CN113047230A

CN113047230A - Port ship anti-collision device

Info

Publication number: CN113047230A
Application number: CN202110329910.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高俊亮; 马小剑; 梅莉莉; 陈洪洲; 毛鸿飞; 刘珍; 刘倩
Original assignee: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-03-26
Filing date: 2021-03-26
Publication date: 2021-06-29

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of ship anti-collision machinery, and particularly relates to a port ship anti-collision device. The specific technical scheme is as follows: including the buffering cushion, first buffering subassembly and the second buffering subassembly that set gradually, the buffering cushion is the cambered surface with boats and ships contact and its contact surface, the second buffering subassembly include with harbour fixed connection's second base, the second base is provided with a plurality of first logical grooves towards the side of boats and ships, and is a plurality of it is provided with the push rod to slide in the first logical groove, push rod one end and first logical groove clearance fit, during the natural state, first logical groove is stretched into to push rod one end, the other end and first buffering subassembly fixed connection, the push rod still overlaps and is equipped with first spring, first spring both ends respectively with first buffering subassembly, second buffering subassembly fixed connection. The device simple structure, economical and practical implements multiple buffering protection to boats and ships, can solve the problem of collision port when boats and ships berth well.

Description

Port ship anti-collision device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of ship anti-collision machinery, and particularly relates to a port ship anti-collision device.

Background

A ship is a generic term for various ships, and is a vehicle that travels or parks in a water area for transportation or work. The ship has the advantages of floating property, stability and sinking resistance.

It is very important that ships stop safely in port. In general, a ship is mainly parked in three modes, namely a bow-first mode, a stern-first mode and a parallel mode. Wherein, the common small and medium-sized ships generally adopt a mooring mode that the bow of the upwind top flow ship leans against first, under the condition, the ships can finish mooring by self-anchored equipment without the assistance of a tug; the large ship is heavy, so that the large ship is difficult to berth only by self equipment, and generally needs to berth in parallel under the assistance of front and rear tugs; when the loading and unloading bridge plate of the roll-on passenger cargo ship is installed at the stern, a berthing mode that the stern leans first is generally adopted, mainly for the purposes of convenient loading and unloading and relatively flexible operation, the loading and unloading bridge plate is arranged at the bow and the stern of the existing passenger cargo ship, so the berthing mode is gradually replaced by a berthing mode that the bow leans first and the stern leans first.

The ship is composed of a plurality of parts, and the devices for assisting the ship to stop mainly comprise anchor equipment, mooring equipment, anti-collision equipment or buffer equipment and the like. In the process of berthing at a port, the ship has the drifting property in a water body, and the ship is easy to collide with the port when berthing, so that anti-collision equipment or buffering equipment is required to be arranged at the port so as to avoid collision of the ship to the port in the process of berthing, and the ship structure at the bow and the berthing port can be damaged. At present, the ship berthing anti-collision equipment generally adopts waste rubber tires to provide buffer protection, but the anti-collision effect of the anti-collision equipment is very little, so that a port ship anti-collision device with a remarkable anti-collision effect is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, the invention aims to provide a port ship anti-collision device, which can prevent a ship from colliding with a port.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a harbour boats and ships buffer stop, is including the buffering cushion, first buffering subassembly and the second buffering subassembly that set gradually, the buffering cushion is the cambered surface with boats and ships contact and its contact surface, the second buffering subassembly include with harbour fixed connection's second base, the second base is provided with a plurality of first logical grooves towards the side of boats and ships, and is a plurality of first logical inslot slides and is provided with the push rod, push rod one end and first logical groove clearance fit, during natural state, first logical groove is stretched into to push rod one end, the other end and first buffering subassembly fixed connection, the push rod still overlaps and is equipped with first spring, first spring both ends respectively with first buffering subassembly, second buffering subassembly fixed connection.

Preferably: first grooves are symmetrically formed in the inner side faces of the first through grooves, a second spring is fixedly connected to the bottom in each first groove, a pressing block is fixedly connected to the other end of each second spring, the other end of each pressing block extends into each first through groove and is a wedge-shaped end, and a wedge-shaped face corresponding to the wedge-shaped end of each pressing block is arranged at the end part of each push rod extending into each first through groove; in a natural state, one end of the pressing block extends into the first groove, and the wedge-shaped end of the pressing block extends into the first through groove.

Preferably: the second that communicates each other can be set to between two adjacent first logical grooves, two adjacent first recesses leads to the groove, the second leads to the inslot and is provided with the third spring, the equal fixedly connected with in third spring both ends the briquetting, during natural state, the equal one end of two briquetting that the second led to the inslot stretches into the second and leads to the inslot, and its wedge end stretches into first logical inslot.

Preferably: the first through grooves are communicated with one another through communicating cavities, and openings of the communicating cavities face downwards.

Preferably: a plurality of [ -shaped second sliding grooves are formed in the side face, facing the ship, of the second base, second sliding blocks are arranged in the second sliding grooves in a sliding mode, one ends of the second sliding blocks are fixedly connected with second compression springs, and the other ends of the second compression springs are fixedly connected with the second sliding grooves; a second connecting rod is hinged to the second sliding block, and the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the first buffering assembly;

the contact surface of the second sliding block and the second sliding groove is provided with a second limiting protrusion, a third sliding groove corresponding to the second limiting protrusion is formed in the second sliding groove, and the size of the second limiting protrusion is smaller than that of the second sliding block.

Preferably: first buffering subassembly include with buffering cushion fixed connection's first base, first base is provided with the first spout of a plurality of "[" shape towards the side of boats and ships, the rigid coupling has the slide bar in the first spout, sliding connection has first slider on the slide bar, first slider articulates there is the first connecting rod of two telescopic, two first connecting rod all articulates with buffering cushion.

Preferably: first link include with the outer pole of first slider rigid coupling, outer pole is provided with first cavity, be provided with first compression spring in the first cavity, pole in first compression spring one end and the fixed connection of first cavity bottom, other end fixedly connected with, pole in the first cavity holds, pole one end stretches into first cavity and can slide in first cavity, the other end with the cushion pad is articulated.

Preferably: the second buffer assembly is fixed with the port through a connecting piece, and the port is provided with a second groove for accommodating the connecting piece; the connecting piece comprises a first connecting block, and second connecting blocks are symmetrically and rotatably arranged on two sides of the first connecting block; and in a natural state, the two second connecting blocks are perpendicular to the first connecting block, and in an external force action, the two second connecting blocks are parallel to and contact with the first connecting block.

Preferably: first cavities which are mutually communicated are arranged in the first connecting block and the second connecting block, a corresponding telescopic third connecting rod is arranged in the first cavity, straight rods are arranged at two ends of the third connecting rod, an arc-shaped rod is arranged between the two straight rods, one part of the arc-shaped rod is positioned in the first connecting block, and the other part of the arc-shaped rod is positioned in the second connecting block; and a third compression spring is sleeved on the arc-shaped rod of the third connecting rod, and two ends of the third compression spring are respectively fixedly connected with the end part of the arc-shaped cavity of the first cavity.

Preferably: the third connecting rod comprises two sections of arc-shaped rods, a second concave cavity with opposite openings is formed in the joint of the two arc-shaped rods, and a fourth connecting rod is arranged in the second concave cavity in a sliding mode; and a fourth limit stop is arranged at the opening of the second cavity, and fourth limit bulges corresponding to the fourth limit stop are arranged at the two ends of the fourth connecting rod.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, by arranging the buffer cushion, the first buffer assembly and the second buffer assembly, when a ship is berthed, multiple buffer protection is implemented on the ship, so that the problem that the ship collides with a port when berthing can be well solved, and the device has a simple structure, and is economical and practical; meanwhile, when one structure is damaged and fails, other structures can still buffer and protect the ship, and the damage to the ship is avoided.

2. A plurality of first through grooves are formed in the second buffer assembly, push rods are in clearance fit in the first through grooves, and first springs are sleeved on the push rods to convert impact energy of a ship in seawater into elastic energy of the springs; simultaneously, fill with the sea water in the first logical groove, the push rod slides in first logical groove, need overcome sea water pressure and do work to impact energy is fallen in partial dissipation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the anti-collision device for the port vessel of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion A of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion C of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion B of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of a connector according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the connector of the present invention (with the third compression spring removed);

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the overall construction of the locking cap of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the port ship collision prevention device after extrusion.

In the figure:

the buffer cushion 1, the port 4, the cap 61, the cap body 62 and the circular groove 63;

the damping device comprises a first damping component 2, a first base 20, a first sliding chute 21, a sliding rod 22, a first sliding block 23, a first connecting rod 24, an outer rod 25, a first cavity 26, a first compression spring 27 and an inner rod 28;

the second buffer component 3, the second base 30, the first through groove 31, the push rod 32, the first spring 33, the first groove 34, the second spring 35, the pressing block 36, the second through groove 37, the third spring 38, the communicating cavity 39, the second sliding block 301, the second compression spring 302, the second connecting rod 303, the second sliding groove 304, the second limiting protrusion 305 and the third sliding groove 306;

the connecting piece 5, the second groove 50, the first connecting block 51, the second connecting block 52, the first cavity 53, the third connecting rod 54, the fourth connecting rod 55, the straight rod 56, the arc-shaped rod 57, the third compression spring 58 and the second cavity 59.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-8, the anti-collision device for a port ship comprises a cushion 1, a first cushion component 2 and a second cushion component 3 which are sequentially arranged, wherein the cushion 1 is in contact with the ship when the ship stops, in order to make the ship in better contact with the cushion 1, the contact surface of the cushion 1 is arranged to be an arc surface, and the cushion 1 can be restored to the original state after removing external force within a certain force application range, and can be a rubber cushion, a cushion assembled by waste automobile tires, and the like; the second buffer module 3 is fixedly connected with the port 4, and the first buffer module 2 is arranged between the buffer cushion 1 and the second buffer module 3.

The second buffer assembly 3 comprises a second base 30 fixedly connected with a port 4, the second base 30 is provided with a plurality of openings facing to the side of the ship and a first through groove 31 in the shape of [ "of the ship, the first through groove 31 is internally provided with a push rod 32 in a sliding manner, one end of the push rod 32 is in clearance fit with the first through groove 31, namely, one end of the push rod 32 connected with the first through groove 31 is a movable end, when in a natural state, one end of the push rod 32 extends into the first through groove 31, the other end of the push rod is fixedly connected with the first buffer assembly 2, the push rod 32 is further sleeved with a first spring 33, two ends of the first spring 33 are respectively fixedly connected with the first buffer assembly 2 and the second buffer assembly 3, when the ship is not berthed, the first spring 33 is in a natural state, when the ship is berthed, the ship is contacted with the buffer cushion 1 and further approaches to the port 4, and the first spring 33 is extruded, the push rod 32 is pushed into the first through groove 31. In order to avoid direct collision between the push rod 32 and the bottom of the first through groove 31, the contact surface between the push rod 32 and the bottom of the first through groove 31 is provided with an elastic block, so that the push rod 32 is prevented from being damaged by direct collision between the push rod 32 and the first through groove 31. It should be noted that the outer diameter of the first spring 33 may be larger than or smaller than the inner diameter of the first through groove 31, and when the outer diameter of the first spring 33 is larger than the inner diameter of the first through groove 31, the first spring 33 fixes the outside of the first through groove 31 and is fixedly connected with the side end of the second base 30; when the outer diameter of the first spring 33 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first through groove 31, the first spring 33 fixes the inside of the first through groove 31.

When a ship is berthed, in order to convert the impact force in the horizontal direction into the force in the vertical direction to be dissipated, first grooves 34 are symmetrically arranged on the inner side surfaces of the first through grooves 31, second springs 35 are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the first grooves 34, pressing blocks 36 are fixedly connected to the other ends of the second springs 35, the other ends of the pressing blocks 36 extend into the first through grooves 31 and are wedge-shaped ends, and wedge-shaped surfaces corresponding to the wedge-shaped ends of the pressing blocks 36 are arranged at the end parts of the push rods 32 extending into the first through grooves 31; in a natural state, the second spring 35 is in a natural state, one end of the pressing block 36 extends into the first groove 34, and the wedge-shaped end of the pressing block extends into the first through groove 31; when a ship is berthed, the ship extrudes the push rod 32 to push into the first through groove 31, when the wedge-shaped end of the push rod 32 is contacted with the wedge-shaped end of the pressing block 36, the pressing block 36 is extruded by the push rod 32 to push into the first groove 34, and the second spring 35 is in a compression state to convert the kinetic energy of the ship in the horizontal direction into the elastic energy of the ship in the vertical direction.

Further, the second through grooves 37 which are communicated with each other can be formed between two adjacent first through grooves 31 and two adjacent first grooves 34, namely, the two adjacent first through grooves 31 can be communicated with each other through the second through grooves 37, the second through grooves 37 are internally provided with third springs 38, two ends of each third spring 38 are fixedly connected with the pressing blocks 36, in a natural state, the uniform ends of the two pressing blocks 36 in the second through grooves 37 extend into the second through grooves 37, the wedge-shaped ends of the pressing blocks extend into the first through grooves 31, and it needs to be explained that the second springs 35 and the third springs 38 are vertically arranged.

In order to prevent the pressing block 36 from sliding out of the first groove 34 and the second through groove 37, first limit stoppers are arranged inside the first groove 34 and the second through groove 37 and close to the openings, and first limit protrusions corresponding to the first limit stoppers are arranged on the side surfaces of the pressing block 36.

Furthermore, the first through grooves 31 are communicated with each other through the communication cavity 39, the communication cavity 39 is open downwards, that is, seawater can enter the first through grooves 31 through the communication cavity 39, and in a natural state, the first through groove 31 is filled with seawater, when the ship is berthed, the ship extrusion push rod 32 is pushed into the first through groove 31, it can be understood that the pressure of the seawater in the first through groove 31 is lower than that of the seawater at the bottom of the second base 30, the push rod 32 needs to overcome the pressure at the bottom of the second base 30 to discharge the seawater in the first through groove 31, so that the push rod 32 is pushed into the first through slot 31, it is convenient to understand that the first through slot 31 can be regarded as a piston cylinder, the push rod 32 as a piston rod, the piston cylinder is filled with water, the pressure intensity of one end, far away from the piston rod, of the piston cylinder is larger than that of one end of the piston rod, and the impact force of the ship on the port 4 is converted into pressure energy overcoming the pressure intensity of seawater and dissipated.

A plurality of [ -shaped second sliding grooves 304 are formed in the side face, facing the ship, of the second base 30, a second sliding block 301 is arranged in the second sliding grooves 304 in a sliding mode, one end of the second sliding block 301 is fixedly connected with a second compression spring 302, the other end of the second compression spring 302 is fixedly connected with the second sliding grooves 304, and the second compression spring 302 is arranged vertically; a second connecting rod 303 is hinged to the second sliding block 301, and the other end of the second connecting rod 303 is hinged to the first buffer component 2; a second limiting protrusion 305 is arranged on a contact surface of the second sliding block 301 and the second sliding groove 304, a third sliding groove 306 corresponding to the second limiting protrusion 305 is arranged in the second sliding groove 304, and the size of the second limiting protrusion 305 is smaller than that of the second sliding block 301. In the natural state, the second compression spring 302 is in a compressed state; when the ship is berthed, the first buffer assembly 2 pushes the second connecting rod 303, and the second connecting rod 303 extrudes the second sliding block 301 to slide in the second sliding chute 304, so that the second compression spring 302 is continuously extruded, and the impact energy of the ship in the horizontal direction is converted into elastic energy in the vertical direction.

First buffering subassembly 2 include with 1 fixed connection's of cushion first base 20, first base 20 is provided with the first spout 21 of a plurality of "[" shape towards the side of boats and ships, the rigid coupling has slide bar 22 in the first spout 21, sliding connection has first slider 23 on the slide bar 22, first slider 23 articulates there is the first connecting rod 24 of two telescopes, two first connecting rod 24 all articulates with cushion 1, two first connecting rod 24 each other becomes the angle, cushion 1 slope sets up, and during the boats and ships berth, can partially decompose vertical direction and its ability counterbalance with the impact force of horizontal direction.

Further, the first connecting rod 24 includes an outer rod 25 fixedly connected to the first slider 23, the outer rod 25 is provided with a first cavity 26, a first compression spring 27 is arranged in the first cavity 26, one end of the first compression spring 27 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first cavity 26, the other end of the first compression spring 27 is fixedly connected to an inner rod 28, the first cavity 26 accommodates the inner rod 28, one end of the inner rod 28 extends into the first cavity 26 and can slide in the first cavity 26, and the other end of the inner rod 28 is hinged to the cushion 1; in order to prevent the inner rod 28 from sliding out of the first cavity 26, a third limit stop is arranged in the first cavity 26 near the opening, and a third limit protrusion corresponding to the third limit stop is arranged at one end of the inner rod 28 extending into the first cavity 26.

In order to prevent the anti-collision device from being washed away under the action of sea waves, the anti-collision device must be firmly fixed on the port 4, the peripheral edge of the anti-collision device can be fixed on the port 4 through bolts, meanwhile, a connecting piece 5 is also arranged on the contact surface of the second buffer component 3 and the port 4, the second buffer component 3 and the port 4 are fixed through the connecting piece 5, and the port 4 is provided with a second groove 50 capable of accommodating the connecting piece 5; the connecting piece 5 comprises a first connecting block 51, and second connecting blocks 52 are symmetrically and rotatably arranged on two sides of the first connecting block 51; in a natural state, the two second connecting blocks 52 are perpendicular to the first connecting block 51, and when an external force acts, the two second connecting blocks 52 are parallel to and in contact with the first connecting block 51. It should be noted that the second groove 50 is a transverse groove, when the anti-collision device is installed, an external force is applied to make the second connection block 52 parallel to the first connection block 51, so that the second connection block passes through the "-" section groove and enters the "-" section groove, then the external force is removed, the two second connection blocks 52 are perpendicular to the first connection block 51, the two second connection blocks 52 abut against the side surfaces of the "-" section groove, the perpendicular length of the two second connection blocks 52 is greater than the widest width of the "-" section groove, a part of the first connection block 51 is located in the "-" section groove, and a part of the first connection block 51 is located in the "-" section groove.

In the invention, the connecting piece 5 can be placed in the second groove 50 by means of a fixing cap, the fixing cap comprises a cap body 61 and a cap body 62 which are concentrically arranged and have hollow interiors, the cap body 62 and the cap body 61 are both provided with circular grooves 63 which are used for accommodating the first connecting block 51 and the second connecting block 52 and are concentrically arranged, the outer radius of the cap body 61 is larger than the outer radius of the- "section groove of the second groove 50, the outer radius of the cap body 62 is smaller than the inner radius of the-" section groove of the second groove 50, when the connecting piece is installed, the second connecting block 52 and the first connecting block 51 are arranged in parallel and are placed in the circular groove 63 of the cap body 62, the connecting piece 5 is gradually pushed into the second groove 50, the fixing cap is abutted against the opening of the- "section groove and is continuously pushed in, the second connecting block 52 is separated from the fixing cap, the constraint of the fixing cap is lost, the two second connecting blocks 52 are perpendicular to the first connecting block, and the two second connecting blocks 52 are abutted against the side surface of the "|" section groove.

First cavities 53 which are communicated with each other are arranged in the first connecting block 51 and the second connecting block 52, corresponding telescopic third connecting rods 54 are arranged in the first cavities 53, the third connecting rods 54 can be accommodated in the first cavities 53, straight rods 56 are arranged at two ends of each third connecting rod 54, an arc-shaped rod 57 is arranged between the two straight rods 56, namely, under the action of external force, the length of the arc-shaped rod 57 can be changed by the third connecting rods 54, one part of the arc-shaped rod 57 is positioned in the first connecting block 51, the other part of the arc-shaped rod 57 is positioned in the second connecting block 52, namely, one straight rod 56 is positioned in the first connecting block 51, and the other straight rod 56 is positioned in the second connecting block 52; the arc rod 57 of the third connecting rod 54 is sleeved with a third compression spring 58, two ends of the third compression spring 58 are respectively and fixedly connected with the end part of the arc cavity of the first cavity 53, and in a natural state, the third compression spring 58 is in a compression state.

The third connecting rod 54 comprises two sections of arc-shaped rods 57, second concave cavities 59 with opposite openings are formed in the joints of the two arc-shaped rods 57, and fourth connecting rods 55 are arranged in the second concave cavities 59 in a sliding mode; a fourth limit stop is arranged at the opening of the two second cavities 59, and fourth limit protrusions corresponding to the fourth limit stop are arranged at the two ends of the fourth connecting rod 55.

The working principle of the anti-collision device for the port ship is as follows: when a ship is berthed, the ship is firstly contacted with the arc-shaped buffer cushion 1, and the buffer cushion 1 is extruded, so that the inner rod 28 is pushed into the first concave cavity 26 to compress the first compression spring 27, and the first sliding block 23 is driven to slide on the sliding rod 22; when the first compression spring 27 can no longer be compressed and the first slider 23 is relatively balanced on the slide 22, the first buffer component 2 begins to extrude the second buffer component 3, the first spring 33 is extruded, the push rod 32 is pushed into the first through groove 31 to convert the kinetic energy into the elastic energy, when the wedge-shaped end of the push rod 32 contacts with the wedge-shaped end of the pressing block 36, the push rod 32 presses the pressing block 36 to push into the first groove 34, the second spring 35 is in a compressed state, meanwhile, the first buffer component 2 pushes the second connecting rod 303, the second connecting rod 303 extrudes the second sliding block 301 to slide in the second sliding chute 304, therefore, the second compression spring 302 is continuously extruded, impact energy in the horizontal direction of the ship is converted into elastic energy in the vertical direction, kinetic energy of the ship is converted into elastic energy for multiple times by the anti-collision device, the ship can be well protected, and meanwhile, the damping function of the ship during berthing is improved.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various changes, modifications, alterations, and substitutions which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a harbour boats and ships buffer stop which characterized in that: comprises a cushion (1), a first cushion component (2) and a second cushion component (3) which are arranged in sequence, the buffer cushion (1) is contacted with a ship and the contact surface of the buffer cushion is an arc surface, the second buffer component (3) comprises a second base (30) fixedly connected with the port (4), the side surface of the second base (30) facing the ship is provided with a plurality of first through grooves (31), push rods (32) are arranged in the first through grooves (31) in a sliding manner, one end of the push rod (32) is in clearance fit with the first through groove (31), and in a natural state, one end of the push rod (32) extends into the first through groove (31), the other end is fixedly connected with the first buffer component (2), the push rod (32) is further sleeved with a first spring (33), and two ends of the first spring (33) are fixedly connected with the first buffer component (2) and the second buffer component (3) respectively.

2. The port vessel collision avoidance device of claim 1, wherein: first grooves (34) are symmetrically formed in the inner side surfaces of the first through grooves (31), second springs (35) are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the first grooves (34), pressing blocks (36) are fixedly connected to the other ends of the second springs (35), the other ends of the pressing blocks (36) extend into the first through grooves (31) and are wedge-shaped ends, and wedge-shaped surfaces corresponding to the wedge-shaped ends of the pressing blocks (36) are arranged at the end parts of the push rods (32) extending into the first through grooves (31); in a natural state, one end of the pressing block (36) extends into the first groove (34), and the wedge-shaped end of the pressing block extends into the first through groove (31).

3. The port vessel collision avoidance device of claim 2, wherein: between two adjacent first logical groove (31), two adjacent first recesses (34) can set to the second that communicates each other and lead to groove (37), the second is led to and is provided with third spring (38) in groove (37), the equal fixedly connected with in third spring (38) both ends briquetting (36), during natural state, two briquetting (36) homogeneous ends that the second led to in groove (37) stretch into the second and lead to in groove (37), and its wedge end stretches into in first logical groove (31).

4. The port vessel collision avoidance device of claim 1, wherein: the first through grooves (31) are communicated with each other through a communication cavity (39), and the communication cavity (39) is opened downwards.

5. The port vessel collision avoidance device of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of [ -shaped second sliding grooves (304) are formed in the side face, facing the ship, of the second base (30), a second sliding block (301) is arranged in the second sliding grooves (304) in a sliding mode, one end of the second sliding block (301) is fixedly connected with a second compression spring (302), and the other end of the second compression spring (302) is fixedly connected with the second sliding grooves (304); a second connecting rod (303) is hinged to the second sliding block (301), and the other end of the second connecting rod (303) is hinged to the first buffering component (2);

the contact surface of the second sliding block (301) and the second sliding groove (304) is provided with a second limiting protrusion (305), a third sliding groove (306) corresponding to the second limiting protrusion (305) is formed in the second sliding groove (304), and the size of the second limiting protrusion (305) is smaller than that of the second sliding block (301).

6. The port vessel collision avoidance device of claim 1, wherein: first buffering subassembly (2) include with cushion (1) fixed connection's first base (20), first base (20) are provided with first spout (21) of a plurality of "[" shape towards the side of boats and ships, the rigid coupling has slide bar (22) in first spout (21), sliding connection has first slider (23) on slide bar (22), first slider (23) articulate has the first connecting rod (24) of two telescopic, two first connecting rod (24) all are articulated with cushion (1).

7. The port vessel bump prevention device as claimed in claim 6, wherein: first connecting rod (24) include with outer pole (25) of first slider (23) rigid coupling, outer pole (25) are provided with first cavity (26), be provided with first compression spring (27) in first cavity (26), pole (28) in first compression spring (27) one end and first cavity (26) bottom fixed connection, other end fixedly connected with, pole (28) in first cavity (26) hold, interior pole (28) one end stretches into in first cavity (26) and can slide in first cavity (26), the other end with cushion (1) is articulated.

8. The port vessel collision avoidance device of claim 1, wherein: the second buffer component (3) is fixed with the port (4) through a connecting piece (5), and the port (4) is provided with a second groove (50) for accommodating the connecting piece (5); the connecting piece (5) comprises a first connecting block (51), and second connecting blocks (52) are symmetrically and rotatably arranged on two sides of the first connecting block (51); in a natural state, the two second connecting blocks (52) are perpendicular to the first connecting block (51), and when external force acts, the two second connecting blocks (52) are parallel to and in contact with the first connecting block (51).

9. The port vessel bump prevention device as claimed in claim 8, wherein: first cavities (53) which are communicated with each other are formed in the first connecting block (51) and the second connecting block (52), a corresponding telescopic third connecting rod (54) is arranged in the first cavity (53), straight rods (56) are arranged at two ends of the third connecting rod (54), an arc-shaped rod (57) is arranged between the two straight rods (56), one part of the arc-shaped rod (57) is positioned in the first connecting block (51), and the other part of the arc-shaped rod is positioned in the second connecting block (52); and a third compression spring (58) is sleeved on the arc-shaped rod (57) of the third connecting rod (54), and two ends of the third compression spring (58) are respectively fixedly connected with the end part of the arc-shaped cavity of the first cavity (53).

10. The port vessel bump guard of claim 9, wherein: the third connecting rod (54) comprises two sections of arc-shaped rods (57), second concave cavities (59) with opposite openings are formed in the joints of the two arc-shaped rods (57), and fourth connecting rods (55) are arranged in the second concave cavities (59) in a sliding mode; and a fourth limit stop is arranged at the opening of the two second cavities (59), and fourth limit bulges corresponding to the fourth limit stops are arranged at the two ends of the fourth connecting rod (55).