CN113026688A

CN113026688A - System for expanding piles to form wall by using foundation rocks at bottom of concrete guide wall foundation

Info

Publication number: CN113026688A
Application number: CN202110182639.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘付; 李文书; 罗斌; 毛建新; 赵飞; 佘夏; 刘亮; 张石生; 侯林昌; 吴绍华; 林勇
Original assignee: Sinohydro Foundation Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sinohydro Foundation Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-08
Filing date: 2021-02-08
Publication date: 2021-06-25
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-08
Also published as: CN113026688B

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for expanding piles to form a wall by hard rock at the bottom of a concrete guide wall foundation, which is used for dividing the guide wall foundation which is a preset distance away from one side of the concrete guide wall into a plurality of wall sections along the direction parallel to the axial direction of the concrete guide wall, and then carrying out bottom bedrock pile expanding and wall forming construction by taking two pile holes as a group on each wall section, and comprises the following steps: the rotary drilling rig is used for excavating a first pile hole and a second pile hole in the wall section; a drilling tool for drilling corresponding sides of a preset area of a partition wall between two pile holes, which can communicate the two pile holes to form a communication hole; the pouring device is used for carrying out concrete pouring treatment on the communication hole, so that the communication hole becomes an anti-seepage pile wall which is provided with two anti-impact piles, and the lower parts of the two anti-impact piles are connected into a whole; and connecting the plurality of the impervious pile walls of the plurality of the wall sections to form the impervious wall for reinforcing the concrete guide wall foundation. The system of the invention can form the impervious wall on one side of the bottom of the concrete guide wall, and thoroughly solve the problem of elutriation of the concrete guide wall foundation.

Description

System for expanding piles to form wall by using foundation rocks at bottom of concrete guide wall foundation

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, in particular to a system for expanding piles to form walls by using bedrock at the bottom of a concrete guide wall foundation.

Background

China has wide territory, a large number of population, short water resource, large space-time distribution difference and frequent flood and drought disasters. For a long time, people in China are benefited and damaged by water, and struggle with flood and drought for a long time. Since the establishment of the country, water conservancy construction has achieved remarkable achievements. Various types of running power stations are more, and the power stations are influenced by hydraulic scouring in the long-term running process, so that the concrete guide wall foundation is scoured, and the bottom local area is hollowed.

The bottom of the guide wall of the hydropower station is hollowed out, so that a dead zone exists at the bottom, hydraulic connection exists between the inner side and the outer side of the guide wall, and the service period and the service safety of the hydropower station are greatly influenced. Therefore, for a power station which is greatly influenced by hydraulic scouring in the long-term operation process, how to practically and effectively solve the scouring problem of the concrete guide wall foundation is a problem which needs to be solved by technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a system for expanding piles and forming walls by using bedrock at the bottom of a concrete guide wall foundation, which can form a diaphragm wall at the bottom of the original concrete guide wall and thoroughly solve the problem of elutriation of the original concrete guide wall foundation.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a system for expanding piles and forming walls of a bottom bedrock of a concrete guide wall foundation, for performing a bottom bedrock pile-expanding wall-forming construction with two pile holes as a set for each wall section after dividing the guide wall foundation, which is a predetermined distance away from one side of the concrete guide wall, into a plurality of wall sections in a direction parallel to an axial direction of the concrete guide wall, the system comprising: the rotary drilling rig is used for excavating a first pile hole and a second pile hole which are parallel to each other and separated by a partition wall at a preset depth from the digging depth to the bedrock in the wall section; the drilling tool is used for being respectively arranged in the first pile hole and the second pile hole and respectively drilling the corresponding side of a preset area of the partition wall between the two pile holes through the guiding action, and the two pile holes can be communicated at the position which is parallel and level to the preset area of the partition wall to form a communication hole; the pouring device is used for carrying out concrete pouring treatment on the communication hole, and after concrete is poured into the communication hole, the communication hole becomes an anti-seepage pile wall which is provided with two anti-impact piles, and the lower parts of the two anti-impact piles are connected into a whole; the wall section is provided with a plurality of anti-seepage pile walls which are connected into a whole, and the anti-seepage pile walls of the wall sections are connected together to form the anti-seepage wall for reinforcing the concrete guide wall foundation.

The drilling tool comprises a percussion bit, and inclined drilling processing is carried out on a partition wall preset area between two pile holes through the percussion bit so as to chisel out bedrock on one side, close to the pile hole provided with the percussion bit, of the partition wall preset area.

Wherein the percussion drill bit comprises: a drill bit body; the wear-resistant head is annularly arranged on the periphery of the bottom of the drill bit body and protrudes outwards along the radial direction of the drill bit body; and the reinforcing ribs are used for connecting the wear-resistant head and the drill bit body together and increasing the connection strength.

Preferably, the wear-resistant head is a wear-resistant head with a circular cross section of the outer surface.

Wherein, the wear-resisting head is a solid wear-resisting head.

Or the wear-resistant head is a hollow wear-resistant head.

Preferably, the wear head is made of a wear resistant material.

The drill bit body comprises a pair of hoisting lugs positioned on the upper portion, and hoisting holes for hoisting steel wire ropes to pass through are formed in the hoisting lugs.

Furthermore, the drill body further comprises a main body part connected with the lower ends of the pair of hoisting lugs, and an auxiliary hoisting groove used for fixing an auxiliary steel wire rope is arranged on the main body part.

Wherein, the bottom end face of drill bit body is the plane.

Or, be equipped with on the bottom face of drill bit body and be used for reducing area of contact and along a plurality of arc archs of drill bit body axial downwardly projecting and a plurality of return cinder holes that are used for returning the sediment.

The reinforcing ribs are annular reinforcing ribs arranged on the periphery of the drill bit body in an annular mode or a plurality of pairs of reinforcing blocks symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the drill bit body.

The guiding function is the function of arranging the positioning guider with the inclined sliding groove in the corresponding pile hole.

When the positioning guider is arranged in the corresponding pile hole, the inclined sliding groove faces the partition wall, and the back side opposite to the inclined sliding groove is tightly attached to the inner wall, far away from the partition wall, of the pile hole.

Preferably, the positioning guide includes: the front side of the drill bit is provided with a guide structure of a chute for guiding the percussion drill bit to be obliquely arranged downwards and drilled; and the supporting structure is arranged at the back side of the guide structure and used for supporting the guide structure, and the back side of the supporting structure is tightly attached to the inner wall of the pile hole.

Wherein, guide structure includes: a guide plate; an upper web fixedly connected with the lower edge of the guide plate; a lower web fixedly connected to the lower edge of the upper web; wherein, deflector, upper web, lower web extend and connect as an organic wholely along the direction that has certain contained angle with vertical direction, and each board all is the arc.

Wherein the radius of curvature of each plate is the same.

Wherein, deflector, upper web, lower web widen gradually from top to bottom.

Wherein the radius of curvature of each plate is greater than or equal to the maximum outer diameter of the percussion drill bit.

Furthermore, the guide structure further comprises a pair of flange plates arranged on two sides of the upper web and the lower web which are connected into a whole, and the pair of flange plates extend out of the front sides of the upper web and the lower web to form a sliding groove with the upper web and the lower web.

Wherein the support structure comprises: the main supporting structure is fixedly arranged on the back sides of the guide plate, the upper web plate and the lower web plate which are connected into a whole; and the auxiliary support structures are fixedly arranged on the back sides of the guide plate, the upper web plate and the lower web plate which are connected into a whole and are positioned on two sides of the main support structure.

Preferably, the main support structure comprises: and the length of the pair of supporting plates is the same as that of the guide structure.

Further, the main supporting structure further comprises: a stiffening assembly fixedly mounted to a back side of the guide structure.

The reinforcing assembly comprises at least one steel ridge beam which is fixedly arranged between a pair of supporting plates and is used for connecting the pair of supporting plates into a whole and reinforcing the supporting plates.

When the reinforcing component comprises a plurality of steel ridge beams, the plurality of steel ridge beams are sequentially arranged from top to bottom along the length extending direction of the supporting plate.

Preferably, the secondary support structure comprises: the side plate is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the back of the guide structure; and the two ends of the wing plate are fixedly connected with the side plate and the supporting plate.

Further, the method also comprises the following steps: the hole cleaning device is used for cleaning the communication hole; and the lower setting device is used for setting the connecting through hole subjected to hole cleaning under the steel reinforcement cage and the joint pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the system for expanding the pile into the wall by the bedrock at the bottom of the concrete guide wall foundation has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the system for expanding the foundation pile into the wall by the foundation rock at the bottom of the concrete guide wall foundation, the impervious wall is formed at the bottom of the foundation at one side of the concrete guide wall, which is equivalent to that two walls are adopted to deal with hydraulic scouring, so that the problem of elutriation of the concrete guide wall foundation is thoroughly solved.

2. The invention relates to a system for foundation rock pile expansion and wall forming at the bottom of a concrete guide wall foundation.A diaphragm pile wall obtained by performing foundation rock pile expansion and wall forming construction on the bottom of the concrete guide wall foundation is provided with two anti-impact piles which are connected with the lower parts corresponding to wall sections into a whole, and a plurality of diaphragm pile walls are connected into a diaphragm wall.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1a is a schematic view of a concrete guide wall foundation reinforced by the system of the present invention;

FIG. 1b is a schematic structural diagram of a pile-expanding and wall-forming system for a foundation bed rock at the bottom of a concrete guide wall foundation according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the invention for drilling No. 1 pile to the bottom of the pile by using a rotary drilling rig;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the invention for drilling No. 2 pile to the bottom of the pile by using a rotary drilling rig;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a percussion drill drilling a No. 1 pile hole of a first stage slot of a directional enlarged wall;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a hammer drill drilling a No. 1 directional reamed wall pile to the bottom of the wall;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a percussion drill drilling a first stage slot No. 2 pile hole of a directional enlarged wall;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a percussion drill drilling through the No. 2 pile hole of the directional enlarged wall to the bottom of the wall;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the lower joint pipe, the guide pipe and the reinforcement cage pouring concrete;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of pulling up the nipple to form the nipple hole;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a rotary drilling rig drilling a second-stage slot pile to the bottom of the pile;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a percussion drill drilling a No. 3 hole pile hole of a directional wall expansion second stage groove;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a hammer drill drilling a No. 3 hole pile hole of a directional enlarged wall to the bottom of the wall;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a percussion drill drilling a No. 2 pile hole of a directional wall enlargement second stage groove;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a hammer drill drilling directional enlarged wall No. 2 pile hole to the bottom of the wall;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a lower joint pipe, a guide pipe and a reinforcement cage pouring secondary trough section concrete;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of two stake holes forming a snap-in communication hole in the same wall section;

FIG. 17 is a front view of a first configuration of the percussive drill bit of the present invention for bottom hard rock reaming of a high wall foundation to form a wall;

FIG. 18 is a top view of the percussion drill bit of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a bottom view of the percussion drill bit of FIG. 17;

FIG. 20 is a bottom plan view of a second configuration of the percussive drill bit of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a front view of a third configuration of the percussive drill bit of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a top view of the percussion drill bit of FIG. 21;

FIG. 23 is a front view of a first configuration of the positioning guide for pile-expanding and wall-forming of the concrete guide wall foundation of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the positioning guide of FIG. 23;

FIG. 25 is a rear view of the positioning guide of FIG. 23;

FIG. 26 is a perspective view of a second construction of the positioning guide of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a perspective view of a third configuration of the positioning guide of the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a perspective view of a fourth configuration of the positioning guide of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to solve the problem of elutriation prevention of the bottom foundation of the original concrete guide wall of a hydropower station and thoroughly solve the hydraulic connection of the inner side and the outer side of the guide wall (namely, water can flow from one side of the bottom of the guide wall to the other side to cause the bottom of the guide wall to be hollow), the inventor develops a system for expanding piles and forming walls by using the bedrock at the bottom of the concrete guide wall foundation, and the system is used for dividing the guide wall foundation which is away from one side of the concrete guide wall by a preset distance along the direction parallel to the axial direction of the concrete guide wall into a plurality of wall sections and then carrying out bottom bedrock pile expanding and forming wall construction on each wall section by using two pile holes as a group so as to form a diaphragm wall (as shown in figure 1 a) for reinforcing the concrete guide wall foundation.

The system for expanding piles to form the wall by the bedrock at the bottom of the concrete guide wall foundation can adopt a structure shown in figure 1b and comprises the following components: a rotary drilling rig 301 (shown in fig. 2 and 3) for drilling a first pile hole 400 and a second pile hole 500 which are parallel to each other and separated by a partition wall and reach a preset depth of a bedrock in the wall section; the drilling and chiseling tool is used for being respectively arranged in the first pile hole and the second pile hole and respectively drilling and processing the corresponding side of a preset area of the partition wall between the two pile holes through the guiding action, and can enable the two pile holes to be communicated at the position flush with the preset area of the partition wall so as to form a communicating hole; a pouring device (see fig. 8) for performing a concrete pouring process on the communication hole, wherein after the concrete is poured on the communication hole, the communication hole is formed into an impermeable pile wall with two anti-impact piles, and the lower parts of the two anti-impact piles are connected into a whole; the wall section is provided with a plurality of anti-seepage pile walls which are connected into a whole, and the anti-seepage pile walls of the wall sections are connected together to form the anti-seepage wall for reinforcing the concrete guide wall foundation. In addition, a hole cleaning device 600 (shown in fig. 7) for performing hole cleaning processing on the communication hole is also included; and the downward arranging device is used for performing downward arrangement on the reinforcement cage and the joint pipe on the communicating hole after the hole cleaning treatment, and comprises a reinforcement cage downward arranging device (not shown in the figure) and a joint pipe downward arranging device (see figure 8). Further, the system of the present invention includes means for detecting a through hole in the communication hole, in addition to the above-described components.

Specifically, the rotary drilling rig can adopt the rotary drilling rig in the prior art, and the diameter of a drill bit of the rotary drilling rig can be 1.0 m. The hole cleaning device 600 is an air machine assembly in the prior art, and is used for cleaning holes by an air machine gas lift method. The device for arranging the lower part of the steel reinforcement cage and the device for arranging the lower part of the joint pipe can adopt the devices in the prior art, and the joint pipe drawbench 700 also adopts the devices in the prior art. The device for detecting the through hole of the communication hole may be a device of the prior art. These devices are placed on the concrete guide wall foundation near the hole to be dug.

And the drilling tool comprises a percussion bit, and inclined drilling processing is carried out on a preset area of the partition wall between the two pile holes through the percussion bit so as to chisel out the bedrock on one side of the preset area of the partition wall close to the pile hole provided with the percussion bit.

Among them, the percussion drill bit of the present invention is a tailored drill bit, which includes: a drill body 1; the wear-resistant head 2 is annularly arranged on the periphery of the bottom of the drill bit body 1 and protrudes outwards along the radial direction of the drill bit body 1; and reinforcing ribs 4 for increasing the connection strength are used for connecting the wear-resistant head 2 and the drill bit body 1.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 17-19, there are front, top and bottom views, respectively, of the percussion drill bit of the present invention. As can be seen from fig. 17 to 19, the percussion drill of the present invention includes a drill body 1, a wear-resistant head 2, and reinforcing ribs 4.

The drill bit body 1 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a pair of flaky hoisting lugs 3, and each hoisting lug 3 is provided with a hoisting hole for a steel wire rope for hoisting the percussion drill bit to pass through. The lower part of the drill bit body 1 is a main body part 5 connected with the lower ends of a pair of hoisting lugs 3, the drill bit body is in a round table shape, the upper part is narrow, the lower part is wide, and the main body part 5 can be provided with an auxiliary hoisting groove for fixing an auxiliary steel wire rope. The bit body 1 may be a conventional percussion bit of the prior art.

The lower periphery of the main body part 5 is welded with a wear-resistant head 2, and the wear-resistant head 2 is arranged at the lower part of the main body part 5 in a circle and protrudes outwards along the radial direction of the main body part 5.

The wear-resistant head 2 is made of a wear-resistant material which is more wear-resistant than the drill body 1, and the wear-resistant material can be a wear-resistant material in the prior art. The cross section of the outer surface of the wear-resistant head 2 is circular, and the cross section of the inner surface of the wear-resistant head 2 is also circular, namely, the wear-resistant head 2 is in a cylindrical shape. The inner surface of the wear head 2 is welded to the lower outer edge of the body portion 5.

In order to increase the connecting strength of the wear-resistant head 2 and the drill bit body 1, the wear-resistant head and the drill bit body are connected together by reinforcing ribs 4. As shown in fig. 17 and 18, the reinforcing rib 4 of the present invention includes two pairs of reinforcing blocks symmetrically provided on the outer periphery of the drill body 1. The reinforcing block is trapezoidal reinforcing block, and the lower surface of every reinforcing block is the plane for with wear-resisting head 2 upper surface and outer fringe welding together, one side surface of reinforcing block is the arc surface, shape and size and the lower part surface looks adaptation of drill bit body 1 main part, so that with main part lower part welding together.

The wear-resistant head can be a solid wear-resistant head or a hollow wear-resistant head, and preferably, a solid grinding head is adopted to prolong the impact life of the impact drill bit in the process of impact pile expansion. As shown in fig. 19, the bottom end surface of the drill body 1 of the present invention is a plane.

The invention can utilize the ordinary percussion bit as the drill bit body, and then weld the anti-impact wear-resistant material as the wear-resistant head within the range of 10cm at the bottom of the drill bit body, thereby increasing the wear-resistant performance of the percussion bit of the invention, not needing to repair frequently, improving the working efficiency; and the reinforcing ribs can increase the connection strength of the wear-resistant head and the drill bit body, so that the service life of the percussion drill bit is effectively prolonged.

During manufacturing, the percussion drill matches the requirements of pile hole diameter, partition wall length and the like, and is adaptive to the requirements of thickness, size and angle of a positioning guide for guiding the direction of the percussion drill.

In addition to the above structure, the bottom end face of the percussion drill bit of the present invention may also have a structure as shown in fig. 20, that is, a plurality of arc-shaped protrusions 7 (5 are shown in the figure) for reducing the contact area between the drill bit body 1 and the bedrock between the piles are provided on the bottom end face of the drill bit body 1, the arc-shaped protrusions 7 protrude downward in the axial direction of the drill bit body 1, but the protruding height does not exceed the resistant grinding head 2, and a plurality of slag return holes 6 (4 are shown in the figure) for returning slag during drilling of the drill bit are provided on the bottom end face of the drill bit body.

Further, the percussion drill bit of the present invention may further employ a reinforcing rib 4 as shown in fig. 21 and 22, that is, the reinforcing rib is an annular reinforcing rib annularly disposed on the outer periphery of the drill bit body 1, the lower surface of the annular reinforcing rib is a flat surface for welding with the upper surface and the outer edge of the wear-resistant head 2, and the inner side surface of the reinforcing rib is an arc surface having a shape and size adapted to the outer surface of the lower portion of the main body portion of the drill bit body 1 for welding with the lower portion of the main body portion.

The invention relates to a percussion drill bit which is a construction member arranged in a pile-expanding and wall-forming construction system and used for directionally expanding and excavating wear-resisting, after drilling a pile hole by rotary excavation and drilling, a positioning guide is placed in the pile hole along a steel wire rope, the bottom of the positioning guide is placed at a specific depth, the positioning guide is stably attached to the wall in the pile hole and then fixed, the percussion drill bit is arranged below, the positioning guide is used for positioning the drilling depth of the percussion drill bit, providing a firm protective wall, guiding the impacting direction and limiting the cutting distance, so that the percussion drill bit impacts, cuts and shakes down rock mass towards a side partition wall along the inclined plane of the positioning guide in a directional way, the pile hole is laterally expanded and excavated in groups, and the drilling of a foundation rock between a concrete guide wall foundation surface (also called as the bottom of a guide wall, namely the design bottom line a position of the concrete guide wall) and the pile bottom (namely the position of an anti-impact pile bottom line c) in a range of 5m above the elevation (namely the position of an anti-seepage bottom wall line b position, namely, the positioning guider is drilled and hammered to a position 5m above the bottom of the hole from the bottom of the concrete guide wall, and the two pile holes of each group are communicated at a specific depth, so that the pile wall with the anti-seepage function is formed after the reinforced concrete is poured.

When the percussion drill bit is used for construction operation, whether the percussion drill bit strikes a partition wall in place or not can be judged according to abundant experience, hand feeling and touch of an operator of the percussion drill. If the impact drill bit is not aligned according to the deviation direction of the steel wire rope, the positioning guider and the impact drill bit are timely adjusted to ensure that the positioning guider and the impact drill bit synchronously follow up and descend and impact the partition wall on the oriented side surface. Each group of pile holes comprises two hole positions, and the two hole positions are impacted towards the direction of the other hole in a single hole respectively to form two circularly sleeved occlusion walls.

The percussion drill bit has a certain dead weight and stroke inertia, and after one side of the wall section is impacted by the percussion drill bit, the rock stratum with the thickness of less than 10cm between the piles is impacted or shaken off into the hole due to the broken or loose base rock, so that residues in the hole are timely cleaned, particularly large-diameter drilling residues, so that the positioning guide device is prevented from being buried into the hole. In the impact process of the impact drill bit, water is required to be mixed to cool the drill bit and the positioning guider; and often pull out the percussion bit and the positioning guider from the hole to check the abrasion condition and repair in time.

When drilling in a weak stratum, "light trip, namely when a small-stroke, high-frequency and frequent steel wire rope drilling method is adopted, the fixation of the positioning guider is checked frequently, and the depth and the angle are adjusted timely. When a hard stratum is met, the semi-shaft and the wear-resistant block are used for weighting and reinforcing the drill bit, and when a high-stroke and low-frequency click repetition method is adopted, the wear degree of the positioning guider is checked frequently, and repair welding and repair are carried out timely.

The percussion bit belongs to a core element in a complete construction process of 'piling up and wall lowering', effectively solves the problem of frequent maintenance caused by abrasion of the percussion bit, is a general component condensed by long-term practical experience, is beneficial to combining the pile-wall process, forms a matched process with strong operability and simple construction, can be widely applied to the requirements of pile expanding, wall forming, sleeving and seepage prevention of various stratums, can efficiently and excellently complete construction tasks, generates good economic benefits, and can greatly reduce the potential safety hazard in the construction process.

The percussion drill drills the opposite side of a predetermined area of the partition wall between two pile holes under the action of a guide, which is the action of positioning a positioning guide with inclined slide grooves in the corresponding pile hole in which the percussion drill is to be positioned. When the positioning guider is arranged in the corresponding pile hole, the inclined sliding groove faces the partition wall, and the back side opposite to the inclined sliding groove is tightly attached to the inner wall, far away from the partition wall, of the pile hole.

Specifically, the pilot assembly 200 of the present invention is used in conjunction with a percussion drill bit 100 (shown in fig. 4) for directional reaming of a pile hole, and includes: the front side of which is provided with a guide structure 210 for guiding a chute for inclined downward setting and drilling of the percussion bit; a support structure disposed on the back side of the guide structure 210 for supporting the guide structure 210, the back side of which abuts against the pile hole inner wall.

It should be noted that the front side of the pilot is the side of the pilot that faces the percussion bit after the pilot is installed in the pile hole, and the back side is the side facing away from the percussion bit.

Specifically, the guide structure of the present invention may adopt a structure as shown in fig. 23 to 28, including: a guide plate 214 (the depth direction of the pile hole is a vertical direction, and the length of the guide plate refers to the size along the depth direction of the pile hole) is arranged on the upper part of the guide structure, an included angle (preferably, the included angle is between 5 degrees and 10 degrees) larger than 0 degree is formed between the guide plate and the vertical direction of the pile hole, the left side and the right side of the guide plate are in arc shapes and extend outwards by taking the central axis of the length direction of the guide plate as a reference, and the upper edge of the guide plate 214 is provided with a clamping groove opening 215 for connecting a main rope (not shown in the figure) of a steel wire rope and is connected with a winch through the steel wire rope; the upper web plate 213 fixedly connected with the lower edge of the guide plate 214 is positioned in the middle of the guide structure, and the left side and the right side of the upper web plate 213 are arc-shaped and extend outwards on the basis of the central axis of the upper web plate 213; the lower web 212, which is fixedly connected to the lower edge of the upper web 213, is located at the lower portion of the guide structure, and also extends outward in an arc shape on both left and right sides with respect to the central axis of the lower web 212. The guide plate 214, the upper web 213 and the lower web 212 extend smoothly from top to bottom and are welded together to form an arc-shaped guide structure.

In order to guide the percussion drill with a conical outer surface, the arc-shaped guide plate 214, the upper web 213 and the lower web 212 have the same radius of curvature, the radius of curvature is greater than or equal to the maximum outer diameter of the percussion drill, and an included angle greater than 0 degree is formed between the connecting line of the centers of the arcs of the guide plate 214, the upper web 213 and the lower web 212 and the vertical direction (see fig. 24). The widths of the guide plate 214, the upper web 213 and the lower web 212 are gradually widened from top to bottom (the width refers to the size extending along the horizontal direction, namely, the arc length of each plate is gradually increased from top to bottom), so that the front side surface of the formed guide structure becomes an arc chute (see fig. 26 and 27) which can be matched with the percussion bit, namely, the inner wall of the guide structure, which is used for being in contact with the percussion bit, is an arc wall which is inclined from top to bottom and has a certain included angle with the vertical direction, the texture is hard, the plane is smooth, the arc surface is widened from top to bottom, the percussion bit can be better wrapped, and the direction of the percussion energy when the percussion bit wall is lowered is smoothly guided.

In manufacturing, the upper web 213 may be made of one steel plate bent into an arc shape, or two steel plates bent into an arc shape may be joined up and down (as shown in fig. 23-25 and 28). Also, the guide structure may be formed by bending the three portions into an arc shape as described above, or by bending a steel plate into an arc shape (see fig. 26 and 27).

Besides the above components, the guide structure of the present invention may further include a pair of flange plates 211 (as shown in fig. 23) fixedly mounted on two sides of the upper web 213 and the lower web 212, respectively, and the front ends of the pair of flange plates 211 extend out of the front sides of the upper web 213 and the lower web 212, and form a chute with baffles on two sides (i.e., the chute is U-shaped) with the curved upper web 213 and the curved lower web 212, so that the guide structure with the chute can better wrap the percussion bit and smoothly guide the direction of impact energy when the percussion bit wall is lowered, and can also limit the direction of impact of the percussion bit (the impact direction is along the radial direction of the curved inner wall of the guide mechanism) by the pair of flange plates, thereby protecting the wall of the pile hole in other directions and avoiding unnecessary hole expansion.

And the support structure of the present invention for supporting the guide structure 210 at the back side of the guide structure integrally connected by the guide plate, the upper web, and the lower web includes: a main support structure 220 fixedly installed at a rear side of the guide structure; a pair of secondary support structures 230 fixedly mounted to the back side of the guide structure on either side of the main support structure 220, the pair of secondary support structures 230 extending outwardly in an arc on either side of the main support structure 220 (as shown in fig. 23-27).

As shown in fig. 23 to 25, the main supporting structure 220 of the present invention includes: and a pair of support plates 221 which are parallel to each other and the front ends of which are fixedly connected with the back side of the guide structure 210, wherein the length of the pair of support plates 221 is the same as that of the guide structure, the rear end surfaces of the support plates 221 extend along the vertical direction, and the front end surfaces of the support plates are welded with the back side of the plate at the corresponding position of the guide structure. Because guide structure and vertical direction have certain contained angle, during the manufacturing, the backup pad degree of depth increases from top to bottom gradually, and the backup pad degree of depth refers to the distance between vertical direction and the guide structure arcwall face axis.

Further, the main supporting structure 220 further includes a reinforcing member fixedly installed at the back side of the guide structure, as shown in fig. 24, the reinforcing member including: at least one steel ridge beam 224 fixedly installed between the pair of support plates 221 and used for integrally connecting and reinforcing the pair of support plates 221 and the upper web 213 is plate-shaped, and the left and right ends of the steel ridge beam 224 are respectively welded with the inner side walls of the pair of support plates 221, and the front end is welded with the back side of the upper web 213. When the reinforcement assembly comprises a plurality of steel ridges 224, the plurality of steel ridges 224 are parallel to each other and spaced from top to bottom along the length extension of the guide structure (i.e. the vertical direction), and the depth of the steel ridges 224 changes accordingly.

As shown in fig. 24 and 25, the reinforcing component further includes: a top wing plate 225 installed on the upper side of the back of the guide structure and extending in the horizontal direction, located near the junction of the guide plate 214 and the upper web plate 213, having both ends welded to the opposite inner walls of the pair of support plates 221, respectively, and a front end welded to the back side of the guide plate 214 and/or the upper web plate 213; a transverse reinforcing plate 229 which is installed on the back side of the upper web 213 and is located between the top wing plate 225 and the steel ridge beam 224, is parallel to the top wing plate 225 and the steel ridge beam 224, respectively, and has both ends welded to the opposite inner walls of the pair of support plates 221, respectively, and a front end welded to the back side of the upper web 213; a reinforcing shaft 228 installed at the central axis position of the back of the guide structure and extending in the vertical direction, the upper end of the reinforcing shaft is located at the top wing plate 225, the lower end of the reinforcing shaft is located at the transverse reinforcing plate 229, the reinforcing shaft and the transverse reinforcing plate are welded together with the back side of the upper web plate 213, and the supporting effect on the upper part of the upper web plate 213 is improved through the reinforcing shaft 228, the top wing plate 225 and the transverse reinforcing plate 229; the vertical reinforcing plate 227 installed at the lower side of the back of the guide structure has left and right ends welded to the opposite inner walls of the pair of supporting plates 221, respectively, and a front end welded to the back side of the lower web 212 to extend in the vertical direction for increasing the strength of the lower side of the guide structure.

Further, the reinforcement component is still including installing the dead axle reinforcement component in the dorsal part of guide structure middle part, and it includes: a fixed-axis reinforcing plate 222 installed at a middle-lower portion of the upper web 213 between the pair of support plates 221, which is a rectangular parallelepiped plate having left and right ends welded to opposite inner walls of the pair of support plates 221, respectively; a fixed shaft 223 installed on the fixed shaft reinforcing plate 222 and extending in a vertical direction, the center having a through hole; and a fixing pin 221 for fixing the fixed shaft 223 to the fixed shaft reinforcing plate 222. In use, the main rope connected to the hoist may be fixed by the dead axle 223 to connect the hoist to the positioning guide.

While a pair of auxiliary support structures located on both sides of the main support structure have the same structure, as shown in fig. 23 to 28, and each include: a side plate 231 fixedly installed at the outer side of the back of the guide structure, the length extending direction of which is the same as that of the guide structure; and a plurality of wing plates 237 positioned between the side plates 231 and the corresponding support plates, both ends of which are fixedly connected to the side plates and the support plates.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 23-6, a pair of auxiliary supporting structures are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the guiding structure, that is, a pair of side plates 231 are symmetrically disposed on both side edges of the guiding structure, each side plate 231 is disposed perpendicular to the guiding structure, and the front ends of the side plates 231 are welded to the back of the guiding structure (i.e., the back of the guiding plate 214, the upper web 213, and the back of the lower web 212), the depth of the side plates may be constant or gradually increased from top to bottom, the depth of the top of the side plates may be the same as that of the supporting plate, and the depth below the top is smaller than that of the supporting plate.

A plurality of wing plates 237 parallel to each other are arranged between each side plate 231 and the adjacent corresponding support plate 221, the left end and the right end of each wing plate 237 are respectively welded on the opposite inner walls of the side plate 231 and the adjacent corresponding support plate 221, the front ends of the wing plates are welded on the back of the plate corresponding to the guide structure, the wing plates 237 are arranged at intervals up and down along the vertical direction, and the width and the depth of the wing plates are gradually widened from top to bottom (see fig. 24 and 25). When the positioning guider is arranged in a pile hole, the back side of the supporting structure can cling to the inner wall of the pile hole, and the guiding structure extends downwards, so that the impact drill bit is guided to impact the pile wall along the inclined sliding groove.

In order to facilitate the connection of the positioning guide device with the winch through the wire rope, a through hole 2370 (shown in fig. 28) penetrating the thickness of the plate is formed in each wing plate 237, and a through hole 2210 penetrating the thickness of the support plate 221 is formed in the corresponding position of the support plate, so that the subline 600 of the wire rope can penetrate through the through hole 2370 of each wing plate 237 from top to bottom and surround the inner side of the wing plate to form an anti-falling and anti-falling safety protection device, and the subline is also a protection rope sleeve for emergency treatment after the positioning guide device falls. One or more suspension rings 601 for fixing the ropes may also be fixed outside the side plates as required.

In addition to the above structures, the positioning guide of the present invention may further include a wear-resistant structure 240 disposed on the front side surface of the guide structure, where the wear-resistant structure 240 may be a structure as shown in fig. 26, and a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped wear-resistant strips (4 shown in the figure) are welded on the front side surface of the upper web; alternatively, the wear structure 240 may be constructed as shown in fig. 27, with an annular wear strip welded to the front side of the upper web. During welding, the position of the wear-resistant structure 240 on the guide structure is reasonably designed, and preferably, the wear-resistant structure 240 corresponds to the position of the percussion bit wear-resistant block, that is, the percussion bit wear-resistant block contacts with the wear-resistant structure 240, so as to reduce the impact on the positioning guide.

The positioning guider is a structural part for directionally expanding and excavating the pile hole by matching with a percussion drill bit, and is combined with a drilling mode of the percussion drill bit, and when the positioning guider is used, the operations of lowering, positioning, fixing the percussion drill bit and the like are carried out; and judging and adjusting the implementation process including direction, angle and impact strength by combining manual experience, and timely repairing the percussion bit and the positioning guider.

Before the positioning guider is placed in the pile hole, the winch is connected with the positioning guider through a steel wire rope, the middle part of the winch is fixed through a breaker, the positioning guider is prevented from being clamped in the pile hole in the placing process, and meanwhile, the impact drill bit is prevented from steering or deviating during construction. The main rope of the steel wire rope is connected into double strands by a buckle and tied on a fixed shaft in the steel ridge beam of the positioning guider; the auxiliary rope is wound on the inner side of the wing plate, and not only is an anti-falling and anti-falling safety protection device of the positioning guider, but also is a protection rope sleeve for emergency treatment after the positioning guider falls.

When the positioning guider is placed downwards, the length of the steel wire rope placed downwards by the positioning winch is measured, and the bottom of the positioning guider is placed at the position, needing to be impacted, of the impact drill bit. And fixing the bolt of the winch to keep the positioning guider in the depth of the fixing hole of the pile hole. The steel ridge beam and the supporting plate of the positioning guider provide stability of the whole component, bear impact and split in the subsequent percussion bit operation process, are attached to the hole wall and are combined with the hole wall, and collapse of the hole wall is avoided. And the sliding chute of the positioning guider is used for lowering the impact drill bit for impact, the inner wall of the sliding chute is arc-shaped (or U-shaped), the texture is hard, the plane is smooth, the cambered surface is changed from narrow to wide from top to bottom, the impact drill bit can be better wrapped, and the impact direction of the impact drill bit when the wall of the impact drill bit is lowered can be smoothly guided. The flange plate limits the impact direction of the percussion bit, protects the hole walls in other directions, avoids unnecessary reaming and improves safety.

The positioning guider of the invention provides a flat retaining wall for single pile expanding excavation of the impact drill bit, and is used for guiding and positioning the drilling direction of the impact drill bit, cutting and impacting concrete and bedrock, thereby achieving the purpose of connecting and sleeving the lower part of a pile hole to form a wall. The positioning guider belongs to core elements in a complete construction process of an upper pile and a lower wall, effectively solves the aim of wall formation at a specific depth between pile holes, is a general component condensed by long-term practical experience, is beneficial to combining a pile wall process, forms a matched process with strong operability and simple construction, can be widely applied to the requirements of pile expanding wall formation sleeve seepage prevention of various stratums, efficiently and excellently completes construction tasks, generates good economic benefits, and can greatly reduce the potential safety hazard in the construction process.

Next, a method for reinforcing a concrete guide wall foundation by using the pile-expanding and wall-forming system for a concrete guide wall foundation of the present invention will be described.

When the concrete guide wall foundation is reinforced, the following method is adopted:

dividing a guide wall foundation which is a preset distance away from one side of the concrete guide wall into a plurality of wall sections along the direction parallel to the axial direction of the concrete guide wall;

performing bottom bedrock pile-expanding wall-forming construction with two pile holes as a group on each wall section to obtain an anti-seepage pile wall which is provided with a plurality of groups of anti-impact piles corresponding to the wall sections and is formed by integrally connecting the lower parts of the two anti-impact piles of each group of anti-impact piles;

and forming the impervious wall for reinforcing the concrete guide wall foundation by constructing a plurality of the obtained impervious pile walls on a plurality of wall sections.

Specifically, the method for reinforcing the concrete guide wall foundation by adopting the system comprises the following steps:

s01, dividing a guide wall foundation which is a preset distance away from one side of the concrete guide wall into a plurality of wall sections along the direction parallel to the axial direction of the concrete guide wall;

it should be noted that, the axial direction in this context refers to the direction of the length extension of the concrete guide wall, perpendicular to the hydraulic flow direction.

The guide wall foundation, which is spaced apart from one side of the concrete guide wall by a predetermined distance (e.g., between 0.3 and 0.8 m) in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the concrete guide wall, is divided into a plurality of wall segments.

S02, performing bottom bedrock pile-expanding wall-forming construction with two pile holes as a group on each wall section to obtain an anti-seepage pile wall which is provided with a plurality of groups of anti-impact piles corresponding to the wall sections and has the lower parts of the two anti-impact piles of each group of anti-impact piles connected into a whole;

after dividing the concrete guide wall foundation of a hydropower station into a plurality of wall sections, performing bottom bedrock pile-expanding wall-forming construction with two pile holes as a group in each wall section, namely constructing a plurality of groups of pile holes (forming anti-impact piles after pouring concrete in the pile holes) arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the concrete guide wall in each wall section, wherein each group of pile holes comprises two pile holes, and the distance between two adjacent pile holes in two adjacent groups of pile holes is the same as the distance between two pile holes in each group of pile holes (the distance between two adjacent pile holes of two adjacent wall sections is also the same as the distance between two pile holes in each group of pile holes). During construction, the two pile holes are used as a group for carrying out pile expanding and wall forming construction of bed rock at the bottom of the wall section, two anti-impact piles are formed after concrete is poured in the two pile holes of each group, and the lower parts of the two anti-impact piles are connected into a whole, so that the anti-seepage pile wall of the upper pile lower wall corresponding to the wall section is formed through pile expanding and wall forming construction of the multiple groups of pile holes in the wall section.

The method for performing bottom bedrock pile-expanding wall-forming construction by taking two pile holes as a group in each wall section is the same, and comprises the following steps:

s21, excavating a first pile hole and a second pile hole which are parallel to each other and have the depth reaching the preset depth of the bedrock in the wall section, wherein the two pile holes are separated by a partition wall;

a first pile hole and a second pile hole which are parallel to each other are dug out at preset positions in a wall section through a rotary drilling rig, and the two pile holes are separated by a partition wall. Generally, the diameter of the pile hole is larger than the length of the partition wall, and the length of the partition wall refers to the dimension of the partition wall along the axial direction of the concrete guide wall.

When the pile hole is dug, the depth of the pile hole is to the preset depth of the bedrock. Generally, the preset depth is determined according to the actual situation of the bottom of the original concrete guide wall of the hydropower station, and if an anti-impact pile is constructed on one side of the original concrete guide wall in the past, the preset depth is greater than or equal to the depth of the pile bottom of the original anti-impact pile.

S22, drilling one side of the preset area of the partition wall by using a drilling tool arranged in the first pile hole through a guiding function so as to form a side groove communicated with the first pile hole on the partition wall, wherein the height of the side groove is equal to the height of the partition wall, which is below the foundation surface of the guide wall and above the bottom line of the preset impervious wall, and the width of the side groove is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the pile hole;

the positioning guide with the inclined sliding groove is arranged in the pile hole, namely, the positioning guide is arranged in the corresponding pile hole where the drilling tool is arranged, and the inclined sliding groove of the positioning guide faces the partition wall, and the back side opposite to the inclined sliding groove is tightly attached to the inner wall, far away from the partition wall, of the pile hole.

Before the construction, will be located the other hoist engine and the location director of wall section stake hole through wire rope and be connected, it is fixed with the power breaker again in the centre (power breaker adopts prior art power breaker, and the connected mode also can adopt prior art mode), avoids the location director to transfer the in-process card in the stake hole, also can avoid drilling and chiseling instrument when follow-up construction to turn to or skew.

When the positioning guide device is placed downwards, the positioning guide device needs to be arranged at a position, corresponding to a preset partition wall area, in a pile hole, wherein the preset partition wall area refers to an area between a preset position above the elevation of the bottom of the pile hole (for example, a position 5m above the elevation of the bottom of the pile hole, a preset impermeable wall bottom line) and the bottom of an original concrete guide wall (namely, a guide wall foundation). Generally, the position corresponding to the preset area of the partition wall needs to be reasonably determined according to the diameter of a pile hole during construction, the inclination angle of an inclined chute, the size of a drilling tool, the height and thickness of the partition wall, and the like. And when the positioning guide device is actually placed, measuring the length of the steel wire rope placed by the positioning winch, and placing the bottom of the positioning guide device at the part of the drilling tool, which needs to be impacted. The bolt of the winch is fixed, so that the positioning guider is kept in the depth of a fixed hole of the pile hole, and the back side of the positioning guider tightly abuts against the inner wall of the pile hole.

The drilling tool adopts a special impact drill bit, and performs drilling treatment on one side of a preset area of the partition wall by using the drilling tool arranged in the first pile hole under the guiding action of the positioning guider, wherein the drilling treatment comprises the following steps:

placing a percussion drill bit and a positioning guider in a position, corresponding to a preset area of the partition wall, in the first pile hole;

after the positioning guider is stably attached to the wall in the pile hole, fixing the position, then arranging an impact drill bit downwards, and enabling the impact drill bit to incline towards a preset area of the partition wall through an inclined chute of the positioning guider;

percussion bit work supports the dorsal part of keeping away from the partition wall of percussion bit through the slope spout of positioning guide to one side through percussion bit's front side to the partition wall preset area carries out the drilling processing, and at this moment, the dorsal part of positioning guide tightly supports stake downthehole wall, promptly, percussion bit can be along the inclined plane orientation of positioning guide slope spout towards the side partition wall impact, cutting, shake the rock mass.

In the process of the partition wall drilling treatment by the impact drill bit, the impact drill bit is enabled to impact and drill the partition wall while synchronously moving down the impact drill bit and the positioning guider, and the relative position of the impact drill bit and the positioning guider is always unchanged by synchronously moving down, so that the positioning guider can always provide support for the impact drill bit and bear impact and split in the operation process of the impact drill bit. The back side of the positioning guider is attached and combined with the inner wall (referred to as the hole wall) of the pile hole, so that the hole wall is prevented from collapsing during the operation of the percussion drill bit.

The method comprises the steps that an impact drill bit and a positioning guider are synchronously moved downwards from top to bottom, so that the impact drill bit can impact and drill the partition wall along the vertical downward direction, a side groove communicated with a first pile hole is vertically impacted and drilled on the side surface of the partition wall facing the first pile hole from top to bottom, during construction, the height of the side groove is the height, below the foundation surface of the guide wall, of the partition wall and above the bottom line of a preset impervious wall, and the width of the side groove is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the pile hole.

The positioning guider provides lateral support for the impact drill bit, bears impact and split in the operation process of the impact drill bit, and the back side of the positioning guider is always attached to the hole wall to avoid the hole wall from collapsing. In addition, the impact drill bit is placed downwards by utilizing the sliding groove of the positioning guider for impact, the inner wall of the sliding groove is arc-shaped (or U-shaped), the texture is hard, the plane is smooth, the cambered surface is widened from top to bottom, the impact drill bit can be better wrapped, and the impact direction of the impact drill bit when the wall of the impact drill bit is placed downwards is smoothly guided.

S23, after the side groove is formed, drilling the other side of the preset area of the partition wall by a drilling tool arranged in the second pile hole through a guiding function, so that the first pile hole, the side groove and the second pile hole are communicated and a communication hole is formed;

the side partition wall is drilled by adopting the impact drill bit arranged in the first pile hole to form a side groove from top to bottom, then the positioning guider and the impact drill bit are synchronously arranged in the second pile hole, then the other side of the preset area of the partition wall is drilled by adopting a method of directionally expanding and excavating the first pile hole, the other side of the partition wall is chiseled from top to bottom, so that the first pile hole, the formed side groove and the second pile hole are communicated and form a communication hole, namely, the preset area at the lower part of the partition wall forms an occlusion hole which is mutually sleeved with the two pile holes, and an occlusion wall body 450 (concrete is poured in the two pile holes in fig. 16) as shown in fig. 16 can be formed after concrete is poured in the occlusion hole.

And S24, cleaning the communicating holes, arranging the joint pipes below the communicating holes, and then performing concrete pouring treatment on the communicating holes so as to integrally connect the lower parts of the two anti-impact piles.

After the mutually sleeved communication holes are formed, performing connectivity detection on the communication holes, and performing subsequent construction if the detection is qualified; if not, the construction is carried out again until the detection is qualified.

The subsequent construction after the connectivity detection is qualified comprises the following steps: and clearing holes, arranging the reinforcement cage and the joint pipe below, and pouring concrete so as to connect the lower parts of the two anti-impact piles into a whole.

Wherein, the rotary drilling tool is adopted to replace a flat bottom slag salvaging drill bit to carry out the hole cleaning operation of the pile hole. And fishing out sediments such as drilling slag, silt and the like from the hole, and doping clean water in the fishing process to ensure the liquid level elevation in the hole. The hole cleaning requirement meets the design that the thickness of the pile-forming sediments is not more than 30cm, and the hole depth and the hole bottom sediments are detected by adopting a standard measuring rope.

And after the holes are cleaned, the installation and arrangement operations of the reinforcement cage, the pouring guide pipe and the joint pipe are organized as soon as possible so as to ensure that the construction procedures are smoothly connected and the concrete pouring operation is completed as soon as possible. The size of the reinforcement cage is designed according to the size of a pile hole and is set according to the requirements of a design drawing, an 85T crawler crane arranged at the top end of a guide wall is matched with a 25T truck crane on the ground to carry out suspended hoisting, section setting and orifice butt joint, and a worker's length and a safety officer are matched and commanded up and down on the guide wall respectively.

The upper and lower two parts of steel reinforcement cage along vertical direction are connected with 6 hoisting bars in the middle, the steel reinforcement cage positioned at the bottom of the concrete guide wall is arranged below, the top steel reinforcement cage and the hoisting bars are butted at the orifice by using an 80T crawler crane, and then the whole steel reinforcement cage is arranged below the hole bottom. When the reinforcement cage is arranged below, the reinforcement cage is arranged only below the pile hole, and the reinforcement cage is not required to be arranged below the partition wall.

After the lower part of the steel reinforcement cage is arranged, the lower part of the joint pipe is arranged, before the joint pipe is arranged, the joint pipe is cleaned and checked, trial splicing is carried out, and the verticality is observed. And binding a coarse screen mesh or welding a steel plate at the bottom of the through hole joint component of the joint pipe to prevent the subsequently poured concrete from entering the joint pipe.

In the process of arranging the joint pipe downwards, the joint pipe is manually rotated, and when the joint pipe is arranged downwards to the bolt, the joint pipe is carefully checked and cleaned. The bench clamp and the clamp are firmly fixed without looseness, and the joint of the upper pipe orifice and the lower pipe orifice of the joint pipe is aligned.

After the joint pipe is arranged, concrete is poured through the guide pipe, in the pouring process, the joint pipe is arranged below one pile hole, in the other pile hole, the concrete is poured, as shown in fig. 8, in the concrete pouring process through the guide pipe 800 in the first pile hole, the joint pipe 701 is arranged below the second pile hole, and in the concrete pouring process, the joint pipe 701 is pulled up through the pipe drawing machine 700. In order to ensure that the joint pipe is not extruded and deviated by concrete in the pouring hole, the pouring speed is reduced when the concrete is poured to the bottom of the joint pipe; and after the joint pipe is buried, controlling the pouring speed. After the joint pipe is buried, when concrete enters a hole by each truck, on-site sampling under the same condition is carried out, and synchronous simulation is carried out by inserting a joint pipe mold. And comparing the pressure change condition when the micro joint pipe is observed with the initial setting condition of the taken concrete, and judging the time for pulling the joint pipe.

The concrete pouring adopts a ball pressing method for pouring and an underwater guide pipe pouring method for construction. The guide pipe is buried in the concrete all the time in the concrete pouring process, and the guide pipe is strictly forbidden to be lifted out of the concrete surface. The conduit should be taken up and taken down on duty.

Concrete pouring must be performed continuously, and concrete delivered to the hole opening should have good workability. The concrete surface rising condition should be frequently detected in the concrete pouring, and the middle part of the concrete surface rising condition is not interrupted.

The construction method is used for carrying out concrete pouring treatment on the multiple groups of pile holes in each wall section, and the anti-seepage pile wall of the upper pile lower wall corresponding to each wall section is formed.

And S03, forming the impervious wall for reinforcing the concrete guide wall foundation by constructing a plurality of impervious pile walls obtained by the wall sections.

After the anti-seepage pile walls of the upper pile lower wall corresponding to each wall section are formed, the anti-seepage wall capable of reinforcing the concrete guide wall foundation is formed through the anti-seepage pile walls, the problem of washing of the guide wall foundation is thoroughly solved, hydraulic connection does not exist between the inner side and the outer side of the guide wall, the stability of the guide wall and the use safety of a power station are improved, and the service life of the power station is prolonged.

The process of reinforcing a concrete guide wall foundation of a power station by using the system of the invention is described in detail below.

The pile number of a left guide wall of a certain hydropower station (0 + 125-0 +326.3m of a dam (left guide)) and the width of the top of an L-shaped guide wall is 6.2m, the guide wall is of a reinforced concrete structure, and the depth range is 24-49 m; excavation reveals that the engineering geological conditions are as follows:

left lead 0+125 m-left lead 0+170m section

The lithology of the building base surface is mixed rock, the IV-class rock mass is weakly weathered, and no underground water is exposed. The method mainly comprises three groups of cracks of N40-70 degrees W SW 50-70 degrees, N20-50 degrees E NW 20-35 degrees, and N80 degrees E NW 60-70 degrees. Small faults, extrusion fracture zones and lime-green rock veins develop along the three groups of cracks, and the small faults and the extrusion zones are generally of a fragment mud-inclusion type.

The foundation surface mainly comprises weakly weathered IV-class rock masses and locally strongly weathered V-class rock masses.

And the sections from 0+170m of left lead to 0+195m of left lead are F1 fault and its influence zone. The fault occurrence N40-50 degrees W/NE 65-75 degrees and the oblique crossing with the guide wall form an included angle of about 40 degrees. The width of the fault and the affected zone of the fault along the riverbed is 25-30 m, the width of the fault zone is about 2-2.5 m, and the fault comprises fractured rock, carbonaceous shale and fault mud; the fault zone is mainly carbonaceous shale with sandstone. The broken layer belt and the influence belt have poor anti-scouring capability and weak water permeability.

And thirdly, the left guide section is 0+195m to the left guide section is 0+215m, the foundation is a grey silty clay layer, the maximum thickness is about 4m, the bearing capacity is low, and the medium compressibility is realized.

And fourthly, the thickness of the section is 13 to 39m according to the disclosures of the pilot hole, the pile foundation and the pile hole, and the section consists of an upper gravel layer containing floating sand and eggs (the thickness is 6 to 8m) and a lower gray silty clay layer (the maximum thickness is 30 more m).

And detecting the guide wall underwater to obtain an elutriation line of the guide wall, and knowing that a void area exists at the bottom of the guide wall through the elutriation line, so that the problem of basic elutriation exists. In the prior art, concrete which is not dispersed underwater is poured to support a gob at the bottom of the guide wall, but the problem of base elutriation is not completely solved, and hydraulic connection still exists between the inner side and the outer side of the guide wall.

In order to solve the problem of elutriation of the concrete guide wall foundation of the power station, the invention forms a pile in the reinforced concrete structure of the guide wall so that the bedrock section at the bottom of the guide wall is connected to form the anti-seepage wall with an upper pile and a lower wall, thereby realizing the reinforcement of the concrete guide wall foundation. The method comprises the steps of arranging anti-impact piles on a concrete guide wall foundation by adopting a pile expanding and wall forming scheme, performing hole forming by adopting a rotary drilling rig, directional pile expanding and grooving construction by adopting an impact drill bit and a positioning guider during construction, chiseling the inter-pile foundation rock within the range from the left guide wall foundation surface to the height of the pile bottom by more than 5m, performing directional expansion and grooving on the foundation rock section, and performing pouring by adopting an underwater concrete ball pressing method and joint pipe drawing process to realize wall forming.

Before application, the construction scheme shown in fig. 1a is determined: the concrete guide wall (namely the left guide wall of the open channel) is determined to be 55 anti-impact piles, each anti-impact pile is uniformly distributed along the direction parallel to the axial direction of the concrete guide wall, the distance between each anti-impact pile and the left side of the left guide wall is 0.5m, the distance between every two adjacent piles is 1.5m, the pile diameter (namely the diameter of the anti-impact pile) is phi 1.0m, and a continuous anti-impact wall (namely an anti-seepage wall) is formed at the bottom of the left guide wall by adopting a pile expanding and wall forming process.

During construction, a guide wall foundation 0.5m away from the left side of the concrete guide wall is divided into a plurality of wall sections along a direction parallel to the axial direction of the concrete guide wall, then bottom bedrock pile-expanding wall-forming construction is carried out in each wall section by taking two pile holes as a group, so that the lower parts of two anti-impact piles of each group of anti-impact piles are connected into a whole to form an anti-seepage pile wall of an upper pile lower wall corresponding to the wall section, and the anti-seepage pile walls of all the wall sections are connected together to form the anti-seepage wall for reinforcing the guide wall foundation.

The following describes in detail the process of performing bottom bedrock pile-expanding wall-forming construction on a certain wall section of the guide wall by using the system of the present invention.

(1) Selection of slot length

When a certain wall segment is constructed by piling, taking the 1# (i.e. the first pile hole 400 in fig. 3) and the 2# (i.e. the second pile hole 500 in fig. 3) of any pile hole group in the wall segment as an example, the hole positions of two pile holes are determined to be constructed as a group, and the upper pile lower wall formed by each group of anti-impact piles comprises 2 pile holes and a partition wall between the two pile holes. The drill bit with the diameter of 80cm is used for directional wall-forming construction, and the thickness of the lowest edge of the guide positioner is 55 cm.

The construction grooving of two pile holes in the same group is a first-stage grooving, and the construction grooving of one pile hole group adjacent to the group is a second-stage grooving. The pile diameter of each group of pile holes is 1m, the center distance between two adjacent piles is 1.5m, the length of the wall section between the piles (namely the length of the partition wall) is 0.5m, namely the length of the first-stage groove and the second-stage groove is 2.5 m.

(2) Rotary drilling hole

The anti-impact pile is formed by a rotary drilling rig 301, the diameter of a drill bit carried by the rotary drilling rig 301 is 1.0m, rotary drilling and hole forming are general construction processes, before wall forming, a hole needs to be drilled to the bottom of the hole in a rotary drilling mode, and the depth of the hole is 5m deeper than the wall forming depth, so that the positioning guider can be normally used in subsequent wall forming construction.

When the rotary drilling rig drills a hole, two adjacent anti-impact piles in the same group can drill to the bottom of the hole at the same time and then perform wall forming construction, or the rotary drilling rig can drill a first pile hole 400 and then drill a second pile hole 500 and then perform wall forming construction (as shown in fig. 2 and 3).

In order to ensure the smooth wall formation, the inclination of the anti-impact pile hole cannot exceed 0.2 percent.

The two pile holes are directionally expanded and dug according to technical Specifications of building pile foundations (JGJ 94-2008). The allowable deviation of the perpendicularity of the hole forming of the rotary drilling rig, which is checked in an allowable deviation table of hole forming construction of a cast-in-place pile in chapter six 6.2.4 in the specification, is 1%. The hole bottom deviation is calculated according to a formula of hole depth multiplied by hole slope, when the calculated hole depth is 25m, the hole bottom deviation can reach 25cm, the holes drilled on two sides can be communicated due to the hole slope, then the rotary drilling rig cannot continuously drill, otherwise, the rotary drilling rig can directly deviate to another drilled hole, and the wall forming of adjacent piles is influenced due to the expansion of pile spacing. The thickness of the positioning guider is 0.55m, the percussion drill bit is 0.8m, namely the wall forming thickness among the wall forming piles is 0.7m at most, the clear distance among the piles is 0.5m, and therefore the deviation of each pile bottom cannot exceed 0.1 m; and (3) combining two formulas of hole bottom deviation, namely hole depth multiplied by hole slope, and hole depth, namely design final hole depth-5 m, calculating the maximum hole slope under the condition of wall forming, and calculating to obtain the hole slope which is not more than 2 per thousand.

(3) Percussion drill wall

After the hole is formed to the bottom of the hole by rotary drilling, the wall-forming drilling is carried out by using an impact drill bit of 80cm in two times, taking the No. 1 pile and the No. 2 pile as examples. The lower part of the 1# side partition wall of each group of holes (such as the first stage groove) is constructed firstly (as shown in fig. 2), and then the lower part of the 2# side partition wall of each group of holes (as shown in fig. 3) is constructed, and each side is impacted in a directional manner for 30cm in width, so that two circular sleeved occlusion holes (see the occlusion wall body 450 shown in fig. 16) are formed.

By adopting the specially-made positioning guider 200, the percussion drill bit 100 is guided and impacts the lower part of the partition wall between two piles, the inter-pile bedrock (namely the preset area of the lower part of the partition wall) ranging from the foundation surface of the concrete guide wall (also called the bottom of the guide wall, namely the design bottom line a of the concrete guide wall) to the pile bottom (namely the position of the impact-resistant pile bottom line c) which is 5m above the elevation (namely the position of the bottom line b of the impervious wall) is chiseled, namely, the drilling and smashing are carried out from the bottom of the concrete guide wall to the position of the positioning guider which is 5m above the hole bottom, and the slag is fished by matching with a rotary drilling rig in the drilling process.

Before chiseling, a positioning winch is used for placing a positioning guider in a first pile hole along a steel wire rope, the bottom of an inclined chute of the positioning guider is placed at a specific depth, the positioning guider is stably attached to the wall in the pile hole and then is fixed in position, an impact drill bit is arranged below the positioning guider, and the impact drill bit impacts, cuts and shakes off the foundation rock between piles towards the side pile wall in the first pile hole along the inclined surface of the positioning guider (as shown in figure 4) until the foundation rock drills to a position 5m above the pile bottom elevation (as shown in figure 5). After the first pile hole is reamed, the second pile hole is reamed by adopting the same steps, and after the foundation rock between the piles in the preset area at the lower part of the partition wall is completely shaken (as shown in figures 6 and 7), the two pile holes are communicated to form mutually sleeved engaging holes.

The percussion drill bit has a certain dead weight and stroke inertia, and after one side of the wall section is impacted by the percussion drill bit, a rock stratum with the thickness of less than 10cm between the piles is impacted or shaken off due to the fact that the base rock is broken or weak. In the impact process of the percussion drill, water is needed to be mixed to cool the drill bit and the positioning guider; and often pull the drill bit and the positioning guide out of the hole to check the wear and repair in time.

(4) Wall formation detection

After the communicating pore of above-mentioned primary groove forms, through Imagenex 881A Borehore Sonar type Sonar instrumentation, from one of them hole site, carry out the detection of wall body connectivity and finished wall width, transfer drilling Sonar from the drill way elevation, through wall Sonar reflection signal, form the pore-forming figure of communicating pore section, detect the section, execute and survey to the hole bottom elevation.

Or, after each communication hole of one wall section or all communication holes of all wall sections are formed, the wall body connectivity and the wall forming width are detected from one hole site through an Imagenex 881A Borehore Sonar type Sonar detection instrument, a drilling Sonar is placed from the hole site elevation, signals are reflected through the wall Sonar to form a hole forming pattern of each section, one section is detected at intervals of 1m, and the elevation of the bottom of the hole is detected.

(5) The hole cleaning, the reinforcement cage and the lower part of the joint pipe are provided with

Clearing the hole

And after the wall inspection and acceptance (namely wall detection) is qualified, a rotary drilling rig is adopted to replace a flat bottom slag salvaging drill bit to carry out hole cleaning operation. And fishing out sediments such as drilling slag, silt and the like from the hole, and doping clean water in the fishing process to ensure the liquid level elevation in the hole. The hole cleaning requirement meets the design that the thickness of the pile-forming sediments is not more than 30cm, and the hole depth and the hole bottom sediments are detected by adopting a standard measuring rope.

After the holes are cleaned, the installation and the arrangement of the reinforcement cage, the pouring guide pipe and the joint pipe are organized as soon as possible, the connection of working procedures is guaranteed, and the concrete pouring operation is completed as soon as possible.

② the lower part of the reinforcement cage

The steel reinforcement cage is arranged according to the design drawing requirements, the 85T crawler crane at the top end of the guide wall is matched with a 25T truck crane on the ground to carry out suspension hoisting, section-by-section arrangement and orifice butt joint, and a worker leader and a safety worker are respectively matched with each other and command up and down the guide wall.

The upper and lower two parts of reinforcing steel bars are connected by 6 hanging ribs in the middle, a concrete section bottom reinforcing cage is arranged below the upper part of the reinforcing steel bar, the top reinforcing cage and the hanging ribs are butted at an orifice by using an 80T crawler crane, and then the whole body is arranged below the bottom of the orifice.

③ the joint pipe is arranged below

Before the lower part of the joint pipe is arranged, the joint pipe is cleaned and checked, trial splicing is carried out, and the verticality is observed; and binding a coarse screen mesh or welding a steel plate at the bottom of the through hole joint member to prevent concrete from entering the pipe.

In the lower part, the rotary handle is manually rotated, and the rotary handle is carefully checked and cleaned after being arranged below the bolt. The bench clamp and the clamp are fixed firmly without loosening, and the joint of the upper pipe orifice and the lower pipe orifice is aligned.

(6) Pouring of concrete

And (5) casting by adopting a ball pressing method and constructing by adopting an underwater guide pipe casting method. The guide pipe is buried in the concrete all the time in the concrete pouring process, and the guide pipe is forbidden to be lifted out of the concrete surface. The depth of the conduit embedded in the concrete surface is preferably 3-6 m, and the minimum embedded depth is not less than 2 m. The conduit should be taken up and taken down on duty.

In concrete casting, as shown in fig. 8, concrete is cast in the first pile hole through the guide pipe 800, the joint pipe 701 is installed below the second pile hole, and the joint pipe 701 is pulled out by the pipe puller 700 in accordance with the concrete casting. The pulling-up of the joint pipe can be performed only when the pouring height of the concrete is higher than a certain height above the foundation surface of the original concrete guide wall and is in a no-flow state, so that the concrete poured through the first pile hole can not flow into the second pile hole, namely, a circular joint hole is formed through the joint pipe in the second pile hole. And after the concrete is poured through the first pile holes, the concrete fills the first pile holes and the preset area at the lower part of the partition wall (as shown in fig. 9).

Then, the joint pipe in the first pile hole is pulled out, and concrete is poured into the second pile hole by placing the guide pipe in the second pile hole, so that an interlocking wall 450 (shown in fig. 16) is formed between the first pile hole and the second pile hole.

In order to ensure that the joint pipe is not extruded and deviated by concrete poured in the pile hole, the pouring speed is reduced when the joint pipe is poured to the bottom of the joint pipe; and after the joint pipe is buried, controlling the pouring speed. After the joint pipe is buried, when concrete enters a hole by each truck, sampling is carried out on site under the same condition, and synchronous simulation is carried out by inserting the joint pipe into a mould. And comparing the pressure change condition when the micro-motion joint pipe is observed with the initial setting condition of the taken concrete, and judging the pulling-out time.

It should be noted that when all the anti-impact piles of the whole guide wall are constructed for piling and wall laying, pile holes of all the wall sections can be excavated and concrete can be poured according to actual conditions. For example, the following scheme may be adopted:

after the first pile hole and the second pile hole of the primary groove are communicated to form a communication hole, concrete is poured into the first pile hole of the primary groove by adopting the method, and a joint hole is formed through a joint pipe in the second pile hole.

After the first pile hole and the lower portion of the partition wall are filled with concrete, the joint pipe in the second pile hole is pulled out, then the first pile hole 400 'of the secondary slot is excavated by a rotary drilling machine (as shown in fig. 10), after the first pile hole 400' is excavated, the positioning guide and the impact drill are placed in the first pile hole 400 'of the secondary slot, and under the guiding action of the positioning guide on the impact drill, the lower portion of the partition wall between the second pile hole 500 of the primary slot and the first pile hole 400' of the secondary slot is processed by the impact drill (as shown in fig. 11) until the lower portion of the positioning guide is drilled and hammered to a height of 5m above the bottom of the hole (as shown in fig. 12), and a side groove communicated with the first pile hole 400 'is formed at the lower portion of the first pile hole 400' side of the secondary slot. Next, the positioning guide and the impact drill are placed in the second pile hole 500 of the first stage groove, and the lower portion of the partition wall on the side of the second pile hole 500 of the first stage groove is drilled by the impact drill (as shown in fig. 13) until the lower portion is drilled to a position 5m above the bottom of the hole and the height of the positioning guide (as shown in fig. 14), so that the second pile hole 500 of the first stage groove is communicated with the first pile hole 400' of the second stage groove to form a connecting hole.

After the first-stage groove second pile hole 500 is communicated with the second-stage groove first pile hole 400 'to form a communication hole, the subsequent processes such as hole cleaning are performed, and then concrete is poured through the first-stage groove second pile hole 500 under the condition that a joint pipe is arranged below the second-stage groove first pile hole 400' (as shown in fig. 15). And then, repeating the steps, and sequentially carrying out the same treatment on the adjacent pile holes so as to connect the lower parts of all the anti-impact piles of each wall section together, thereby forming the diaphragm wall of the upper pile lower wall, wherein the anti-impact piles are arranged above the foundation surface of the concrete guide wall, and the part, positioned above the elevation of the bottom of the pile hole, of the concrete guide wall among the adjacent anti-impact piles is communicated with the adjacent anti-impact piles to form the wall.

The diaphragm wall formed by the method has the advantages that the lower parts of the adjacent anti-impact piles are connected together, so that the part between the anti-impact piles, which is positioned below the surface of the concrete guide wall foundation, is not the bedrock any more, but is made of the same material as the anti-impact piles, and the gaps are uniform, so that the anti-impact performance of the diaphragm wall is greatly improved, and the concrete guide wall foundation is more stable.

The invention utilizes the positioning guider and the impact drill bit to carry out the anti-seepage pile wall construction of the upper pile and the lower wall, can be suitable for treating various stratums and can directionally chisel away the concrete or the bedrock between piles; the construction can be combined with a method for sleeving the impervious wall sections, such as: the underwater concrete ball pressing method pouring method and the joint pipe drawing method form the underground continuous wall with a specific depth after filling the high-diffusivity concrete, can effectively solve the seepage-proofing problem in a specific area, and therefore protects the stability of the foundation.

Although the present invention has been described in detail, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can modify the principle of the present invention, and thus, various modifications made in accordance with the principle of the present invention should be understood to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a system for concrete guide wall basis bottom bedrock expands stake becomes wall for after dividing into a plurality of wall sections apart from the guide wall basis of concrete guide wall one side default distance along being on a parallel with the axial direction of concrete guide wall, to every wall section carry out the bottom bedrock expand stake wall construction that uses two stake holes as a set of, the system includes:

the rotary drilling rig is used for excavating a first pile hole and a second pile hole which are parallel to each other and separated by a partition wall and reach a preset depth of a bedrock in the wall section;

the drilling tool is used for being respectively arranged in the first pile hole and the second pile hole and respectively drilling the corresponding side of a preset area of the partition wall between the two pile holes through the guiding action, and can enable the two pile holes to be communicated at the position flush with the preset area of the partition wall to form a communication hole;

the pouring device is used for carrying out concrete pouring treatment on the communication hole, and after concrete is poured on the communication hole, the communication hole becomes an anti-seepage pile wall which is provided with two anti-impact piles, and the lower parts of the two anti-impact piles are connected into a whole;

the wall section is provided with a plurality of anti-seepage pile walls which are connected into a whole, and the anti-seepage pile walls of the wall sections are connected together to form the anti-seepage wall for reinforcing the concrete guide wall foundation.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the drilling tool comprises a percussion bit, and the preset area of the partition wall between the two pile holes is obliquely drilled by the percussion bit to cut out bedrock of the preset area of the partition wall near the side of the pile hole in which the percussion bit is installed.

3. The system of claim 2, the percussion drill bit comprising:

a drill bit body;

the wear-resistant head is annularly arranged on the periphery of the bottom of the drill bit body and protrudes outwards along the radial direction of the drill bit body;

and the reinforcing ribs are used for connecting the wear-resistant head and the drill bit body together and increasing the connection strength.

4. The system of claim 3, the wear head being a wear head having a circular outer surface in cross-section.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the guiding action is an action of positioning a positioning guide with an inclined chute in a corresponding pile hole.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the positioning guide is positioned in the corresponding pile hole with the inclined chute facing the partition wall and the back side opposite the inclined chute abutting against the inner wall of the pile hole remote from the partition wall.

7. The system of claim 6, the positioning guide comprising:

the front side of the drill bit is provided with a guide structure of a chute for guiding the percussion drill bit to be obliquely arranged downwards and drilled;

and the supporting structure is arranged on the back side of the guiding structure and used for supporting the guiding structure, and the back side of the supporting structure is tightly attached to the inner wall of the pile hole.

8. The system of claim 7, the guide structure comprising:

a guide plate;

an upper web fixedly connected with the lower edge of the guide plate;

a lower web fixedly connected to the lower edge of the upper web;

wherein, deflector, upper web, lower web extend and connect as an organic wholely along the direction that has certain contained angle with vertical direction, and each board all is the arc.

9. The system of claim 7, the support structure comprising:

the main supporting structure is fixedly arranged on the back sides of the guide plate, the upper web plate and the lower web plate which are connected into a whole;

and the pair of auxiliary supporting structures are fixedly arranged on the back sides of the guide plate, the upper web plate and the lower web plate which are connected into a whole and are positioned on two sides of the main supporting structure.

10. The system of any of claims 1-9, further comprising:

the hole cleaning device is used for cleaning the communication hole;

and the lower setting device is used for setting the reinforcement cage and the joint pipe below the communicating hole after the hole cleaning treatment.