CN113046092A - Powder full-biodegradable mulching film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Powder full-biodegradable mulching film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113046092A CN113046092A CN202110308038.5A CN202110308038A CN113046092A CN 113046092 A CN113046092 A CN 113046092A CN 202110308038 A CN202110308038 A CN 202110308038A CN 113046092 A CN113046092 A CN 113046092A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/52—Mulches
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mulching films. The invention provides a powder full-biodegradable mulching film which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of starch; 30-50 parts of methacrylic acid; 5-10 parts of a humectant; 2-5 parts of an auxiliary agent; 1-3 parts of a crosslinking agent; 2-5 parts of potassium persulfate; 40-60 parts of water. The invention also provides a preparation method of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film. The powder mulching film can realize full biodegradation, does not form residues, and is pollution-free; the biodegradation rate can reach more than 98 percent in 200 days under natural conditions; the powder mulching film has excellent film forming performance and has the functions of warming, preserving water and moisture, removing weeds and promoting early growth of seedlings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mulching films, in particular to a powdery full-biodegradable mulching film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The mulching film mulching cultivation technology is an important technology for increasing the agricultural yield, particularly the manufacturing of ultrathin mulching films, and although the usage amount of the mulching films in unit area can be relatively reduced and the cost is reduced, the thinner the mulching film is, the more easily the mulching film is broken, and broken mulching film fragments remained on the ground surface and in soil cannot be completely degraded, so that great difficulty is brought to cleaning and recycling. In addition, the residual mulching film fragments form a barrier layer in the soil, so that the air permeability of the soil is reduced, the root system development of crops is hindered, and the absorption of water and nutrients is hindered, so that the yield of the crops is reduced.
In order to solve the adverse effect brought by the mulching film fragments, the degradable mulching film gradually becomes the development trend of the mulching film. The starch is wide in source and low in price, is a renewable biological resource, can be completely digested and utilized by microorganisms, and is one of important raw materials of the degradable mulching film. But starch is sensitive to the humidity of the environment, has poor mechanical property, poor water retention and soil moisture conservation performance and poor heat sealing performance. The solid mulching film can be damaged in the transportation and carrying processes, and the performance is poor, so that the transportation is difficult; and the powder plastic film is owing to can keep plastic film original performance, transportation convenience, receives user's favor more and more.
Therefore, the research and development of the ultrathin powder full-biodegradable mulching film which can improve the water retention and soil moisture preservation performance and reduce the cost has very important economic and social values.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a powder full-biodegradable mulching film and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art. The powder mulching film can realize full biodegradation, does not form residues, and is pollution-free; the biodegradation rate can reach more than 98 percent in 200 days under natural conditions. The powder mulching film has excellent film forming performance and has the functions of warming, preserving water and moisture, removing weeds and promoting early growth of seedlings.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a powder full-biodegradable mulching film which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
preferably, the humectant contains one or more of chitosan, carrageenan, xanthan gum, glycerol, carboxymethyl cellulose, vaseline, stearic acid, silicone oil and pectin.
Preferably, the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of nano titanium dioxide, nano silicon dioxide, nano shell powder and talcum powder; the particle size of the auxiliary agent is 50-500 nm.
Preferably, the cross-linking agent comprises one or more of dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, N-methylene bisacrylamide, boric acid, citric acid and aminosilane.
Preferably, the particle size of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film is 500-800 nm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film, which comprises the following steps:
1) carrying out gelatinization reaction on starch and part of water to obtain jelly;
2) mixing the jelly, methacrylic acid, a cross-linking agent and the rest water, and then reacting to obtain a solution;
3) and (3) reacting the solution, the humectant, the auxiliary agent and potassium persulfate, and then drying to obtain the powder full-biodegradable mulching film.
Preferably, the temperature of the gelatinization reaction in the step 1) is 70-90 ℃, and the time is 0.5-1 h.
Preferably, the mass fraction of the part of water in the step 1) in the total water amount is 60-70%.
Preferably, the reaction temperature in the step 2) is 40-50 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-2 h.
Preferably, the reaction temperature in the step 3) is 55-65 ℃, and the time is 0.5-1.5 h; the drying treatment temperature is 75-85 ℃, and the drying treatment time is 20-30 h.
The beneficial effects of the invention include the following:
1) the powder mulching film can realize full biodegradation, does not form residues, and is pollution-free; the degradation characteristic of the powder mulching film can also adjust the local air humidity and nutrient change of soil without damaging the soil structure, is beneficial to the absorption of plants on water and nutrients, and can continuously increase the crop yield; the biodegradation rate of the mulching film can reach more than 98 percent in 200 days under natural conditions.
2) The powder mulching film has excellent film forming performance and has the functions of warming, preserving water and moisture, removing weeds and promoting early growth of seedlings.
3) The powder mulching film is convenient to transport and low in production cost.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a powder full-biodegradable mulching film which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation raw materials of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film comprise 10-30 parts of starch, preferably 15-25 parts of starch, and further preferably 18-22 parts of starch; the starch is preferably corn starch, tapioca starch or potato starch.
The preparation raw material of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film comprises 30-50 parts of methacrylic acid, preferably 35-45 parts, and further preferably 38-42 parts.
The preparation raw materials of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film comprise 5-10 parts of a humectant, preferably 7-9 parts, and further preferably 8 parts.
The humectant preferably comprises one or more of chitosan, carrageenan, xanthan gum, glycerol, carboxymethyl cellulose, vaseline, stearic acid, silicone oil and pectin; when the humectant contains several components at the same time, the components are preferably mixed in an equal mass ratio.
The preparation raw materials of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film comprise 2-5 parts of an auxiliary agent, preferably 3-4 parts.
The auxiliary agent preferably comprises one or more of nano titanium dioxide, nano silicon dioxide, nano shell powder and talcum powder, and when the auxiliary agent simultaneously comprises a plurality of components, the components are preferably mixed in equal mass proportion; the particle size of the auxiliary agent is preferably 50-500 nm, more preferably 100-400 nm, and even more preferably 200-300 nm.
The assistant has the characteristics of promoting photocatalytic degradation, having excellent hydrophilicity, antibacterial property and the like.
The preparation raw materials of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film comprise 1-3 parts of a cross-linking agent, preferably 2 parts.
The cross-linking agent preferably comprises one or more of dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, N-methylene bisacrylamide, boric acid, citric acid and aminosilane; when the crosslinking agent contains several components at the same time, the components are preferably mixed in an equal mass ratio.
The preparation raw material of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film comprises 2-5 parts of potassium persulfate, preferably 3-4 parts.
The preparation raw materials of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film comprise 40-60 parts of water, preferably 45-55 parts of water, and further preferably 48-52 parts of water.
The particle size of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film is preferably 500-800 nm, and more preferably 600-700 nm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film, which comprises the following steps:
1) carrying out gelatinization reaction on starch and part of water to obtain jelly;
2) mixing the jelly, methacrylic acid, a cross-linking agent and the rest water, and then reacting to obtain a solution;
3) and (3) reacting the solution, the humectant, the auxiliary agent and potassium persulfate, and then drying to obtain the powder full-biodegradable mulching film.
The temperature of the gelatinization reaction in the step 1) is preferably 70-90 ℃, more preferably 75-85 ℃, and more preferably 78-82 ℃; the time of the gelatinization reaction is preferably 0.5-1 h, and more preferably 0.75 h.
The mass fraction of the part of water in the step 1) of the invention in the total water amount is preferably 60-70%, more preferably 62-67%, and even more preferably 63-65%.
The reaction temperature in the step 2) of the invention is preferably 40-50 ℃, more preferably 43-48 ℃, and more preferably 45-46 ℃; the reaction time is preferably 1-2 h, and more preferably 1.5 h.
The reaction temperature in the step 3) of the invention is preferably 55-65 ℃, more preferably 57-63 ℃, and more preferably 60-62 ℃; the reaction time is preferably 0.5-1.5 h, and more preferably 1 h; the temperature of the drying treatment is preferably 75-85 ℃, more preferably 77-83 ℃, and even more preferably 79-82 ℃; the drying time is preferably 20 to 30 hours, more preferably 23 to 28 hours, and even more preferably 25 hours.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
10kg of tapioca starch and 24kg of water were mixed and reacted at 70 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain a gum. The gum, 30kg methacrylic acid, 1kg benzoyl peroxide and 16kg water were mixed and reacted at 42 ℃ for 2h to obtain a solution. And (3) reacting the solution, 2kg of xanthan gum, 3kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 2kg of nano shell powder (the granularity is 100nm) and 2kg of potassium persulfate at 57 ℃ for 1.5h, and then drying at 77 ℃ for 28h to obtain the powdery full-biodegradable mulching film.
Uniformly mixing the powder full-biodegradable mulching film with the mass ratio of 1:3 with water, and spraying the mixture on the ground to form a mulching film with the thickness of 4 microns.
The biodegradation rate of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film is 98% in 200 days under natural conditions, and the powder full-biodegradable mulching film can adjust local air humidity and nutrient change of soil, is beneficial to absorption of moisture and nutrients by plants, and has the effects of warming, preserving water and preserving soil moisture.
Example 2
20kg of corn starch and 33kg of water were mixed and reacted at 80 ℃ for 0.75h to obtain a gum. The gum, 40kg of methacrylic acid, 1kg of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide, 1kg of boric acid and 17kg of water were mixed and reacted at 45 ℃ for 1.5 hours to obtain a solution. Reacting the solution, 4kg of chitosan, 4kg of glycerol, 2kg of nano titanium dioxide (the granularity is 200nm), 2kg of nano silicon dioxide (the granularity is 200nm) and 3kg of potassium persulfate at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 1h, and then drying at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 25h to obtain the powdery full-biodegradable mulching film.
Uniformly mixing the powder full-biodegradable mulching film with the mass ratio of 1:4 with water, and spraying the mixture on the ground to form a mulching film with the thickness of 3 microns.
The biodegradation rate of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film is 99% in 200 days under natural conditions, and the powder full-biodegradable mulching film can adjust local air humidity and nutrient change of soil, is beneficial to absorption of moisture and nutrients by plants, and has the effects of warming, preserving water and preserving soil moisture.
Example 3
30kg of corn starch and 36kg of water were mixed and reacted at 88 ℃ for 0.5h to obtain a gum. The gum, 50kg methacrylic acid, 3kg dicumyl peroxide and 24kg water were mixed and reacted at 50 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain a solution. And (3) reacting the solution, 9kg of silicone oil, 5kg of talcum powder (the granularity is 400nm) and 5kg of potassium persulfate at 65 ℃ for 0.5h, and then drying at 83 ℃ for 20h to obtain the powdery full-biodegradable mulching film.
Uniformly mixing the powder full-biodegradable mulching film with the mass ratio of 1:3 with water, and spraying the mixture on the ground to form a mulching film with the thickness of 5 microns.
The biodegradation rate of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film is 99% in 200 days under natural conditions, and the powder full-biodegradable mulching film can adjust local air humidity and nutrient change of soil, is beneficial to absorption of moisture and nutrients by plants, and has the effects of warming, preserving water and preserving soil moisture.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The powder full-biodegradable mulching film is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
2. the powder full-biodegradable mulching film according to claim 1, wherein the humectant comprises one or more of chitosan, carrageenan, xanthan gum, glycerol, carboxymethyl cellulose, vaseline, stearic acid, silicone oil, and pectin.
3. The powder full-biodegradable mulching film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of nano titanium dioxide, nano silicon dioxide, nano shell powder and talcum powder; the particle size of the auxiliary agent is 50-500 nm.
4. The powder full-biodegradable mulching film according to claim 3, wherein the cross-linking agent comprises one or more of dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, N-methylene bisacrylamide, boric acid, citric acid and aminosilane.
5. The powder full-biodegradable mulch film according to claim 4, wherein the particle size of the powder full-biodegradable mulch film is 500-800 nm.
6. The preparation method of the powder full-biodegradable mulching film according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) carrying out gelatinization reaction on starch and part of water to obtain jelly;
2) mixing the jelly, methacrylic acid, a cross-linking agent and the rest water, and then reacting to obtain a solution;
3) and (3) reacting the solution, the humectant, the auxiliary agent and potassium persulfate, and then drying to obtain the powder full-biodegradable mulching film.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the gelatinization reaction in the step 1) is 70-90 ℃ and the time is 0.5-1 h.
8. The preparation method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the mass fraction of the part of water in the step 1) in the total water amount is 60-70%.
9. The preparation method of claim 8, wherein the reaction temperature in the step 2) is 40-50 ℃ and the reaction time is 1-2 h.
10. The preparation method of claim 9, wherein the reaction temperature in the step 3) is 55-65 ℃ and the reaction time is 0.5-1.5 h; the drying treatment temperature is 75-85 ℃, and the drying treatment time is 20-30 h.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110308038.5A CN113046092A (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2021-03-23 | Powder full-biodegradable mulching film and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202110308038.5A CN113046092A (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2021-03-23 | Powder full-biodegradable mulching film and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1935878A (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2007-03-28 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Multifunctional degradable liquid-state mulch film and its preparing method |
| CN101432309A (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2009-05-13 | 吸收剂技术公司 | Superabsorbent polymers in agricultural applications |
| CN104804355A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-07-29 | 四川师范大学 | Biodegradable agricultural liquid mulching film and preparation method thereof |
| CN110387013A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-10-29 | 山东农业大学 | Low temperature rapid polymerization type starch base super absorbent polymer and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-03-23 CN CN202110308038.5A patent/CN113046092A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101432309A (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2009-05-13 | 吸收剂技术公司 | Superabsorbent polymers in agricultural applications |
| CN1935878A (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2007-03-28 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Multifunctional degradable liquid-state mulch film and its preparing method |
| CN104804355A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-07-29 | 四川师范大学 | Biodegradable agricultural liquid mulching film and preparation method thereof |
| CN110387013A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-10-29 | 山东农业大学 | Low temperature rapid polymerization type starch base super absorbent polymer and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 娄春华等: "《高分子科学导论》", 31 March 2019, 哈尔滨工业大学出版社 * |
| 王文广: "《聚合物改性原理》", 31 March 2018, 中国轻工业出版社 * |
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