CN113024264A - 一种鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料 - Google Patents

一种鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料 Download PDF

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CN113024264A
CN113024264A CN201911247501.9A CN201911247501A CN113024264A CN 113024264 A CN113024264 A CN 113024264A CN 201911247501 A CN201911247501 A CN 201911247501A CN 113024264 A CN113024264 A CN 113024264A
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permanent layer
torpedo ladle
hollow particles
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洪建国
左康林
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Shanghai Meishan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料，主要解决现有鱼雷罐的导热系数高、运输铁水过程铁水温降大、与鱼雷罐罐钢壳体附着性能差的技术问题。本发明提供的鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料，其原料组分的重量百分比为：轻量化矾土35～44％，中空微粒25～35％，硅微粉16～25％，莫来石微粉6‑10％，菱苦土3‑5％，纳米铝粉2～8％，所述原料组分的重量百分比之和为100％；所述中空微粒为硅铝酸钠空心微珠；所述轻量化矾土的体积密度为1.7‑1.9g/cm3。本发明涂抹料制成的鱼雷罐永久层在600℃导热系数为0.022‑0.035W/(m·K)。

Description

一种鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料
技术领域
本发明涉及一种鱼雷罐用耐火材料，特别涉及一种鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料，具体而言，涉及一种鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料及其制备方法，属于钢铁工业热工设备用耐火材料技术领域。
背景技术
鱼雷罐是一种大型铁水运输设备，用于储存、运输铁水，以协调炼铁生产与炼钢生产临时出现的铁水、钢水不平衡状态，鱼雷罐运输的铁水温度为1300℃-1500℃，这对鱼雷罐耐材的耐火度、耐压强度、抗侵蚀均有很高的要求。鱼雷罐的工作层通常采用碳化硅砖砌筑而成，鱼雷罐的永久层通常采用粘土砖砌筑而成，粘土砖的导热系数为0.732W/(m·K)，相对偏高；鱼雷罐这种组合方式，导致鱼雷罐运输的铁水过程中，鱼雷罐内铁水温降大，高的可达150℃左右，导致大量的热能损失。
公开号CN1459345A的中国专利申请公开了一种新型中间包干式工作衬，该专利以镁砂、橄榄石砂、合成镁钙砂、钝化白云石砂、钝化石灰石砂、煅烧橄榄石砂为基本原料，以硫酸铝(Al2(SO4)3·18H2O)、聚合氯化铝(AlCl3·6H2O)、卤盐(MgCl2·6H2O)为结合剂，以铁鳞、粘土、纳米三氧化二铝为助烧结剂，经均匀混合制得干式衬材料；在现场通过中间包模胎施工，并以150～350℃烘烤1～3小时，脱掉模胎，即成工作衬。这种中间包工作衬与湿式喷涂料(或涂抹料)工作衬相比具有施工简便、能耗低、寿命高等特点；与绝热板工作衬相比具有不污染钢水、寿命高等特点；与含树脂结合剂的干式工作衬相比具有不污染环境、不污染钢水等特点。
公开号CN101284736A的中国专利申请公开了炼钢用防粘涂抹料及其制备方法，其特征在于所述的纳米涂抹料的质量百分组成为0－3mm废镁碳砖粉65－80％，废镁碳砖粉为10－30％，电熔镁粉5－30％；二氧化硅1－4％，α－Al2O3微粉1－4％，六偏磷酸钠0.1－1％，木质素磺酸钙0.1－0.8％，软质粘土1－5％，本发明提供的纳米涂抹料利用废镁碳砖中的石墨的润滑特性，可阻止熔渣渗透，表面不易挂渣，不仅有效利用废弃镁碳砖而且又延长涂抹料的使用寿命，降低了成本。
现有技术中也有鱼雷罐永久层的纳米涂抹料，该材料导热系数低，生产成本高，能起到一定的隔热效果，与鱼雷罐罐壳附着性不强，其使用寿命远低于鱼雷罐1200炉的使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料，主要解决现有鱼雷罐的导热系数高、运输铁水过程铁水温降大、与鱼雷罐罐钢壳体附着性能差的技术问题。
本发明的技术方案是，一种鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料，其原料组分的重量百分比为：轻量化矾土35～44％，中空微粒25～35％，硅微粉16～25％，莫来石微粉6-10％，菱苦土3-5％，纳米铝粉2～8％，所述原料组分的重量百分比之和为100％；所述中空微粒为硅铝酸钠空心微珠；所述轻量化矾土的体积密度为1.7-1.9g/cm3。
本发明所述的鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料的组分限定在上述范围内的理由如下：
因鱼雷罐的永久层、工作层均采用铝硅系耐火材料制成，本发明鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料采用铝硅物质为主，以防止碱性物质与酸性物质的反应。
轻量化矾土：本发明采用轻量化矾土作为纳米涂抹料骨料，轻量化矾土其化学组分为Al2O3·H2O，Al2O3·3H2O和少量的Fe2O3·SiO2,常被用于制造耐火材料，其高温强度高，抗熔渣侵蚀能力强，广泛应用于钢铁、有色等行业，一般的矾土其体密2.7-2.9g/cm3，本发明采用的体密为1.7-1.9g/cm3故称为轻量化矾土。
轻量化矾土是铝硅系的氧化物，其熔点为1800℃，其价格相对便宜。由于普通矾土导热性高，本发明采用了轻量化矾土，其体密1.7-1.9g/cm3，其若在涂抹料中过高，则导热系数会提升，达不到隔热效果并且施工困难；若含量太低，材料性能则发生变化，不能有效抵工作衬对其强度抵压。经多年研究，本发明轻量化矾土的重量百位含量为35％～44％；为了便于施工和保证施工质量，本发明控制轻量化矾土的粒径≤3.0mm。
中空微粒：为了进一步降低发明材料的导热系数采用了中空微粒，中空微粒是一种硅铝酸钠(2AlNaO3SiO·H2O)，呈全球状、连续粒径分布，粒径大小不同，本发明专利采用粒径小于等于10μm，为增强该材料的强度要求中空微粒的主要化学成分为Al2O3，中空微粒中Al2O3的重量百位含量为40-45％，其形成过程是二氧化硅、三氧化二铝与氢氧化钠反应生成难溶的硅铝酸钠，如下反应式，2SiO2+Al2O3+2NaOH＝Na2O·Al2O3·2SiO2·H2O。
中空微粒加入量太少起不到隔热的作用，加入太多，材料成型后的强度达不到要求，经多年研究，本发明控制隔热涂抹料内中空微粒的重量百位含量为25％～35％；为了便于施工和保证施工质量，本发明控制中空微粒的粒径≤8μm。
硅微粉：为了增强隔热涂抹料的凝固强度和降低材料中的水分，不采用传统材料中使用纯铝酸钙水泥作结合剂，而采用硅微粉，经多年研究，本发明控制硅微粉的重量百位含量为16％～25％。
莫来石微粉：因鱼雷罐工作层采用铝硅系耐火材料，隔热材料与工作层的结合性能，防止其与工作层结合度不强，同样采用成分为铝硅质的莫来石微粉，经多年研究，本发明控制莫来石微粉的重量百位含量为6-10％。
菱苦土：利用菱苦土(MgO)具有胶凝性特性，配加一定的量有利于增强其附着性从而降低其反弹率，加入量不能过多，过多则破坏原有的成分，过低则起不到应有的作用，经多年研究，本发明控制菱苦土的重量百位含量为3-5％。
纳米铝粉：因鱼雷罐罐壳为金属铁材料，为增强隔热材料与鱼雷罐罐壳的结合性能，防止其与鱼雷罐罐壳结合度不强，同样采用成分为其相似的纳米铝粉，经多年研究，本发明控制纳米铝粉的重量百位含量为2％～8％。
本发明纳米涂抹料的制备方法，包括，先对轻量化矾土和莫来石微粉进行称量配料混合，在混碾机内混合15～20分钟，然后再对其他四种组分进行称量配料加进混碾机，在混碾机内综合混合25～30分钟，再装入成品袋。
本发明隔热涂抹料的施工方法是：
在隔热涂抹料中加入少许的水，以便于涂抹为宜，加水量控制在4～5％，在鱼雷罐空罐的状态下，将隔热涂抹料涂抹到鱼雷罐钢制内壁处，采用多层涂抹，直至隔热涂抹料层的厚度为200-210cm，静养14小时，制成鱼雷罐的永久层；后在鱼雷罐的永久层表面砌筑鱼雷罐的工作层。
采用本发明涂抹料制成的鱼雷罐永久层在600℃导热系数为0.022-0.035W/(m·K)，现有粘土砖制成的鱼雷罐永久层在600℃导热系数为0.732W/(m·K)左右，两者的使用寿命相当。
本发明的鱼雷罐永久层的隔热涂抹料既能解决鱼雷罐隔热问题，又能解决与鱼雷罐罐壳附着性不强问题，使其与鱼雷罐同寿命。
本发明相比现有技术具有如下积极效果：1、本发明涂抹料制成的鱼雷罐永久层在600℃导热系数为0.022-0.035W/(m·K)，提高了鱼雷罐的保温性能，采用该保温材料后，装满铁水的鱼雷罐外壳温度能下降35℃及以上。2、本发明与鱼雷罐罐壳及工作层附着性强问题，能在整个鱼雷罐使用周期内都发挥隔热效果。3、本发明涂抹料的施工工艺简单，制成的鱼雷罐永久层的成本低。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例1～5对本发明做进一步说明，如表1所示。
一种鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料，其原料组分的重量百分比为：轻量化矾土35～44％，中空微粒25～35％，硅微粉16～25％，莫来石微粉6-10％，菱苦土3-5％，纳米铝粉2～8％，所述原料组分的重量百分比之和为100％。
表1本发明实施例涂抹料的原料组分，单位：重量百分比。
Figure BDA0002308062740000031
Figure BDA0002308062740000041
采用本发明涂抹料制成鱼雷罐永久层，实施例1-5在600℃导热系数分别为0.022W/(m·K)，0.028W/(m·K)，0.032W/(m·K)，0.033W/(m·K)，0.035W/(m·K)。并且在鱼雷罐使用1200炉同寿命内由于与鱼雷罐罐壳及工作层附着性强问题，在整个鱼雷罐使用周期内都发挥同样的隔热效果，同期未使用保温材料的鱼雷罐外壳温度为265℃，使用该材料后，实施例1-5使用的装满铁水的鱼雷罐外壳温度分别为225℃、227℃、221℃、230℃、223℃，实施后，减少铁水温降分别为40℃、38℃、44℃、35℃、42℃。
除上述实施例外，本发明还可以有其他实施方式。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案，均落在本发明要求的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料，其特征是，其原料组分的重量百分比为：轻量化矾土35～44％，中空微粒25～35％，硅微粉16～25％，莫来石微粉6-10％，菱苦土3-5％，纳米铝粉2～8％，所述原料组分的重量百分比之和为100％；所述中空微粒为硅铝酸钠空心微珠；所述轻量化矾土的体积密度为1.7-1.9g/cm3。
2.如权利要求1所述的鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料，其特征是，其原料组分的重量百分比为：轻量化矾土44％，中空微粒25％，硅微粉20％，莫来石微粉6％，菱苦土3％，纳米铝粉2％。
3.如权利要求1所述的鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料，其特征是，其原料组分的重量百分比为：轻量化矾土38％，中空微粒31％，硅微粉16％，莫来石微粉8％，菱苦土3％，纳米铝粉4％。
4.如权利要求1-3任一所述的鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料，其特征是，所述轻量化矾土的粒径≤3.0mm。
5.如权利要求1-3任一所述的鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料，其特征是，所述中空微粒的粒径≤8μm。
6.一种鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料，其特征是，所述涂抹料制成的鱼雷罐永久层在600℃导热系数为0.022-0.035W/(m·K)。
7.一种鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料的制备方法，其特征是，所述的方法包括以下步骤：
1)按涂抹料的配比对轻量化矾土和莫来石微粉进行称量配料，用混碾机将轻量化矾土和莫来石微粉进行混匀15～20分钟；所述涂抹料原料组分的重量百分比为：轻量化矾土35～44％，中空微粒25～35％，硅微粉16～25％，莫来石微粉6-10％，菱苦土3-5％，纳米铝粉2～8％，所述原料组分的重量百分比之和为100％；所述轻量化矾土的体积密度为1.7-1.9g/cm3；
2)按涂抹料的配比对中空微粒、硅微粉、菱苦土、纳米铝粉进行称量配料；所述中空微粒为硅铝酸钠空心微珠；
3)用混碾机将中空微粒、硅微粉、菱苦土、纳米铝粉与轻量化矾土和莫来石微粉的混合料混匀25～30分钟，得到纳米涂抹料成品，装入成品袋。
8.如权利要求7所述的鱼雷罐永久层用隔热涂抹料的制备方法，其特征是，所述轻量化矾土的粒径≤3.0mm；中空微粒的粒径≤8μm。
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CN102795843A (zh) * 2012-09-07 2012-11-28 厚波 高强度抗剥落耐磨陶瓷涂料及制备方法
CN105272301A (zh) * 2015-11-02 2016-01-27 武汉科技大学 一种鱼雷罐罐盖内衬及其制备方法
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