermal imager, and provides a method for testing the flow characteristics of the lubricating oil with a tracing factor, so that the flow characteristics and the temperature characteristics of the lubricating oil of the bearing can be effectively observed.
The invention provides a device for testing the flowing and temperature characteristics of lubricating oil of a rolling bearing, which comprises a driving system 1, a box body 2, an observation system 3 and a test bed base 4, wherein the driving system 1, the box body 2 and the observation system 3 are all arranged on the test bed base 4 through bolts; the driving system 1 is connected with the box body 2 through a coupler 12, the driving system 1 is arranged on the left side of the box body 2, the tested bearing 233 is installed on the box body 2, and the observation system 3 is arranged on the right side of the box body 2.
The driving system 1 comprises a driving motor 11, a coupler 12 and a motor base 13; wherein, the output main shaft of the driving motor 11 is connected with the coupling 12, and the torque is transmitted to the main shaft system 21 of the box body 2 through the coupling 12; the upper surface and the lower surface of the motor base 13 are respectively connected with the driving motor 11 and the test bed base 4 through fastening bolts; the rotation speed of the driving motor 11 is controlled to control the rotation speed of the spindle system 21, thereby realizing the speed regulation of the tested bearing system 23.
The box body 2 comprises a main shaft system 21, a loading system 22, a tested bearing system 23, a left upper box cover 24, a right upper box cover 25, a box body base 26 and a box body glass end cover 27; the main shaft system 21 is powered by the driving system 1 to drive the tested bearing system 23, and the loading system 22 loads a load on the tested bearing system 23 to simulate a load working condition.
The box body left upper cover 24 and the box body right upper cover 25 are connected with a box body base 26 through bolts, and the box body base 26 is connected with the test bed base 4 through bolts; the box left upper cover 24 has a fixing function for supporting the bearing seat 212, and the box right upper cover 25 has a fixing function for the radial hydraulic cylinder 222 of the loading system 22 and the box glass end cover 27; the box base 26 supports and fixes the supporting bearing seat 212; the box body glass end cover 27 is connected to the box body right upper cover 25 through bolts, and the material is transparent.
The spindle system 21 comprises a stepped spindle 211, a supporting bearing seat 212, a spindle sleeve 213, a supporting bearing 214, a locking nut 215, a bearing left end cover 216, a bearing right end cover 217 and a lamp source 218; one end of the stepped spindle 211 is connected with the driving motor 11 through a coupler 12, the other end of the stepped spindle is provided with a tested bearing 233, and the middle part of the stepped spindle is provided with two supporting bearings 214 for positioning and supporting so as to prevent the stepped spindle from generating overlarge deflection deformation; the supporting bearing seat 212 is connected with the box body left upper cover 24 and the box body base 26 through bolts, and plays a role in fixing and supporting two supporting bearings 214 on the ladder main shaft 211; the spindle sleeve 213 is arranged on the stepped spindle 211 and positioned between the two support bearings 214, and compresses the end faces of the two support bearings 214 to axially fix the support bearings 214; the locking nut 215 is arranged on the stepped main shaft 211, is engaged with the stepped main shaft 211, and is used for fixing the support bearing 214 positioned on the left side; the bearing left end cover 216 and the bearing right end cover 217 are respectively connected with the left end face and the right end face of the supporting bearing seat 212 through bolts, and the inner parts of the two end covers respectively press the outer rings of the two supporting bearings 214 to prevent the supporting bearings 214 from falling off and shifting; the support bearing 214 limits the axial movement of the stepped spindle 211 and bears the load of the spindle system 21, and the support bearing 214 is in interference fit with the stepped spindle 211 and rotates along with the rotation of the stepped spindle 211; the light source 218 is an annular LED light bar attached to one end of the supporting bearing seat 212 to illuminate the tested bearing 233, so that the observation system 3 can easily observe the tested bearing 233.
The loading system 22 is a hydraulic loading system and comprises an axial hydraulic cylinder 221, a radial hydraulic cylinder 222, an axial loading rod 223 and a radial loading rod 224; the axial hydraulic cylinders 221 are symmetrically arranged on two horizontal sides of the stepped spindle 211, and the tail ends of the axial hydraulic cylinders 221 are connected with loading rods 223 for uniformly transmitting axial loading loads to the tested bearing system 23; the radial hydraulic cylinder 222 is connected with the right upper cover 25 of the box body through a bolt, and the tail end of the radial hydraulic cylinder 222 is connected with a loading rod 224 which can apply radial load to the tested bearing system 23; the loading system 22 is arranged inside the box body 2, so that a space is reserved on the right side of the box body to avoid interference with the observation system 3.
The tested bearing system 23 comprises an axial bearing seat 231, a radial bearing seat 232, a tested bearing 233, a tested bearing inner ring end cover 234 and a radial bearing seat glass end cover 235; the outer ring of the tested bearing 233 is in interference fit with the radial bearing seat 232 through a base shaft system, and the inner ring is positioned through the shaft shoulder of the stepped spindle 211 and is in interference fit with the shaft shoulder through a base hole system; the radial bearing seat 232 is connected with the radial loading rod 224 through a bolt; the axial bearing seat 231 is sleeved on the stepped spindle 211 and is pressed against the radial bearing seat 232 through the axial loading rod 223, and the outer ring of the tested bearing 233 is pressed against the axial bearing seat, so that the axial movement of the tested bearing 233 caused by the action of axial force is avoided, and the axial hydraulic cylinder 221 applies uniform axial load to the tested bearing 233 through the axial bearing seat 231; the inner ring end cover 234 of the tested bearing limits the inner ring of the tested bearing 233 at the tail end of the stepped spindle 211 through a fastening screw, so that the inner ring is prevented from falling off from the stepped spindle 211 in the operation process; the radial bearing seat glass end cover 235 is fastened and connected to the radial bearing seat 232 through bolts, so that the lubricating oil of the tested bearing 233 is prevented from splashing, and the flowing of the lubricating oil in the tested bearing 233 is convenient to observe.
The vision system 3 includes a vision system base 31, a high-speed camera 32, and a thermal imager 33. The observation system base 31 is connected to the test bed base 4 through bolts; the high-speed camera 32 and the thermal imaging camera 33 are connected with the base 31 through bolts and aligned with the bearing 233 to be tested, and the bearing 233 to be tested is simultaneously observed for flow and temperature characteristics through the box glass end cover 27.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for testing the flow and temperature characteristics of the lubricating oil of the rolling bearing, which is based on the device for testing the flow and temperature characteristics of the lubricating oil of the rolling bearing, and comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the lubricating oil into the tracing factor to facilitate observation by the high-speed camera 32;
(2) the lamp source 218 supporting one end of the measured bearing 233 at the right side of the bearing seat 212 is turned on to illuminate the inside of the measured bearing 233, so that the observation of the observation system 3 is facilitated;
(3) starting the driving motor 11 to load the ladder spindle 211; a radial load Fr and an axial load Fa are simultaneously applied to the tested bearing 233 by a hydraulic loading method, and the working environment is simulated;
(4) starting the observation system 3 to make the high-speed camera 32 track the motion characteristics of the tracing factors in the tested bearing 233; the thermal imaging instrument 33 tests the temperature characteristic of the lubricating oil, so that the flow and temperature characteristic test of the lubricating oil under different load actions in a rotating state is realized;
(5) and the lubricating parameters are changed, the flowing and temperature characteristics of the lubricating oil in the tested bearing 233 under different lubricating conditions and working conditions are tested, and the relationship between the lubricating oil working condition parameters and the bearing lubricating oil and temperature is established.
Further, the tracing factor is fluorescent powder.
Further, the lubricating parameters comprise the flow rate and the angle of the lubricating nozzle.
The rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic test device and the test method have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention comprehensively adopts a high-speed camera and a thermal imager, and is matched with a glass end cover structure with one transparent side, and a method of tracing factors in lubricating oil is combined, so that the flow characteristic test of the lubricating oil in a bearing cavity can be visually realized;
(2) the invention simultaneously adopts a thermal imager to obtain the distribution temperature characteristic of the lubricating oil, and is matched with the flow characteristic observation to research the correlation between the flow characteristic and the temperature of the lubricating oil.
(3) According to the invention, a bilateral axial loading mode is adopted, the position of the main shaft is avoided, and meanwhile, the loading system is moved into the box body to leave out the observation end, so that the flowing characteristic of lubricating oil can be conveniently observed;
(4) the invention has two loading devices in axial and radial directions, can carry out composite loading and more truly simulate the loaded working condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1(a) is a view showing the entire structure of a rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic test apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 1(b) and 1(c) are overall sectional views of a rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic test apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2(a) is an isometric view of a drive system of a device for testing the flow and temperature characteristics of lubricating oil for a rolling bearing according to the present invention.
FIG. 2(b) is a view showing a structure of a drive system of the rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic testing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3(a) is a structural view of a housing of a rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic testing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 3(b) and 3(c) are sectional views of a housing of a rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic testing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3(d) is a main shaft structural view of a rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic test apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3(e) is a sectional view of the main shaft of the rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic testing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3(f) is a view showing a structure of a loading system of the rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic testing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3(g) is a sectional view of a loading system of the device for testing flow and temperature characteristics of lubricating oil for a rolling bearing according to the present invention.
Fig. 3(h) is a view showing the structure of the bearing system under test.
FIG. 4 is a view showing a structure of an observation system of a rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic test apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a test stand base of the rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic test device of the present invention.
Fig. 6(a) and 6(b) are schematic diagrams illustrating the operation of the rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic testing device according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1, a driving system; 2, a box body; 3, observing the system; 4, a test bed base; 11 driving a motor; 12, a coupler; 13 motor base; 21 a spindle system; 22 loading the system; 23, a tested bearing system; 24, a left upper cover of the box body; 25, a right upper cover of the box body; 26 a base of the box body; 27 box body glass end covers; 31 observing the system base; a 32 high-speed camera; 33 a thermal imager; 211 a stepped main shaft; 212 support the bearing seat; 213 a spindle sleeve; 214 supporting the bearing; 215 a locking nut; 216 bearing left end cap; 217 bearing right end cover; 218 a light source; 221 an axial hydraulic cylinder; 222 a radial hydraulic cylinder; 223 axially loading the rod; 224 a radial load bar; 231 an axial bearing seat; 232 radial bearing seat; 233 test bearings; 234 inner ring end cover of the tested bearing; 235 radial bearing seats glass end caps.
Detailed Description
The following further describes a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings and technical solutions.
It is to be understood that the appended drawings are not to scale, but are merely drawn with appropriate simplifications to illustrate various features of the basic principles of the invention. Specific design features of the invention disclosed herein, including, for example, specific dimensions, orientations, locations, and configurations, will be determined in part by the particular intended application and use environment.
In the several figures of the drawings, identical or equivalent components (elements) are referenced with the same reference numerals.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
With reference to fig. 1(a) to 1(c), the rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic testing device comprises a driving system 1, a box body 2, an observation system 3 and a test bed base 4; the driving system 1, the box body 2 and the observation system 3 are all arranged on the test bed base 4 through bolts; the driving system 1 is connected with the box body 2 through a coupler 12, the driving system 1 is arranged on the left side of the box body 2 and used for loading the tested bearing 233, the tested bearing 233 is installed on the box body 2, and the observation system 3 is arranged on the right side of the box body 2.
With reference to fig. 2(a) and 2(b), the driving system 1 includes a driving motor 11, a coupling 12, and a motor base 13; wherein, the output main shaft of the driving motor 11 is connected with the coupling 12, and the torque is transmitted to the main shaft system 21 of the box body 2 through the coupling 12; the upper surface and the lower surface of the motor base 13 are respectively connected with the driving motor 11 and the test bed base 4 through fastening bolts; by controlling the rotation speed of the driving motor 11, the rotation speed of the spindle system 21 can be controlled, and thus the speed adjustment of the tested bearing system 23 can be realized.
Referring to fig. 3(a) to 3(c), the box 2 includes a spindle system 21, a loading system 22, a tested bearing system 23, a left upper box cover 24, a right upper box cover 25, a base 26 and a glass end cover 27. The main shaft system 21 is powered by the driving system 1 to drive the tested bearing system 23, and the loading system 22 loads the tested bearing system 23 to simulate a load working condition.
The box body left upper cover 24 and the box body right upper cover 25 are connected with a box body base 26 through bolts, and the box body base 26 is connected with the test bed base 4 through bolts; the box left upper cover 24 has a fixing function on the supporting bearing seat 212, and the box right upper cover 25 has a fixing function on the radial hydraulic cylinder 222 and the box glass end cover 27 of the loading system 22; the box base 26 supports and fixes the supporting bearing seat 212; the box body glass end cover 27 is connected to the box body right upper cover 25 through a bolt, and is made of transparent materials, so that observation of an observation system is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 3(d) and 3(e), the spindle system 21 includes a stepped spindle 211, a support bearing seat 212, a spindle sleeve 213, a support bearing 214, a lock nut 215, a left bearing cover 216, a right bearing cover 217, and a light source 218. One end of the stepped spindle 211 is connected with the driving motor 11 through a coupler 12, the other end of the stepped spindle is provided with a tested bearing 233, and the middle part of the stepped spindle is provided with two supporting bearings 214 for positioning and supporting so as to prevent the stepped spindle from generating overlarge deflection deformation; the supporting bearing seat 212 is connected with the box body left upper cover 24 and the box body base 26 through bolts, and plays a role in fixing and supporting two supporting bearings 214 on the ladder main shaft 211; the spindle sleeve 213 is arranged on the stepped spindle 211 and positioned between the two support bearings 214, and compresses the end faces of the two support bearings 214 to axially fix the support bearings 214; the locking nut 215 is arranged on the stepped main shaft 211, is engaged with the stepped main shaft 211, and is used for fixing the support bearing 214 positioned on the left side; the bearing left end cover 216 and the bearing right end cover 217 are respectively connected with the left end face and the right end face of the supporting bearing seat 212 through bolts, and the inner parts of the two end covers respectively press the outer rings of the two supporting bearings 214 to prevent the supporting bearings 214 from falling off and shifting; the support bearing 214 limits the axial movement of the stepped spindle 211 and bears the main load of the spindle system 21, and the support bearing 214 is in interference fit with the stepped spindle 211 and rotates along with the rotation of the stepped spindle 211; the light source 218 is an annular LED light bar attached to one end of the supporting bearing seat 212 to illuminate the tested bearing 233, so that the observation system 3 can observe the tested bearing 233 more easily.
Referring to fig. 3(f) and 3(g), the loading system 22 is a hydraulic loading system, and includes an axial hydraulic cylinder 221, a radial hydraulic cylinder 222, an axial loading rod 223, and a radial loading rod 224. The axial hydraulic cylinders 221 are symmetrically arranged on two horizontal sides of the stepped spindle 211, and the tail ends of the axial hydraulic cylinders 221 are connected with loading rods 223 for uniformly transmitting axial loading loads to the tested bearing system 23; the radial hydraulic cylinder 222 is connected with the right upper cover 25 of the box body through a bolt, and the tail end of the radial hydraulic cylinder is connected with a loading rod 224 which can apply radial load to the tested bearing system 23; the loading system 22 is arranged inside the box body 2, so that a space is reserved on the right side of the box body to avoid interference with the observation system 3.
Referring to fig. 3(h), the tested bearing system 23 includes an axial bearing seat 231, a radial bearing seat 232, a tested bearing 233, a tested bearing inner ring end cover 234 and a radial bearing seat glass end cover 235. The outer ring of the tested bearing 233 is in interference fit with a base shaft of the radial bearing seat 232, the inner ring is positioned through a shaft shoulder of the stepped spindle 211 and is in interference fit with the stepped spindle by adopting a base hole mode, and the high pre-tightening rigidity is used for avoiding the overlarge stress deformation of the spindle-inner ring and the bearing seat-outer ring caused by instantaneous overload in the testing process of the tested bearing 233; the radial bearing seat 232 is connected with the radial loading rod 224 through a bolt; the axial bearing seat 231 is sleeved on the stepped spindle 211 and is pressed against the radial bearing seat 232 through the axial loading rod 223, and the outer ring of the tested bearing 233 is pressed against the axial bearing seat, so that the axial movement of the tested bearing 233 caused by the action of axial force is avoided, and the axial hydraulic cylinder 221 applies uniform axial load to the tested bearing 233 through the axial bearing seat 231; the inner ring end cover 234 of the tested bearing limits the inner ring of the tested bearing 233 at the tail end of the stepped spindle 211 through a fastening screw, so that the inner ring is prevented from falling off from the stepped spindle 211 in the operation process; the radial bearing seat glass end cover 235 is fastened and connected to the radial bearing seat 232 through bolts, so that the lubricating oil of the tested bearing 233 is prevented from splashing, and the flowing of the lubricating oil in the tested bearing 233 is convenient to observe.
Referring to fig. 4, the vision system 3 includes a vision system base 31, a high-speed camera 32, and a thermal imager 33. The observation system base 31 is connected to the test bed base 4 through bolts; the high-speed camera 32 and the thermal imaging camera 33 are connected with the base 31 through bolts and aligned with the bearing 233 to be tested, and the bearing 233 to be tested is simultaneously observed for flow and temperature characteristics through the box glass end cover 27.
With reference to fig. 6(a) and 6(b), based on the proposed rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic testing apparatus, the rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic testing method includes the following steps:
(1) firstly, adding a tracing factor into the lubricating oil, wherein the tracing factor is preferably fluorescent powder and is convenient for observation by a high-speed camera 32;
(2) the light source 218 at one end of the tested bearing 233 at the right side of the supporting bearing seat 212 is turned on to illuminate the interior of the tested bearing 233, so that the observation of the observation system 3 is facilitated;
(3) starting the driving motor 11 to load the main shaft 211 of the ladder; a radial load Fr and an axial load Fa are simultaneously applied to the tested bearing 233 by a hydraulic loading method, and the working environment is simulated;
(4) starting the observation system 3 to enable the high-speed camera 32 to visually track the motion characteristics of the tracing factors in the tested bearing 233; the thermal imaging instrument 33 tests the temperature characteristic of the lubricating oil, so that the flow and temperature characteristic test of the lubricating oil under different load actions in a rotating state is realized;
(4) and the flow, angle and other lubrication parameters of the lubrication nozzle are changed, and the flowing and temperature characteristics of the lubricating oil in the tested bearing 233 under different lubrication conditions and working conditions are tested. And establishing the relation between the working condition parameters of the lubricating oil and the temperature of the bearing.
The above description of exemplary embodiments has been presented only to illustrate the technical solution of the invention and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching to those skilled in the art. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable others skilled in the art to understand, implement and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various alternatives and modifications. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. The device for testing the flow and temperature characteristics of the lubricating oil of the rolling bearing is characterized by comprising a driving system (1), a box body (2), an observation system (3) and a test bed base (4), wherein the driving system (1), the box body (2) and the observation system (3) are all arranged on the test bed base (4) through bolts; the driving system (1) is connected with the box body (2) through a coupler (12), the driving system (1) is arranged on the left side of the box body (2), the box body (2) is provided with a tested bearing (233), and the right side of the box body (2) is provided with the observation system (3);
the driving system (1) comprises a driving motor (11), a coupler (12) and a motor base (13); the output main shaft of the driving motor (11) is connected with a coupling (12), and the torque is transmitted to a main shaft system (21) of the box body (2) through the coupling (12); the upper surface and the lower surface of the motor base (13) are respectively connected with the driving motor (11) and the test bed base (4) through fastening bolts; the rotating speed of the main shaft system (21) is controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the driving motor (11), so that the speed regulation of the tested bearing system (23) is realized;
the box body (2) comprises a main shaft system (21), a loading system (22), a tested bearing system (23), a left upper box cover (24), a right upper box cover (25), a box body base (26) and a box body glass end cover (27); the main shaft system (21) is powered by the driving system (1) to drive the tested bearing system (23), and meanwhile, the loading system (22) loads a load on the tested bearing system (23) to simulate a load working condition;
the box body left upper cover (24) and the box body right upper cover (25) are connected with a box body base (26) through bolts, and the box body base (26) is connected with the test bed base (4) through bolts; the left upper cover (24) of the box body has a fixing function on the supporting bearing seat (212), and the right upper cover (25) of the box body has a fixing function on a radial hydraulic cylinder (222) of the loading system 22 and a glass end cover (27) of the box body; the box body base (26) plays a role in supporting and fixing the supporting bearing seat (212); the box body glass end cover (27) is connected to the right upper cover (25) of the box body through a bolt, and the material is transparent;
the main shaft system (21) comprises a stepped main shaft (211), a supporting bearing seat (212), a main shaft sleeve (213), a supporting bearing (214), a locking nut (215), a bearing left end cover (216), a bearing right end cover (217) and a lamp source (218); one end of the stepped spindle (211) is connected with the driving motor (11) through a coupler (12), the other end of the stepped spindle is provided with a tested bearing (233), and the middle part of the stepped spindle is provided with two supporting bearings (214) for positioning and supporting so as to prevent the stepped spindle from generating overlarge deflection deformation; the supporting bearing seat (212) is connected with the left upper cover (24) of the box body and the base (26) of the box body through bolts, and plays a role in fixing and supporting two supporting bearings (214) on the ladder main shaft (211); the main shaft sleeve (213) is arranged on the stepped main shaft (211) and positioned between the two supporting bearings (214), compresses the end faces of the two supporting bearings (214), and axially fixes the supporting bearings (214); the locking nut (215) is arranged on the stepped main shaft (211), is meshed with the stepped main shaft (211) and is used for fixing the support bearing (214) positioned on the left side; the bearing left end cover (216) and the bearing right end cover (217) are respectively connected with the left end face and the right end face of the supporting bearing seat (212) through bolts, and the inner parts of the two end covers respectively press the outer rings of the two supporting bearings (214) to prevent the supporting bearings (214) from falling off and moving; the support bearing (214) limits the axial movement of the stepped main shaft (211) and bears the load of the main shaft system (21), and the support bearing (214) is in interference fit with the stepped main shaft (211) and rotates along with the rotation of the stepped main shaft (211); the lamp source (218) is an annular LED lamp strip and is attached to one end of the supporting bearing seat (212) to illuminate the tested bearing (233), so that the observation system (3) can easily observe the tested bearing (233);
the loading system (22) is a hydraulic loading system and comprises an axial hydraulic cylinder (221), a radial hydraulic cylinder (222), an axial loading rod (223) and a radial loading rod (224); the axial hydraulic cylinders (221) are symmetrically arranged on two horizontal sides of the stepped main shaft (211), and the tail ends of the axial hydraulic cylinders (221) are connected with loading rods (223) for uniformly transmitting axial loading loads to the tested bearing system (23); the radial hydraulic cylinder (222) is connected with a right upper cover (25) of the box body through a bolt, the tail end of the radial hydraulic cylinder (222) is connected with a loading rod (224), and radial load is applied to the tested bearing system (23); the loading system (22) is arranged on the inner side of the box body (2), so that a space is reserved on the right side of the box body, and the interference with the observation system (3) is avoided;
the tested bearing system (23) comprises an axial bearing seat (231), a radial bearing seat (232), a tested bearing (233), a tested bearing inner ring end cover (234) and a radial bearing seat glass end cover (235); the outer ring of the tested bearing (233) is in interference fit with the radial bearing seat (232) through a base shaft system, and the inner ring of the tested bearing is positioned through a shaft shoulder of the stepped spindle (211) and is in interference fit with the shaft shoulder through a base hole system; the radial bearing seat (232) is connected with the radial loading rod (224) through a bolt; the axial bearing seat (231) is sleeved on the stepped spindle (211) and is pressed on the radial bearing seat (232) through the axial loading rod (223), the outer ring of the tested bearing (233) is pressed, axial movement of the tested bearing (233) caused by the action of axial force is avoided, and the axial hydraulic cylinder (221) applies uniform axial load to the tested bearing (233) through the axial bearing seat (231); the inner ring end cover (234) of the tested bearing limits the inner ring of the tested bearing (233) to the tail end of the stepped spindle (211) through a fastening screw, so that the inner ring is prevented from falling off from the stepped spindle (211) in the operation process; the radial bearing seat glass end cover (235) is fixedly connected to the radial bearing seat (232) through bolts, so that the lubricating oil splashing of the tested bearing (233) is prevented, and the flowing of the lubricating oil in the tested bearing (233) is conveniently observed;
the observation system (3) comprises an observation system base (31), a high-speed camera (32) and a thermal imager (33); the observation system base (31) is connected to the test bed base (4) through a bolt; the high-speed camera (32) and the thermal imaging instrument (33) are connected with the base (31) through bolts and aligned with the bearing (233) to be tested, and the bearing (233) to be tested is simultaneously observed in terms of flow and temperature characteristics through the box body glass end cover (27).
2. A rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic test method, which is characterized in that the rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic test method is based on the rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic test device of claim 1, and comprises the following steps:
1) adding the lubricating oil into a tracing factor to facilitate observation of a high-speed camera (32);
2) a lamp source (218) at one end of a tested bearing (233) at the right side of the supporting bearing seat (212) is turned on to illuminate the interior of the tested bearing (233), so that the observation of the observation system (3) is facilitated;
3) starting a driving motor (11) to load the main shaft (211) of the ladder; the radial load Fr and the axial load Fa are simultaneously applied to the tested bearing (233) by a hydraulic loading method, and the working environment is simulated;
4) starting the observation system (3) to enable the high-speed camera (32) to track the motion characteristic of the tracing factor in the tested bearing (233); the thermal imaging instrument (33) is used for testing the temperature characteristic of the lubricating oil, so that the flow and temperature characteristic test of the lubricating oil under different load effects in a rotating state is realized;
5) and changing the lubricating parameters, testing the flowing and temperature characteristics of the lubricating oil in the tested bearing (233) under different lubricating conditions and working conditions, and establishing the relationship between the lubricating oil working condition parameters and the lubricating oil and temperature of the bearing.
3. The method for testing the flow and temperature characteristics of lubricating oil for rolling bearings according to claim 2, wherein the tracer factor is a phosphor.
4. A method for testing the flow and temperature characteristics of rolling bearing lubricating oil according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the lubricating parameters include the flow rate and angle of the lubricating nozzle.
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