CN113049156B - Process for efficiently testing force positions of neutral axis and wheel rail of steel rail - Google Patents
Process for efficiently testing force positions of neutral axis and wheel rail of steel rail Download PDFInfo
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- CN113049156B CN113049156B CN202110248892.7A CN202110248892A CN113049156B CN 113049156 B CN113049156 B CN 113049156B CN 202110248892 A CN202110248892 A CN 202110248892A CN 113049156 B CN113049156 B CN 113049156B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process for efficiently testing the force positions of a neutral axis and a wheel rail of a steel rail, which comprises a positioning device, a testing device and a testing device, wherein the positioning device comprises a positioning frame I and a positioning frame II which are arranged in a matched mode; the positioning frame I and the positioning frame II are symmetrically wrapped on the outer side wall of the steel rail piece; a first vertical force electric spark imprinter and a second vertical force electric spark imprinter are arranged at equal height on the outer side of the upper waist part of the positioning frame I; a third vertical power electric spark imprinter and a fourth vertical power electric spark imprinter are arranged at equal height on the outer side of the upper waist part of the positioning frame II; a fifth transverse force electric spark imprinter and a sixth transverse force electric spark imprinter are arranged on the upper surface of the bottom foot part of the positioning frame I along the longitudinal direction of the steel rail piece in a collinear way; the invention has reasonable design, compact structure and convenient use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering measurement, in particular to a device and a method for positioning a steel rail neutral axis and wheel rail force test position.
Background
With the continuous development and progress of railway systems in China, the measurement of vertical force and transverse force of a track is inseparable from the derailment coefficient, the wheel load shedding rate and the allowable limit of the transverse force of a train, and the transverse resistance of the track becomes a key factor for controlling the stability and the driving safety of a line as the transverse force between wheels and rails is gradually increased. Therefore, the research on the critical transverse force of the corresponding track becomes an important guarantee for the railway transportation safety. However, when the vertical force and the transverse force are detected, the position of the wheel rail corresponding to the strain gauge is not easy to accurately calibrate, so that a trouble is brought to the test, and due to the fact that the position of the strain gauge cannot be accurately measured, large errors are often brought to experimental data to bring inconvenience to follow-up research, and therefore a device capable of accurately positioning the position of the strain gauge is urgently needed.
The stability (safety) of train operation is evaluated according to the indexes such as the allowable limit of the transverse force of the wheel rail, wherein the derailment coefficient is used for identifying whether the wheel rim of the test vehicle can derail because of gradually climbing the rail head under the action of the transverse force. In GBT 5599-1985, evaluation of railway vehicle dynamics and test identification specifications, it is explicitly recommended to apply a transverse force allowable limit to identify whether the train can cause gauge widening (track nail pull) or serious line deformation (transverse slipping or rail squeezing of a rail and a sleeper on a track bed) in the running process, and corresponding transverse force allowable limits are provided when the train passes through a straight line, a curve and a turnout, so that the requirement on the transverse force measurement accuracy is improved, a conventional measurer utilizes a ruler to calibrate the position of a strain gauge easily generates subjective errors, and the measurement data is often different from person to person and cannot be accurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a steel rail neutral axis and wheel rail force test position positioning device and a method. The calibration process has the characteristics of simple operation, simple and flexible use and high working efficiency.
The invention aims to provide a positioning device which has strong universality, accurate positioning of a patch, strong practicability, simple structure and high patch efficiency and can realize accurate measurement on the vertical force and the transverse force of a wheel rail
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a steel rail neutral axis and wheel rail force test position positioning device comprises a positioning frame I and a positioning frame II which are arranged in a matched mode; the positioning frame I and the positioning frame II are symmetrically wrapped on the outer side wall of the steel rail piece;
a first vertical force electric spark imprinter and a second vertical force electric spark imprinter are arranged at equal height on the outer side of the upper waist part of the positioning frame I;
a third vertical force electric spark imprinter and a fourth vertical force electric spark imprinter are arranged at equal height on the outer side of the upper waist part of the positioning frame II;
a fifth transverse force electric spark imprinter and a sixth transverse force electric spark imprinter are arranged on the upper surface of the bottom foot part of the positioning frame I along the longitudinal direction of the steel rail piece in a collinear way;
a seventh transverse force electric spark imprinter and an eighth transverse force electric spark imprinter are arranged on the upper surface of the bottom foot part of the positioning frame II along the longitudinal direction of the steel rail piece in a collinear way;
a fulcrum central line calibration ruler II is arranged on the upper surface of the head of the positioning frame I, and a fulcrum central line calibration ruler I is arranged on the upper surface of the head of the positioning frame II;
on the positioning frame I, a laser infrared distance meter I is arranged at the same height of the longitudinal side of the first vertical force electric spark imprinter, and a laser infrared distance meter II is arranged at the same height of the longitudinal side of the second vertical force electric spark imprinter;
and a laser infrared distance meter III is arranged on the positioning frame II at the same height of the longitudinal side of the third vertical power electric spark imprinter, and a laser infrared distance meter IV is arranged on the same height of the longitudinal side of the fourth vertical power electric spark imprinter.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
the positioning frame I and the positioning frame II are arranged according to the outer side wall of the cross section of the I-shaped steel of the steel rail piece in a copying manner;
the first vertical power electric spark imprinter, the second vertical power electric spark imprinter, the third vertical power electric spark imprinter and the fourth vertical power electric spark imprinter have equal height;
the electric spark imprinter marks on the steel rail piece into a circular inner oblique cross shape, and the mark forms an angle of 45 degrees with a wheel rail neutral axis of the steel rail piece;
laser beams of the laser infrared distance meter I, the laser infrared distance meter II, the laser infrared distance meter III and the laser infrared distance meter IV are respectively vertical to a wheel rail neutral axis, and the laser infrared distance meter is also provided with a distance display screen;
the first vertical force electric spark imprinter and the fifth horizontal force electric spark imprinter are in the same cross section;
the second vertical force electric spark imprinter and the sixth horizontal force electric spark imprinter are in the same cross section;
the first vertical force electric spark imprinter and the fifth transverse force electric spark imprinter are symmetrical to the second vertical force electric spark imprinter and the sixth transverse force electric spark imprinter relative to the steel rail piece;
the positioning device is also matched with prism support frames which are connected at the tops through spring hinges positioned above the steel rail pieces and are symmetrically arranged, and total reflection prisms are arranged at the lower ends of the prism support frames;
the total reflection prism on the side of the positioning frame I is used for longitudinally receiving the reflected laser of the reflected laser infrared distance meter I and/or the reflected laser of the laser infrared distance meter II;
and the total reflection prism on the side of the positioning frame II is used for longitudinally receiving the reflected laser of the reflected laser infrared distance meter III and/or the reflected laser of the laser infrared distance meter IV.
The positioning frame I and the positioning frame II are made of carbon fibers or aluminum alloy; the fulcrum central line calibration scale II and the fulcrum central line calibration scale I are scaled through laser engraving or mechanical engraving; pulleys I and II are respectively arranged on the lower surfaces of the positioning frame I and the positioning frame II so as to walk on the surfaces of the corresponding steel rail pieces;
a handle I and a handle II are respectively arranged on the positioning frame I and the positioning frame II so as to be convenient to operate and move;
and protective wires of the wire box are respectively arranged on the positioning frame I and the positioning frame II.
A steel rail neutral axis and wheel rail force test position positioning device assembly comprises a traveling front vehicle part arranged on a steel rail part;
the walking front vehicle part comprises a front vehicle frame body; a front vehicle positioning origin and a positioning suspension rope are arranged on the front vehicle frame body;
the lower end of the positioning suspension rope is provided with a positioning suspension telescopic rod, the lower end of the positioning suspension telescopic rod is connected with a positioning component part, and the positioning component part is used for marking the steel rail piece so as to be pasted with a sheet.
A component of a steel rail neutral shaft and wheel rail force test position positioning device comprises a positioning component part, a positioning component part and a positioning suspension device, wherein the positioning component part comprises a positioning first fixing arm arranged at the lower end of a positioning suspension telescopic rod; a first fixed arm is arranged on the first fixing arm;
a first positioning linkage push rod is arranged on one side of the first positioning fixed arm,
a second positioning guide arm crossing the steel rail piece is horizontally arranged on the first positioning fixed arm, and a second positioning linkage push rod for driving the second positioning guide arm to transversely move is arranged on the first positioning fixed arm;
the positioning second linkage push rod and the positioning first linkage push rod are in electric control linkage, hydraulic control series connection or pneumatic control series connection;
a positioning frame I is arranged at the end part of the positioning first linkage push rod, a positioning frame II is arranged on the positioning second guide arm, and the positioning frame I and the positioning frame II move oppositely to be attached to the steel rail piece; the positioning frame I and the positioning frame II are respectively provided with an engraving machine or a marking pen for marking;
the side part of the positioning frame I is hinged with a < -shaped positioning first hinged V swing arm, the side part of the positioning frame II is hinged with a > -shaped positioning second hinged V swing arm, and the first hinged V swing arm and the positioning second hinged V swing arm are hinged to form a diamond-shaped connecting rod structure;
two hinge points of the first hinge V-shaped swing arm and the second hinge V-shaped swing arm are vertically arranged up and down, and a vertical positioning diagonal guide vertical rod vertically penetrates through the two hinge points; the two hinge points move up and down in opposite directions on the vertical positioning diagonal guide vertical rod; a positioning central axial cross bar is horizontally arranged on the positioning vertical diagonal guide vertical rod, and a prism guide roller seat is arranged at the end part of the positioning central axial cross bar and is used for walking on the upper surface of the steel rail piece;
a spring hinge is arranged on the prism guide roller seat, a prism support frame is arranged on the spring hinge, and a total reflection prism is arranged at the lower end of the prism support frame;
and a positioning gyroscope is arranged on the positioning suspension telescopic rod to monitor whether the positioning component part keeps a vertical state.
A steel rail neutral axis and wheel rail force test position positioning device assembly comprises a traveling front vehicle part arranged on a steel rail part; the walking front vehicle part comprises a front vehicle frame body;
a front vehicle coordinate hoisting manipulator is arranged on the front vehicle frame body;
a coordinate positioning V-shaped platform is prefabricated on two sides of the steel rail piece so as to place a coordinate assembly;
the coordinate assembly comprises a coordinate positioning moving seat; a coordinate lower bending arm is arranged on the coordinate positioning moving seat, and a coordinate transceiver and a coordinate hanging ring are arranged on the coordinate positioning moving seat; the coordinate hanging ring is used for being taken by the mechanical arm;
a coordinate positioning push rod is arranged at the inlet of the large end of the coordinate positioning V-shaped platform, a coordinate cross slot guide seat is vertically arranged on the coordinate positioning push rod,
the lower end of the coordinate cross groove guide seat is provided with a coordinate elastic reset base;
the upper end groove and the lower end groove of the coordinate cross groove guide seat are used for being clamped on a coordinate positioning push rod for limiting, the middle part of the coordinate cross groove guide seat is in a neutral position so as to pass through the coordinate positioning push rod,
the coordinate downward pressing and bending arm is used for pressing the coordinate cross groove guide seat downward, so that the upper end groove of the coordinate cross groove guide seat is clamped to the coordinate positioning push rod for limiting;
a guide inclined plane for pressing and contacting the end face of the coordinate positioning push rod at the back is arranged at the side part of the coordinate cross groove guide seat;
and the front vehicle coordinate hoisting manipulator is used for hooking the coordinate hanging ring.
A steel rail neutral shaft and wheel rail force test position automatic positioning device comprises a positioning assembly, wherein a front walking vehicle part is connected with a rear dragging part through a middle dragging flexible shaft;
the rear towing part comprises a rear frame; a rear vehicle positioning origin is arranged on the rear vehicle frame;
the four corners of the lower end of the rear frame are provided with rear frame supports, and lower claws of the rear frame supports are in contact with leveling prefabricated platforms prefabricated on two sides of the steel rail piece, so that the rear frame is separated from the steel rail piece;
a rear vehicle gluing part, a rear vehicle paster conveying manipulator and a paster conveying part are arranged on the rear frame;
the patch conveying part is used for conveying the strain gauges one by one; and the rear vehicle patch conveying manipulator is used for picking up and conveying the strain gauges one by one, and feeding the strain gauges to the steel rail piece after the rear vehicle gluing part is glued for bonding.
An automatic positioning device for a steel rail neutral shaft and wheel rail force test position, and a positioning device.
A rail neutral axis and wheel rail force testing position manual positioning method, namely the process of the neutral axis and wheel rail force position of the high-efficient test rail, said method comprises the following positioning step;
firstly, checking whether infrared data are accurate or not, adjusting a prism support frame to enable a laser infrared distance meter to receive a signal of a total reflection prism, and symmetrically wrapping a positioning frame I and a positioning frame II on the outer side wall of a steel rail piece; then, moving the positioning frame I and the positioning frame II through the pulley I and the pulley II, observing a display screen, and aligning the position of the center point of the wheel rail through the fulcrum center line calibration ruler II and the fulcrum center line calibration ruler I; and secondly, when the movable positioning frame I and the movable positioning frame II reach the designated positions, starting the corresponding electric spark imprinter to calibrate the positions of the strain gauges.
A steel rail neutral axis and wheel rail force test position automatic positioning method, also called the process, includes the following steps;
s1, determining an absolute geographic position; firstly, finding out the geographic coordinates of a starting position; then, the vehicle part walks to the next position on the steel rail piece before walking; secondly, placing the coordinate positioning moving seat into a coordinate positioning V-shaped platform through a front vehicle coordinate hoisting mechanical arm; thirdly, a coordinate press-down bending arm presses down a coordinate cross groove guide seat, so that a coordinate positioning push rod is separated from a lower end groove clamping position and rises to enter a middle neutral position, the coordinate positioning moving seat is pushed forwards to the small end of a coordinate positioning V-shaped platform, and the coordinate positioning moving seat continues to press downwards, so that an upper end groove is clamped to the coordinate positioning push rod for limiting; then, the coordinate transceiver and the front vehicle positioning origin establish a coordinate system with the previous coordinate transceiver, and the coordinates of the front vehicle positioning origin and the rear vehicle positioning origin are determined; then, the rear vehicle patch-conveying mechanical arm takes back the former coordinate positioning moving seat and transmits the former coordinate positioning moving seat to the front vehicle coordinate hoisting mechanical arm for the next use;
s2, firstly, hoisting the positioning component part to two sides of the steel rail part through the positioning suspension rope and the positioning suspension telescopic rod; then, positioning the second linkage push rod and positioning the first linkage push rod to make the positioning frame I and the positioning frame II move oppositely to be attached to the steel rail piece, and recording an adjustment value through the positioning offset grating; secondly, monitoring whether the positioning component part is kept in a vertical state or not through a positioning gyroscope;
s3, when the positioning frame I and the positioning frame II move oppositely, the first hinged V swing arm and the positioning second hinged V swing arm are hinged to form a diamond-shaped connecting rod structure to move, so that the spring hinge keeps centering, and the prism support frame realizes the correct position of the total reflection prism;
s4, performing positioning marking operation;
s5, executing the patch operation;
firstly, a lower claw of a rear vehicle support is in contact with leveling prefabrication platforms prefabricated on two sides of a steel rail piece, so that a rear vehicle frame is separated from the steel rail piece; then, the foil mounting conveying part conveys the strain foils one by one; secondly, the rear vehicle sends the paster manipulator to pick up and carry the foil gage one by one, and feed the foil gage to the steel rail piece after the gluing of the rear vehicle gluing part, bond.
The invention has the advantages of reasonable design, low cost, firmness, durability, safety, reliability, simple operation, time and labor saving, capital saving, compact structure and convenient use. The invention provides a positioning device capable of accurately calibrating the position of a strain gauge only by once positioning, the outline of a cross-shaped mark inclined in a circle of a marking machine is clear and identifiable, an operator can aim at a contour patch, the calibration work at 8 positions can be completed once, and the whole operation process is simple and convenient. The positioning device for the neutral axis and wheel rail force testing position of the steel rail has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, long service life, light weight, high positioning efficiency and high fitting degree, and can well meet the requirement of measuring a patch.
The positioning device for the steel rail neutral axis and wheel rail force testing position positioning device provided by the invention has the advantages that the material selection of the device is not limited, and the device is practical, small and convenient; the calibration ruler of the center line of the fulcrum on the base body of the positioning device can be calibrated according to the previously measured center point of the wheel track; the laser infrared distance meter and the laser receiving reflection prism work together, the distance from the wheel track fulcrum to the center point of the wheel track fulcrum can be accurately measured, and then the position of the strain gauge is calibrated; the vertical force and transverse force electric spark imprinter has a round and oblique cross mark, and actually, the shape of the foil gauge patch is formed by the wheel track neutral axis, so that the foil gauge can be pasted according to the marked position; the positioning device for the neutral axis and wheel rail force testing position of the steel rail is simple and convenient to operate, high in positioning efficiency, small and exquisite, convenient to carry, capable of being manufactured into a wheel rail measuring tool with corresponding specifications, flexible to use and capable of determining the position of a paster in one-time operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial view of the positioning device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the signal receiving reflecting prism device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the positioning device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a top view of the positioning device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a partial view of a positioning device of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a front view of the signal receiving reflecting prism device of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a front view of the positioning device of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a top view of the positioning device of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a first vertical force electric spark imprinter; 2. a second vertical force electric spark imprinter; 3. a third vertical force electric spark imprinter; 4. a fourth vertical power electric spark imprinter; 5. a fifth transverse force electric spark imprinter; 6. a sixth transverse force electric spark imprinter; 7. a seventh transverse force electric spark imprinter; 8. an eighth transverse force electric spark imprinter; 9. a positioning frame I; 10. a positioning frame II; 11. calibrating a fulcrum central line to obtain a scale I; 12. calibrating a fulcrum central line to obtain a calibration ruler II; 13. a laser infrared distance meter I; 14. a laser infrared distance meter II; 15. a laser infrared distance meter III; 16. a laser infrared distance meter IV; 17. a pulley I; 18. a pulley II; 19. a handle I; 20. a handle II; 21. a wire box; 22. a prism support frame; 23. a total reflection prism; 24. a spring hinge; 25. a rail member; 26. a front vehicle part; 27. a rear towing part; 28. a front frame body; 29. hoisting the manipulator by the front vehicle coordinate; 30. a flexible shaft is drawn in the middle; 31. a rear frame; 32. a rear vehicle support; 33. the rear vehicle sends the paster manipulator; 34. a rear vehicle gluing part; 35. a front vehicle positioning origin; 36. a positioning component part; 37. positioning the suspension ropes; 38. positioning and hanging a telescopic rod; 39. positioning a gyroscope; 40. positioning an offset grating; 41. positioning a first fixed arm; 42. positioning the first linkage push rod; 43. positioning a second guide arm; 44. positioning the second linkage push rod; 45. positioning a first articulated V-swing arm; 46. positioning a second articulated V swing arm; 47. positioning a vertical diagonal guide vertical rod; 48. positioning a central axial cross bar; 49. a prism guide roller seat; 50. positioning an original point by a rear vehicle; 51. a V-shaped platform is positioned by coordinates; 52. a coordinate positioning moving seat; 53. a coordinate positioning push rod; 54. a coordinate cross groove guide seat; 55. a coordinate elastic reset base; 56. pressing the bending arm under the coordinate; 57. a coordinate transceiver; 58. and (4) hanging a ring by coordinates.
Detailed Description
a first vertical force electric spark imprinter 1 and a second vertical force electric spark imprinter 2 are arranged at equal height on the outer side of the upper waist part of the positioning frame I9;
a third vertical power electric spark imprinter 3 and a fourth vertical power electric spark imprinter 4 are arranged at equal height on the outer side of the upper waist part of the positioning frame II 10;
a fifth transverse force electric spark imprinter 5 and a sixth transverse force electric spark imprinter 6 are arranged on the upper surface of the foot part of the positioning frame I9 along the longitudinal direction collineation of the steel rail piece 25;
a seventh transverse electric spark imprinter 7 and an eighth transverse electric spark imprinter 8 are arranged on the upper surface of the bottom foot part of the positioning frame II10 along the longitudinal direction of the steel rail piece 25 in a collinear way;
a fulcrum center line calibration ruler II12 is arranged on the upper surface of the head of the positioning frame I9, and a fulcrum center line calibration ruler I11 is arranged on the upper surface of the head of the positioning frame II 10;
on the positioning frame I9, a laser infrared distance meter I13 is arranged at the same height of the longitudinal side of the first vertical force electric spark imprinter 1, and a laser infrared distance meter II14 is arranged at the same height of the longitudinal side of the second vertical force electric spark imprinter 2;
on the positioning frame II10, a laser infrared distance meter III15 is arranged at the same height of the longitudinal side of the third vertical force electric spark imprinter 3, and a laser infrared distance meter IV16 is arranged at the same height of the longitudinal side of the fourth vertical force electric spark imprinter 4.
The positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 are arranged according to the profile modeling of the outer side wall of the cross section of the I-shaped steel of the steel rail piece 25;
the first vertical force electric spark imprinter 1, the second vertical force electric spark imprinter 2, the third vertical force electric spark imprinter 3 and the fourth vertical force electric spark imprinter 4 have the same height;
the electric spark imprinter marks on the steel rail piece 25 in a circular inner oblique cross shape, and forms an angle of 45 degrees with a wheel-rail neutral axis of the steel rail piece 25;
laser beams of the laser infrared distance meter I13, the laser infrared distance meter II14, the laser infrared distance meter III15 and the laser infrared distance meter IV16 are respectively vertical to a neutral axis of a wheel rail, and the laser infrared distance meter is also provided with a distance display screen;
the first vertical force electric spark imprinter 1 and the fifth horizontal force electric spark imprinter 5 are in the same cross section;
the second vertical force electric spark imprinter 2 and the sixth horizontal force electric spark imprinter 6 are in the same cross section;
the first vertical force electric spark imprinter 1 and the fifth transverse force electric spark imprinter 5 are symmetrical to the second vertical force electric spark imprinter 2 and the sixth transverse force electric spark imprinter 6 relative to the steel rail member 25;
the positioning device is also matched with prism support frames 22 which are connected and symmetrically arranged at the tops through spring hinges 24 positioned above the steel rail members 25, and the lower ends of the prism support frames 22 are provided with total reflection prisms 23;
the total reflection prism 23 on the side of the positioning frame I9 is used for longitudinally receiving the reflected laser of the reflected laser infrared distance meter I13 and/or the laser infrared distance meter II 14;
and the total reflection prism 23 on the side of the positioning frame II10 is used for longitudinally receiving the reflected laser of the reflected laser infrared distance meter III15 and/or the reflected laser of the laser infrared distance meter IV 16.
The positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 are made of carbon fibers or aluminum alloy; the fulcrum center line scale II12 and the fulcrum center line scale I11 are graduated through laser engraving or mechanical engraving; pulleys I17 and II18 are respectively arranged on the lower surfaces of the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 so as to walk on the surface of the corresponding steel rail piece 25;
the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 are respectively provided with a handle I19 and a handle II20 so as to be operated and moved;
the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 are respectively provided with a protection wire of the wire box 21.
The assembly of the positioning device for the neutral axis and wheel rail force testing position of the steel rail of the embodiment comprises a rail piece 25, a traveling front vehicle part 26, a traveling front vehicle part and a traveling rear vehicle part;
the front traveling vehicle section 26 includes a front frame body 28; a front vehicle positioning origin 35 and a positioning suspension rope 37 are arranged on the front frame body 28;
the lower end of the positioning suspension rope 37 is provided with a positioning suspension telescopic rod 38, the lower end of the positioning suspension telescopic rod 38 is connected with a positioning component part 36, and the positioning component part 36 is used for marking the steel rail piece 25 so as to be pasted with a sheet.
The components of the positioning device for the neutral axis and wheel-rail force testing position of the steel rail in the embodiment comprise a positioning component part 36, which comprises a positioning first fixing arm 41 arranged at the lower end of a positioning suspension telescopic rod 38; a positioning offset grating 40 is arranged on the positioning first fixing arm 41;
a positioning first linkage push rod 42 is arranged on one side of the positioning first fixing arm 41,
a positioning second guide arm 43 striding over the steel rail piece 25 is horizontally arranged on the positioning first fixing arm 41, and a positioning second linkage push rod 44 driving the positioning second guide arm 43 to transversely move is arranged on the positioning first fixing arm 41;
the positioning second linkage push rod 44 and the positioning first linkage push rod 42 are in electric control linkage, hydraulic control series connection or pneumatic control series connection;
a positioning frame I9 is arranged at the end part of the positioning first linkage push rod 42, a positioning frame II10 is arranged on the positioning second guide arm 43, and the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 move oppositely to be attached to the steel rail piece 25; a carving machine or a marking pen for marking is respectively arranged on the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II 10;
a < -shaped positioning first hinged V swing arm 45 is hinged to the side of the positioning frame I9, a > -shaped positioning second hinged V swing arm 46 is hinged to the side of the positioning frame II10, and the first hinged V swing arm 45 and the positioning second hinged V swing arm 46 are hinged to form a diamond-shaped connecting rod structure;
two hinge points of the first hinge V-shaped swing arm 45 and the second hinge V-shaped swing arm 46 are vertically arranged up and down, and a vertical positioning vertical diagonal guide vertical rod 47 vertically penetrates through the two hinge points; the two hinge points move up and down in opposite directions on the positioning vertical diagonal guide vertical rod 47; a positioning central axial cross bar 48 is horizontally arranged on the positioning vertical diagonal guiding vertical rod 47, and a prism guiding roller seat 49 is arranged at the end part of the positioning central axial cross bar 48 and used for walking on the upper surface of the steel rail piece 25;
a spring hinge 24 is arranged on the prism guide roller seat 49, a prism support frame 22 is arranged on the spring hinge 24, and a total reflection prism 23 is arranged at the lower end of the prism support frame 22;
a positioning gyroscope 39 is provided on the positioning suspension rod 38 to monitor whether the positioning assembly portion 36 remains upright.
The assembly of the positioning device for the neutral axis and wheel rail force testing position of the steel rail of the embodiment comprises a traveling front vehicle part 26 arranged on a steel rail part 25; the front traveling vehicle section 26 includes a front frame body 28;
a front vehicle coordinate hoisting manipulator 29 is arranged on the front frame body 28;
the two sides of the steel rail piece 25 are prefabricated with coordinate positioning V-shaped platforms 51 for placing coordinate components;
the coordinate assembly includes a coordinate positioning movable mount 52; a coordinate lower bending arm 56 is arranged on the coordinate positioning moving seat 52, and a coordinate transceiver 57 and a coordinate hanging ring 58 are arranged on the coordinate positioning moving seat 52; the coordinate hanging ring 58 is used for being taken by a mechanical arm;
a coordinate positioning push rod 53 is arranged at the inlet of the large end of the coordinate positioning V-shaped platform 51, a coordinate cross slot guide seat 54 is vertically arranged on the coordinate positioning push rod 53,
the lower end of the coordinate cross groove guide seat 54 is provided with a coordinate elastic reset base 55;
the upper end groove and the lower end groove of the coordinate cross groove guide seat 54 are used for being clamped on the coordinate positioning push rod 53 for limiting, the middle part of the coordinate cross groove guide seat 54 is in a neutral position so as to pass through the coordinate positioning push rod 53,
the coordinate press-bending arm 56 is used for pressing the coordinate cross groove guide seat 54 downwards, so that the upper end groove of the coordinate cross groove guide seat 54 is clamped on the coordinate positioning push rod 53 for limiting;
a guide inclined plane used for contacting the end surface of the coordinate positioning push rod 53 by rear pressure is arranged at the side part of the coordinate cross groove guide seat 54;
the front vehicle coordinate hoisting manipulator 29 is used for hooking the coordinate hanging ring 58.
The automatic positioning device for the force test position of the neutral axis and the wheel rail of the steel rail comprises a positioning assembly, wherein a front walking vehicle part 26 is connected with a rear dragging part 27 through a middle dragging flexible shaft 30;
the rear towing portion 27 includes a rear frame 31; a rear vehicle positioning origin 50 is arranged on the rear frame 31;
a rear vehicle support 32 is arranged at the four corners of the lower end of the rear vehicle frame 31, and the lower claws of the rear vehicle support are in contact with leveling prefabrication platforms prefabricated on two sides of the steel rail piece 25, so that the rear vehicle frame 31 is separated from the steel rail piece 25;
a rear vehicle gluing part 34, a rear vehicle paster conveying manipulator 33 and a paster conveying part are arranged on the rear frame 31;
the patch conveying part is used for conveying the strain gauges one by one; the rear vehicle paster-feeding mechanical arm 33 is used for picking up and conveying the strain gauges one by one, feeding the strain gauges to the steel rail piece 25 after gluing is carried out on the rear vehicle gluing part 34, and bonding is carried out.
The automatic positioning device for the force testing position of the neutral axis and the wheel rail of the steel rail and the positioning device are provided.
The method for manually positioning the force test positions of the neutral axis and the wheel rail of the steel rail comprises the following positioning steps;
firstly, checking whether infrared data are accurate or not, adjusting the prism support frame 22 to enable the laser infrared distance measuring instrument to receive a signal of the total reflection prism 23, and symmetrically wrapping the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 on the outer side wall of the steel rail piece 25; then, through a pulley I17 and a pulley II18, a positioning frame I9 and a positioning frame II10 are moved, a display screen is observed, and the position of the center point of the wheel track is aligned through a fulcrum center line calibration ruler II12 and a fulcrum center line calibration ruler I11; and secondly, when the movable positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 reach the designated positions, starting the corresponding electric spark imprinter to calibrate the position of the strain gauge.
The automatic positioning method for the force test positions of the neutral axis and the wheel rail of the steel rail comprises the following steps;
s1, determining an absolute geographic position; firstly, finding out the geographic coordinates of a starting position; then, the vehicle section 26 travels to the next position on the rail member 25 before traveling; secondly, the coordinate positioning moving seat 52 is placed in the coordinate positioning V-shaped platform 51 through the front vehicle coordinate hoisting mechanical arm 29; thirdly, a coordinate press-down bending arm 56 presses down a coordinate cross groove guide seat 54, so that a coordinate positioning push rod 53 is separated from a lower end groove clamping position and rises to enter a middle neutral position, the coordinate positioning moving seat 52 is pushed forwards to the small end of the coordinate positioning V-shaped platform 51, and the coordinate positioning moving seat continues to be pressed downwards, so that an upper end groove is clamped to the coordinate positioning push rod 53 for limiting; then, the coordinate transceiver 57, the front vehicle positioning origin 35 and the previous coordinate transceiver 57 establish a coordinate system to determine the coordinates of the front vehicle positioning origin 35 and the rear vehicle positioning origin 50; then, the rear vehicle patch feeding mechanical arm 33 retrieves the former coordinate positioning moving seat 52 and transmits the former coordinate positioning moving seat to the front vehicle coordinate hoisting mechanical arm 29 for the next use;
s2, first, hoisting the positioning assembly 36 to both sides of the rail 25 by the positioning suspension rope 37 and the positioning suspension telescopic rod 38; then, the positioning second linkage push rod 44 is linked with the positioning first linkage push rod 42 to enable the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 to move oppositely to be attached to the steel rail piece 25, and an adjustment value is recorded through the positioning offset grating 40; secondly, the positioning gyroscope 39 is used for monitoring whether the positioning component part 36 keeps a vertical state;
s3, when the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 move oppositely, the first hinged V swing arm 45 and the positioning second hinged V swing arm 46 are hinged to form a diamond-shaped connecting rod structure to move, so that the spring hinge 24 keeps centering, and the prism support frame 22 realizes the correct position of the total reflection prism 23;
s4, performing positioning marking operation;
s5, executing the patch operation;
firstly, the lower claw of the rear vehicle support 32 is in contact with a leveling prefabrication platform prefabricated on two sides of the steel rail piece 25, so that the rear vehicle frame 31 is separated from the steel rail piece 25; then, the foil mounting conveying part conveys the strain foils one by one; secondly, the rear vehicle patch feeding manipulator 33 picks up and conveys the strain gauges one by one, and feeds the strain gauges to the rail member 25 for bonding after gluing at the rear vehicle gluing part 34.
Example 2, fig. 1-10, a rail neutral axis and wheel track force test position locating device,
the base bodies of the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 can be made of carbon fibers, alloys and other light metal materials or non-metal materials; the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 can also be provided with corresponding positioning devices according to different wheel track specifications; the fulcrum center line calibration scale I11 and the fulcrum center line calibration scale II12 can be calibrated by laser engraving or mechanical engraving; the imprints of the vertical force electric spark imprinter 1, 2, 3 and 4 are in a circular inner oblique cross shape and form with a wheel-rail neutral axis; the imprints of the transverse force electric spark imprinter 5, 6, 7 and 8 are in a circular inner oblique cross shape and form with a wheel track neutral axis; the laser infrared distance measuring instruments 13, 14, 15 and 16 arranged on the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 are arranged at the same height as the vertical power spark imprinter, wherein the laser beam is vertical to the neutral axis of the wheel track, and the laser infrared distance measuring instruments are provided with distance display screens; the vertical force electric spark imprinter 1 and 3 on the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 and the horizontal force electric spark imprinter 5 and 7 are in the same cross section, the electric spark imprinter 1 and 5 and the electric spark imprinter 2 and 6 on the positioning frame I9 are in bilateral symmetry about the wheel track central point, the vertical force electric spark imprinter 2 and 4 and the horizontal force electric spark imprinter 6 and 8 are in the same cross section, and the electric spark imprinter 3 and 7 and the electric spark imprinter 4 and 8 on the positioning frame II10 are in bilateral symmetry about the wheel track central point; the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 are longitudinally symmetrical left and right along the track; the pulleys 17 and 18 on the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 can freely adjust the longitudinal distance of the positioning device along the track; the handles 19 and 20 on the positioning frame I9 and the positioning frame II10 can facilitate the operation of the positioning device base body; the wire boxes 21 on the positioning frames I9 and II10 can protect wires; the signal receiving device total reflection prism 23 can receive the reflected laser infrared signal; the signal receiving device prism support frame 22 is connected with the total reflection prism; the spring hinge 24 of the signal receiving device can conveniently adjust the position of the fixed prism.
When the positioning device is designed and used specifically, the positioning device is designed according to the design requirements of the national railway administration design specifications, the length b between the strain gauges is 160-240 mm, and the length b adopted by the positioning device is 240 mm. The length of the positioning device and the distance between the electric spark imprinter can be adjusted at will according to design requirements, but the distance of the strain gauge is not changed. The width of the oblique cross in the imprinting circle of the electric spark imprinter is 2mm, and the length is 20 mm. The thickness, height and width of the positioning device base body can be determined according to the specification and design requirements of the wheel rail.
In the use process, whether infrared data are accurate is checked, then a signal receiving reflecting total reflection prism is installed, a positioning device base body is sleeved on a wheel rail to form a wrapping style, the laser infrared distance measuring instrument display screen is observed by moving the positioning device, when the laser infrared distance measuring instrument display screen reaches a specified position, an electric spark engraving machine is started to perform strain gauge position calibration, calibration work of 8 positions can be completed by one-time operation, and the whole operation process is simple, convenient and smooth and flexible to use. When the distance on the display screen of the laser infrared distance measuring instrument reaches the designated position, whether the position of the center point of the wheel track is aligned with the position of the center line calibration scale 1 of the fulcrum can be checked so as to achieve the purpose of checking and checking.
The transverse force electric spark imprinter and the transverse force electric spark imprinter on the same positioning device base body are bilaterally symmetrical about the central point of the wheel track, the vertical force electric spark imprinter and the vertical force electric spark imprinter on the same positioning device base body are bilaterally symmetrical about the central point of the wheel track, the cross point of the inner oblique cross of the transverse force electric spark imprinter is 20mm away from the bottom edge of the wheel track, the height of the cross point of the inner oblique cross of the vertical force electric spark imprinter from the bottom surface of the wheel track is 81.2mm (60 Kg/m standard steel rail)
The technical schemes of the invention can be reasonably combined and used or used independently, or the partial technical schemes are replaced by manual or conventional technologies, which is the protection scope. The positioning is realized through the front vehicle part 26, the surface mounting can be realized through the rear dragging part 27, so that the operation efficiency is improved, the front vehicle frame body 28 is a carrier, the transformation of a waste locomotive can be realized, the continuous placement of coordinates and the bearing of the previous coordinates are realized through the front vehicle coordinate hoisting mechanical arm 29, so that the determination of the geographic position at the position with poor satellite positioning is ensured, the middle traction flexible shaft 30 can be a universal joint or a cable, the rear vehicle frame 31 can be the transformation of a boxcar, and the rear vehicle support 32 enables the rear boxcar to be lifted off, so that the rail is not subjected to force deformation when the surface mounting is carried out, the design is ingenious, and the continuous operation is realized.
The rear vehicle patch conveying mechanical arm 33 can be a sucker, a point bonding mechanism and the like, can be matched with protective measures such as film covering and the like, realizes automatic gluing by the rear vehicle gluing part 34, indirectly obtains the geographic position of the operation vehicle by means of a coordinate assembly at the front vehicle positioning origin 35, and ensures accurate position in short distance.
The positioning assembly part 36 achieves automatic centering by taking the rail as a reference through the positioning suspension rope 37, the positioning suspension telescopic rod 38 achieves lifting displacement adjustment, the positioning gyroscope 39 achieves deflection measurement, the positioning offset grating 40 achieves eccentric measurement, the diamond structure ensures centering performance, and when the positioning frame moves, the prism is centered relatively. The coordinate component realizes the relative position superposition calculation with low energy consumption. The invention realizes automatic positioning, automatic pasting, long-distance measurement and continuous operation.
Claims (1)
1. A method for efficiently testing force positions of a neutral axis and a wheel rail of a steel rail is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps;
s1, determining an absolute geographic position; firstly, finding out the geographic coordinates of a starting position; then, the vehicle part (26) before walking walks to the next position on the rail member (25); secondly, placing a coordinate positioning moving seat (52) into a coordinate positioning V-shaped platform (51) through a front vehicle coordinate hoisting manipulator (29); thirdly, a coordinate downward pressing and bending arm (56) presses the coordinate cross groove guide seat (54) downward, so that a coordinate positioning push rod (53) is separated from a lower end groove clamping position and rises to enter a middle neutral position, the coordinate positioning moving seat (52) is pushed forward to the small end of the coordinate positioning V-shaped platform (51), downward pressing is continued, and the upper end groove is clamped to the coordinate positioning push rod (53) for limiting; then, a coordinate system is established by the coordinate transceiver (57), the front vehicle positioning origin (35) and the previous coordinate transceiver (57), and the coordinates of the front vehicle positioning origin (35) and the rear vehicle positioning origin (50) are determined; then, the rear vehicle patch feeding mechanical arm (33) withdraws and transmits the former coordinate positioning moving seat (52) to the front vehicle coordinate hoisting mechanical arm (29) for the next use;
s2, firstly, hoisting the positioning component part (36) to two sides of the steel rail piece (25) through the positioning suspension rope (37) and the positioning suspension telescopic rod (38); then, the positioning second linkage push rod (44) is linked with the positioning first linkage push rod (42) to enable the positioning frame I (9) and the positioning frame II (10) to move oppositely to be attached to the steel rail piece (25) mutually, and an adjustment value is recorded through the positioning offset grating (40); secondly, monitoring whether the positioning component part (36) is kept in a vertical state or not through a positioning gyroscope (39);
s3, when the positioning frame I (9) and the positioning frame II (10) move oppositely, the first hinged V swing arm (45) and the positioning second hinged V swing arm (46) are hinged to form a rhombic connecting rod structure to move, so that the spring hinge (24) keeps centering, and the prism support frame (22) realizes the correct position of the total reflection prism (23);
s4, performing positioning marking operation; firstly, checking whether infrared data are accurate or not, and adjusting a prism support frame (22) to enable a laser infrared distance meter to receive a signal of a total reflection prism (23), and symmetrically wrapping a positioning frame I (9) and a positioning frame II (10) on the outer side wall of a steel rail piece (25); then, through a pulley I (17) and a pulley II (18), a positioning frame I (9) and a positioning frame II (10) are moved, a display screen is observed, and the position of a wheel track central point is aligned through a fulcrum central line calibration scale II (12) and a fulcrum central line calibration scale I (11); secondly, when the movable positioning frame I (9) and the positioning frame II (10) reach the designated positions, starting the corresponding electric spark imprinter to calibrate the position of the strain gauge;
s5, executing the patch operation;
firstly, the lower claw of the rear vehicle support (32) is in contact with a leveling prefabrication platform prefabricated on two sides of the steel rail piece (25) so that the rear vehicle frame (31) is separated from the steel rail piece (25); then, the foil mounting conveying part conveys the strain foils one by one; secondly, the rear vehicle patch feeding mechanical arm (33) picks up and conveys the strain gauges one by one, and feeds the strain gauges to the steel rail piece (25) for bonding after the rear vehicle gluing part (34) is glued;
by means of the positioning device, the positioning device comprises a positioning frame I (9) and a positioning frame II (10) which are arranged in a matched mode; the positioning frame I (9) and the positioning frame II (10) are symmetrically wrapped on the outer side wall of the steel rail piece (25);
a first vertical power electric spark imprinter (1) and a second vertical power electric spark imprinter (2) are arranged at equal height on the outer side of the upper waist part of the positioning frame I (9);
a third vertical power electric spark imprinter (3) and a fourth vertical power electric spark imprinter (4) are arranged at equal height on the outer side of the upper waist part of the positioning frame II (10);
a fifth transverse force electric spark imprinter (5) and a sixth transverse force electric spark imprinter (6) are arranged on the upper surface of the bottom foot part of the positioning frame I (9) along the longitudinal direction of the steel rail piece (25) in a collinear way;
a seventh transverse force electric spark imprinter (7) and an eighth transverse force electric spark imprinter (8) are arranged on the upper surface of the bottom foot part of the positioning frame II (10) along the longitudinal direction of the steel rail piece (25) in a collinear way;
a fulcrum center line calibration ruler II (12) is arranged on the upper surface of the head part of the positioning frame I (9), and a fulcrum center line calibration ruler I (11) is arranged on the upper surface of the head part of the positioning frame II (10);
on the positioning frame I (9), a laser infrared distance meter I (13) is arranged at the longitudinal side of the first vertical force electric spark imprinter (1) in the same height, and a laser infrared distance meter II (14) is arranged at the longitudinal side of the second vertical force electric spark imprinter (2) in the same height;
on the positioning frame II (10), a laser infrared distance meter III (15) is arranged at the same height of the longitudinal side of the third vertical force electric spark imprinter (3), and a laser infrared distance meter IV (16) is arranged at the same height of the longitudinal side of the fourth vertical force electric spark imprinter (4);
the positioning device is also matched with prism support frames (22) which are connected and symmetrically arranged at the tops through spring hinges (24) positioned above the steel rail pieces (25), and the lower end of each prism support frame (22) is provided with a total reflection prism (23);
a total reflection prism (23) on the side of the positioning frame I (9) for longitudinally receiving the reflected laser of the reflected laser infrared distance meter I (13) and/or the laser infrared distance meter II (14);
a total reflection prism (23) on the side of the positioning frame II (10) for longitudinally receiving the reflected laser of the reflected laser infrared distance meter III (15) and/or the laser infrared distance meter IV (16);
the device comprises a running front vehicle part (26) arranged on a steel rail piece (25);
the walking front vehicle part (26) comprises a front vehicle frame body (28); a front vehicle positioning origin (35) and a positioning suspension rope (37) are arranged on the front vehicle frame body (28);
a positioning suspension telescopic rod (38) is arranged at the lower end of the positioning suspension rope (37), a positioning component part (36) is connected to the lower end of the positioning suspension telescopic rod (38), and the positioning component part (36) is used for marking the steel rail piece (25) so as to be pasted with a sheet;
a positioning component part (36) which comprises a positioning first fixing arm (41) arranged at the lower end of the positioning suspension telescopic rod (38); a positioning offset grating (40) is arranged on the positioning first fixing arm (41);
a first positioning linkage push rod (42) is arranged at one side of the first positioning fixed arm (41),
a positioning second guide arm (43) striding over the steel rail piece (25) is horizontally arranged on the positioning first fixing arm (41), and a positioning second linkage push rod (44) driving the positioning second guide arm (43) to transversely move is arranged on the positioning first fixing arm (41);
the positioning second linkage push rod (44) and the positioning first linkage push rod (42) are in electric control linkage, hydraulic control series connection or pneumatic control series connection;
a positioning frame I (9) is arranged at the end part of the positioning first linkage push rod (42), a positioning frame II (10) is arranged on the positioning second guide arm (43), and the positioning frame I (9) and the positioning frame II (10) move oppositely to be attached to the steel rail piece (25) mutually; the positioning frame I (9) and the positioning frame II (10) are respectively provided with a carving machine or a marking pen for marking;
two hinged points of the first hinged V-shaped swing arm (45) and the positioning second hinged V-shaped swing arm (46) are vertically arranged up and down, and a positioning vertical diagonal guide vertical rod (47) vertically penetrates through the two hinged points; the two hinge points move up and down in opposite directions on the positioning vertical diagonal guide vertical rod (47); a positioning central axial cross bar (48) is horizontally arranged on the positioning vertical diagonal guiding vertical bar (47), and a prism guiding roller seat (49) is arranged at the end part of the positioning central axial cross bar (48) and is used for walking on the upper surface of the steel rail piece (25);
a spring hinge (24) is arranged on the prism guide roller seat (49), a prism support frame (22) is arranged on the spring hinge (24), and a total reflection prism (23) is arranged at the lower end of the prism support frame (22);
a positioning gyroscope (39) is arranged on the positioning suspension telescopic rod (38) to monitor whether the positioning component part (36) is kept in a vertical state;
a front vehicle coordinate hoisting manipulator (29) is arranged on the front vehicle frame body (28);
coordinate positioning V-shaped platforms (51) are prefabricated on two sides of the steel rail piece (25) so as to place coordinate components;
the coordinate assembly comprises a coordinate positioning moving seat (52); a coordinate lower bending arm (56) is arranged on the coordinate positioning moving seat (52), and a coordinate transceiver (57) and a coordinate hanging ring (58) are arranged on the coordinate positioning moving seat (52); the coordinate hanging ring (58) is used for being taken by the mechanical arm;
a coordinate positioning push rod (53) is arranged at the inlet of the large end of the coordinate positioning V-shaped platform (51), a coordinate cross slot guide seat (54) is vertically arranged on the coordinate positioning push rod (53),
a coordinate elastic reset base (55) is arranged at the lower end of the coordinate cross groove guide seat (54);
the upper end groove and the lower end groove of the coordinate cross groove guide seat (54) are used for being clamped on the coordinate positioning push rod (53) for limiting, the middle part of the coordinate cross groove guide seat (54) is in a neutral position so as to pass through the coordinate positioning push rod (53),
the coordinate press bending arm (56) is used for pressing the coordinate cross groove guide seat (54) downwards, so that the upper end groove of the coordinate cross groove guide seat (54) is clamped to the coordinate positioning push rod (53) for limiting;
a guide inclined plane used for contacting the end surface of the coordinate positioning push rod (53) by rear pressure is arranged at the side part of the coordinate cross groove guide seat (54);
the front vehicle coordinate hoisting manipulator (29) is used for hooking the coordinate hanging ring (58).
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