CN113020922B - Planetary gear machining process - Google Patents
Planetary gear machining process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113020922B CN113020922B CN202110300871.5A CN202110300871A CN113020922B CN 113020922 B CN113020922 B CN 113020922B CN 202110300871 A CN202110300871 A CN 202110300871A CN 113020922 B CN113020922 B CN 113020922B
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- planetary gear
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of gear machining, in particular to a planetary gear machining process. The specific technical scheme is as follows: a planetary gear machining process comprises the steps that a gear blank is clamped to a machine tool through a mechanical gripper and fixed, then a hole is drilled in the planetary gear blank through a U drill, and then the hole is roughly and finely turned through a turning tool; when the hole is finely turned, the two ends of the inner hole of the planet gear blank are turned into a bell mouth shape, and finally, an inner hole rolling cutter is used for rolling along the inner hole of the planet gear. The invention solves the problem of poor dimensional stability of the inner hole in the process of machining the inner hole of the planetary gear in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gear machining, in particular to a planetary gear machining process.
Background
Gears are important transmission components in mechanical devices, and are widely applied to various mechanical transmission mechanisms. The inner hole of the planetary gear is generally required to be drum-shaped in the middle and horn-mouth-shaped at two ends, the inner hole is not allowed to be machined after heating, and the roughness of the inner hole is required to reach Ra0.8. In the prior art, the inner hole of the planet gear is generally processed into a straight inner hole by rolling, and then the inner hole is deformed into a drum shape in the middle and horn mouth shapes at two ends by heat treatment. However, in the processing mode, the deformation difference of the inner holes is different due to different heat treatment deformations of different batches of materials, the process controllability is not high, and the quality of products with small diameter tolerance of the inner holes cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a planetary gear machining process, which solves the problem of poor dimensional stability of an inner hole in the planetary gear machining process in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a planetary gear machining process, which comprises the steps of clamping a gear blank onto a machine tool through a mechanical gripper, fixing the gear blank, drilling a hole in the planetary gear blank through a U drill, and roughly and finely turning the hole through a turning tool; when the hole is finely turned, the two ends of the inner hole of the planet gear blank are turned into a bell mouth shape, and finally, an inner hole rolling cutter is used for rolling along the inner hole of the planet gear.
Preferably, the hole rolling cutter includes the cutter arbor, the cutter arbor top is provided with the inclined plane towards its lateral wall direction, be provided with the conical head on the inclined plane, the top surface and the lateral wall of cutter arbor are stretched out to the pointed end of conical head.
Preferably, after the planetary gear is machined, the machined gear is taken out of the machine tool by the mechanical gripper, and then the machine tool washes scraps left by machining the gear on the gear positioning seat on the machine tool; the gripper then rotates and the raw gear blank is placed into the machine tool for machining.
Preferably, the machine tool comprises a base and a fixed shaft transversely fixed on the side wall of the base, a servo turret is arranged at a position corresponding to the fixed shaft, a plurality of gear fixing claws are arranged on the side wall close to the end face of the other end of the fixed shaft, the gear positioning seat is arranged at the center of the end face of the other end of the fixed shaft, and an opening of the gear positioning seat faces the servo turret.
Preferably, a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the scraps left after the gear machining is arranged in the fixed shaft, the cleaning mechanism comprises a first cavity arranged in the fixed shaft, a water storage tank is arranged in the first cavity, a water pump is connected to the water storage tank, and a water outlet end of the water pump is connected with a water outlet pipe; the fixed shaft is internally provided with a water outlet channel, the water outlet channel extends into the gear positioning seat, an outlet of the water outlet channel is communicated with a tooth groove on the gear positioning seat, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with the water outlet channel.
Preferably, the water storage tank is provided with a water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe penetrates through the fixed shaft and extends out of the fixed shaft, and the part of the water inlet pipe, which extends out of the fixed shaft, is provided with a valve.
Preferably, the inner wall of the water outlet channel positioned in the gear positioning seat is provided with a plurality of spiral grooves, and the water outlet ends of the spiral grooves penetrate through the water outlet ends of the water outlet channel.
Preferably, a second cavity is arranged in the fixed shaft, a driving mechanism for driving the rotation of the gear fixing claws is arranged in the second cavity, a plurality of strip-shaped grooves communicated with the end faces of the fixed shaft are formed in the side wall of the fixed shaft, a rotating shaft is fixed in each strip-shaped groove, the gear fixing claws are sleeved on the rotating shaft, a transmission plate is fixed at one end, connected with the rotating shaft, of each gear fixing claw respectively, and each transmission plate extends into the second cavity and is in sliding connection with the driving mechanism.
Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a push rod and a linkage column connected with the output end of the push rod, an arc-shaped groove taking the rotating shaft as the center of circle is arranged in the linkage column, a through hole communicated with the arc-shaped groove is arranged on the side wall of the linkage column, an arc-shaped plate connected through a connecting column is arranged at the other end of the transmission plate, the arc-shaped plate is positioned in the arc-shaped groove, the length of the arc-shaped plate is smaller than that of the arc-shaped groove, and the arc-shaped plate and the arc-shaped groove are concentric; the hole between the strip-shaped groove and the second cavity for the transmission plate to pass through is a flat conical hole.
Preferably, the mechanical gripper is movably arranged on the truss track, the mechanical gripper comprises a feeding gripper and a discharging gripper, the feeding gripper and the discharging gripper are respectively fixed on two right-angle surfaces of the first tripod, a rotary cylinder is arranged on an inclined surface of the first tripod, an output end of the rotary cylinder is arranged on an inclined surface of the second tripod, and a lifting mechanism for driving the mechanical gripper to lift is arranged on the top surface of the second tripod through a connecting plate.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts the rolling process to process the inner hole of the planet gear, thereby increasing the stability of the size of the inner hole of the planet gear. According to the invention, when the gear blank is placed in the gear positioning seat, the gear fixing claws on the fixing shaft are simultaneously rotated through the driving mechanism in the fixing shaft, so that the gear blank is fixed on the gear positioning seat. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the driving mechanism mainly comprises a push rod and a linkage column fixed on the output end of the push rod, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the linkage column, a through hole communicated with the arc-shaped groove is formed in the side wall of the linkage column, a transmission plate is fixed at one end of a gear fixing claw, the transmission plate is provided with an arc-shaped plate connected through a connecting column, the arc-shaped plate is located in the arc-shaped groove, the arc-shaped groove is concentric with a rotating shaft on the gear fixing claw, the push rod is driven to be opened or closed when in linear motion, the gear fixing claw is opened or closed when the gear fixing claw is achieved, the gear blank is also made to be in the process of machining, the stability of the gear blank is good, and the inner hole of the planetary gear cannot be machined to be deviated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process view of a planetary gear of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an inner hole rolling cutter;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a machine tool;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the gear positioning seat;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the mechanical back jaw on the truss track;
FIG. 6 is a view taken along line A-A of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a view from the direction A of FIG. 5 (view from the direction A of the gripper, with an even number of gear teeth);
FIG. 8 is a view of the robot gripper with odd-numbered gears;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a blanking paw;
in the figure: the device comprises a planetary gear 1, a limiting groove 2, a straight hole 3, a cutter bar 4, a conical head 5, a gear positioning seat 6, a base 7, a fixed shaft 8, a gear fixing claw 9, a first cavity 10, a water storage tank 11, a water pump 12, a water outlet pipe 13, a water outlet channel 14, a water inlet pipe 15, a spiral groove 16, a second cavity 17, a strip-shaped groove 18, a rotating shaft 19, a transmission plate 20, a push rod 21, a linkage column 22, an arc-shaped groove 23, an arc-shaped plate 24, a tapered hole 25, a truss track 26, a first tripod 27, a rotary cylinder 28, a second tripod 29, a linear sliding rail 30, a rack 31, a first sliding block 32, a sliding plate 33, a first motor 34, a fixed frame 35, a second motor 36, a z-axis vertical beam 37, a z-axis rack 38, a sliding rail 39, a second sliding block 40, a top plate 41, a connecting plate 42, a first three-jaw cylinder 43, a clamping jaw 44, a clamping groove 45, a limiting seat 46, a positioning column 47, a V-shaped groove 48, a second three-jaw cylinder 49, a third clamping groove 49, a clamping groove, Support plate 50, clamping column 51.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise indicated, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the invention discloses a planetary gear machining process, a gear blank is clamped and fixed on a machine tool through a mechanical gripper, then a hole is drilled on the planetary gear 1 blank through a U drill, and then the hole is roughly and finely turned through a turning tool; when the hole is finely turned, the two ends of the inner hole of the planet gear 1 blank are turned into a bell mouth shape, and finally, an inner hole rolling cutter is used for rolling along the inner hole of the planet gear 1. And one end of the planet gear blank is provided with a limiting groove 2 in the forging process. The machining process of the planet gear is shown in figure 1, and finally the middle part of an inner hole of the planet gear 1 is turned into a drum shape, and the two ends of the inner hole are in bell mouth shapes. Except for the specific structure of the cutter disclosed by the invention, other cutters without specific structures are all the existing equipment, meanwhile, the invention only discloses the cutter for machining the inner hole of the planetary gear, and the cutter for machining the outer part of the gear, the machining sequence and the machining method are not in the protection scope of the invention and are not described again. And the inner hole rolling cutter is mainly used for improving the roughness quality of the inner hole of the planetary gear and enabling the wall surface of the inner hole of the planetary gear to be smooth.
The inner hole rolling cutter comprises a cutter bar 4, wherein an inclined plane is arranged at the top end of the cutter bar 4 towards the side wall direction of the cutter bar, a conical head 5 is arranged on the inclined plane, and the tip of the conical head 5 extends out of the top surface and the side wall of the cutter bar 4. The tip of the conical head 5 is a cambered surface, so that the smoothness of the inner hole of the planetary gear is improved when the inner hole is rolled. The inner hole rolling cutter is arranged on a servo cutter tower, the servo cutter tower is in the prior art, and the servo cutter tower is not embodied in the attached drawing of the invention.
Further, after the planetary gear 1 is machined, the machined gear is taken out of the machine tool by the mechanical gripper, and then the machine tool washes chips left by the machined gear on the gear positioning seat 6 on the machine tool; the gripper then rotates and the raw gear blank is placed into the machine tool for machining.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: referring to fig. 3-4, the machine tool comprises a base 7 and a fixed shaft 8 transversely fixed on the side wall of the base 7, the base 7 is arranged in the housing of the machine tool, a servo turret is arranged in the housing of the machine tool and at a position corresponding to the fixed shaft 8, and different types of tools for processing the planetary gear are arranged on the servo turret. A plurality of gear fixing claws 9 are arranged on the side wall close to the end face of the other end of the fixing shaft 8, the gear fixing claws 9 are L-shaped, a gear positioning seat 6 is arranged at the center of the end face of the other end of the fixing shaft 8, and an opening of the gear positioning seat 6 faces the servo turret.
Wherein, the specific setting mode of gear stationary dog 9 and fixed axle 8 does: the lateral wall of fixed axle 8 is seted up the several and rather than communicating bar groove 18 of terminal surface, bar groove 18 internal fixation has pivot 19, pivot 19 transversely is fixed in bar groove 18, the cover is equipped with gear stationary dog 9 on the pivot 19, gear stationary dog 9 rotates for pivot 19, the one end that every gear stationary dog 9 and pivot 19 are connected is fixed with driving plate 20 respectively, the other end of driving plate 20 is provided with the arc 24 of connecting through the spliced pole connection, arc 24 and pivot 19 are concentric. The angle between the driving plate 20 and the gear holding pawl 19 is preferably equal to or smaller than 90 °, but may of course also be larger than 90 °, but not larger than 180 °.
Further, a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the scraps left after the gear machining is arranged in the fixed shaft 8, the cleaning mechanism comprises a first cavity 10 arranged in the fixed shaft 8, a water storage tank 11 is arranged in the first cavity 10, a water pump 12 is connected to the water storage tank 11, and a water outlet end of the water pump 12 is connected with a water outlet pipe 13; a water outlet channel 14 is arranged in the fixed shaft 8, the water outlet channel 14 extends into the gear positioning seat 6, an outlet of the water outlet channel 14 is communicated with a tooth socket on the gear positioning seat 6, and a water outlet pipe 13 is communicated with the water outlet channel 14, so that water in the water storage tank 11 is sprayed out of the gear positioning seat 6 through the water outlet channel 14 through the water pump 12, and then scraps in the gear positioning seat 6 are washed.
In order to add water into the water storage tank 11, a water inlet pipe 15 is communicated with the water storage tank 11, the water inlet pipe 15 penetrates through the fixed shaft 8 and extends out of the fixed shaft 8, and a valve is arranged on the part, extending out of the fixed shaft 8, of the water inlet pipe 15. It should be noted that: the water storage tank 11 is arranged in the fixed shaft 8, so that the cleaning mechanism is convenient to store. The water storage tank 11 and the water pump 12 can be arranged outside the fixed shaft 8, and the water outlet pipe 13 is directly aligned with the gear positioning seat 6 for washing. Either kind of mode homoenergetic realizes the washing to the piece on gear positioning seat 6.
Furthermore, in order to avoid that water flow is directly sprayed out through the gear positioning seat 6 and the gear positioning seat 6 cannot be well washed, a plurality of spiral grooves 16 are formed in the inner wall of the water outlet channel 14 in the gear positioning seat 6, and the water outlet ends of the spiral grooves 16 penetrate through the water outlet end of the water outlet channel 14, so that the water flow passing through the spiral grooves 16 is sprayed out in a vortex (or spiral) mode, and chips in the tooth grooves of the gear positioning seat 6 can be taken away to the maximum extent. Of course, the scraps in the gear positioning seat 6 can be blown away by blowing air.
Furthermore, a second cavity 17 is arranged in the fixed shaft 8, and a driving mechanism for driving the gear fixing claws 9 to rotate is arranged in the second cavity 17, so that the planetary gear in the gear positioning seat 6 is fixed. The driving plate 20 on each gear fixing claw 9 extends into the second cavity 17 and is connected with the driving mechanism in a sliding mode, and a hole between the strip-shaped groove 18 and the second cavity 17, through which the driving plate 20 penetrates, is a flat tapered hole 25, so that the driving plate 20 can rotate around the rotating shaft 19 for a certain angle.
The driving mechanism comprises a push rod 21 and a linkage column 22 connected with the output end of the push rod, the push rod 21 can be a component for realizing linear motion of an air cylinder, an electric push rod and the like, an arc-shaped groove 23 taking the rotating shaft 19 as a circle center is arranged in the linkage column 22, the arc-shaped groove 23 and the rotating shaft 19 are concentric, a through hole communicated with the arc-shaped groove 23 is formed in the side wall of the linkage column 22, and the through hole is flat and can enable the connecting column to reciprocate in the through hole. The arc-shaped plate 24 is positioned in the arc-shaped groove 23, the length of the arc-shaped plate is less than that of the arc-shaped groove 23, and the arc-shaped plate 24 and the arc-shaped groove 23 are concentric. As shown in fig. 3, the gear fixing claw 9 is in an open state, when the gear fixing claw 9 is closed, only the push rod 21 needs to be started, so that the linkage column 22 moves towards the direction of the push rod 21, in the moving process, the transmission plate 20 rotates towards the direction of the base 7 by taking the rotating shaft 19 as a center, and the gear fixing claw 9 moves towards the direction of the gear positioning seat 6, so as to fix the gear on the gear positioning seat 6, after the process is completed, one end of the arc-shaped plate 24 abuts against one side wall of the arc-shaped groove 23, and a gap is reserved at the other end; when the gear fixing claw 9 is opened, the push rod 21 is controlled to do stretching movement, so that the transmission plate 20 moves towards the opposite direction, and the limitation on the gear is released. When the gear fixing claws 9 are opened or combined, a plurality of gear fixing claws 9 move simultaneously, and the number of the gear fixing claws 9 is preferably 3 in the present invention.
Further, referring to fig. 5-9, in the present invention, the gripper is movably disposed on the truss track 26, the gripper includes a feeding gripper and a discharging gripper, and is respectively fixed on two right-angle surfaces of the first tripod 27, the inclined surface of the first tripod 27 is provided with the rotary cylinder 28, the output end of the rotary cylinder 28 is disposed on the inclined surface of the second tripod 29, and the top surface of the second tripod 29 is provided with a lifting mechanism for driving the gripper to lift through the connecting plate 42.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the side wall of the truss track 26 is provided with linear slide rails 30 which are parallel up and down, a rack 31 which is parallel to the linear slide rails 30 is arranged between the two linear slide rails 30 and on the side wall of the truss track 26, and the teeth on the rack 31 are preferably arranged downwards. The two linear sliding rails 30 are respectively provided with a first sliding block 32, a sliding plate 33 is fixed on the two sliding blocks 32, a first motor 34 with a speed reducer is arranged on the sliding plate 33, an output shaft of the speed reducer of the first motor 34 penetrates through the sliding plate 33, a gear meshed with the rack 31 is fixed on the output shaft, and when the first motor 34 is started, the sliding plate 33 moves along the rack 31 (or the linear sliding rails 30), and finally the mechanical gripper reciprocates on the truss rails 26.
Further, the lifting mechanism comprises a fixed frame 35 which is arranged on the sliding plate 33 and is shaped like Contraband, two ends of an opening of the fixed frame 35 are fixed on the plate surface of the sliding plate 33, a second motor 36 with a speed reducer is arranged on the outer side of the fixed frame 35, the second motor 36 and the first motor 34 are arranged on the same side, a z-axis vertical beam 37 penetrates through the area enclosed by the fixed frame 35 and the sliding plate 33, namely the z-axis vertical beam 37 vertically penetrates through the area enclosed by the fixed frame 35 and the sliding plate 33. The output shaft of the speed reducer of the second motor 36 is provided with a gear engaged with the z-axis rack 38 fixed on the z-axis vertical beam 37, that is, the z-axis vertical beam 37 and the side wall of the z-axis vertical beam 37 corresponding to the second motor 36 are fixed with the z-axis rack 38, the teeth on the z-axis rack 38 are arranged towards the inner side wall of the fixed frame 35 (the inner walls of the left and right sides of the fixed frame 35 in fig. 1 can be arranged towards the left or right), the output shaft of the speed reducer of the second motor 36 penetrates through the fixed frame 35, so that the gear on the output shaft is engaged with the z-axis rack 38, and the z-axis vertical beam 37 moves up and down through the second motor 36, thereby realizing the adjustment of the height of the gripper.
Further, in order to increase the stability of the vertical z-axis beam 37 moving up and down, two sides of the vertical z-axis beam 37 are respectively vertically provided with a sliding rail 39, and the two sliding rails 39 are respectively matched with a second sliding block 40 arranged on the inner wall of the fixed frame 35, that is, the second sliding block 40 is vertically fixed on the inner walls of the two sides of the fixed frame 35 and matched with the second sliding rail 40. Meanwhile, a top plate 41 is provided on the top of the z-axis vertical beam 37, and one ends of two slide rails 39 are fixed to the bottom surface of the top plate 41, thereby preventing the z-axis vertical beam 37 from being separated from the fixed frame 35. The other ends of the two slide rails 39 are fixed to the top surface of the connecting plate 42. The bottom surface of the connecting plate 42 is fixed with the right-angle surface of the second tripod 29, the bottom surface of the second tripod 29 is fixed with the rotary cylinder 28, the output end of the rotary cylinder 28 is fixed with the inclined surface of the first tripod 27, and the feeding paw and the discharging paw are respectively fixed on the two right-angle surfaces of the first tripod 27.
According to the invention, different feeding claws are required to be selected according to different tooth numbers of the gears.
If the gear of the gear is even: the feeding paw comprises a first three-paw cylinder 43, three output ends of the first three-paw cylinder 43 are respectively provided with a clamping jaw 44, the clamping jaw 44 is in an L shape, a clamping groove 45 is formed in the bending part of the clamping jaw 44, the transverse part of the clamping jaw 44 is in an arc shape, namely, one surface, facing the center of the first three-paw cylinder 43, of the clamping jaw 44 is in an arc shape, and therefore the gear can be better clamped. The center of one end of the first three-jaw cylinder 43, which is provided with the clamping jaw 44, is provided with a limiting seat 46, and the center of one end of the limiting seat 46 is provided with a positioning column 47 matched with the limiting groove 2, so that the clamping jaw 44 can clamp the gear better, and the gear cannot be placed in the gear positioning seat 6 because the gear inclines in the clamping jaw 44. The limiting seat 46 is provided to avoid damage to the gear due to excessive force for clamping the gear when the gear is clamped. The arrangement and size of the limiting seat 46 are determined according to the clamping of the gear by the clamping jaw 44, and the clamping jaw 44 is limited by the limiting seat 46 and cannot further clamp the gear.
If the gears of the gear are odd: only the shape of the lateral portion of the clamping jaw 44 has to be changed. If the number of the teeth is odd, a V-shaped groove 48 is formed in the end face of the transverse portion of the clamping jaw 44, the V-shaped groove 48 is obliquely arranged, the oblique angle of the V-shaped groove 48 is consistent with the oblique angle of the teeth on the gear, the teeth of the gear can be just clamped in the V-shaped groove 48, and the gear is further fixed better.
Further, the unloading hand claw includes second three-jaw cylinder 49, is provided with backup pad 50 on the three output of second three-jaw cylinder 49 respectively, and the one end of backup pad 50 is the arc, and draws close each other, is provided with clamp post 51 at the top surface of backup pad 50, near curved one end, and the lateral wall of clamp post 51 is the arc, avoids causing the damage to planetary gear 1's inner wall. The clamping columns 51 are mutually attached, the outer diameters of the three clamping columns 51 after being gathered together are smaller than the inner diameter of the inner hole drum-shaped position of the planetary gear 1 after being processed and formed, so that the three clamping columns 51 can simultaneously extend into the inner hole of the planetary gear 1, then the second three-jaw cylinder 49 is controlled to open the clamping columns 51, and the processed gear on the gear positioning seat 6 is taken out.
When the invention is used, the first motor 34 is started, the mechanical claw is made to move on the truss track 26 to the position above the cart type storage bin, the rotating cylinder 28 is controlled to rotate, the feeding claw is made to be located at the lower part, then the gear blank on the material tray is clamped, and the mechanical claw is moved to the gear fine positioning mechanism along the truss track 26 through the first motor 34 to perform fine positioning, so that the workpiece processing precision is ensured. Then moving the mechanical claw into the machine tool, rotating the rotary cylinder 28, rotating the feeding claw with the gear blank clamped therein to one side corresponding to the fixed shaft 8, and then starting the first motor 34 to insert the gear blank moved to the feeding claw into the gear positioning seat 6; next, the push rod 21 is actuated to cause the gear fixing claws 9 to clamp the gear blank, and then the first three-claw cylinder 43 is actuated to release the fixation of the gear blank, and then the gear is machined with an appropriate tool.
After the planetary gear is machined, the rotary cylinder 28 rotates to enable the blanking gripper to rotate to one side corresponding to the fixed shaft 8, the first motor 34 controls the mechanical gripper to move transversely until the clamping column 51 extends into an inner hole of the planetary gear, the second three-jaw cylinder 49 is started, the clamping column 51 is opened, the clamping column 51 is abutted against the inner hole of the planetary gear, and then the push rod 21 is started to enable the gear fixing claw 9 to loosen the fixation of the gear. The second motor 36 is started, the mechanical claw moves upwards, and the first motor 34 is started, so that the mechanical claw moves above the storage bin; the second motor 36 controls the gripper to move downwards, and the rotary cylinder 28 rotates to make the blanking gripper located below, so that the machined gear is placed in the material tray. And controlling the rotary cylinder 28 to rotate to enable the feeding paw to be positioned below, clamping the gear blank in the material tray, and processing the gear according to the steps. When the gear blank is placed in the gear positioning seat 6, the water pump 12 needs to be started to clean the gear blank.
According to the invention, when the gear blank taken by the mechanical gripper is positioned above the machine tool, the top door of the machine tool is opened, and the process is controlled to be 2 s; the time for the mechanical paw to vertically enter the machine tool is 1 s; the time for taking off the gear finished product by the mechanical claw is controlled to be 1-2 s, the time for controlling the rotation of the feeding and discharging claw by the rotary cylinder 28 is controlled to be 2s, and the gear positioning seat 6 is cleaned in the process of 2 s; the process of inserting the gear blank into the gear positioning seat 6 by the mechanical claw is controlled to be 2 s; the time for the mechanical gripper to withdraw from the machine tool is 1 s; the closing time of the top door of the machine tool is 2 s. The time for the mechanical gripper to complete one feeding and discharging is 12s, proper signal delay is reserved, and the time can be controlled within 14 s.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A planetary gear machining process is characterized in that: clamping the gear blank onto a machine tool through a mechanical gripper for fixing, drilling a hole on the planet gear (1) blank by using a U drill, and then roughly and finely turning the hole by using a turning tool; when the hole is finely turned, turning two ends of an inner hole of a blank of the planetary gear (1) into a horn mouth shape, and finally rolling along the inner hole of the planetary gear (1) by using an inner hole rolling cutter;
the machine tool comprises a base (7) and a fixed shaft (8) transversely fixed on the side wall of the base (7), the gear positioning seat (6) is arranged at the center of the end face of the other end of the fixed shaft (8), a cleaning mechanism for cleaning chips left after gear machining is arranged in the fixed shaft (8), the cleaning mechanism comprises a first cavity (10) arranged in the fixed shaft (8), a water storage tank (11) is arranged in the first cavity (10), a water pump (12) is connected to the water storage tank (11), and a water outlet end of the water pump (12) is connected with a water outlet pipe (13); a water outlet channel (14) is arranged in the fixed shaft (8), the water outlet channel (14) extends into the gear positioning seat (6), an outlet of the water outlet channel is communicated with a tooth groove on the gear positioning seat (6), and the water outlet pipe (13) is communicated with the water outlet channel (14).
2. A planetary gear machining process according to claim 1, characterized in that: hole roll extrusion sword includes cutter arbor (4), cutter arbor (4) top is provided with the inclined plane towards its lateral wall direction, be provided with conical head (5) on the inclined plane, the top surface and the lateral wall of cutter arbor (4) are stretched out to the most advanced of conical head (5).
3. A planetary gear machining process according to claim 1, characterized in that: after the planetary gear (1) is machined, the machined gear is taken out of the machine tool by the mechanical gripper, and then the machine tool washes the scraps left by the machined gear on the gear positioning seat (6) on the machine tool; the gripper then rotates and the raw gear blank is placed into the machine tool for machining.
4. A planetary gear machining process according to claim 3, characterized in that: a servo turret is arranged at a position corresponding to the fixed shaft (8), a plurality of gear fixing claws (9) are arranged on the side wall close to the end face of the other end of the fixed shaft (8), and an opening of the gear positioning seat (6) faces the servo turret.
5. A planetary gear machining process according to claim 1, characterized in that: be provided with inlet tube (15) on storage water tank (11), inlet tube (15) pass fixed axle (8) and stretch out outside fixed axle (8), the part on inlet tube (15), stretch out outside fixed axle (8) is provided with the valve.
6. A planetary gear machining process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall of the water outlet channel (14) positioned in the gear positioning seat (6) is provided with a plurality of spiral grooves (16), and the water outlet ends of the spiral grooves (16) penetrate through the water outlet ends of the water outlet channel (14).
7. A planetary gear machining process according to claim 4, characterized in that: be provided with second cavity (17) in fixed axle (8), be provided with drive gear stationary dog (9) pivoted actuating mechanism in second cavity (17), seted up several rather than communicating bar groove (18) of terminal surface on the lateral wall of fixed axle (8), bar groove (18) internal fixation has pivot (19), the cover is equipped with on pivot (19) gear stationary dog (9), every the one end that gear stationary dog (9) and pivot (19) are connected is fixed with driving plate (20) respectively, every driving plate (20) stretch into in second cavity (17), with actuating mechanism sliding connection.
8. A planetary gear machining process according to claim 7, characterized in that: the driving mechanism comprises a push rod (21) and a linkage column (22) connected with the output end of the push rod, an arc-shaped groove (23) with a rotating shaft (19) as a circle center is arranged in the linkage column (22), a through hole communicated with the arc-shaped groove (23) is formed in the side wall of the linkage column (22), an arc-shaped plate (24) connected through a connecting column is arranged at the other end of the transmission plate (20), the arc-shaped plate (24) is located in the arc-shaped groove (23) and is shorter than the arc-shaped groove (23), and the arc-shaped plate (24) and the arc-shaped groove (23) are concentric; the hole between the strip-shaped groove (18) and the second cavity (17) for the transmission plate (20) to pass through is a flat tapered hole (25).
9. A planetary gear machining process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mechanical gripper is movably arranged on a truss track (26), comprises a feeding gripper and a discharging gripper, and is respectively fixed on two right-angle surfaces of a first tripod (27), a rotary cylinder (28) is arranged on the inclined surface of the first tripod (27), the output end of the rotary cylinder (28) is arranged on the inclined surface of a second tripod (29), and a lifting mechanism for driving the mechanical gripper to lift is arranged on the top surface of the second tripod (29) through a connecting plate (42).
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