CN113024666A - 具有广谱性识别a型流感病毒np蛋白的单克隆抗体及其应用 - Google Patents
具有广谱性识别a型流感病毒np蛋白的单克隆抗体及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了2株具有广谱性识别A型流感病毒NP蛋白的单克隆抗体及其应用。所述的单克隆抗体分别命名为3D4(CCTCCNO:C202177)、4B9(CCTCCNO:C202176),3D4的重链及轻链可变区的氨基酸序列分别如SEQ ID No.1和SEQ ID No.3所示,4B9重链及轻链可变区的氨基酸序列分别如SEQ ID No.5和SEQ ID No.3所示。本发明公开的2株单克隆抗体分别针对NP蛋白的不同抗原表位,除了均能够与H1~H11等不同HA亚型的禽流感病毒发生反应,还均能够结合H1和H3亚型的猪流感与人流感病毒,在识别不同亚型、不同宿主来源的A型流感病毒中均呈现良好的广谱性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,主要涉及两株可稳定分泌具有广谱性识别A型流感病毒NP蛋白单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,同时涉及该两株杂交瘤细胞株所分泌的两种单克隆抗体及其应用。
背景技术
正黏病毒科的流感病毒可分为A、B、C、D四型,其中A型流感病毒(Influenza Avirus,IAV)感染的宿主范围最为广泛,包括人、禽、猪、马、犬等多种动物,并能造成流感的大流行,无论是对畜禽养殖还是人类健康均造成了极为严重的危害(Shuo Su,Min Gu,DiLiu,et al.Epidemiology,Evolution,and Pathogenesis of H7N9 Influenza Virusesin Five Epidemic Waves since 2013in China[J].Trends in Microbiology,2017,25(9):713-728)。IAV的基因组由8个分节段的单股负链RNA构成,分别为PB2、PB1、PA、HA、NP、NA、M和NS基因节段,共编码包括血凝素HA、神经氨酸酶NA等在内的10余种蛋白。其中,核衣壳蛋白NP与基质蛋白M1的抗原性差异是不同型别流感病毒的分型依据;而HA和NA的抗原性差异又可作为进一步区分IAV不同亚型的依据(Jeffery KTaubenberger and JohnCKash.Influenza Virus Evolution,Host Adaptation,and Pandemic Formation[J].Cell Host&Microbe,2010,7(6):440-451)。目前报道,IAV存在H1-H18共18种HA亚型和N1-N11共11种NA亚型(Khristine Kaith S Lloren,Taehyung Lee,Jin Jung Kwon,etal.Molecular Markers for Interspecies Transmission of Avian Influenza Virusesin Mammalian Hosts[J].International journal of molecular sciences,2017,18(12):2706)。禽流感病毒中,H9N2、H7N9和包括H5N1、H5N6等多种NA亚型的H5NX是全球范围内严重影响禽类生产的主要亚型,同时它们也因造成了不少人感染甚至死亡的病例而具有相当的公共卫生意义(John Steel and Anice C Lowen.Influenza A virusreassortment[J].Current topics in microbiology and immunology,2014,385:377-401)。在人流感病毒和猪流感病毒中,主要流行的是H1N1和H3N2亚型,该两种亚型均导致过人类的流感大流行并成为了引起季节性流感的稳定组份(https://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/en/);猪群中流行的欧亚类禽(Eurasianavian-like,EA)H1N1病毒还被指出是最有可能引起下一次人类流感大流行的动物流感病毒(Huanliang Yang,Yan Chen,Chuanling Qiao,et al.Prevalence,genetics,andtransmissibility in ferrets of Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenzaviruses[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2016,113(2):392-397)。此外,随着H10N8、H6N1等低致病性禽流感病毒也被报道可以直接跨种传播到人并致病,研究人员推测任何一种禽流感病毒亚型都可能具有成为人畜共患病原的潜能(Damien A M Philippon,Peng Wu,Benjamin JCowling,et al.Avian Influenza Human Infections at the Human-AnimalInterface[J].J Infect Dis.2020,222(4):528-537)。因此,亟需建立一种高效、快速,并能够广谱性识别IAV的检测方法,这对于有效预防和控制禽流感、猪流感、人流感等不同宿主来源的人畜流感,以及可能的流感疫情的早期预警,均具有重要的现实意义(Qian Xiao,Zhenwei Bi,Lu Yao,et al.Novel protein microarray for the detection of avianinfluenza virus antibodies and simultaneous distinction of antibodies againstH5 and H7 subtypes[J].Avian Pathology,2019,48(6):528-536)。
常规地用于诊断人畜感染IAV的病原学检测方法中,通过鸡胚或细胞接种并经血凝和血凝抑制试验来进行病毒的分离鉴定所需试验周期长(雷莉辉.影响血凝试验和血凝抑制试验的因素分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2013,40(06):244-246),普通PCR和琼脂免疫扩散试验(agar gel immunodiffusion,AGID)的灵敏度相对较低,均不适合应用于快速检测;实时荧光定量PCR(王楷宬,王素春,朱琳,等.禽流感病毒实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法的建立[J].中国动物检疫,2019,36(04):64-69.)、免疫荧光试验(Immunofluorescence assay,IFA)、酶联免疫吸附试验(Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)、免疫胶体金技术(蔺俐仲,徐春志,靳朝.免疫胶体金技术及其在兽医临床上的应用[J].动物医学进展,2007(02):106-109)等则因其易于操作、灵敏度高、能在较短时间内获得结果而越来越多地应用于病原的快速检测。然而,值得注意的是,检测用抗体广谱性识别IAV的能力直接决定了IFA、ELISA、胶体金等诊断方法的有效性。研究表明,NP蛋白在不同亚型的IAV中均具有良好的保守性,并且是免疫原性较强的内部抗原(Yanmei Hu,Hannah Sneyd,Raphael Dekant,et al.Influenza a virus nucleoprotein:a highly conserved multi-functionalviral protein as a hot antiviral drug target[J].Curr Top Med Chem,2017,17(20):2271-2285),其作为流感的诊断抗原较为理想。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术存在的问题,本发明通过融合杂交瘤技术制备获得了特异性针对IAV NP蛋白并具有广谱性识别不同亚型禽流感病毒、猪流感病毒和人流感病毒的单克隆抗体(单抗),这些单抗的成功获得,为不同宿主感染IAV的快速诊断奠定了重要基础,有利于IAV快速检测试剂的进一步开发与应用。本发明利用上述单抗,建立一种可以快速检测A型流感病毒的双抗夹心ELISA方法,该方法在特异性试验、广谱性试验中表现较好,将为IAV的实验室检测及大规模快速检测提供便利。
本发明了提供了两种具有广谱性识别不同亚型、不同宿主来源A型流感病毒NP蛋白的单克隆抗体,是3D4、4B9,其中,所述单克隆抗体3D4的重链可变区的氨基酸序列如SEQID No.1所示,其轻链可变区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.3所示;所述单克隆抗体4B9的重链可变区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.5所示,其轻链可变区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.3所示。
本发明中所述的单克隆抗体3D4由杂交瘤细胞株CCTCCNO:C202177产生;所述单克隆抗体4B9由杂交瘤细胞株CCTCCNO:C202176产生。
本发明还提供了所述的单克隆抗体3D4、4B9在制备A型流感病毒检测试剂中的应用。
本发明还提供了一种检测A型流感病毒的双抗夹心ELISA检测试剂盒,所述的试剂盒中含有所述的单克隆抗体3D4和4B9;其中,3D4为捕获抗体,HRP标记的单抗4B9为检测抗体。
本发明杂交瘤细胞株的制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
以灭活的、经超速离心浓缩纯化的H5N1亚型禽流感病毒A/chicken/Anhui/QD1/2014(QD1)作为免疫原,免疫6~8周龄的雌性BALB/c小鼠;按照常规杂交瘤技术,取免疫小鼠的脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞(SP2/0)进行融合;通过间接ELISA和IFA试验筛选、鉴定针对NP蛋白的阳性杂交瘤细胞,进一步采用有限稀释法对阳性孔细胞进行4次克隆纯化,最终挑选出两株具有高抗体分泌水平的杂交瘤细胞株,命名为3D4、4B9。
本发明的特点和优点在于:本发明公开了两种抗IAV NP蛋白的单抗3D4、4B9,该单抗分别由杂交瘤细胞3D4、4B9分泌产生,可以应用于对NP蛋白或IAV的检测,不仅特异性强、灵敏度高,而且具有良好的广谱性。所述两种单抗除了均能够与包括H5NX、H7N9、H9N2等在内H1-H11的不同HA亚型禽流感病毒发生反应,还能够与H1和H3亚型的猪流感与人流感病毒结合,可用于进一步制备不同亚型、不同宿主来源IAV的通用型检测试剂盒,为临床和实验室IAV样本的快速检测提供有力工具。
附图说明
图1为单抗对NP蛋白真核表达质粒转染293T细胞的IFA鉴定图。
图2为单抗与IAV的AGID结果图。
图3为单抗的Western blot鉴定图。
图4为单抗与IAV在CEF细胞上的IFA反应图。
图5为单抗(以3D4为例)与不同亚型、不同宿主来源IAV在MDCK细胞上的IFA反应图。
图6为单抗SDS-PAGE检测结果图。
图7为单抗重链可变区与轻链可变区的PCR电泳图。
本发明中的杂交瘤细胞3D4于2021.年3月15日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心(地址:中国武汉大学),分类命名为杂交瘤细胞株3D4,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:C202177。
本发明中的杂交瘤细胞4B9于2021年3月15日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心(地址:中国武汉大学),分类命名为杂交瘤细胞株4B9,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:C202176。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,以使本领域的技术人员可以更好地理解本发明并能予以实施,但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。以下实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。所用材料、试剂若无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。所用的材料和试剂如下:
包被缓冲液(0.05mol/L碳酸钠-碳酸氢钠缓冲液,pH 9.6)、洗涤缓冲液(0.05%PBST,pH7.4)、封闭液(10%FBS或5%脱脂乳或1%明胶)以及终止液(2mol/L H2SO4溶液)等自行配制;TMB显色液(ELISA HRP显色用)为上海碧云天生物技术有限公司产品;Tween-20购于上海生工生物工程有限公司;二甲亚砜(DMSO)、弗氏完全佐剂、弗氏不完全佐剂、聚乙二醇1500(PEG1500)、HAT、HT、羊抗鼠IgG HRP为Sigma公司产品;DMEM培养基、胎牛血清为GIBCO公司产品;羊抗鼠IgG FITC、单克隆抗体亚类鉴定试剂盒(Mouse MonoclonalAntibody Isotyping Kit)、反转录酶(RT)购自Thermo Fisher Scientific公司;HRP标记试剂盒(HRP Labeling Kit)购自北京博奥龙免疫技术有限公司;细胞RNA提取试剂盒(RNApure超纯总RNA快速提取试剂盒)购自北京原平皓生物技术有限公司;RNA酶抑制剂(RNasin)、DNA Marker 200bp购自Takara Bio公司;高保真DNA聚合酶(2×TransStartFastPfuFly PCR SuperMix)购自北京全式金公司。
实施例一
杂交瘤细胞株3D4、4B9的获得:
免疫原的制备
选择2.3.4.4进化分支的H5N1亚型禽流感病毒株A/chicken/Anhui/QD1/2014(QD1)进行10倍系列稀释,取10-6稀释度以0.2mL/胚的剂量接种10日龄SPF鸡胚,48h收取HA效价≥7的鸡胚尿囊液。将收集到的尿囊液用β-丙内酯以3000:1的比例混合,置于4℃垂直震荡24h进行灭活。灭活后的尿囊液以10000r/min、4℃高速离心30min,再用针管将吸取的全部上清沿管壁缓慢加入预先以20%蔗糖溶液垫底的离心管中,30000r/min、4℃超速离心2h后弃去上清。接下来,用4℃保存的无菌PBS缓冲液将超离后的沉淀进行重悬并补满离心管,再次以30000r/min、4℃超速离心2h并弃去上清,目的是脱去病毒溶液中的蔗糖,进一步将所得沉淀用4℃保存的无菌PBS缓冲液再度重悬,PBS缓冲液的用量大约是纯化前尿囊液量的1/50。对纯化浓缩后病毒液的HA效价进行测定,并经0.45μm滤器过滤后进行分装,保存于-70℃冰箱,备用。
动物免疫
取适量上述纯化的全病毒与弗氏完全佐剂1:1混合,按5000r/min、匀浆15s计1次,共匀浆6次使其充分乳化;采用皮下多点注射的方式以0.2mL/鼠的剂量免疫6周龄BALB/c小鼠。按照2周免疫一次的间隔频率进行三次免疫,第二、三次免疫均使用弗氏不完全佐剂与病毒等体积混合,乳化均匀后,仍通过皮下多点注射对小鼠进行免疫。于融合前第3天,以腹腔注射全病毒的方式再对小鼠进行加强免疫。其中,第三次免疫后7d,取小鼠尾静脉血获得三免血清,并用血凝抑制试验和ELISA试验测定血清中的抗体效价,血凝抑制滴度达到7log2、ELISA效价达到1:100000即可融合。
细胞融合
细胞融合前10d复苏SP2/0细胞,待细胞状态稳定后扩大培养到合适的数量备用;融合前3d,以腹腔注射0.2mL纯化病毒的方式,加强免疫三免血清抗体效价高的小鼠;融合前1d,取8周龄的阴性雄性ICR小鼠,以眼球采血的方式处死小鼠,并收集其血清作为阴性对照;进一步将小鼠置于75%酒精中浸泡10min后取仰卧位固定于解剖板,剪开小鼠腹部皮肤暴露腹膜;用10mL注射器吸取10mL含15%胎牛血清(FBS)的DMEM HAT培养基缓慢注射入腹腔,持酒精棉球轻轻按摩腹部并回抽腹腔内液体,与适量HAT培养基混合后以100μL/孔的量分装于96孔细胞培养板中备用;融合前将小鼠眼球采血收集阳性血清,脱颈处死后置于75%酒精中,浸泡10min后固定于解剖台上;无菌取出小鼠脾脏并用不完全DMEM培养基洗去表面多余的结缔组织和脂肪;随后将脾细胞转移至细胞筛网上研磨,收集研磨后的脾细胞悬液到离心管中,放入5%~10%CO2、37℃培养箱中静置10~15min;同时,用不完全DMEM培养基将SP2/0细胞轻轻吹下,收集到50mL的融合管中;将上述制备的脾细胞转移至该融合管中进行混合,1000r/min低速离心10min后去除上清,手掌轻擦融合管底部使细胞分散,在37℃水浴环境中缓慢加入1mL预热至37℃的PEG1500使二者完成融合,由慢到快滴加无抗无血清DMEM培养基中止融合反应;将融合管于37℃静置10min后离心弃上清,用15%FBS的DMEMHAT培养基重悬细胞沉淀,以100μL/孔的量均匀滴加至底面铺有饲养细胞的96孔细胞板中,于5%~10%CO2、37℃培养箱中培养;5d后用新鲜的HAT培养基进行半换液;7~10d后用HT培养基进行全换液;待其细胞培养上清变黄或细胞分布至孔底面积1/10以上时,可通过吸取细胞上清检测抗体来进行杂交瘤细胞的筛选。
ELISA检测方法的建立
为筛选阳性杂交瘤细胞株,采用经灭活纯化的全病毒作为包被抗原建立ELISA检测方法,具体步骤如下:将包被抗原(本步骤所用抗原是上述自制免疫原)用PBS以1:50倍稀释作为起始稀释浓度,在酶标板上纵向2倍倍比稀释至1:6400,100μL/孔4℃过夜包被酶标板;用PBST洗涤3次,每次5min,拍干;用PBST配制5%的脱脂乳,200μL/孔、37℃封闭2h,同上述方法洗涤并拍干;将小鼠阳性血清用PBS以1:100倍稀释作为起始稀释浓度,在酶标板上横向2倍倍比稀释至1:204800,100μL/孔37℃孵育1h,同上述方法洗涤并拍干;加入1:5000的羊抗鼠HRP-IgG,100μL/孔37℃孵育1h,同上述方法洗涤并拍干;避光加入TMB显色液100μL/孔,37℃避光作用10~15min;避光加入2M H2SO4 50μL/孔终止反应;测定450nm处的吸光值,选择OD450值在1.0左右,且P/N值最大孔的抗原稀释倍数和阳性血清稀释倍数作为两者的最佳稀释倍数。最终确定包被抗原的最佳稀释度为1:800,小鼠阳性血清的最佳稀释度为1:12800。
杂交瘤细胞的筛选
采用上述建立的ELISA检测方法,以经灭活纯化的QD1病毒作为包被抗原,取待检的杂交瘤细胞上清作为一抗,同时设立工作浓度的阳性血清对照和阴性血清对照,TMB显色后用酶标仪测定450nm处的吸光值,将P/N值≥2.1的细胞孔作为阳性细胞孔。第一次筛选的阳性细胞率较高,558个杂交瘤细胞孔中筛得约70%的细胞孔为阳性;经过第二次和第三次筛选,最终得到41个三次检测的P/N值均≥2.1的杂交瘤细胞孔,判定为阳性杂交瘤细胞。
为进一步筛选特异性针对NP蛋白的杂交瘤细胞,又对获得的阳性杂交瘤细胞取其上清进行了IFA试验。将实验室前期构建的pHW2000-QD1-NP真核表达质粒转染293T细胞,36h后弃去细胞上清,用4℃预冷的PBS洗涤3次,再以4%多聚甲醛于4℃固定20min;弃去固定液,待其自然挥发后,用PBST配制5%脱脂乳于室温中静置1h进行封闭;弃去封闭液,PBST洗涤3次,每次5min。吸取待检的杂交瘤细胞上清作为一抗,4℃过夜孵育,按上述方法洗涤3次;加入用PBST进行1:500倍稀释的FITC标记的羊抗鼠IgG荧光二抗,避光常温摇床孵育1h,同上洗涤3次后置于显微镜下观察结果。如图1所示,杂交瘤细胞3D4(图1A)、4B9(图1B)分泌的上清和小鼠阳性血清(图1D)均能够与真核表达的QD1病毒的NP蛋白反应发出绿色荧光;而正常293T细胞(图1C)无荧光反应。因此,成功筛选出两株可识别NP蛋白的杂交瘤细胞,分别为3D4、4B9。
阳性杂交瘤细胞的亚克隆
采用有限稀释法对杂交瘤细胞进行克隆化:首先用含15%FBS的DMEM培养基分别将阳性杂交瘤细胞3D4、4B9孔内的细胞轻轻吹下,各吸出100μL细胞悬液移到新的96孔板的第1列第1孔,并在第1列由上至下用DMEM培养基2倍倍比稀释细胞,置于培养箱中稍作静置后计数,选择细胞量60~100的孔,吹下孔内的细胞转移至装有4mL DMEM培养基的离心管中混匀配成杂交瘤细胞悬液,以100μL/孔的量铺于细胞板的第2~3列;补加培养基至4mL再次混匀,以100μL/孔的量铺于细胞板的第4~5列;同上述方法再次稀释细胞悬液,并依次铺于第6~7列、8~10列、11~12列,放入5%~10%CO2、37℃培养箱中培养。第4~6d观察细胞生长状况,标记好单个细胞集落的培养孔;第10d左右检测各孔上清液中的抗体水平,选取抗体滴度最高的单细胞孔,再次进行克隆化。如此重复操作3~5次,直至单个细胞克隆孔的抗体检测阳性率为100%。其中融合孔阳性杂交瘤细胞3D4、4B9上清在450nm处的吸光值依次为2.164、1.773;经过四次亚克隆后,杂交瘤细胞3D4、4B9上清的抗体检测阳性率均为100%,在450nm处的OD值均在2.5左右。
实施例二
腹水的制备
取经产的BALB/c母鼠,腹腔注射灭菌液体石蜡0.3~0.5mL/只,7~10d后,每只鼠腹腔注射约1×106个杂交瘤细胞。5d后每天观察母鼠腹部,待其出现明显膨大后用16#针头采集腹水,经5000r/min离心5min后,吸取上清测定抗体效价并分装保存于-70℃冰箱。
亚类鉴定及ELISA效价测定
按照SIGMA公司的小鼠单克隆抗体亚类鉴定试剂盒说明书,对获得的两株单抗进行亚类鉴定;结果如表1所示,3D4和4B9均为IgG2b亚类。同样以QD1病毒作为包被抗原,用间接ELISA试验对杂交瘤细胞上清和小鼠腹水效价进行测定;结果表1所示,3D4、4B9的杂交瘤细胞上清ELISA效价均为1:8000,腹水ELISA效价均为1:1280000。
表1单抗3D4和4B9的基本特性测定
实施例三
单抗的AGID检测
选择免疫原毒株QD1,经10-6稀释后以0.2mL/胚的剂量接种10日龄SPF鸡胚,36~48h收取HA效价≥7的鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜;冻融三次后匀浆离心,取上清液经甲醛灭活来制备标准抗原。用pH7.2的0.01M磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)配制含8%NaCl的1%琼脂,高压灭菌后趁热倒入平皿,凝固后按照7孔一组的梅花圆形打两组孔,孔径为4mm,孔距为3mm;挑出孔中琼脂后,用酒精灯轻烧平皿底部,使孔底部边缘稍融化,以封底。将3D4、4B9腹水稀释成1:2、1:4、1:8、1:16、1:32、1:64的不同稀释度,以顺时针方向依次分别逐个加入周边孔,中间孔内加标准抗原,加液量要注意刚好与琼脂凝胶平面相平但不溢出。加样完成后,将平皿放入湿盒,置于37℃温箱中反应,分别在12、24、36、48、60、72h观察并记录结果。如图2所示,在加样后36h,可以观察到3D4(图2A)、4B9(图2B)两组梅花孔的中心抗原孔与稀释倍数为1:8的周边抗体孔中间,均出现了一条清晰的白色沉淀线。因此,3D4、4B9这两株单抗均可用于AGID试验,其AGID效价分别均为1:8。
实施例四
单抗的Western blot检测
将免疫原QD1毒株以0.1MOI剂量感染MDCK细胞,24h后收集细胞裂解物,同时收集未接毒的细胞样品作为阴性对照;制备的蛋白样品与一定量的上样缓冲液混合后煮沸5min,按10μL/孔的量上样后进行SDS-PAGE,用常规湿转的方法转印至PVDF膜上;将膜在室温下以5%脱脂乳封闭2h后,用5%脱脂乳作1:2000稀释的小鼠腹水作为一抗,4℃摇床孵育过夜;TBST洗膜3次,每次5min后,用TBST作1:5000稀释的羊抗鼠IgG-HRP为二抗,室温摇床孵育1h;同上3次洗膜后,经超敏ECL显影,成像仪观测结果。如图3所示,未接毒的MDCK细胞样品中均无条带,其中选择3D4的阴性对照为代表;接种QD1的细胞样品中,孵育单抗3D4(图3A)后,在55kDa处产生明显的单一条带,大小与NP蛋白相同,表明单抗3D4是特异性针对NP蛋白;而孵育单抗4B9(图3B)后无明显条带,表明单抗4B9可能针对的是NP蛋白的构象表位。因此,3D4具Western blot特性,可用于Western blot试验。
实施例五
单抗的IFA检测
将免疫原QD1毒株以0.1MOI剂量感染CEF细胞,同时设未接毒的CEF作为阴性对照,24h后弃去细胞上清,按前述方法进行固定和封闭,并以PBST作1:200稀释的小鼠腹水3D4、4B9以及小鼠阳性血清分别作为一抗进行IFA试验,方法同上。结果如图4所示,3D4(图4A)、4B9(图4B)和小鼠阳性血清(图4D)均能使QD1感染的CEF细胞呈现绿色荧光;而正常CEF细胞(图4C)无荧光反应。因此,3D4、4B9单抗均具有IFA特性,可用于IFA试验。
实施例六
单抗的广谱性检测
通过IFA试验对3D4、4B9单抗识别IAV的广谱性进行了测定。分别选择不同HA亚型的H1-H11禽流感病毒,包括不同HA进化分支、不同NA亚型的H5NX病毒(2.3.2.1分支H5N1、7.2分支H5N2、2.3.4.4分支H5N6和H5N8禽流感病毒)(Zhujun Zhang,Dong Liu,WenqiangSun,et al.Multiplex one-step Real-time PCR by Taqman-MGB method for rapiddetection of pan and H5 subtype avian influenza viruses[J].PLoS One.2017,12(6):e0178634),不同进化谱系的H1和H3亚型猪流感病毒(欧亚类禽型H1N1、2009大流行型H1N1和类人型H3N2猪流感病毒)(Guo Zhao,Qunping Fan,Lei Zhong,et al.Isolationand phylogenetic analysis of pandemic H1N1/09influenza virus from swine inJiangsu province of China[J].Res Vet Sci.2012,93(1):125-32;Zhao Guo,PanJinjin,Gu Xiaobing,et al.Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of avian-originEuropean H1N1 swine influenza viruses in Jiangsu,China[J].Virus Genes.2012,44(2):295-300)和人流感病毒(2009大流行型H1N1、季节性H1N1和季节性H3N2人流感病毒)感染MDCK细胞,24h后弃去细胞上清,按前述方法进行固定和封闭,并以PBST作1:200稀释的小鼠腹水3D4、4B9分别作为一抗进行IFA试验,方法同上。结果如图5所示(仅以3D4为例),分别以H1N1亚型禽流感病毒(图5A)、H2N3亚型禽流感病毒(图5B)、H3N2亚型禽流感病毒(图5C)、H4N6亚型禽流感病毒(图5D)、2.3.2.1分支H5N1亚型禽流感病毒(图5E)、7.2分支H5N2亚型禽流感病毒(图5F)、2.3.3.4分支H5N6亚型禽流感病毒(图5G)、2.3.3.4分支H5N8亚型禽流感病毒(图5H)H6N2亚型禽流感病毒(图5I)、H7N9亚型禽流感病毒(图5J)、H8N4亚型禽流感病毒(图5K)、H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(图5L)、H10N7亚型禽流感病毒(图5M)、H11N9亚型禽流感病毒(图5P)感染MDCK细胞,均可见明显的绿色荧光;不仅如此,分别以欧亚类禽型H1N1猪流感病毒(图5Q)、2009大流行型H1N1猪流感病毒(图5R)和类人型H3N2猪流感病毒(图5S)以及2009大流行型H1N1人流感病毒(图5T)、季节性H1N1人流感病毒(图5U)和季节性H3N2人流感病毒(图5V)感染MDCK细胞,也均可见明显的绿色荧光反应;而与未接毒的正常MDCK细胞则无荧光反应。因此,3D4、4B9单抗与不同亚型、不同宿主来源的A型流感病毒均具有良好的结合性,广谱性强。
实施例七
单抗的纯化及辣根过氧化物酶(horse radish peroxidase,HRP)标记
采用Protein G亲和层析柱方法纯化腹水,亲和层析过程如下:用10倍柱体积纯水流洗AKTA purifier液相层析系统,以去除层析系统中酒精,流速设置5mL/min;在层析系统上组装好protein G亲和层析柱(组装时流速0.5mL/min),用5倍柱体积纯水流洗,去protein G亲和层析柱中的乙醇,流速设置5mL/min;用10倍柱体积的结合buffer平衡柱子,流速设置5mL/min;将处理好的腹水(约30mL)上样,流速设置2mL/min;用10倍柱体积的结合buffer洗去柱中未结合的蛋白,流速设置3mL/min;用5倍柱体积的洗脱buffer,洗脱柱中已结合的蛋白,流速设置1mL/min;当观察到基线开始上升,即出现洗脱峰时,进行收集;当洗脱峰回到基线后,用10倍柱体积的洗脱buffer清洗层析柱,流速设置5mL/min。用5倍柱体积的结合buffer对层析柱进行再平衡,流速设置5mL/min;用5倍柱体积的20%乙醇进行封柱,流速设置5mL/min,层析柱放于4℃保存。纯化后的3D4、4B9其SDS-PAGE结果如图6所示,M为Maker,2、4为3D4、4B9杂交瘤细胞诱导的小鼠腹水,1、3为3D4、4B9腹水的纯化产物。
将纯化后的单抗用HRP标记试剂盒进行标记,步骤详见产品说明书。
实施例八
双抗夹心ELISA方法的建立
捕获抗体和检测抗体的最佳配对确定将纯化后的3D4、4B9作为捕获抗体,分别以10μg/mL的浓度包被酶标板,HRP标记的单抗4倍倍比稀释(100倍~12800倍)分别作为检测抗体,进行夹心ELISA实验,结果如表2所示,3D4作为包被抗原时,HRP-4B9可以稀释到12800倍仍为阳性,因此最终确定最佳捕获抗体为3D4,最佳检测抗体为HRP-4B9。
表2包被单抗与HRP标记单抗的配对
将捕获抗体纵向以2倍的浓度梯度包被,从10μg/mL至0.313μg/mL,检测抗体以横向2倍倍比稀释的方法从1:2000稀释至1:128000;如表3所示,最终选择1.25μg/mL为单抗的包被浓度、1:8000为HRP标记单抗的稀释倍数,此时实验孔450nm处的吸光值在1.0左右,阴性对照孔450nm处的吸光值小于0.2,且P/N值为最大。
表3包被单抗与HRP标记单抗的最佳稀释倍数
反应条件的优化分别对捕获抗体包被时间(4℃过夜、37℃1h、37℃1.5h、37℃2h、37℃2.5h、37℃3h)、封闭液的选择及浓度(10%FBS、5%脱脂乳、1%明胶)、封闭时间(37℃1h、37℃1.5h、37℃2h、37℃2.5h、37℃3h)、抗原反应时间(37℃0.5h、37℃1h、37℃1.5h、37℃2h、37℃2.5h)、检测抗体反应时间(37℃15min、37℃30min、37℃45min、37℃1h、37℃1h15min、37℃1h30min)、TMB反应时间(5min、10min、15min、20min)进行优化,同时设立空白对照,并根据P/N值确定最佳反应条件。结果显示捕获抗体最佳包被时间为4℃过夜包被,最佳封闭液为1%明胶,最佳封闭时间为37℃2h,最佳抗原反应时间为37℃2h,检测抗体反应时间为37℃1h,TMB反应时间为15min。
阴阳性临界值的确定选取10份未感染IAV的正常SPF鸡胚尿囊液作为阴性样本,并各设立两个重复,按照本研究优化后的ELISA反应条件进行检测。计算阴性样品OD450nm的平均值为0.050,则当样品OD450nm值>2.1倍的阴性对照平均值,即为大于0.105时,判为阳性;当样品OD450nm值<0.105时,判为阴性。
特异性试验利用本研究建立的双抗夹心ELISA检测方法,分别对IAV阳性尿囊液、B型流感病毒(Flu B)阳性尿囊液、NDV阳性尿囊液及正常SPF鸡胚尿囊液(IAV阴性)进行ELISA方法的特异性评定。结果如表4所示,Flu B阳性尿囊液、NDV阳性尿囊液及IAV阴性尿囊液的OD450nm值均小于阴阳判定临界值0.105,特异性良好。
表4双抗夹心ELISA方法的特异性测定结果
广谱性试验利用本研究建立的双抗夹心ELISA检测方法,分别对不同亚型、不同宿主来源的IAV阳性尿囊液进行ELISA方法的广谱性评定。结果如表5所示,H1~H11亚型禽流感病毒、H1和H3亚型猪和人流感病毒尿囊液的OD450nm值均大于阴阳判定临界值0.105,广谱性良好。
表5双抗夹心ELISA方法对不同宿主来源、不同亚型A型流感病毒检测的广谱性
临床样品检测将本实验室保存的、经鸡胚尿囊腔接种已鉴定为IAV阳性的34份家禽泄殖腔拭子样品,利用本研究建立的双抗夹心ELISA方法进行检测。待测泄殖腔拭子于检测前以5000r/min离心5min处理,取100μL上清加入已包被好捕获抗体的酶标板中,使其均匀铺满孔底再行检测,将OD450nm值大于阴阳判定临界值0.105的样品判定为阳性样品。结果如表6所示,在临床样品检测中,本研究建立的ELISA方法能够完全检测出34份IAV阳性拭子样品、未发生错检、漏检,后期可进一步应用于临床样品的实际检测。
表6双抗夹心ELISA方法对IAV阳性拭子样品的检测结果
实施例九
单克隆抗体轻链和重链可变区基因的PCR扩增
利用RNA提取试剂盒提取3D4、4B9细胞株的总RNA,步骤详见产品说明书;将提取的细胞总RNA进行RT-PCR扩增,所得产物作为单克隆抗体3D4、4B9的cDNA模板,进行轻链和重链可变区基因的PCR扩增,反应体系为cDNA2μL,Mix12.5μL,上(下)游引物(10μmol/L)1μL,dd H2O8.5μL,总体积25μL;扩增条件为94℃预变性3min,94℃变性30s,61℃退火30s,72℃延伸30min,共30个循环,72℃最后延伸5min;扩增引物参考张雪等(张雪,谭强,赵文博,等.羊口疮病毒单抗可变区氨基酸序列及同源建模分析[J].中国兽医学报,2018,38(05):863-870)、李洪涛(李洪涛.抗H1亚型猪流感病毒单克隆抗体的制备及重链可变区基因的克隆[D].东北农业大学,2009)、郭春艳等(郭春艳,刘杨,封青,等.H1N1流感病毒HA蛋白抗原表位预测方法研究[J].中华实验和临床病毒学杂志,2018,32(01):93-97)文献报道,使用如表7所示的引物序列(SEQ ID NO.7~12)。其中,3D4与4B9的轻链可变区扩增均使用VL-F和VL-R这一对引物。取PCR产物进行1%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳,如图7所示,M为Maker,1、2分别为4B9、3D4重链可变区扩增产物(图7A),3、4分别为4B9、3D4轻链可变区扩增产物(图7B)。回收约400bp处的单一亮条带,送测序,结果所述单克隆抗体3D4的重链可变区的氨基酸序列和核苷酸序列分别如SEQ ID No.1和SEQ ID No.2所示,其轻链可变区的氨基酸序列和核苷酸序列分别如SEQ ID No.3和SEQ ID No.4所示;所述单克隆抗体4B9的重链可变区的氨基酸序列和核苷酸序列分别如SEQ ID No.5和SEQ ID No.6所示,其轻链可变区的氨基酸序列和核苷酸序列分别如SEQ ID No.3和SEQ ID No.4所示。
表7轻链和重链可变区基因扩增引物
注:K=G/T,M=A/C,R=A/G,S=G/C,W=A/T,Y=C/T。
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Claims (4)
1.具有广谱性识别不同亚型、不同宿主来源A型流感病毒NP蛋白的单克隆抗体3D4、4B9,其特征在于:所述单克隆抗体3D4的重链可变区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示,其轻链可变区的氨基酸序列分别如SEQ ID No.3所示;所述单克隆抗体4B9的重链可变区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.5所示,其轻链可变区的氨基酸序列分别如SEQ ID No.3所示。
2.根据权利要求1所述的单克隆抗体3D4、4B9,其特征在于,所述单克隆抗体3D4由保藏编号为CCTCCNO:C202177的杂交瘤细胞株3D4产生;所述单克隆抗体4B9由保藏编号为CCTCCNO:C202176的杂交瘤细胞株4B9产生。
3.权利要求1或2所述的单克隆抗体3D4、4B9在制备A型流感病毒检测试剂中的应用。
4.一种检测A型流感病毒的双抗夹心ELISA检测试剂盒,其特征在于:所述的试剂盒中含有权利要求1所述的单克隆抗体3D4和4B9;其中,3D4为捕获抗体,HRP标记的单抗4B9为检测抗体。
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