CN113035986A - Single cell, packaging film, solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Single cell, packaging film, solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113035986A CN113035986A CN202110442002.6A CN202110442002A CN113035986A CN 113035986 A CN113035986 A CN 113035986A CN 202110442002 A CN202110442002 A CN 202110442002A CN 113035986 A CN113035986 A CN 113035986A
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
A single cell, an encapsulation film, a solar cell module and a manufacturing method thereof belong to the field of solar cells. The packaging film is a manufactured article of hot melt material that is capable of being cross-linked. The packaging film includes a body portion that is not crosslinked, and a pre-crosslinked portion that is not completely crosslinked and is formed in a partial region in the body portion. When the packaging film is heated, the flowability of the pre-crosslinking part is smaller than that of the body part. The packaging film can avoid the problems caused by welding operation and can also avoid the problem of metal wire offset on the surface of the cell in the solar cell module.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of solar cells, in particular to a single cell, an encapsulation film, a solar cell module and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Solar power generation is an environment-friendly energy technology, and develops rapidly in recent years, and various novel technologies emerge endlessly. The crystalline silicon heterojunction cell (HJT) has the excellent characteristics of symmetrical structure, low-temperature manufacturing process, high open-circuit characteristic, good temperature characteristic and the like.
In consideration of electrical properties such as output voltage of a single battery, a plurality of batteries are generally assembled into a battery module. The manufacturing process of the solar component comprises the following steps: and connecting the solder strip with the single battery according to the positive and negative electrodes. Wherein, the welding strip is electrically connected with the battery surface through a welding process.
However, the high temperature heating melts the solder on the surface of the solder strip and bonds to the silver paste on the surface of the battery. Moreover, there are phenomena such as welding scar, over-welding, insufficient welding, fragment, flash short circuit, etc. during the welding process. At the same time, flux is introduced during this period, which increases the uncertainty factor of the reliability of the assembly.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a single cell, an encapsulation film, a solar cell module and a manufacturing method thereof, so that the problem of welding operation by using a welding strip when the solar cell module is manufactured is improved and even solved, and good current collection capability can be ensured.
The application is realized as follows:
in a first aspect, examples of the present application provide an encapsulation film for fabricating a solar cell module.
The packaging film is a manufactured article of hot melt material capable of being cross-linked. Structurally, the encapsulation film includes a body portion that is not crosslinked, and a pre-crosslinked portion that is not completely crosslinked formed in a partial region in the body portion. And when the packaging film is heated, the flowability of the pre-crosslinking part is smaller than that of the body part.
The packaging film is made of a hot-melt material capable of being crosslinked. It can be melted by heating and thus has a certain fluidity, so that it can have good filling and bonding properties. At the same time, it also has a certain structural strength and peel strength after cooling. And, since it can be crosslinked, desired flow and strength characteristics can be obtained as needed.
When the encapsulating film is applied to manufacturing a solar cell module, the encapsulating film is heated to have proper fluidity, and is filled in the module. At the same time, the relatively low fluidity of the pre-crosslinked portion allows it to retain its morphology, thereby helping to "firmly" confine the wires on the surface of the cell to a state of contact with the grid lines.
Therefore, the metal wires can be connected with the grid lines on the surface of the battery without welding; this application scheme is through extrusion, the limiting displacement of encapsulation film, makes wire and grid line firm, the electrical contact of ground nature steadily. Therefore, the welding process operation for welding the metal wire and the grid line can be removed, and the phenomena of welding scars, over welding, insufficient welding, fragments, flash short circuit and the like in the welding process are avoided. Also, since no soldering process is used, this eliminates the adverse effect on the reliability of the assembly from the flux introduced as required by the soldering operation. In other words, the scheme of the application can eliminate uncertainty factors caused by welding operation to the performance of the assembly.
According to some examples of the present application, a hot melt material capable of being crosslinked consists essentially of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate; and/or, a substrate is attached to the surface of the packaging film, and the substrate comprises glass or a back plate.
According to some examples of the present application, the number of the pre-crosslinking portions is at least two, and the pre-crosslinking portions are arranged at intervals along the given direction in the body portion;
or the number of the pre-crosslinking parts is at least three, and the pre-crosslinking parts are arranged on the body part at intervals along a given direction, and the distance between every two adjacent pre-crosslinking parts is equal;
or, the degree of crosslinking of the pre-crosslinked portion is 50% or less;
or, the pre-crosslinked portion is not completely crosslinked by means of a crosslinking reaction of the material in the state of the main body portion; alternatively, the crosslinking reaction is triggered by means of irradiation or heating;
alternatively, the fluidity of the pre-crosslinked portion is smaller than that of the main body portion by: and independently crosslinking the main body, and crosslinking the integrated pre-crosslinked part and the main body, wherein in the vulcanization curve of the crosslinking process of the main body and the integrated pre-crosslinked part, the minimum torque value of the independently crosslinked main body is 0.1, and the minimum torque value of the integrated pre-crosslinked part and the main body is 0.3.
In a second aspect, examples of the present application provide a method of making an encapsulation film. The method comprises the following steps:
making a crosslinkable hot melt material into a non-crosslinked film;
and carrying out crosslinking treatment on the selected area of the film so as to form pre-crosslinking parts distributed in the uncrosslinked body part of the film, wherein the pre-crosslinking parts are not completely crosslinked.
According to some examples of the application, a method comprises: before or after the cross-linking treatment, an operation of attaching the film to a package board including glass or a back plate is performed.
In a third aspect, an example of the present application provides a single cell for fabricating a solar cell module in cooperation with the aforementioned encapsulation film or an encapsulation film obtained by implementing the aforementioned method for fabricating an encapsulation film.
The single cell piece includes:
the battery piece body is provided with a grid line, and the grid line is provided with connecting sections positioned at two ends and a transition section positioned between the connecting sections at the two ends;
the adhesive body is formed on the connecting sections at two ends of the grid line;
and the metal wire is adhered to the transition section of the grid line of the cell body through the adhesive body at the connecting sections at the two ends of the grid line.
According to some examples of the present application, the cell body is a heterojunction cell.
In a fourth aspect, examples of the present application provide a solar cell module comprising:
the aforementioned encapsulation film or an encapsulation film obtained by implementing the aforementioned method of manufacturing an encapsulation film;
the single battery cell as described above;
the packaging film is stacked on the single battery piece, and the metal wire in the single battery piece is electrically contacted with the transition section of the grid line in a pressing mode through the area corresponding to the pre-crosslinking portion.
According to some examples of the present application, the battery pack includes at least two battery cells, all of which constitute the battery pack by being connected in series and/or in parallel; the packaging film has two pieces, and the battery pack is clamped by the two pieces of packaging film.
In a fifth aspect, examples of the present application provide a method of fabricating a solar cell module, the method comprising:
providing a battery piece and two packaging plates;
clamping the battery pieces by using two packaging plates according to a laminating mode to form a laminated structure;
wherein, at least one of the packaging plates comprises a transparent substrate and a packaging film formed on the surface of the transparent substrate, the packaging film is made of a hot melt material capable of being crosslinked, the packaging film is provided with a body part which is not crosslinked and a pre-crosslinking part which is not completely crosslinked and is formed in a partial area of the body part, and the flowability of the pre-crosslinking part is smaller than that of the body part when the packaging film is heated;
the metal wire is bonded to the end portion of the grid line on the surface of the battery piece through gluing, and the metal wire is extruded by the pre-crosslinking portion area of the packaging film to be attached to the grid line.
According to some examples of the application, a method comprises: the laminated structure is heat laminated.
In the implementation process, the solar cell module provided by the embodiment of the application does not need to weld the metal wire and the grid line of the cell, so that the problem caused by welding operation is eliminated. Meanwhile, the pre-crosslinked part formed in the packaging film is utilized to clamp the metal wire and the battery piece, and then the metal wire and the battery piece are subjected to thermal lamination, so that firm bonding (high peeling strength) of each layer is achieved, stable electrical contact between the metal wire and grid lines of the battery piece is ensured, and current collection is facilitated.
The application solves the problem that the packaging adhesive film and other materials can be stripped by adopting the pre-processed adhesive film under the condition of not using a welding process, and the problem of wire deviation in the packaging and laminating process can be solved, so that the application prospect is practical.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a manner in which a metal wire is fitted to a cell body in a single cell in an example of the present application;
fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of an encapsulation film in an example of the present application;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the curing curves of a film made of the film-forming material and a pre-crosslinked encapsulation film.
Icon: 100-single battery piece; 101-cell body; 102-a wire; 200-packaging film; 201-a body portion; 202-Pre-crosslinking.
Detailed Description
The single solar cell is limited by factors such as output voltage, and generally cannot be directly used as a power source. Therefore, when used as a power source, a plurality of unit batteries need to be connected in series or parallel and then packaged into an assembly.
In addition, due to the difference in electrical properties of the individual solar cells, and in consideration of the need for the module as a whole to stably output electric power, other electrical devices may be installed as needed in addition to the series-parallel connection of the plurality of unit cells.
Wherein, the quality of the packaging is directly related to the final performance of the battery component. And an important step in the packaging process is to connect the single batteries in series and parallel.
At present, the manufacturing process of a solar module is to connect a solder strip and a plurality of single-chip batteries according to the positive and negative electrodes. That is, one end of the solder strip is connected to the positive electrode of the previous single cell, while the other end of the solder strip is connected to the negative electrode of the next single cell. The electrodes of the welding strip and the battery are connected through a welding process, namely high-temperature heating, so that soldering tin on the surface of the welding strip is melted and combined with silver paste for manufacturing grid lines on the surface of the battery.
However, the welding operation has many problems, which may result in deterioration of the performance, stability, etc. of the battery pack. In view of this, in the present application, the inventors propose to eliminate the welding process. That is, the solder ribbon is not connected to the electrode of the battery by means of welding. Based on the design, in the example of the application, the solder strip is pressed on the surface of the battery through the packaging adhesive film, so that the solder strip is electrically contacted with the electrode of the battery.
Therefore, in the case of packaging, the solder ribbon may be aligned with the electrode of the battery, and then the film may be covered and bonded by pressure bonding to bond the solder ribbon with the electrode of the battery by the restraining action of the film.
To achieve such a scheme, in an example, one kind of encapsulation film is selected for use. After the solder ribbon, the battery and the packaging film are aligned, the packaging film wraps the solder ribbon battery, so that the solder ribbon is pressed to contact the electrode.
In practice, on the basis of the scheme, the requirement on the alignment precision of the solder strip and the battery is relatively high. Because, in other examples, the solder strips and the battery are also bonded by means of glue. And considering that the solder strip needs to be electrically connected with the electrode of the battery, the conductive glue is selected when the whole solder strip is completely adhered with the electrode through the glue. But the conductivity of glue is usually not good enough to affect the collection current. With such a consideration, the example of the present application may choose to connect solder strips at both ends of the electrode. In this way, the area between the two glue-bonded parts of the electrode is in natural contact with the solder strip. Namely, the two ends of the metal wire are bonded, so that the metal wire is integrally and tightly attached to the electrode of the battery. The robustness and stability of such spontaneous combustion contact can be significantly improved by subsequent encapsulation with an encapsulating film.
The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, is provided to enable a person skilled in the art to make and use the present invention.
In a first aspect, a single cell is provided, which can be used to realize the fabrication of the above-mentioned solar cell module. Referring to fig. 1, a single cell 100 includes a cell body 101 and a wire 102.
In fig. 1, a battery cell body 101 is exemplified by a half cell. The metal wire 102 is adhered to the cell body 101 through glue; the glue body formed by the glue is not shown in fig. 1.
In actual operation, glue is applied to pre-selected/designated positions at two ends of a battery piece (a battery piece body 101), then metal wires are laid on the surface of the battery piece in alignment with grid lines of the battery piece, and then pre-heating treatment is carried out, wherein two ends of the metal wires are adhered to the surface of the battery piece; in other words, the glue used therein is a thermosetting glue. It should be noted that the manner of bonding the wires to the surface of the cell plate may vary depending on the glue. For example, in the foregoing solution, the glue is cured by heating, so as to achieve the bonding of the metal wires. When the glue is in other curing modes, the corresponding bonding scheme can be correspondingly selected. For example, glue is applied to selected positions on the surface of the cell plate, then the metal wires are laid on the surface of the cell plate, and then the glue is cured by light irradiation.
The wires are aligned with grid lines (e.g., primary grids) on the cell surface, as needed to collect current. In addition, for convenience of description, the gate line is divided into two connection segments at both ends, and a transition segment between the two connection segments. Therefore, glue is applied to the connection segment region at the end of the grid line of the cell. The metal wires are arranged and laid along the extending direction of the grid lines and attached to the grid lines, and the metal wires at the tail ends of the grid lines are adhered and fixed to the battery piece through glue.
Fig. 1 discloses a scheme of laying and bonding metal wires on one surface of a battery piece, such as a front surface/a light receiving surface. The wire may also optionally be bonded on its back side in the same or other manner. Furthermore, for a double-sided battery, such as a double-sided heterojunction battery, the wires may also be bonded in the manner described above.
On the basis of the single cell sheet 100 with the metal wires bonded thereto, a packaged solar cell can be obtained by just applying the above-described packaging thereto. After the positive and negative electrodes of the plurality of cell bodies 101 are connected end to end by the metal wire 102, a cell string formed by the plurality of cells can be formed, and then the plurality of cell strings can be connected in series and parallel as required, so as to be applied to manufacturing a solar cell module.
After the single cell 100 adhered with the metal wire 102 is manufactured, the metal wire 102 is wrapped on the cell body 101 by using an encapsulation film, so that the metal wire is in durable and stable electrical contact with the grid line on the cell body 101 to collect current. In view of such a need, the present application proposes an encapsulation film made of a hot-melt material (film-forming material for short) capable of undergoing crosslinking. I.e. it has cross-linkable properties and is also capable of melting to a liquid when heated to some extent and solidifying to a solid when cooled to some extent.
Therefore, in the case where it is not crosslinked, it can be solidified or melted by a cold and hot treatment, so that a non-crosslinked film having a desired shape can be obtained. Then, the crosslinking treatment is carried out on the mixture. As an example, the packaging film can be made of EVA. The EVA refers to a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate, and the structure of the EVA is shown as follows:
further, other auxiliary agents such as a peroxide-based primary crosslinking agent, an auxiliary crosslinking agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a silane coupling agent, an antioxidant, and the like may be contained therein. Such materials may be made in the form of hot melt adhesive films.
Since the encapsulating film is made of a material of the aforementioned type, it can be crosslinked, exhibiting relatively poorer flowability when melted by heat, since it has been pre-crosslinked, than it would have been without crosslinking. When the material mainly containing EVA is selected, the crosslinking mode can be realized by the following irradiation modes:
therefore, in the present example, the film-forming material is selected and used in combination with the manner of matching the wire and the cell body in the single cell to which the wire is bonded, and the film-forming material is cured to a thin film and then pre-crosslinked at a selected position, so that the pre-crosslinked portion is less likely to exhibit high fluidity when heated, thereby obtaining the encapsulating film.
In an example, referring to fig. 2, the encapsulation film 200 includes a body portion 201 and a pre-cross-linking portion 202 that are integrally formed. The number, shape, size and arrangement of the pre-crosslinking portions 202 are determined according to the arrangement of the metal wires or grid lines on the surface of the cell, and are not particularly limited. In fig. 2, five substantially rectangular pre-crosslinks 202 are shown; in other examples, the number may be one, two, three, or even more; or an odd or even number, etc. These pre-crosslinked portions 202 are arranged in an oriented (e.g., parallel) manner along the width direction of the cell sheet. Also, the distance between two adjacent pre-crosslinking portions 202 is equal.
The main body part is not crosslinked, and the pre-crosslinked part is not completely crosslinked. Therefore, in the process that the encapsulation film 200 tends to melt due to heat, the fluidity of the body portion may be higher than that of the pre-crosslinked portion.
Then, when the sealing film 200 is pressure-bonded to the surface of the single cell 100 to which the wire 102 is bonded, the sealing film 200 can achieve a good pressing effect on the wire. When the hot pressing/laminating/hot laminating treatment is performed, the encapsulation film 200 is heated to involve a melting process, wherein the body portion 201 has better fluidity and can fill a pore region and drive air, and the pre-crosslinking portion 202 properly maintains its form due to relatively poorer fluidity, so that the metal wires are not deviated relative to the grid lines, and stable and firm electrical contact between the metal wires and the grid lines is further ensured.
In addition, so the pre-crosslinking part is not completely crosslinked state is based on such thinking. If the pre-crosslinking part is not crosslinked, the pre-crosslinking part is heated and melted in the hot pressing process, so that the metal wire cannot be better constrained, and the metal wire is deviated relative to the grid line, and the poor contact between the metal wire and the grid line causes the reduction of the current collecting capacity. If the pre-crosslinking part is completely crosslinked, the adhesion of the pre-crosslinking part is reduced, so that the peel strength between the adhesive film and the glass/back plate/battery piece is reduced.
In other words, the degree of crosslinking of the pre-crosslinked portion of the encapsulating film has a considerable influence on the effect that can be achieved. Therefore, in some examples, the degree of crosslinking of the pre-crosslinked portion may be selected to be 50% or less; for example, the degree of crosslinking can be less than 40%, 30%, 20%, 10%, and so forth. The degree of crosslinking can be calculated by measurement by a swelling method, a nuclear magnetic resonance method, or the like. Since the degree of crosslinking of the pre-crosslinked portion correlates with its fluidity when heated, in some examples, the film formed by solidification of the film-forming material may be made to exhibit a desired fluidity behavior by selective crosslinking.
For example, when the crosslinking process is carried out by directly subjecting the film obtained using the aforementioned film-forming material to a crosslinking reaction (optionally triggered by irradiation or heating), the minimum torque value (M) in the vulcanization curve isL) Can be controlled to 0.1 dN.m. In contrast, the minimum torque value (M) in the vulcanization curve of the film obtained by using the film-forming material is subjected to selective pre-crosslinking and then to crosslinkingL) It can be controlled to 0.3dN · m. The results are shown in FIG. 3, and it is confirmed from such experiments that the fluidity is changed and remarkably decreased after the pre-crosslinking treatment is performed.
In order to facilitate the implementation of the method by a person skilled in the art, a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned encapsulation film is given in the example. The method comprises the following steps:
The film may be formed by dispersing the hot melt material in a molten state (e.g., liquid or melt) into a film by knife coating, spin coating, spray coating, or the like, and then solidifying the film upon cooling.
And 2, carrying out crosslinking treatment on the selected area of the film so as to form a pre-crosslinking part distributed in the uncrosslinked body part of the film, wherein the pre-crosslinking part is not completely crosslinked.
The crosslinking treatment may be performed in a different manner depending on the type and composition of the material, and is not particularly limited in this application. In some examples, the polymer is ionized and excited by high energy or ionizing radiation or heating, etc. to generate macromolecular free radicals to realize the intermolecular crosslinked network.
In one embodiment, irradiation is selected for selective cross-linking. For example, a linear light source (e.g., having a length substantially equivalent to the length of the wire, and a width equivalent thereto) is used to illuminate the surface of the film. Furthermore, the surface of the film may be irradiated with a plurality of linear light sources as described above at the same time, or a single linear light source may be used to perform the cross-linking treatment on the selected region by switching it on and off in combination with the movement of the light source or the movement of the film. In other examples, a mask having a specific pattern may be coated on the surface of the thin film, and then the surface of the thin film may be directly irradiated with a surface light source. The pattern area of the mask is hollow, so that light can be allowed to irradiate the surface of the film to perform selective cross-linking.
In the above manner, a separate encapsulation film can be obtained. In other examples, to facilitate the encapsulation of the solar cell module, an encapsulation film may be bonded to the flat encapsulant sheet structure to form an encapsulation film with an encapsulant sheet. In other words, the structure of the laminate is constituted by the encapsulating film and the encapsulating plate. Therefore, in the method of manufacturing the encapsulation film, it may further include: the operation of attaching the film to the package board is performed before or after the crosslinking treatment. For example, a film-forming material is knife-coated, such as with a slurry, onto the surface of the package board to solidify it into a thin film structure, which is then subjected to a crosslinking process. Alternatively, the produced film is subjected to crosslinking treatment and then attached to the surface of the package board. The packaging plate can be made of a light-transmitting material, such as a light-transmitting plate, such as a glass plate; alternatively, the encapsulating sheet may be a solar cell backsheet, such as a TPT sheet.
The above-mentioned method is implemented to obtain single battery pieces with adhered metal wires, and then the plurality of battery pieces are connected in series by the metal wires to form a battery string. And then the packaging film is used for packaging to obtain the battery component.
Therefore, a solar cell may be obtained in some examples using the above-described cell sheet and the encapsulating film. Which includes an encapsulation film and a single cell sheet. The packaging film is stacked on the single battery piece, and the metal wire in the single battery piece is electrically contacted with the transition section of the grid line in a pressing mode through the area corresponding to the pre-crosslinking portion. One or more (e.g., at least two) of the single cells may be used. When there is more than one single cell, all of the single cells may be connected in series and/or in parallel to form the battery pack. Further, for the encapsulation film, the number of the encapsulation films may be one or two. Preferably, the packaging film has two pieces, and the battery pack is held by the two pieces of packaging film. In other words, at least one encapsulation film may be used for encapsulation when manufacturing a solar cell module.
The solar cell can be prepared by the following steps:
the battery piece and the two packaging plates with the structure are manufactured in the manner as described above or in other manners. Then, the battery pieces are clamped by two packaging plates in a laminated mode to form a laminated structure. After the stacking is completed, the manufacturing method may further include: the laminated structure is heat laminated. The heat of the lamination process may bond the encapsulating films in the two encapsulating sheets together. During the thermal lamination process, the melted packaging film can flow to fill the gap between the two substrates (such as glass and TPT back plate) of the packaging plate, and remove the air holes in the middle, and simultaneously, the battery, the glass and the back plate are tightly bonded into a whole. And then solidified as the temperature is gradually lowered, thereby obtaining an assembly.
Through experiments, the assembly obtained by the scheme of the application is used for testing, and the maximum offset of the metal wire can be obtained to be 0.1mm in some examples. The maximum metal wire offset is an offset of the metal wire from a central fixed position (for example, a symmetrical line in a length direction of a rectangular grid line corresponding to the metal wire). And the peel strength between the packaging film and the battery piece can reach 45N. Other types of film forming materials were selected to fabricate the encapsulating film, the battery module was fabricated as described above, and tests were performed to obtain the maximum amount of wire deflection of 3mm (peel strength of 47N), 2.8mm (peel strength of 25N), and 3.2mm (peel strength of 18N) in some examples.
So far, the scheme of the present application is clearly elucidated. According to the scheme, on the basis of the existing solar cell packaging, a modified adhesive film processing mode (the adhesive film area near the metal wire is specially pretreated) is adopted, so that the problem that the cell needs to be welded in the packaging process is avoided, the problem of metal wire deviation possibly caused by non-welding can be avoided, and the bonding strength of the metal wire and the cell is greatly improved. The scheme is simple, easy to implement and beneficial to industrial production.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described in the above with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated in the description are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the directions or positional relationships that the products of the application usually put on when used, are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is further noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present application, all the embodiments, implementations, and features of the present application may be combined with each other without contradiction or conflict. In the present application, conventional equipment, devices, components, etc. are either commercially available or self-made in accordance with the present disclosure. In this application, some conventional operations and devices, apparatuses, components are omitted or only briefly described in order to highlight the importance of the present application.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An encapsulation film for manufacturing a solar cell module, wherein the encapsulation film is a product of a hot-melt material capable of being crosslinked, the encapsulation film includes a main body portion which is not crosslinked, and a pre-crosslinked portion which is not completely crosslinked and is formed in a partial region of the main body portion, and the flowability of the pre-crosslinked portion is smaller than that of the main body portion when the encapsulation film is heated.
2. The packaging film of claim 1, wherein the cross-linkable hot-melt material consists essentially of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate; and/or a substrate is attached to the surface of the packaging film, and the substrate comprises glass or a back plate.
3. The encapsulation film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the pre-crosslinking portions is at least two, and the pre-crosslinking portions are arranged at intervals along the given direction in the body portion;
or, the number of the pre-cross-linking parts is at least three, and the pre-cross-linking parts are arranged at intervals on the body part along a given direction, and the distance between two adjacent pre-cross-linking parts is equal;
or, the degree of crosslinking of the pre-crosslinked portion is 50% or less;
or the pre-crosslinked portion is the non-completely crosslinked portion by means of a crosslinking reaction of the material in the state of the main body portion; optionally, the crosslinking reaction is triggered by means of irradiation or heating;
alternatively, the fluidity of the pre-crosslinked portion being smaller than the fluidity of the main body portion is represented by: the bodies are independently crosslinked and the integral pre-crosslinked portion and body portion are crosslinked, the independently crosslinked body portion having a minimum torque value of 0.1 and the integral pre-crosslinked portion and body portion having a minimum torque value of 0.3 in the vulcanization curves of both crosslinking processes.
4. A method of making an encapsulation film, the method comprising:
making a crosslinkable hot-melt material into a film in a non-crosslinked state;
crosslinking selected regions of the film to form pre-crosslinked portions distributed in the uncrosslinked bulk portion of the film, the pre-crosslinked portions not being fully crosslinked.
5. The method of fabricating the encapsulation film according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises: before or after the cross-linking treatment, an operation of attaching the film to an encapsulating sheet is performed, wherein the encapsulating sheet includes glass and/or a back sheet.
6. A single cell for producing a solar cell module by being mated with the sealing film according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the sealing film obtained by carrying out the method for producing a sealing film according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by comprising:
the battery piece comprises a battery piece body and a grid line, wherein the grid line is provided with connecting sections positioned at two ends and a transition section positioned between the connecting sections at the two ends;
the adhesive body is formed on the connecting sections at the two ends of the grid line;
the metal wire is adhered to the transition section of the grid line of the battery piece body through the adhesive body at the connecting sections at the two ends of the grid line;
the cell body is a heterojunction cell.
7. A solar cell module, comprising:
an encapsulating film according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or obtained by carrying out the method of producing an encapsulating film according to claim 4 or 5;
the cell as claimed in claim 6;
the packaging film is stacked on the single battery cell, and the metal wire in the single battery cell is electrically contacted with the transition section of the grid line in a pressing mode through the area corresponding to the pre-crosslinking part.
8. The solar cell module according to claim 7, wherein the packaging film has two pieces, the two pieces of packaging film clamp the single cell pieces, and at least one piece of packaging film presses the metal wire to electrically contact the transition section of the gate line through the area corresponding to the pre-crosslinking part;
or at least two single battery pieces are arranged, and all the single battery pieces are connected in series and/or in parallel to form the battery pack;
or the single battery pieces are at least two, all the single battery pieces are connected in series and/or in parallel to form a battery pack, the packaging film is provided with two pieces, the battery pack is clamped by the two pieces of packaging films, and at least one piece of packaging film extrudes the metal wire to be in electrical contact with the transition section of the grid line through the area corresponding to the pre-crosslinking part.
9. A method of making a solar module, the method comprising:
providing a battery piece and two packaging plates;
clamping the battery pieces by using the two packaging plates in a laminating mode to form a laminated structure;
wherein at least one of the package boards includes a light-transmitting substrate and a package film formed on a surface thereof, the package film is made of a hot-melt material capable of being cross-linked, the package film has a body portion which is not cross-linked and a pre-cross-linked portion which is not completely cross-linked and is formed in a partial region of the body portion, and when the package film is heated, the fluidity of the pre-cross-linked portion is smaller than that of the body portion;
the metal wire is bonded to the end portion of the grid line on the surface of the battery piece through gluing, and the metal wire is extruded by the pre-crosslinking portion area of the packaging film to be attached to the grid line.
10. The method of fabricating a solar cell module according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises: and carrying out hot lamination on the laminated structure.
Priority Applications (2)
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| CN202110442002.6A CN113035986A (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Single cell, packaging film, solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof |
| PCT/CN2022/079847 WO2022222628A1 (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2022-03-09 | Single cell, packaging film, solar cell module and manufacturing method therefor |
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| CN202110442002.6A CN113035986A (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Single cell, packaging film, solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof |
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| WO (1) | WO2022222628A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113725311A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-11-30 | 湖北美格新能源科技有限公司 | Solar energy assembly |
| CN114864722A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-05 | 杭州福斯特应用材料股份有限公司 | Connecting film, conductive complex and photovoltaic module |
| WO2022222628A1 (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-10-27 | 通威太阳能（合肥）有限公司 | Single cell, packaging film, solar cell module and manufacturing method therefor |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116207172A (en) * | 2023-01-16 | 2023-06-02 | 浙江晶科能源有限公司 | Photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4462973B2 (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2010-05-12 | シャープ株式会社 | SOLAR CELL, ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND SOLAR CELL MODULE |
| CN106206789B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-12-01 | 浙江晶科能源有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic module with selective crosslinking glued membrane and preparation method thereof |
| CN111081802B (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-06-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Manufacturing process of pre-crosslinked photovoltaic module and photovoltaic module |
| CN112289879B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-03-01 | 东方日升（常州）新能源有限公司 | Photovoltaic packaging adhesive film, photovoltaic module and preparation method thereof |
| CN113035986A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-06-25 | 通威太阳能（合肥）有限公司 | Single cell, packaging film, solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-04-23 CN CN202110442002.6A patent/CN113035986A/en active Pending
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022222628A1 (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2022-10-27 | 通威太阳能（合肥）有限公司 | Single cell, packaging film, solar cell module and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN113725311A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-11-30 | 湖北美格新能源科技有限公司 | Solar energy assembly |
| CN114864722A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-05 | 杭州福斯特应用材料股份有限公司 | Connecting film, conductive complex and photovoltaic module |
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