CN113024962A - 一种eps泡沫包装材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- SEGBQNJGOCXIGC-FHERZECASA-N benzyl n-[(2s)-1-[(4-hydroxyoxolan-3-yl)amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamate Chemical group N([C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NC1C(COC1)O)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 SEGBQNJGOCXIGC-FHERZECASA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种EPS泡沫包装材料及其制备方法,所述EPS泡沫包装材料,包括以下重量份的原料:改性聚苯乙烯树脂100份、聚丙烯醇10~20份、壳聚糖5~15份、聚磷酸铵5~10份、聚乙二醇1~3份、发泡剂3~6份;本发明提供的EPS泡沫包装材料的配方中创新性的加入了聚丙烯醇、壳聚糖,两者在一定的温度下分散于水中后可以形成水凝胶,水凝胶具有丰富的互穿交联网络,加工成EPS泡沫包装材料后可显著增强EPS泡沫的韧性;并对聚苯乙烯树脂进行了亲水改性提高其与水凝胶的结合性;按照本发明的方法制备的EPS泡沫包装材料具有较好的韧性和阻燃性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于泡沫包装材料技术领域,具体涉及一种EPS泡沫包装材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
泡沫包装材料是一种理想的包装材料,通过成型工艺,可根据需要加工成各种形状、不同厚度的包装产品。聚苯乙烯泡沫(Expanded Polystyrene简称EPS)是一种轻型高分子聚合物。广泛用于建筑、保温、包装、冷冻、日用品,工业铸造等领域。
传统的EPS泡沫包装材料是在聚苯乙烯树脂中加入发泡剂,同时加热进行软化,产生气体,形成一种硬质闭孔结构的泡沫塑料。但是此种EPS泡沫包装材料的韧性及阻燃性均较差。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种具有高韧性和阻燃性的EPS泡沫包装材料及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:
一种EPS泡沫包装材料,包括以下重量份的原料:改性聚苯乙烯树脂100份、聚丙烯醇10~20份、壳聚糖5~15份、聚磷酸铵5~10份、聚乙二醇1~3份、发泡剂3~6份。
所述EPS泡沫包装材料优选为包括以下重量份的原料:改性聚苯乙烯树脂100份、聚丙烯醇12~18份、壳聚糖7~13份、聚磷酸铵7~9份、聚乙二醇2~3份、发泡剂4~5份。
进一步地,所述改性聚苯乙烯树脂的制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
A、将盐酸多巴胺按照1g:300~450mL的质量体积比溶解在pH为7.5~8.0的三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷水溶液中,得到混合溶液一;
B、向混合溶液一中加入聚苯乙烯树脂,超声震荡1~2h,得到混合溶液二;
C、加热混合溶液二至60~70℃,搅拌12~24h,经离心、洗涤、过滤、干燥,得到所述改性聚苯乙烯树脂。
所述三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷水溶液的浓度为0.05~0.15g/mL。
所述发泡剂为二氯二氟甲烷、二氯四氟乙烷、十二烷基硫酸钠中的任意一种。
所述的EPS泡沫包装材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)对聚苯乙烯树脂进行预发泡;
(2)在75~85℃,将配方量的聚丙烯醇、壳聚糖分散在5~8倍的水中,搅拌混合均匀;
(3)保持温度不变,向步骤(2)中加入配方量的聚磷酸铵、聚乙二醇,高速搅拌混合20~30min;
(4)保持温度不变,向步骤(3)中加入预发泡的改性聚苯乙烯树脂和发泡剂,继续高速搅拌20~30min,得到混合浆料;
(5)将混合浆料加入模具中成型;
(6)对成型后的EPS泡沫包装材料进行烘干。
进一步地,所述高速搅拌的速度为700~800r/min。
步骤(5)中,将承装了混合浆料的模具于压力400~420kPa、温度140~145℃水蒸气发泡1~2h,然后将模具静置并自然冷却至室温,脱模。
本发明提供的EPS泡沫包装材料的配方中创新性的加入了聚丙烯醇、壳聚糖,两者在一定的温度下分散于水中后可以形成水凝胶,水凝胶具有丰富的互穿交联网络,加工成EPS泡沫包装材料后可显著增强EPS泡沫的韧性;为提高聚苯乙烯树脂与水凝胶的结合性,本发明利用多巴胺对聚苯乙烯树脂进行了亲水改性,多巴胺具有自聚合功能,通过本发明中的改性方法可在聚苯乙烯树脂的表面包覆上聚合多巴胺,提高聚苯乙烯树脂与聚丙烯醇、壳聚糖所形成的水凝胶的结合性;并且本发明加入了吸湿性小、生烟量低、热稳定性高的聚磷酸铵作为阻燃剂,提高了EPS泡沫的阻燃性;加入了聚乙二醇作为脱模剂,同时聚乙二醇也是能够形成水凝胶的物质之一,其在配方中还能与聚丙烯醇、壳聚糖相互配合增强水凝胶的强度进而提高制备的EPS泡沫包装材料的强度。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供的EPS泡沫包装材料具有较好的阻燃性能和较高的韧性,可根据选用的模具制备成各种形状的EPS泡沫包装材料。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种EPS泡沫包装材料,包括以下重量份的原料:改性聚苯乙烯树脂100份、聚丙烯醇12份、壳聚糖13份、聚磷酸铵7份、聚乙二醇1份、二氯二氟甲烷4份;所述改性聚苯乙烯树脂的制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
A、将盐酸多巴胺按照1g:400mL的质量体积比溶解在pH为8.0的浓度为0.10g/mL三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷水溶液中,得到混合溶液一;
B、向混合溶液一中加入聚苯乙烯树脂,超声震荡1.5h,得到混合溶液二;
C、加热混合溶液二至70℃,搅拌16h,经离心、洗涤、过滤、干燥,得到所述改性聚苯乙烯树脂。
所述EPS泡沫包装材料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将EPS预发机预热至75℃并保持10min,将改性聚苯乙烯树脂放入预发机中,通入干燥的饱和蒸汽和压缩空气,得到预发泡的改性聚苯乙烯树脂;
(2)在75℃,将配方量的聚丙烯醇、壳聚糖分散在10倍的水中,搅拌混合均匀;
(3)保持温度不变,向步骤(2)中加入配方量的聚磷酸铵、聚乙二醇,750r/min高速搅拌混合25min;
(4)保持温度不变,向步骤(3)中加入预发泡的改性聚苯乙烯树脂和发泡剂,继续750r/min高速搅拌25min,得到混合浆料;
(5)将混合浆料加入模具中,于压力410kPa、温度145℃水蒸气发泡1.5h,通过蒸汽使浆料膨胀,直至充满整个模腔,形成与模具形状相同的制品密度在30~40g/mL的EPS泡沫包装材料;
(6)对成型后的EPS泡沫包装材料进行烘干。
实施例2
一种EPS泡沫包装材料,包括以下重量份的原料:改性聚苯乙烯树脂100份、聚丙烯醇18份、壳聚糖12份、聚磷酸铵9份、聚乙二醇2份、二氯四氟乙烷5份。
其他同实施例1。
实施例3
一种EPS泡沫包装材料,包括以下重量份的原料:改性聚苯乙烯树脂100份、聚丙烯醇15份、壳聚糖10份、聚磷酸铵8份、聚乙二醇3份、十二烷基硫酸钠6份。
其他同实施例1。
对比例1
其他同实施例1,只是不对聚苯乙烯树脂进行改性,直接使用与对比文件1中的步骤B完全相同的聚苯乙烯树脂作为原料。
对比例2
其他同实施例1,只是将聚丙烯醇、壳聚糖均替换为同等质量的改性聚苯乙烯树脂。
将各实施例和对比例所得的EPS泡沫包装材料按照GB/T 10801.2-2002中的规定进行性能检测,检测结果如表1所示,具体检测方法如下:
极限氧指数:根据GB/T2406标准进行测试,样品陈化28d,试样尺寸(150±1)mm×(12.5±1)mm×(12.5±1)mm;
压缩强度的测定:按GB/T 8813规定进行,相对形变为10%时的压缩应力。
导热系数测定:按照GB/T10294规定方法进行检测。
表1
极限氧指数/% | 抗拉强度/MPa | 压缩强度/KPa | 导热系数/(W/(m<sup>.</sup>K) | |
实施例1 | 43.9 | 0.292 | 173 | 0.028 |
实施例2 | 44.5 | 0.354 | 194 | 0.031 |
实施例3 | 44.3 | 0.307 | 186 | 0.029 |
对比例1 | 43.2 | 0.203 | 164 | 0.033 |
对比例2 | 44.1 | 0.135 | 151 | 0.039 |
从上述数据可以看出,本申请各实施生产的EPS泡沫包装材料的力学性能显著优于对比例中的性能。
上述参照实施例对一种EPS泡沫包装材料及其制备方法进行的详细描述,是说明性的而不是限定性的,可按照所限定范围列举出若干个实施例,因此在不脱离本发明总体构思下的变化和修改,应属本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种EPS泡沫包装材料,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的原料:改性聚苯乙烯树脂100份、聚丙烯醇10~20份、壳聚糖5~15份、聚磷酸铵5~10份、聚乙二醇1~3份、发泡剂3~6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的EPS泡沫包装材料,其特征在于,改性聚苯乙烯树脂100份、聚丙烯醇12~18份、壳聚糖7~13份、聚磷酸铵7~9份、聚乙二醇2~3份、发泡剂4~5份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的EPS泡沫包装材料,其特征在于,所述改性聚苯乙烯树脂的制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
A、将盐酸多巴胺按照1g:300~450mL的质量体积比溶解在pH为7.5~8.0的三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷水溶液中,得到混合溶液一;
B、向混合溶液一中加入聚苯乙烯树脂,超声震荡1~2h,得到混合溶液二;
C、加热混合溶液二至60~70℃,搅拌12~24h,经离心、洗涤、过滤、干燥,得到所述改性聚苯乙烯树脂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的EPS泡沫包装材料,其特征在于,所述三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷水溶液的浓度为0.05~0.15g/mL。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的EPS泡沫包装材料,其特征在于,所述发泡剂为二氯二氟甲烷、二氯四氟乙烷、十二烷基硫酸钠中的任意一种。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的EPS泡沫包装材料,其特征在于,所述脱模剂为、滑石粉、甘油中的任意一种。
7.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的EPS泡沫包装材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)对改性聚苯乙烯树脂进行预发泡;
(2)在75~85℃,将配方量的聚丙烯醇、壳聚糖分散在5~8倍的水中,搅拌混合均匀;
(3)保持温度不变,向步骤(2)中加入配方量的聚磷酸铵、聚乙二醇,高速搅拌混合20~30min;
(4)保持温度不变,向步骤(3)中加入预发泡的改性聚苯乙烯树脂和发泡剂,继续高速搅拌20~30min,得到混合浆料;
(5)将混合浆料加入模具中成型;
(6)对成型后的EPS泡沫包装材料进行烘干。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述高速搅拌的速度为700~800r/min。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中,将承装了混合浆料的模具于压力400~420kPa、温度140~145℃水蒸气发泡1~2h,然后将模具静置并自然冷却至室温,脱模。
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