CN113042604A - Labor-saving thinning and stretching method adopting roller structure - Google Patents

Labor-saving thinning and stretching method adopting roller structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113042604A
CN113042604A CN202110439198.3A CN202110439198A CN113042604A CN 113042604 A CN113042604 A CN 113042604A CN 202110439198 A CN202110439198 A CN 202110439198A CN 113042604 A CN113042604 A CN 113042604A
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China
Prior art keywords
stretching
roller
piece
thinning
groove
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CN202110439198.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
方敏
闫钊鸣
张治民
王强
蒋理帅祎
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North University of China
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North University of China
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/201Work-pieces; preparation of the work-pieces, e.g. lubricating, coating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D24/00Special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/10Die sets; Pillar guides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/18Lubricating, e.g. lubricating tool and workpiece simultaneously

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a labor-saving thinning and stretching method adopting a roller structure, wherein a stretching piece moves downwards along with a stretching punch, enters an annular working belt from a stretching piece channel, is firstly contacted with a cylindrical roller and starts to be occluded, the friction force between the cylindrical roller and the cylindrical roller can cause the cylindrical roller to generate and keep rotating in a groove along with the increase of the occluded area, and the roller and the feeding motion of the stretching piece synchronously rotate in the subsequent deformation process, so that thinning and stretching without sliding friction are realized until the stretching piece completely passes through the annular working belt. The present case adopts annular mold to carry out the attenuation drawing of metal very much, and simple structure, flexibility are strong, the mode is novel, has weakened the sliding friction between tensile piece of metal and the ring to realized laborsaving attenuation drawing, single pass deformation big, tensile piece advantage such as not fragile.

Description

Labor-saving thinning and stretching method adopting roller structure
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the metal plastic forming technology, and particularly relates to a thinning, stretching and plastic processing method of a common cylindrical part or box-shaped part.
Background
Cylindrical or box-shaped parts are common types of metal components, and the traditional processing method is a forming technology or a process method consisting of backward extrusion and multi-pass ironing. The multi-pass thinning and stretching can greatly reduce the wall thickness and obtain the corresponding increase of the length of a stretched piece, is beneficial to reducing the wall thickness difference generated during the backward extrusion blank making, and has wide application in the field of industrial manufacturing at present. However, in the traditional thinning and stretching process, violent sliding friction exists between the working surface and the stretching piece when the stretching piece deforms, so that on one hand, the deformation force is increased, and the phenomena of bottom pull cracking, cylinder wall tearing and the like are easy to occur; on the other hand, a series of problems of low service life of the die, scratch on the surface of the stretching piece and the like are caused. Especially for high-strength members which need to be subjected to tensile deformation after heating, the traditional ironing process is more difficult to be sufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a labor-saving thinning and stretching method adopting a roller structure, which greatly reduces the load required by stretching, thereby realizing large single-pass stretching deformation, realizing labor-saving high-efficiency production on the basis of ensuring the requirement of product forming precision and obviously prolonging the service life of a die.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is: a labor-saving thinning and stretching method adopting a roller structure relates to a labor-saving thinning and stretching die adopting a roller structure, and the die comprises rollers and a stretching die ring, wherein the stretching die ring is annular, the stretching die ring is provided with a hollow stretching member channel, the inner wall of the stretching member channel is provided with a plurality of grooves, a rotating cylindrical roller is coaxially embedded in each groove, the rotating shaft of each roller is vertical to the central shaft of the stretching die ring, and two adjacent rollers are tightly abutted, so that all the rollers on the inner wall of the stretching die ring are arranged to form a closed annular working belt; the section of the groove is crescent, the outer part of the roller is embedded into the groove, and the inner part of the roller protrudes out of the groove; the groove notches on the upstream side of the feeding direction are deflected outwards relative to the central axis direction of the drawing die ring, and the groove notches on the downstream side of the feeding direction are deflected inwards relative to the central axis direction of the drawing die ring, so that the diameter of the drawing piece channel on the upstream side of the feeding direction is larger than that on the upstream side of the feeding direction;
the method comprises the specific steps that a stretching piece moves downwards along with a stretching punch, the stretching piece enters an annular working belt from a stretching piece channel, the stretching piece is firstly contacted with a cylindrical roller and starts to be occluded, the friction force between the cylindrical roller and the cylindrical roller can cause the cylindrical roller to rotate in a groove and keep rotating along with the increase of the occluded area, and the roller and the feeding movement of the stretching piece synchronously rotate in the subsequent deformation process, so that thinning and stretching without sliding friction are realized until the stretching piece completely passes through the annular working belt.
Preferably, the groove notches upstream in the feeding direction are deflected outwards and then extend inwards to form the retaining edge.
Preferably, the groove notch downstream in the feeding direction is deflected inward and is aligned with the retaining rim.
After the scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention particularly adopts the annular mould to perform thinning and stretching of metal, the annular mould adopts a plurality of cylindrical rollers to be closely and annularly arranged to form a stretching mould ring suitable for thinning and stretching of cylindrical parts, box-shaped parts and the like, the structure is simple, the flexibility is strong, the mode is novel, the sliding friction common in thinning and stretching is weakened to the greatest extent by utilizing the synchronous rotation of the cylindrical rollers, the maximum forming force is reduced by 1/3-1/4 compared with the traditional process, and the maximum stretching speed can be improved by more than 2 times; the multi-pass process design of single-pass wall thickness reduction exceeding the traditional process can be realized; the service life of the die ring is prolonged by more than 50%. Particularly, the rolling shaft groove structure is easy to store lubricating agents such as grease and the like, and is beneficial to ensuring the production continuity under the working conditions of high temperature and high load. In addition, the roller is enabled to be always kept in the groove in the rotating process of the roller in the feeding direction and not to be easily separated due to the deflected crescent groove structure in the thinning and stretching process, and therefore the generated self-locking effect is also one of the main characteristics of the roller.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the invention and the operation of the tension member;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the fit relationship between the grooves and the rollers according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drawing die ring and a roller of the present invention taken along a central axis;
fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
the drawing die comprises a drawing die ring 1, a drawing piece channel 11, a groove 12, an anti-falling blocking edge 13, a roller 2 and a drawing piece 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 4 and embodiments, taking a cylindrical member as an example.
The invention relates to a labor-saving thinning and stretching die adopting a roller structure, which comprises a stretching die ring 1 and rollers 2, wherein the stretching die ring 1 is annular, the stretching die ring 1 is provided with a hollow stretching piece channel 11 for a stretching piece 3 to pass through, the inner wall of the stretching piece channel 11 is provided with a plurality of grooves 12, and a rotating cylindrical roller 2 is coaxially embedded in each groove 12;
as shown in fig. 3, the rotating shaft of the roller 2 is perpendicular to the central shaft of the drawing die ring 1, and two adjacent rollers 2 are closely abutted, so that all the rollers 2 on the inner wall of the drawing die ring 1 are arranged to form a closed annular working belt, as shown in fig. 4;
with reference to fig. 1 and 2, the cross section of the groove 12 is crescent-shaped, the outer part of the roller 2 is embedded into the groove 12, and the inner part of the roller 2 protrudes out of the groove 12; the notches of the grooves 12 upstream in the feeding direction are deflected outward with respect to the central axis direction of the die ring 1, and the notches of the grooves 12 downstream in the feeding direction are deflected inward with respect to the central axis direction of the die ring 1, so that the diameter of the drawing piece passage 11 upstream in the feeding direction is larger than the diameter of the drawing piece passage 11 upstream in the feeding direction.
As a further preferable scheme, the notch of the groove 12 at the upstream of the feeding direction deflects outwards at an inclination angle α, and then extends inwards for a distance δ to form an anti-falling blocking edge 13, and the anti-falling blocking edge 13 can effectively block the roller 2 from moving upwards to prevent the roller 2 from falling off.
The notch of the groove 12 at the downstream of the feeding direction deflects inwards and then is positioned on the same straight line with the anti-falling blocking edge 13, so that the notch can be cut and machined and formed in a straight line conveniently.
The invention provides a labor-saving thinning and stretching method adopting a roller structure, which comprises the specific processes that when a stretching piece 3 moves downwards along with a stretching punch, the stretching piece 3 enters an annular working belt from a stretching piece channel 11, firstly contacts with a cylindrical roller 2 and starts to be occluded, the friction force between the stretching piece and the cylindrical roller 2 can cause the cylindrical roller 2 to generate and keep rotating in a groove 12 along with the increase of the occluded area, and the roller 2 and the stretching piece 3 synchronously rotate during the subsequent deformation process, so that thinning and stretching without sliding friction are realized until the stretching piece 3 completely passes through the annular working belt.
The specific parameters of the mold parts can be referred to as follows: in fig. 1, D is the inner diameter of the drawing member 3, D1 is the original outer diameter of the drawing member 3, and D2 is the outer diameter of the drawing member 3 after ironing. The wall thickness before thinning is
Figure BDA0003034339940000041
The wall thickness after thinning is
Figure BDA0003034339940000042
So that the single pass is thinned by
Figure BDA0003034339940000043
Notch inclination angle alpha and single-pass thinning
Figure BDA0003034339940000044
The thickness of the film is increased with the increase of the single-pass thinning amount, and the angle is preferably 15-30 degrees.
First, as shown in fig. 2, the diameter d0 of the cylindrical roller 2 should be more than twice the amount of single pass thinning
Figure BDA0003034339940000045
Or the meshing area of the deformed metal of the stretching piece 3 and the roller 2 is not more than one fifth of the circumference of the roller 2;
the design is that in the process of thinning the pipe wall, metal entering the annular working belt subsequently is accumulated, the wall thickness is slightly increased, the original diameter D1 is increased, and therefore the design ensures that the metal is accumulated above the tight abutting joint of the roller and the roller, in other words, the metal is prevented from flowing out of the position outside the occlusion area.
The roller 2 is inserted into the groove 12, the inner diameter of the groove 12
Figure BDA0003034339940000046
As shown in fig. 4, the length B of the cylindrical rollers 2 depends on the degree of subdivision of the endless work belt, the diameter of which is D2, which is equally divided into 24 rollers 2, and each roller 2 is located at two end points on the circumference of the endless work belt D2, so that
Figure BDA0003034339940000047
While
Figure BDA0003034339940000048
Generally, B is 1 to 1.5d0, and the corresponding groove length is B +0.02 to 0.05 mm. The slot width L is smaller than d0 to further ensure that the roller 2 does not fall freely.
Next, the assembled drawing die ring 1 is tightly arranged along the inner edge of the cylindrical roller 2 embedded in the grooved ring to form a closed annular working belt, as shown in fig. 3.
Figure BDA0003034339940000049
I.e., the present pass wall thickness reduction, and the single pass maximum allowable reduction is related to the material properties, deformation conditions, and geometries D1, D2, D, etc., the actual reduction may greatly exceed the conventional maximum allowable reduction because the present invention minimizes the sliding friction between the drawing member 3 and the drawing die ring 1.
On the basis of the structure, the drawing die ring 1 can also adopt various structural forms such as split type, so as to be beneficial to processing and assembling. In addition, the superposition of a plurality of stretching die rings 1 can realize the continuous multi-pass thinning and stretching, and each die ring intentionally staggers the rolling shaft 2 for a certain position to be beneficial to improving the surface quality of the stretching piece 3; and the cylindrical roller 2 can be made in a universal size to suit the needs of a similar drawing die 1.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the design of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made in the design key point of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A labor-saving thinning and stretching method adopting a roller structure is characterized by relating to a labor-saving thinning and stretching die adopting a roller structure, wherein the die comprises a roller and a stretching die ring, the stretching die ring is annular, the stretching die ring is provided with a hollow stretching member channel, the inner wall of the stretching member channel is provided with a plurality of grooves, a rotating cylindrical roller is coaxially embedded in each groove, the rotating shaft of each roller is vertical to the central shaft of the stretching die ring, and two adjacent rollers are tightly abutted, so that all the rollers on the inner wall of the stretching die ring are arranged to form a closed annular working belt; the section of the groove is crescent, the outer part of the roller is embedded into the groove, and the inner part of the roller protrudes out of the groove; the groove notches on the upstream side of the feeding direction are deflected outwards relative to the central axis direction of the drawing die ring, and the groove notches on the downstream side of the feeding direction are deflected inwards relative to the central axis direction of the drawing die ring, so that the diameter of the drawing piece channel on the upstream side of the feeding direction is larger than that on the upstream side of the feeding direction; the method comprises the specific steps that a stretching piece moves downwards along with a stretching punch, the stretching piece enters an annular working belt from a stretching piece channel, the stretching piece is firstly contacted with a cylindrical roller and starts to be occluded, the friction force between the cylindrical roller and the cylindrical roller can cause the cylindrical roller to rotate in a groove and keep rotating along with the increase of the occluded area, and the roller and the feeding movement of the stretching piece synchronously rotate in the subsequent deformation process, so that thinning and stretching without sliding friction are realized until the stretching piece completely passes through the annular working belt.
CN202110439198.3A 2021-04-23 2021-04-23 Labor-saving thinning and stretching method adopting roller structure Pending CN113042604A (en)

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