CN109341509B - Rolling bearing lubrication film thickness measuring device and method - Google Patents
Rolling bearing lubrication film thickness measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109341509B CN109341509B CN201811574497.2A CN201811574497A CN109341509B CN 109341509 B CN109341509 B CN 109341509B CN 201811574497 A CN201811574497 A CN 201811574497A CN 109341509 B CN109341509 B CN 109341509B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- frame
- box
- test bearing
- lubricating film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
- G01B7/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using capacitive means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring the lubrication film thickness of a rolling bearing, wherein the device comprises an outer frame, an inner frame, a bearing box, a test bearing, magnetic coupling, a support bearing, a thermocouple, an elastic suspension system, an air spring, a connecting cable, a capacitance compensation box and a data acquisition box; measuring the capacitance change between the inner ring and the outer ring of the tested bearing, processing the capacitance change by a data acquisition box, transmitting the processed capacitance change to a PC (personal computer), converting the output voltage into a lubricating film thickness value by the PC after data processing, and storing the lubricating film thickness value; the device for measuring the lubricating film thickness of the rolling bearing reduces the manufacturing cost while measuring the lubricating film thickness of the rolling bearing by using a capacitance method, and is suitable for nondestructive testing of real-time lubricating conditions of various rolling bearings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a measuring device and a measuring method for a lubricating film thickness of a rolling bearing, and belongs to the technical field of bearing lubricating state monitoring.
Background
Rolling bearings are the most widely used basic components in the equipment and manufacturing industries, except for nuts and bolts, and play a role in high-end equipment. The demands of various industries on rolling bearings are continuously improved through the development of high-speed industries in recent 40 years in China. However, the quality level of rolling bearings has become a fort limiting the complete autonomous manufacture of rolling bearings in the fields of high-speed railways, high-precision machine tools, wind turbines and aircraft engines in China. It is not fully counted that more than half of the bearing failures in the world result from lubrication problems. The main reason for lubrication problem is that the lubrication film is damaged, so that the lubrication film cannot completely separate the rolling bodies from the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing, namely, direct contact occurs between friction pair materials and severe scraping occurs, so that the friction pair materials are severely worn, and finally, the bearing is disabled. Therefore, monitoring the real-time lubrication film thickness of the rolling bearing is of great value in order to improve the safety and service life of the rolling bearing. However, because of the complex structure and dynamic running state of the rolling bearing, the measurement of the thickness of the lubricating oil film in the rolling bearing is a key technology for diagnosing the running state of the rolling bearing and is also a parameter with the greatest detection difficulty.
In recent years, with the development of scientific technology in China, the research on the technology of measuring the thickness of the lubricating film in the contact area of the friction pair in China is more and more emphasized, and related research and measurement equipment are very much provided, such as the Chinese patent publication number CN103196381A, and the name is: the novel elastohydrodynamic lubrication film thickness measuring method based on optical interference has the following defects: optical interferometry requires that one of the contact materials has a good light transmission, and therefore cannot be used industrially in rolling bearings. Another example is chinese patent grant publication No. CN103335616a, entitled: the ultrasonic method is not widely applied to the elastohydrodynamic film thickness test at present because of the difficulty in distance and practical application, although the penetration capability of the ultrasonic method makes up for the defects of an optical interferometry. The thickness value of the lubricating oil film in the rolling bearing is generally in the micron level, the direct measurement mode is difficult, and the capacitance test method is a mature technology and is a recognized method for effectively detecting the thickness of the lubricating oil film of the rolling bearing. The principle of the capacitance test method is to judge the thickness of the oil film by measuring the capacitance value between two objects, and the capacitance test method is a simple and convenient method for quantitatively measuring the thickness of the oil film.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for measuring the thickness of a lubricating film of a rolling bearing, which can be used for detecting and acquiring the thickness information of the lubricating film of the rolling bearing in actual working conditions by combining a capacitance measurement technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the device comprises an outer frame, a supporting bearing, a main shaft, a permanent magnet, a direct current motor, a test bearing, a bearing box, a chuck, a thermocouple, an elastic suspension system, a folding plate spring, an inner frame, an air spring, a linear bearing, a bracket, a stepping motor, a capacitance compensation box, a connecting cable, a data acquisition box and a PC; measuring the capacitance change between the inner ring and the outer ring of the tested bearing, processing the capacitance change by a data acquisition box, transmitting the processed capacitance change to a PC (personal computer), converting the output voltage into a lubricating film thickness value by the PC after data processing, and storing the lubricating film thickness value;
the supporting shaft is supported on the inner side of the outer frame, and the inner ring of the supporting bearing is matched with the outer diameter of the main shaft; the outer end of the main shaft is provided with a permanent magnet, and the outer diameter of the inner end of the main shaft is matched with the inner ring of the test bearing; the permanent magnet at the outer end of the main shaft is matched with the other permanent magnet at the end part of the main shaft of the direct current motor, so that the direct current motor outputs power to the main shaft; the direct current motor is connected with the PC, and the rotating speed of the inner ring of the bearing is controlled and tested through the PC;
the test bearing is loaded in the bearing box, and the side surface of the test bearing is matched with the chuck; a thermocouple is arranged in the bearing box, and the temperature of the outer ring of the test bearing is measured; the elastic suspension system is matched with the other side of the chuck and is connected with the inner frame through a folding plate spring;
the inner frame is connected with the outer frame through a pair of air springs; the linear bearing connects the rotating shaft of the stepping motor under the support of the bracket; the capacitance compensation box is connected with the inner ring and the outer ring of the test bearing through a connecting cable, and the data acquisition box is connected with the capacitance compensation box; the PC is respectively connected with the data acquisition box, the thermocouple, the direct current motor and the stepping motor, the voltage value output by the data acquisition box and the temperature value recorded by the thermocouple are synchronously stored in real time, the direct current motor is controlled to apply different rotating speeds to the test bearing, and the stepping motor is controlled to load different axial and radial loads to the test bearing.
Preferably, in the device for measuring the lubricating film thickness of the rolling bearing, the outer frame comprises a front rectangular frame and a rear rectangular frame which are identical in shape and size, the front rectangular frame and the rear rectangular frame are connected through two pairs of cylindrical ribs which are mutually intersected, and the middle parts of the side walls of the left side and the right side of the front rectangular frame and the rear rectangular frame are respectively provided with a rectangular rib;
two mutually-intersected rectangular oblique ribs are arranged at opposite corners of the front rectangular frame, and a rectangular transverse rib is arranged at the center of the left and right frames of the front rectangular frame; the rectangular oblique ribs and the rectangular transverse ribs are disconnected at the center of the front rectangular frame to form a center ring, the supporting shaft is supported in the center ring, the main shaft is arranged in the supporting bearing in a penetrating mode, and the tail portion of the main shaft is connected with the testing bearing; the rear rectangular frame has the same structure as the front rectangular frame.
Preferably, in the device for measuring the thickness of the lubricating film of the rolling bearing, the bearing housing is arranged in the inner frame, the bearing housing comprises a small semicircular clamping strip and a large semicircular clamping strip, and the small semicircular clamping strip and the large semicircular clamping strip are identical in width and are connected through four bolts so as to fix the test bearing in the radial direction.
Preferably, in the device for measuring the thickness of the lubricating film of the rolling bearing, the chuck is arranged in the bearing box, and the test bearing is fixed in the chuck;
two round holes are formed in the lower side of the large semicircular clamping strip of the bearing box, the round holes are respectively provided with a thermocouple installation hole and a connecting cable interface, and the thermocouple is installed in the thermocouple installation hole to measure the temperature of the outer ring of the test bearing and transmit the measured temperature to a PC for storage; the test bearing outer race is connected to the capacitance compensation box by a connection cable interface.
Preferably, in the device for measuring the lubricating film thickness of the rolling bearing, the bearing box is arranged in the inner frame through an elastic suspension system, and the inner frame is formed by connecting a front annular frame and a tail annular frame through three pairs of cylindrical rods which are intersected at an angle of 30 degrees;
the side of anterior annular frame all sets up a flat mouth, installs air spring in flat mouthful department, air spring on the anterior annular frame is connected with the rectangle rib of outer frame center department set up an air spring on the afterbody annular frame as well, air spring on the afterbody annular frame is connected with the circular seat of back rectangle frame center department.
Preferably, in the device for measuring the thickness of the lubricating film of the rolling bearing, the elastic suspension system is installed in the inner frame, the elastic suspension system comprises a base, a top annular seat and a connecting cylinder, three identical folding leaf springs are arranged on the base, the base is connected with the front annular frame of the inner frame through the three folding leaf springs, the connecting cylinder is fixed on the base, and the top annular seat is fixed on the connecting cylinder.
Preferably, in the device for measuring the thickness of the lubricating film of the rolling bearing, the top annular seat of the elastic suspension system is connected with the chuck in the bearing box, the base is connected with the air spring on the tail annular frame, two leaf springs are symmetrically arranged on the base, and the two leaf springs are respectively connected with the rectangular ribs arranged in the middle of the side walls on the left side and the right side of the outer frame.
Preferably, in the device for measuring the lubrication film thickness of the rolling bearing, two groups of power groups are arranged on the side edge of the outer frame, and one group of power groups is arranged in the radial direction of the test bearing and is a radial power group; the other group of power sets is arranged in the axial direction of the test bearing and is an axial power set, and the two groups of power sets have the same structure.
Preferably, in the device for measuring the lubrication film thickness of the rolling bearing, the power unit comprises a linear bearing, a bracket and a stepping motor, wherein the linear bearing and the stepping motor are both arranged on the bracket, one end of the linear bearing is connected with the stepping motor, and the other end of the linear bearing is connected with an outer frame.
The method for testing the thickness of the lubricating film of the rolling bearing is realized by adopting the device for measuring the thickness of the lubricating film of the rolling bearing, and comprises the following steps of:
(1) Test bearing loading: loading a test bearing filled with lubricant at the tail part of the main shaft, and loading the test bearing into a bearing box;
(2) And (3) calibrating and debugging the system: under the condition of loading the test bearing, adjusting the optional compensation capacitance value on the capacitance compensation box until the voltage value displayed by the PC is equal to zero;
(3) Rolling bearing testing was performed: driving a stepping motor to load a measurement load, then driving a direct current motor to apply a measurement rotating speed to a test bearing, converting a capacitance value obtained by measurement into an output voltage value by a data acquisition box, transmitting the output voltage value to a PC (personal computer) and storing the output voltage value in real time, wherein the PC synchronously stores the real-time temperature of an outer ring of the test bearing recorded by a thermocouple, the real-time rotating speed of the test bearing driven by the direct current motor and the real-time load loaded by the stepping motor;
(4) Establishing a mathematical relationship between the output voltage and the lubricating film thickness: injecting lubricating oil with known viscosity into a test bearing for testing, and comparing the output voltage value with a lubricating film thickness value calculated by a lubricating film empirical calculation formula to obtain a mathematical relationship between the output voltage and the lubricating film thickness value;
(5) Substituting the measured output voltage value into a mathematical relation between the output voltage and the lubricating film thickness value by the PC to obtain the real-time lubricating film thickness value of the test bearing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and outstanding effects:
the invention can effectively obtain the thickness of the oil film at the contact point of the friction pair of the rolling bearing by adopting a capacitance measurement technology, thereby creating conditions for researching the tribological characteristics of the rolling bearing. The method can detect the lubrication condition of the rolling bearing under the actual working condition, and is favorable for timely finding out the local lubrication failure or even the collision and abrasion condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the outer frame of the measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the bearing housing of the measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the elastic suspension system of the measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a lubrication film thickness measurement using the test apparatus of the present invention;
the drawings above show:
outer frame (1), supporting bearing (2), main shaft (3), permanent magnet (4), test bearing (5), bearing box (6), chuck (7), elastic suspension system (8), folding leaf spring (9), inner frame (10), air spring (11), linear bearing (12), support (13), step motor (14), capacitance compensation box (15), data acquisition box (16), PC (17), front rectangular frame (101), back rectangular frame (102), cylindrical rib (103), rectangular rib (104), rectangular diagonal rib (105), rectangular horizontal rib (106), center ring (107), circular seat (108), thermocouple (601), big semicircle card strip (602), small semicircle card strip (603), connecting cable interface (604), base (801), top annular seat (802), connecting cylinder (803), front annular frame (1001), tail annular frame (1002), cylindrical rod (1003), and leaf spring (1004).
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more particular description thereof will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings. The present specification and drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention, but the invention may be embodied in many different forms and are not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete. In the drawings, like structural elements are denoted by like reference numerals.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a measuring device for the thickness of a rolling bearing lubricating film comprises an outer frame (1), a supporting bearing (2), a main shaft (3), a permanent magnet (4), a direct current motor, a test bearing (5), a bearing box (6), a chuck (7), a thermocouple (601), an elastic suspension system (8), a folding plate spring (9), an inner frame (10), an air spring (11), a linear bearing (12), a bracket (13), a stepping motor (14), a capacitance compensation box (15), a connecting cable, a data acquisition box (16) and a PC (17). The capacitance change between the inner ring and the outer ring of the tested bearing is measured, the output voltage is transmitted to the PC after being processed by the data acquisition box, and the PC converts the output voltage into a lubricating film thickness value and stores the lubricating film thickness value after the data processing.
The supporting bearing (2) is arranged on the inner side of the outer frame (1), and the inner ring of the supporting bearing (2) is matched with the outer diameter of the main shaft (3); the outer end of the main shaft (3) is provided with a permanent magnet (4), and the outer diameter of the inner end of the main shaft (3) is matched with the inner ring of the test bearing (5); the permanent magnet (4) at the outer end of the main shaft (3) is matched with the other permanent magnet (4) at the end part of the main shaft (3) of the direct current motor, so that the output power of the direct current motor is outputted to the main shaft (3); the direct current motor is connected with a PC, and the rotating speed of the inner ring of the test bearing (5) is controlled by the PC; the test bearing (5) is loaded in the bearing box (6) and the side surface of the test bearing is matched with the chuck (7); a thermocouple (601) is arranged in the bearing box (6) and is used for measuring the temperature of the outer ring of the test bearing (5); the elastic suspension system (8) is matched with the other side of the chuck (7) and is connected with the inner frame (10) through a folding plate spring (9); the inner frame (10) is connected with the outer frame (1) through a pair of air springs (11); the linear bearing (12) connects the rotating shaft of the stepping motor (14) under the support of the bracket (13); the capacitance compensation box is connected with the inner ring and the outer ring of the connecting cable test bearing (5), and the data acquisition box is connected with the capacitance compensation box; the PC is respectively connected with the data acquisition box, the thermocouple (601), the direct current motor and the stepping motor (14), the voltage value output by the data acquisition box and the temperature value recorded by the thermocouple (601) are synchronously stored in real time, the direct current motor is controlled to apply different rotating speeds to the test bearing (5), and the stepping motor (14) is controlled to load different axial and radial loads to the test bearing (5).
The outer frame (1) comprises a front rectangular frame (101) and a rear rectangular frame (102) which are identical in appearance size, the front rectangular frame (101) is connected with the rear rectangular frame (102) through two pairs of cylindrical ribs (103) which are mutually intersected, and rectangular ribs (104) are respectively arranged in the middle of the side walls of the left side and the right side of the front rectangular frame (101) and the rear rectangular frame (102); two mutually-intersected rectangular oblique ribs (105) are arranged at opposite corners of the front rectangular frame (101), and a rectangular transverse rib (106) is arranged at the centers of the left frame and the right frame of the front rectangular frame (101); the rectangular oblique ribs (105) and the rectangular transverse ribs (106) are disconnected at the center of the front rectangular frame (101) to form a center ring (107), the supporting bearing (2) is arranged in the center ring (107), the main shaft (3) is arranged in the supporting bearing (2) in a penetrating way, and the tail part of the main shaft (3) is connected with the test bearing (5); the rear rectangular frame (102) has the same structure as the front rectangular frame (101), and is different in that a rectangular oblique rib (105) and a rectangular transverse rib (106) of the front rectangular frame are disconnected at the center of the front rectangular frame (101) to form a center ring (107); a circular seat (108) is formed at the center of the front rectangular frame (101) by a rectangular diagonal rib (105) and a rectangular transverse rib (106) of the rear rectangular frame.
The bearing box (6) is arranged in the inner frame (10), the bearing box (6) comprises a small semicircular clamping strip (603) and a large semicircular clamping strip (602), and the small semicircular clamping strip (603) and the large semicircular clamping strip (602) are identical in width and are connected through four bolts so as to fix the test bearing (5) in the radial direction. Preferably, the chuck (7) is arranged in the bearing box (6), and the test bearing (5) is fixed in the chuck (7); two round holes are formed in the lower side of a large semicircular clamping strip (602) of the bearing box (6), the round holes are respectively provided with a thermocouple (601) mounting hole and a connecting cable interface (604), and the thermocouple (601) is arranged in the thermocouple (601) mounting hole to measure the temperature of the outer ring of the test bearing (5) and transmit the measured temperature to a PC for storage; the outer ring of the test bearing (5) is connected to the capacitance compensation box by a connection cable interface (604).
The bearing box (6) is arranged in the inner frame (10) through an elastic suspension system (8), and the inner frame (10) is formed by connecting a front annular frame (1001) and a tail annular frame (1002) through three pairs of cylindrical rods (1003) which are intersected at an angle of 30 degrees; the side of anterior annular frame (1001) all sets up a flat mouth, installs air spring (11) in flat mouthful department, air spring (11) on anterior annular frame (1001) are connected with rectangular rib (104) of outer frame (1) frame center department air spring (11) are also set up on afterbody annular frame (1002), air spring (11) on afterbody annular frame (1002) are connected with circular seat (108) of back rectangular frame (102) center department.
The elastic suspension system (8) is installed in the inner frame (10), the elastic suspension system (8) comprises a base (801), a top annular seat (802) and a connecting cylinder (803), three identical folding leaf springs (9) are arranged on the base (801), the base (801) is connected with a front annular frame (1001) of the inner frame (10) through the three folding leaf springs (9), the connecting cylinder (803) is fixed on the base (801), and the top annular seat (802) is fixed on the connecting cylinder (803). Preferably, the top annular seat (802) of the elastic suspension system (8) is connected with the chuck (7) in the bearing box (6), the base (801) is connected with the air spring (11) on the tail annular frame (1002), two leaf springs (1004) are symmetrically arranged on the base (801), and the two leaf springs (1004) are respectively connected with the rectangular ribs (104) arranged in the middle of the side walls of the left side and the right side of the outer frame (1).
Two groups of power groups are arranged on the side edge of the outer frame (1), and one group of power groups is arranged in the radial direction of the test bearing (5) and is a radial power group; the other group of power sets is arranged in the axial direction of the test bearing (5) and is an axial power set, and the two groups of power sets have the same structure. The power set comprises a linear bearing (12), a support (13) and a stepping motor (14), wherein the linear bearing (12) and the stepping motor (14) are both arranged on the support (13), one end of the linear bearing (12) is connected with the stepping motor (14), and the other end of the linear bearing (12) is connected with an outer frame (1).
As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, the supporting bearing (2) is arranged on the inner side of a central ring (107) of the front rectangular frame (101) on the outer frame (1), and the inner ring of the supporting bearing (2) is matched with the outer diameter of the main shaft (3). The outer end of the main shaft (3) is provided with a permanent magnet (4), and the outer diameter of the inner end of the main shaft (3) is matched with the inner ring of the test bearing (5). The outer end of the main shaft (3) is of a copper structure, the upper permanent magnet (4) of the main shaft is matched with the other permanent magnet at the end part of the main shaft of the direct current motor, the output power of the direct current motor is transmitted to the main shaft (3), the main shaft (3) drives the inner ring of the test bearing (5) to rotate, the direct current motor is connected with a PC, and the rotating speed of the inner ring of the test bearing (5) can be controlled through the PC, so that the lubricating film thickness of the rolling bearing under different rotating speed conditions can be tested. The test bearing (5) is loaded in a bearing housing (6) and its side faces cooperate with a chuck (7). A thermocouple (601) is arranged in the bearing box (6) to measure the temperature of the outer ring of the test bearing (5). The elastic suspension system (8) is matched with the other side of the chuck (7) and is connected with the inner frame (10) through the folding plate spring (9). The inner frame (10) is connected to the outer frame (1) by a pair of air springs (11). The linear bearing (12) transmits the power of the stepping motor (14) to the air spring (11) under the support of the bracket (13) and finally applies an axial load to the test bearing (5).The radial load of the test bearing (5) is applied after the power of the other stepping motor is transmitted to the outer frame (1) by the other linear bearing. The capacitance compensation box is connected with the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing (5) through a connecting cable, the data acquisition box is connected with the capacitance compensation box, and the measured capacitance signal is converted into a voltage value (V) Output of ) The test bearing is transmitted to a PC, the PC is connected with a data acquisition box, a thermocouple, a direct current motor and a stepping motor, the voltage value output by the data acquisition box and the temperature value recorded by the thermocouple are synchronously stored in real time, the direct current motor is controlled to apply different rotating speeds to the test bearing, and the stepping motor is controlled to load different axial and radial loads to the test bearing.
The structure of the outer frame (1) of the device is shown in figure 3. The outer frame (1) is formed by connecting a front rectangular frame (101) and a rear rectangular frame (102) which are identical in appearance size through an upper cylindrical rib (103) and a lower cylindrical rib (103) which are mutually intersected, and a pair of rectangular ribs (104) at the centers of a left frame and a right frame. Two mutually crossed rectangular oblique ribs (105) are connected at opposite angles of the front rectangular frame (101), and a rectangular transverse rib (106) is connected at the centers of the left and right frames. The rectangular diagonal ribs (105) are disconnected from the rectangular transverse ribs (106) at the center of the front rectangular frame (101) and are connected by a central ring (107). The shape and the connection mode of the rear rectangular frame (102) are consistent with those of the front rectangular frame (101), and the only difference is that the diagonal ribs and the transverse ribs are connected by a circular seat (108) at one end of the center of the frame, and the outer diameter of the center ring (107) is consistent with that of the circular seat (108). The layout improves the rigidity of the whole device and maintains certain elasticity, so that the outer frame (1) can have a small deformation when being stressed.
The structure of the bearing box (6) of the device is shown in fig. 4. The inner ring of the test bearing (5) is matched with the tail part of the main shaft (3), the outer ring is matched with a small semicircular clamping strip (603) made of two PTFE materials and a large semicircular clamping strip (602), and the small semicircular clamping strip (603) and the large semicircular clamping strip (602) are identical in width and are connected through 4 bolts so as to fix the outer ring of the test bearing (5) in the radial direction. The outer side of the test bearing (5) is matched with the chuck (7), and the test bearing (5) is fixed in the axial direction together with the tail part of the main shaft (3). Meanwhile, two round holes are formed in the lower side of the large semicircular clamping strip (602), thermocouples (601) are respectively arranged to measure the temperature of the outer ring of the test bearing and transmit the measured temperature to a PC for storage, and a cable interface (604) is connected to connect the outer ring of the test bearing (5) to a capacitance compensation box.
The structure of the elastic suspension system (8) and the inner frame (10) of the device is shown in fig. 5. The elastic suspension system (8) and the inner frame (10) are connected by three identical folded leaf springs (9). The elastic suspension system (8) consists of a base (801), a top annular seat (802) and a connecting cylinder (803). The top annular seat (802) is connected with the chuck (7), the base (801) is connected with the air spring (11), bears the load from the air spring (11) and transmits the load to the chuck (7), so that the axial force is applied to the test bearing (5). The inner frame (10) is formed by connecting a front annular frame (1001) and a tail annular frame (1002) through 3 pairs of cylindrical rods (1003) which are intersected at an angle of 30 degrees. The front ring frame (1001) is cut with a flat opening on the side edge, and vibration generated in the test process is absorbed through the cooperation of the flat opening and the air spring (11). The two air springs (11) are respectively connected with a rectangular rib (104) at the center of the frame of the outer frame (1) and a round seat (108) at the center of the rear rectangular frame (102). Two plate springs (1004) which are symmetrically distributed are arranged on the base (801), and the plate springs (1004) are connected with a pair of rectangular ribs (104) at the centers of the left frame and the right frame in the outer frame (1).
The method for testing the thickness of the lubricating film of the rolling bearing is realized by adopting the device for measuring the thickness of the lubricating film of the rolling bearing, and comprises the following steps of:
(1) Test bearing loading: loading a test bearing filled with lubricant at the tail part of the main shaft, and loading the test bearing into a bearing box;
(2) And (3) calibrating and debugging the system: under the condition of loading the test bearing, adjusting the optional compensation capacitance value on the capacitance compensation box until the voltage value displayed by the PC is equal to zero;
(3) Rolling bearing testing was performed: driving a stepping motor to load a measurement load, then driving a direct current motor to apply a measurement rotating speed to a test bearing, converting a capacitance value obtained by measurement into an output voltage value by a data acquisition box, transmitting the output voltage value to a PC (personal computer) and storing the output voltage value in real time, wherein the PC synchronously stores the real-time temperature of an outer ring of the test bearing recorded by a thermocouple, the real-time rotating speed of the test bearing driven by the direct current motor and the real-time load loaded by the stepping motor;
(4) Establishing a mathematical relationship between the output voltage and the lubricating film thickness: injecting lubricating oil with known viscosity into a test bearing for testing, and comparing the output voltage value with a lubricating film thickness value calculated by a lubricating film empirical calculation formula to obtain a mathematical relationship between the output voltage and the lubricating film thickness value;
(5) Substituting the measured output voltage value into a mathematical relation between the output voltage and the lubricating film thickness value by the PC to obtain the real-time lubricating film thickness value of the test bearing.
Specifically, the method for testing the lubricating film thickness of the rolling bearing by adopting the device comprises the following steps:
1. test bearing loading: the method comprises the steps of slowly loading a test bearing (5) filled with lubricant on the tail of a main shaft (3) under constant pressure by using a hydraulic press, and ensuring that an inner ring (5) of the test bearing is opposite to the outer diameter of the main shaft (5) during loading, wherein the test bearing is uniformly stressed during the hydraulic process, and the radial direction of the test bearing is always perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft during loading. And then the test bearing (5) is arranged in the bearing box (6), the small semicircular clamping strip (603) is fastened on the large semicircular clamping strip (602) by using bolts, the radial direction of the test bearing (5) is fixed, the main shaft (5) is fixed on the front rectangular frame (101) in the outer frame (1), and the axial direction of the test bearing (5) is fixed. Then, the inner ring and the outer ring of the test bearing (5) are connected with the capacitance compensation box by using a connecting cable.
2. And (3) calibrating and debugging the system: the capacitance compensation box is opened, and a sample capacitance (capacitance value C is set in the capacitance compensation box s ) Selecting a reference capacitance value (C r ) And a maximum output voltage value V max Starting the data acquisition box and the PC, and outputting voltage V t ＝V max ×C r /(C r +C s ). Before the test bearing runs, the rolling body is in direct contact with the inner ring and the outer ring, and the capacitance value is measured to be infinity at the moment, and the voltage V is output t Should be equal to zero.
3. Rolling bearing testing was performed: firstly, setting an axial load value, a radial load value and a rotating speed value of a test bearing on a PC, driving a stepping motor to slowly load a measurement load, then driving a direct current motor to apply a measurement rotating speed to the test bearing, and observing whether the test bearing has abnormal conditions in the acceleration process, wherein the rotating speed is not too fast in the increasing process (for example, the friction resistance of the test bearing in the initial stage is large under the condition of injecting too high viscosity lubricating grease, the main shaft power transmitted by a permanent magnet is insufficient to enable the test bearing to stably operate, and the bearing locking phenomenon can be continuously generated). The data acquisition box converts the measured capacitance value into an output voltage value, transmits the output voltage value to the PC for real-time storage, and the PC synchronously stores the real-time temperature of the outer ring of the test bearing recorded by the thermocouple, the real-time rotating speed of the test bearing driven by the direct current motor and the real-time load loaded by the stepping motor.
4. Establishing a mathematical relationship between the output voltage and the lubricating film thickness: and injecting lubricating oil with known viscosity into the test bearing for testing, and comparing the output voltage value with a lubricating film thickness value calculated by a lubricating film empirical calculation formula (such as a Hamrock-Dowson formula) to obtain a mathematical relationship between the output voltage and the lubricating film thickness value.
5. Substituting the measured output voltage value into a mathematical relation between the output voltage and the lubricating film thickness value by the PC to obtain the real-time lubricating film thickness value of the test bearing. Fig. 6 shows the measurement results of dynamic lubrication film thickness under a certain commercial lubrication condition of a certain deep groove ball bearing by using the test device in the present invention.
The above-described features are continuously combined with each other to form various embodiments not listed above, and are regarded as the scope of the present invention described in the specification; and, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the scope of the invention defined in the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. The device for measuring the thickness of the lubricating film of the rolling bearing is characterized by comprising an outer frame, a supporting bearing, a main shaft, a permanent magnet, a direct current motor, a test bearing, a bearing box, a chuck, a thermocouple, an elastic suspension system, a folding plate spring, an inner frame, an air spring, a linear bearing, a bracket, a stepping motor, a capacitance compensation box, a connecting cable, a data acquisition box and a PC; measuring the capacitance change between the inner ring and the outer ring of the tested bearing, processing the capacitance change by a data acquisition box, transmitting the processed capacitance change to a PC (personal computer), converting the output voltage into a lubricating film thickness value by the PC after data processing, and storing the lubricating film thickness value;
the supporting shaft is supported on the inner side of the outer frame, and the inner ring of the supporting bearing is matched with the outer diameter of the main shaft; the outer end of the main shaft is provided with a permanent magnet, and the outer diameter of the inner end of the main shaft is matched with the inner ring of the test bearing; the permanent magnet at the outer end of the main shaft is matched with the other permanent magnet at the end part of the main shaft of the direct current motor, so that the direct current motor outputs power to the main shaft; the direct current motor is connected with the PC, and the rotating speed of the inner ring of the bearing is controlled and tested through the PC;
the test bearing is loaded in the bearing box, and the side surface of the test bearing is matched with the chuck; a thermocouple is arranged in the bearing box, and the temperature of the outer ring of the test bearing is measured; the elastic suspension system is matched with the other side of the chuck and is connected with the inner frame through a folding plate spring;
the inner frame is connected with the outer frame through a pair of air springs; the linear bearing connects the rotating shaft of the stepping motor under the support of the bracket; the capacitance compensation box is connected with the inner ring and the outer ring of the test bearing through a connecting cable, and the data acquisition box is connected with the capacitance compensation box; the PC is respectively connected with the data acquisition box, the thermocouple, the direct current motor and the stepping motor, the voltage value output by the data acquisition box and the temperature value recorded by the thermocouple are synchronously stored in real time, the direct current motor is controlled to apply different rotating speeds to the test bearing, and the stepping motor is controlled to load different axial and radial loads to the test bearing;
the outer frame comprises a front rectangular frame and a rear rectangular frame which are consistent in appearance and size, the front rectangular frame is connected with the rear rectangular frame through an upper pair of cylindrical ribs and a lower pair of cylindrical ribs which are mutually intersected, and rectangular ribs are respectively arranged in the middle of the side walls of the left side and the right side of the front rectangular frame and the middle of the side walls of the right side of the rear rectangular frame;
two mutually-intersected rectangular oblique ribs are arranged at opposite corners of the front rectangular frame, and a rectangular transverse rib is arranged at the center of the left and right frames of the front rectangular frame; the rectangular oblique ribs and the rectangular transverse ribs are disconnected at the center of the front rectangular frame to form a center ring, the supporting shaft is supported in the center ring, the main shaft is arranged in the supporting bearing in a penetrating mode, and the tail portion of the main shaft is connected with the testing bearing; the rear rectangular frame and the front rectangular frame have the same structure;
the bearing box is arranged in the inner frame and comprises a small semicircular clamping strip and a large semicircular clamping strip, and the widths of the small semicircular clamping strip and the large semicircular clamping strip are consistent and are connected through four bolts so as to fix the test bearing in the radial direction;
the chuck is arranged in the bearing box, and the test bearing is fixed in the chuck;
two round holes are formed in the lower side of the large semicircular clamping strip of the bearing box, the round holes are respectively provided with a thermocouple installation hole and a connecting cable interface, and the thermocouple is installed in the thermocouple installation hole to measure the temperature of the outer ring of the test bearing and transmit the measured temperature to a PC for storage; connecting the test bearing outer race to the capacitance compensation box by connecting a cable interface;
the bearing box is arranged in the inner frame through an elastic suspension system, and the inner frame is formed by connecting three pairs of cylindrical rods which are crossed at an angle of 30 degrees with each other through a front annular frame and a tail annular frame;
the side edges of the front annular frame are provided with a flat opening, an air spring is arranged at the flat opening, the air spring on the front annular frame is connected with a rectangular rib at the center of the frame of the outer frame, an air spring is also arranged on the tail annular frame, and the air spring on the tail annular frame is connected with a circular seat at the center of the rear rectangular frame;
the elastic suspension system is arranged in the inner frame and comprises a base, a top annular seat and a connecting cylinder, three identical folding leaf springs are arranged on the base, the base is connected with the front annular frame of the inner frame through the three folding leaf springs, the connecting cylinder is fixed on the base, and the top annular seat is fixed on the connecting cylinder;
the top annular seat of the elastic suspension system is connected with the chuck in the bearing box, the base is connected with the air spring on the tail annular frame, two leaf springs are symmetrically arranged on the base, and the two leaf springs are respectively connected with rectangular ribs arranged in the middle of the side walls on the left side and the right side of the outer frame;
two groups of power groups are arranged on the side edge of the outer frame, and one group of power groups is arranged in the radial direction of the test bearing and is a radial power group; the other group of power sets are arranged in the axial direction of the test bearing and are axial power sets, and the two groups of power sets have the same structure;
the power set comprises a linear bearing, a support and a stepping motor, wherein the linear bearing and the stepping motor are both arranged on the support, one end of the linear bearing is connected with the stepping motor, and the other end of the linear bearing is connected with an outer frame.
2. A method for testing the thickness of a rolling bearing lubricating film, characterized in that the method is realized by the device for measuring the thickness of the rolling bearing lubricating film according to claim 1, and comprises the following steps: (1) test bearing loading: loading a test bearing filled with lubricant at the tail part of the main shaft, and loading the test bearing into a bearing box;
(2) And (3) calibrating and debugging the system: under the condition of loading the test bearing, adjusting the optional compensation capacitance value on the capacitance compensation box until the voltage value displayed by the PC is equal to zero;
(3) Rolling bearing testing was performed: driving a stepping motor to load a measurement load, then driving a direct current motor to apply a measurement rotating speed to a test bearing, converting a capacitance value obtained by measurement into an output voltage value by a data acquisition box, transmitting the output voltage value to a PC (personal computer) and storing the output voltage value in real time, wherein the PC synchronously stores the real-time temperature of an outer ring of the test bearing recorded by a thermocouple, the real-time rotating speed of the test bearing driven by the direct current motor and the real-time load loaded by the stepping motor;
(4) Establishing a mathematical relationship between the output voltage and the lubricating film thickness: injecting lubricating oil with known viscosity into a test bearing for testing, and comparing the output voltage value with a lubricating film thickness value calculated by a lubricating film empirical calculation formula to obtain a mathematical relationship between the output voltage and the lubricating film thickness value;
(5) Substituting the measured output voltage value into a mathematical relation between the output voltage and the lubricating film thickness value by the PC to obtain the real-time lubricating film thickness value of the test bearing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811574497.2A CN109341509B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Rolling bearing lubrication film thickness measuring device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811574497.2A CN109341509B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Rolling bearing lubrication film thickness measuring device and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109341509A CN109341509A (en) | 2019-02-15 |
| CN109341509B true CN109341509B (en) | 2023-09-05 |
Family
ID=65297438
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811574497.2A Active CN109341509B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Rolling bearing lubrication film thickness measuring device and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109341509B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113049789B (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2023-07-11 | 大连工业大学 | Rolling bearing lubricating oil flow and temperature characteristic test device and test method |
| WO2024040505A1 (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2024-02-29 | 嘉兴倍创网络科技有限公司 | Bearing rolling element damage detection apparatus |
| CN115655083B (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2024-03-08 | 北京工业大学 | Horizontal micro-displacement differential measurement device with unequal-size 8-reed orthogonal arrangement |
| CN116697874B (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-10-03 | 江苏领臣精密机械有限公司 | Hydrostatic guideway oil film thickness detection equipment |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1992022794A1 (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1992-12-23 | Industrial Sensors, Inc. | Melt pressure measurement and the like |
| JP2003214810A (en) * | 2002-01-17 | 2003-07-30 | Nsk Ltd | Measuring device and method for oil film |
| JP2006162441A (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2006-06-22 | Nsk Ltd | Instrument and method for measuring lubricant film thickness |
| CN102607835A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-07-25 | 浙江大学 | Film lubrication and heat transfer testing system for high-speed friction pair |
| CN103196381A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-07-10 | 华南理工大学 | Novel elastohydrodynamic lubricating film thickness measuring method based on light interference |
| CN105372069A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-02 | 大连工业大学 | Main bearing reduced scale performance test bench of large wind turbine |
| CN108317946A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-07-24 | 许昌学院 | A kind of capacitance measuring device and its test method of oil film thickness |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0010611D0 (en) * | 2000-05-04 | 2000-06-21 | Detroit Steel Products Co Inc | Vehicle suspension systems |
-
2018
- 2018-12-21 CN CN201811574497.2A patent/CN109341509B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1992022794A1 (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1992-12-23 | Industrial Sensors, Inc. | Melt pressure measurement and the like |
| JP2003214810A (en) * | 2002-01-17 | 2003-07-30 | Nsk Ltd | Measuring device and method for oil film |
| JP2006162441A (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2006-06-22 | Nsk Ltd | Instrument and method for measuring lubricant film thickness |
| CN102607835A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-07-25 | 浙江大学 | Film lubrication and heat transfer testing system for high-speed friction pair |
| CN103196381A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-07-10 | 华南理工大学 | Novel elastohydrodynamic lubricating film thickness measuring method based on light interference |
| CN105372069A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-02 | 大连工业大学 | Main bearing reduced scale performance test bench of large wind turbine |
| CN108317946A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-07-24 | 许昌学院 | A kind of capacitance measuring device and its test method of oil film thickness |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 速度对全膜润滑状态下的脂膜厚度的影响;岑辉等;《许昌学院学报》;第36卷(第5期);第37-41页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109341509A (en) | 2019-02-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109341509B (en) | Rolling bearing lubrication film thickness measuring device and method | |
| CN106092577B (en) | Dynamic characteristic testing device for high-speed angular contact ball bearing retainer | |
| CN101881696B (en) | Flexible foil gas thrust bearing performance test bed with rolling friction pair | |
| CN102564764B (en) | Aircraft engine spindle bearing testing machine | |
| CN101226103A (en) | Device for testing elastic foil tablet transverse bearing departure rotary speed | |
| CN107782555B (en) | Multifunctional test bed for testing performance and service life of bearing bush of large-scale rotating machine | |
| CN101709953B (en) | Lubricant film thickness measuring instrument | |
| CN207487971U (en) | A kind of electro spindle-bearing characteristics experimental rig | |
| CN110243604B (en) | Intermediary bearing vibration test device | |
| CN105651514A (en) | Comprehensive performance testing device for rolling ball bearing | |
| CN107976314A (en) | Calibration tape carries the device of bearing frictional torque | |
| CN101226104A (en) | Device for testing elastic foil tablet thrust bearing departure rotary speed | |
| CN113218659B (en) | Rolling mill bearing fault diagnosis and life evaluation simulation test bed | |
| CN104034528A (en) | Bearing temperature rising and friction moment tester and test method | |
| CN111504831B (en) | Bearing steel ball friction and wear performance test bed and test method | |
| CN110108488A (en) | Rolling bearing retainer skidding research experiment system | |
| CN207741936U (en) | Automobile hub bearing tester | |
| CN108760259B (en) | Multifunctional vibration contact and energy conversion experiment table | |
| CN105651513A (en) | Testing system for lubrication characteristic of vertical water-lubricated tilting thrust bearing liquid film | |
| CN109571140B (en) | Vertical machining center reliability rapid detection device | |
| CN205175594U (en) | Be used for slide bearing liquid film friction torque measuring device | |
| CN106610260B (en) | Grease lubrication rolling bearing film thickness measuring device and testing method thereof | |
| CN201066309Y (en) | Bearing vibration speed measurer | |
| CN105388011A (en) | Test apparatus for axial static rigidity of main shaft and using method thereof | |
| CN114894473B (en) | Testing device for main shaft system of wind power generation equipment |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |