CN113030430B - Method for measuring and calculating concentration of free coal bed gas in reservoir of mining stable area of coal mine - Google Patents
Method for measuring and calculating concentration of free coal bed gas in reservoir of mining stable area of coal mine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring and calculating the concentration of free coal bed gas in a coal mining stable area reservoir, and belongs to the technical field of ground coal bed gas extraction in coal mining areas. S1: estimating the heights of the caving zone and the crack zone of the stope roof rock stratum; s2: calculating the void volume ratio of the fractured zone; s3: calculating the free coal bed gas concentrations of reservoirs with different heights in the mining stable area by using an intubation hole sealing air extraction test method; s4: calculating the concentration of free coal bed gas in a reservoir of the stable area; s5: and correcting the concentration of the free gas in the reservoir according to the field measured data. The method can acquire the concentration value of the free coal bed gas in the mining stable area of the coal mine, provide basic data for estimation of the extractable reserves of the coal bed gas in the mining stable area, provide support for accurate closing of evaluation of the favorable area for development of the coal bed gas in the mine, and improve the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas in the mining stable area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of extraction of ground coal bed gas in a coal mine area, and relates to a method for measuring and calculating the concentration of free coal bed gas in a storage layer of a mining stable area of a coal mine.
Background
Due to the restriction of coal mining methods, processes and equipment, the recovery rate cannot reach 100% when coal seams are mined, and a large amount of float coal remains in a goaf. Meanwhile, coal pillars with certain thickness are arranged at the boundary of the goaf, and methane of float coal and the coal pillars is desorbed, so that high-concentration coal bed gas is accumulated in the goaf. In addition, pressure-relief coal bed gas generated after the coal bed in the mining influence range is influenced by mining also enters the goaf through the mining fracture. If the coal bed gas is left underground, on one hand, serious energy waste is caused, and the production safety of other adjacent underground working faces is threatened, and on the other hand, the coal bed gas can escape from the ground surface through mining cracks to seriously affect the earth climate and ecological environment, so that the coal bed gas extraction needs to be carried out on a goaf or an old closed roadway.
The ground well drilling extraction mining stable area coal bed gas technology is a new coal bed gas development mode developed in the later period of 90 years in the 20 th century, and is mainly characterized in that well drilling is carried out again on the ground of a coal mine goaf, and a negative pressure extraction method is adopted to extract coal bed gas remained in an underground space, a rock stratum and a coal bed from a scrapped (stopped mining) coal mine. The technology can not only fully utilize the pressure relief and permeability increasing effect of the underground coal seam mining on the overlying strata, overcome the defects of low air permeability and high adsorbability peculiar to the coal-bearing strata in China, but also avoid the severe movement period of the overlying strata in time, thereby realizing the maximization of the extraction operation life of the ground drilling, preventing the gas in the goaf from flowing to the adjacent working face, and extracting a large amount of clean energy in time. The numerical simulation and the field rough estimation are two common methods for measuring and calculating free coal bed gas in a reservoir of a mining stable area, a numerical simulation selection object is ideal and cannot accurately reflect the actual situation of the field, most of the field rough estimation depends on the past experience, a wrong area exists in judgment, and if the two methods can be combined, the advantages of the two methods are exerted, and the accuracy of measurement and calculation can be further improved.
Because the reservoir fracture volumes are not uniformly distributed in the stope overburden, the average concentration is unreasonable to be calculated by using the existing simple concentration change trend line integral. Therefore, a method capable of accurately measuring and calculating the concentration of free coal bed gas in the reservoir of the mining stable area of the coal mine is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for measuring and calculating the concentration of free coal bed gas in a coal mining stable area reservoir, which provides basic data for estimation of extractable reserves of the coal bed gas in the mining stable area and provides support for accurate closing of evaluation of a favorable area for development of the coal bed gas in a mine (an old mined-out area), thereby improving extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas in the mining stable area.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for measuring and calculating the concentration of free coal bed gas in a coal mine mining stable area (old goaf) reservoir specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: estimating the heights of a caving zone and a crack zone of a roof rock stratum of the stope;
s2: calculating the void volume ratio of the fractured zone;
s3: calculating the free coal bed gas concentrations of reservoirs with different heights in the mining stable area by using an intubation hole sealing air extraction test method;
s4: calculating the concentration of free coal bed gas in a reservoir of the stable area;
s5: and correcting the concentration of the free gas in the reservoir according to the field measured data.
Further, in the step S1, the heights of the caving zone and the crack zone of the roof rock stratum of the stope are estimated by using an empirical method according to rock stratum lithology distribution of the target area and basic information of rock stratum mechanical parameters.
Further, in step S1, calculating the void volume fraction of the fractured zone, specifically including:
(1) When a single coal seam is adopted, the calculation formula of the height of the coal bed gas reservoir is as follows:
wherein M is the normal thickness of the mining coal bed; h is the normal vertical height of the mined coal seam; t, w and l are rock-soil parameters related to the mining mode, the coal hardness and the coal bed inclination angle respectively;
(2) When the coal seam group is two or more than two layers, the calculation method comprises the following steps:
(1) the vertical distance H between the upper and lower coal layers is greater than the height H of the caving zone generated by extracting the lower coal layer m Respectively calculating the heights of the reservoirs according to the thicknesses of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam, and taking the height with the larger elevation value as the height of the reservoir of the two layers of coal;
(2) when the caving zone of the lower coal layer contacts or completely enters the upper coal layer, the maximum height of the reservoir of the upper coal layer is calculated according to the thickness of the coal layer, the maximum height of the reservoir of the lower coal layer is calculated by adopting the comprehensive mining height of the upper coal layer and the lower coal layer, and the height of the large elevation value is taken as the maximum empirical reservoir height of the two coal layers;
the comprehensive mining thickness of the upper coal layer and the lower coal layer is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein h is 1-2 Represents the normal distance between the upper and lower coal layers; h is t The ratio of the caving zone height to the mining thickness of the lower coal is expressed; m 1 、M 2 Respectively representing the normal thicknesses of the upper coal layer and the lower coal layer;
(3) if the distance between the upper layer coal and the lower layer coal is very small, the sum of the thicknesses of the two layers of coal is taken as the comprehensive mining thickness; and after the comprehensive exploitation thickness is obtained, the height of the reservoir under the exploitation condition of multiple coal seams is calculated according to a calculation formula of the height of the empirical reservoir during exploitation of a single coal seam.
Further, in step S2, the calculation of the ratio of pore volume of the fractured zone by using a numerical analysis method and a python technique specifically includes: performing two-dimensional simulation on the mining stable area by using UDEC numerical software according to corresponding boundary conditions, dividing a simulation result graph into n continuous areas from bottom to top by using the thickness of a main lithologic rock stratum as a basis or an equivalent distance (10-30 m), performing binarization and drying treatment on the graph by using a python technology, and using an area with a zero gray value as a statistical pore and fracture object; respectively calculating the ratio phi of the area of the pores in each block area to the total area of the pores in the whole simulation result diagram i ；
Wherein S is i Is the area of the aperture in the ith block region, m 2 (ii) a S is the total area of the pores in the simulation result chart, m 2 。
Further, in step S3, calculating the free coal bed methane concentrations of reservoirs with different heights in the mining stable area, specifically including: according to the calculated height of the fractured zone, drilling holes with different angles are constructed in the reservoir of the mining stable area in the underground, the fact that test hole end points exist in all areas of a simulation result graph in S2 is guaranteed, the free coal bed methane concentration of the reservoir with different heights in the mining stable area is tested by using an insertion pipe hole sealing and air extraction test method (the length of an insertion pipe is slightly smaller than the length of a test drilling hole by 1-2 m), and in order to guarantee that test data are reliable, the hole sealing depth is not smaller than 8m; if the detection hole is difficult to construct due to the fact that the length of the detection hole is too long, actually measured free gas concentration data (not less than 4 measured point data of different heights) of reservoirs with different heights can be used for fitting, and therefore concentration distribution values of free gas of reservoirs with other heights can be calculated.
Further, in step S4, calculating the concentration of free coalbed methane in the reservoir of the stable area, specifically including: after the coal bed gas concentrations of different reservoir heights are obtained, measuring the concentration of free gas in the coal bed gas reservoir in the mining stable area by using the fracture volume ratio of the fractured zones with different heights and the measured point, and calculating by using the following formula:
wherein q is the free gas concentration of the coal bed gas reservoir in the mining stable area; q. q.s i Measuring the concentration of free gas at a reservoir measurement point in a mining stable area; phi i The area ratio of the fracture zone of the rock stratum where the reservoir measurement point is located is shown.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can obtain the concentration value of the free coal bed gas in the mining stable area of the coal mine, provide basic data for estimation of the extractable reserve of the coal bed gas in the mining stable area, provide support for accurate closing of favorable area evaluation of coal bed gas development in a mine (old goaf), and improve the extraction efficiency of the coal bed gas in the mining stable area.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof.
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For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for measuring and calculating the concentration of free coal bed gas according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a reservoir partition of a numerical computation result graph.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a probe hole end point being zoned in accordance with the numerical map of FIG. 2.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; for a better explanation of the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, according to the method for measuring and calculating the concentration of free coalbed methane in the reservoir of the mining stable area (old goaf) of the coal mine, the average concentration of the free coalbed methane in the reservoir of the mining stable area is measured and calculated by taking the fact that the reservoir space is distributed in the caving zone and the fracture zone of the roof of the stope into consideration and obtaining the concentrations of the reservoir coalbed methane at different heights through field actual measurement. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: and calculating the heights of the caving zone and the crack zone of the roof rock stratum of the stope according to the rock stratum lithology distribution of the target area and the basic information of rock stratum mechanical parameters.
(1) When the coal bed is single, the calculation formula of the height of the coal bed methane reservoir is as follows:
wherein M is the normal thickness of the mining coal bed; h is the normal vertical height of the mined coal seam; t, w and l are rock-soil parameters related to the mining mode, the coal hardness and the coal bed inclination angle.
(2) When the coal seam groups are two or more layers, the calculation formula is as follows:
(1) the vertical distance H between the upper and lower coal layers is greater than the height H of the caving zone generated by extracting the lower coal layer m And respectively calculating the heights of the reservoirs according to the thicknesses of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam, and taking the height with the larger elevation value as the height of the reservoir of the two layers of coal.
(2) When the caving zone of the lower coal layer contacts or completely enters the upper coal layer, the maximum height of the reservoir of the upper coal layer is calculated according to the thickness of the coal layer, the maximum height of the reservoir of the lower coal layer is calculated by adopting the comprehensive mining height of the upper coal layer and the lower coal layer, and the height of the large elevation value is taken as the maximum empirical reservoir height of the two coal layers.
The comprehensive mining thickness of the upper coal layer and the lower coal layer can be calculated according to the formula:
wherein h is 1-2 Represents the normal distance between the upper and lower coal layers; h is a total of t The ratio of the caving zone height to the mining thickness of the lower coal is shown; m 1 、M 2 The normal thicknesses of the upper and lower coal layers are shown.
(3) If the distance between the upper layer coal and the lower layer coal is very small, the sum of the thicknesses of the two layers of coal is taken as the comprehensive mining thickness. And after the comprehensive mining thickness is obtained, calculating the reservoir height under the multi-coal-seam mining condition according to a calculation formula of the empirical reservoir height during single-coal-seam mining.
And 2, step: according to the mining stable area, the coal bed gas storage space is composed of a goaf caving zone and a fracture zone, the volume of the caving zone and the fracture zone determines the content of free gas, and the ratio of the fracture volumes in rock layers with different heights of the caving zone is calculated.
And performing two-dimensional simulation on the mining stable area by using UDEC numerical software according to corresponding boundary conditions, dividing a simulation result graph (shown in figure 2) into a plurality of continuous areas from bottom to top by using the thickness of a main lithologic rock stratum as a basis or an equivalent distance (10-30 m), performing binarization and drying processing on the graph by adopting a python technology, and using an area with a zero gray value as a statistical pore and fracture object. Respectively calculating the ratio of the area of the pores in each block of area to the total area of the pores in the whole simulation result diagram:
wherein S is i Is the area of the aperture in the ith block region, m 2 (ii) a S is the total area of the pores in the simulation result chart, m 2 。
And step 3: calculating the free coal bed gas concentrations of reservoirs with different heights in the mining stable area by using an intubation hole sealing air extraction test method;
as shown in fig. 3, according to the height of the measured fractured zone, drilling holes with different angles are constructed in the reservoir of the mining stable area in the underground, it is ensured that each area of the simulation result chart in the step 2 has a test hole endpoint, the free coal bed methane concentration of the reservoir with different heights in the mining stable area is tested by using an insertion pipe hole sealing and air extraction test method (the length of an insertion pipe is slightly less than the length of a test drilling hole by 1 m-2 m), and in order to ensure that the test data is reliable, the hole sealing depth is not less than 8m. If the detection hole is difficult to construct due to the fact that the length of the detection hole is too long, actually measured free gas concentration data (not less than 4 measured point data of different heights) of reservoirs with different heights can be used for fitting, and therefore concentration distribution values of free gas of reservoirs with other heights can be calculated.
And 4, step 4: and calculating the concentration of free coal bed gas in the reservoir in the stable area.
After the coal bed gas concentrations of different reservoir heights are obtained, measuring the concentration of free gas in the coal bed gas reservoir in the mining stable area by using the fracture volume ratio of the fractured zones with different heights and the measured point, and calculating by using the following formula:
wherein q is the free gas concentration of the coal bed gas reservoir in the mining stable area; q. q of i Measuring the concentration of free gas for a reservoir stratum measuring point in a mining stable area; phi i The area of the fracture zone of the rock stratum where the reservoir measure points are located is the ratio.
And 5: and correcting the concentration of the free gas in the reservoir according to the later-stage field measured data.
Specifically, the average value of the gas production concentration within 5-6 months after the ground well operates stably or the average value before the gas production concentration fluctuates dramatically is taken.
Finally, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method for measuring and calculating the concentration of free coal bed gas in a coal mining stable area reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: estimating the heights of a caving zone and a crack zone of a roof rock stratum of the stope;
s2: the method for calculating the pore volume ratio of the fractured zone by using a numerical analysis method and a python technology comprises the following steps: performing two-dimensional simulation on the mining stable area by using UDEC numerical software according to corresponding boundary conditions, dividing a simulation result graph into n continuous areas from bottom to top by using the thickness of a lithologic rock stratum as a basis or equivalent distance, performing binarization and drying treatment on the graph by using a python technology, and using an area with a zero gray value as a statistical pore and fracture object; respectively calculating the ratio phi of the area of the pores in each block area to the total area of the pores in the whole simulation result diagram i ；
Wherein S is i The area of the pores in the ith block area; s is the total area of the pores in the simulation result graph;
s3: calculating the free coal bed gas concentrations of reservoirs with different heights in the mining stable area by using an intubation hole sealing air extraction test method;
s4: calculating the concentration of free coal bed gas in a reservoir of the mining stable area, and specifically comprising the following steps: after the free coal bed gas concentrations of different reservoir heights are obtained, the free coal bed gas concentrations in the reservoir in the mining stable area are measured and calculated by utilizing the pore volume ratio of the fractured zone with different heights and the measured concentration of a measuring point according to the following formula:
wherein q is the concentration of free coal bed gas in a reservoir of the mining stable area; q. q of i Measuring the concentration of free gas at a reservoir measurement point in a mining stable area; phi (phi) of i The pore volume of the fractured zone of the rock stratum where the reservoir measure point is located is the ratio;
s5: and correcting the concentration of the free coal bed gas in the reservoir of the mining stable area according to the actually measured data on the spot.
2. The method for measuring and calculating the concentration of the free coal bed methane according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the heights of the caving zone and the fissure zone of the stope roof rock stratum are estimated by an empirical method according to rock stratum lithology distribution and rock stratum mechanical parameter basic information of a target area.
3. The method for measuring and calculating the concentration of the free coal bed methane according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step S1, the height of the caving zone and the fracture zone of the stope roof rock stratum is estimated, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) When a single coal seam is adopted, the calculation formula of the height of the coal bed gas reservoir is as follows:
wherein M is the normal thickness of the mined coal bed; h is the normal vertical height of the mined coal seam; t, w and l are rock-soil parameters related to the mining mode, the coal hardness and the coal bed inclination angle respectively;
(2) When the coal seam group is two or more than two layers, the calculation method comprises the following steps:
(1) the vertical distance H between the upper and lower coal layers is greater than the height H of caving zone generated during the extraction of lower coal layer m Respectively calculating the heights of the reservoirs according to the thicknesses of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam, and taking the height with the larger elevation value as the height of the reservoir of the two layers of coal;
(2) when the caving zone of the lower coal layer contacts or completely enters the upper coal layer, the maximum height of the reservoir of the upper coal layer is calculated according to the thickness of the coal layer, the maximum height of the reservoir of the lower coal layer is calculated by adopting the comprehensive mining height of the upper coal layer and the lower coal layer, and the height of the large elevation value is taken as the maximum empirical reservoir height of the two coal layers;
the comprehensive mining thickness of the upper coal layer and the lower coal layer is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein h is 1-2 Represents the normal distance between the upper and lower coal layers; h is a total of t The ratio of the caving zone height to the mining thickness of the lower coal is expressed; m 1 、M 2 Respectively representing the normal thicknesses of the upper layer coal and the lower layer coal;
(3) if the distance between the upper layer coal and the lower layer coal is very small, the sum of the thicknesses of the two layers of coal is taken as the comprehensive mining thickness; and after the comprehensive mining thickness is obtained, calculating the reservoir height under the multi-coal-seam mining condition according to a calculation formula of the empirical reservoir height during single-coal-seam mining.
4. The method for measuring and calculating the free coal bed methane concentration according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the step of calculating the free coal bed methane concentrations of reservoirs with different heights in the mining stable area specifically comprises the following steps: according to the calculated height of the fractured zone, drilling holes with different angles are constructed in the reservoir of the mining stable area underground, the fact that test hole end points exist in all areas of a simulation result diagram in S2 is guaranteed, and the concentration of free coal bed methane of the reservoir of the mining stable area with different heights is tested by using an insertion pipe hole sealing and air extraction test method; if the detection hole is difficult to construct due to the fact that the length of the detection hole is too long, actually measured free gas concentration data of reservoirs with different heights are used for fitting, and therefore concentration distribution values of free gas of reservoirs with other heights are calculated.
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