CN113020815A - Process for machining rectangular tube special-shaped hole by laser cutting - Google Patents

Process for machining rectangular tube special-shaped hole by laser cutting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113020815A
CN113020815A CN202110286632.9A CN202110286632A CN113020815A CN 113020815 A CN113020815 A CN 113020815A CN 202110286632 A CN202110286632 A CN 202110286632A CN 113020815 A CN113020815 A CN 113020815A
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China
Prior art keywords
rectangular tube
cutting
dimensional model
special
processed
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Pending
Application number
CN202110286632.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
黄爱斌
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Jiangxi Huixu Industrial Co Ltd
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Jiangxi Huixu Industrial Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110286632.9A priority Critical patent/CN113020815A/en
Publication of CN113020815A publication Critical patent/CN113020815A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36Removing material
    • B23K26/38Removing material by boring or cutting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/082Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70Auxiliary operations or equipment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser cutting processing, in particular to a process for processing a rectangular tube special-shaped hole by utilizing laser cutting, which comprises the following steps: a space coordinate system is established on a scanning cutting platform, the rectangular tube is placed on the cutting platform for positioning, the rectangular tube is scanned in the space coordinate system to determine the coordinate of the rectangular tube, and a three-dimensional model of the rectangular tube to be processed is obtained; manufacturing a processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model, determining coordinates of each point of a rectangular tube special-shaped hole, obtaining a processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model diagram, and obtaining shape characteristics and layer parameters of the processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model; the invention realizes automatic calibration, saves calibration time, controls cutting through the data of the three-dimensional model, greatly improves the machining and cutting precision, improves the quality of rectangular tube cutting special-shaped holes for cutting without dividing cutting areas manually, subtracts a complex mechanical calibration process, and improves the intelligent degree and the production and processing efficiency of products.

Description

Process for machining rectangular tube special-shaped hole by laser cutting
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting machining, in particular to a process for machining rectangular tube special-shaped holes by utilizing laser cutting.
Background
The laser cutting technology is widely applied to the processing of metal and nonmetal materials, can greatly reduce the processing time, reduce the processing cost and improve the quality of workpieces. Modern laser becomes a ' sword ' for cutting iron like mud ' which is fantastically pursued by people. Taking a laser CO2 laser cutting machine for gold transportation as an example, the whole system consists of a control system, a motion system, an optical system, a water cooling system, a smoke exhaust and blowing protection system and the like, the most advanced numerical control mode is adopted to realize multi-axis linkage and equal-energy cutting without speed influence of laser, and simultaneously, graphic formats such as DXP, PLT, CNC and the like are supported and the drawing processing capacity of interface graphics is enhanced; and the excellent motion precision in a high-speed state is realized by adopting an inlet servo motor with excellent performance and a transmission guide structure.
The rectangular tube special-shaped hole is manually measured, the size is divided, cutting is carried out by means of a tool, size deviation of the machined and cut special-shaped hole is large, errors are large, machining quality is affected, and therefore the process for machining the rectangular tube special-shaped hole by means of laser cutting is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process for machining a rectangular tube special-shaped hole by using laser cutting, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a process for machining rectangular tube special-shaped holes by using laser cutting comprises the following steps:
s1, scanning the cutting platform to establish a space coordinate system, placing the rectangular tube on the cutting platform for positioning, scanning the rectangular tube in the space coordinate system to determine the coordinate of the rectangular tube, and obtaining a three-dimensional model of the rectangular tube to be processed;
s2, manufacturing a processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model, determining coordinates of each point of a rectangular tube special-shaped hole, obtaining a processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model diagram, and obtaining shape characteristics and layer parameters of the processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model;
s3, moving the processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model diagram to be completely overlapped with the rectangular tube three-dimensional model to be processed, and then updating the coordinate positions of the points of the special-shaped holes of the overlapped processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model diagram;
and S4, scanning the coordinates of the cutting head of the laser cutting robot, controlling the movement of the cutting head of the laser cutting robot, enabling the movement position of the cutting head to correspond to the coordinate position of each point of the special-shaped hole of the machined rectangular tube three-dimensional model diagram after updating and coinciding, and carrying out special-shaped hole cutting processing.
Preferably, slice data of the rectangular tube three-dimensional model is generated according to the rectangular tube three-dimensional model data, and initial control data is generated according to the slice data and preset parameters.
Preferably, the cutting head of the laser cutting robot is controlled to move relatively on the conveying cutting platform according to the initial control data to execute the cutting operation.
Preferably, in S2, the processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model is manufactured, and the ratio of the three-dimensional model to the rectangular tube real object is 1: 1.
Preferably, nanosecond laser is adopted to cut the quartz glass from the upper surface to the lower surface, the cutting laser frequency is 40 kHz-55 kHz, and the descending height of the processing path in each processing is less than 0.03 mm; the processing path is concentric cutting lines, specifically, a plurality of equidistant concentric cutting lines are filled in the area range to be cut, the distance between adjacent concentric cutting lines is less than 0.05mm, and the cutting speed is 3500 mm/s-4500 mm/s.
Preferably, each processing descending mode is a layer-by-layer descending mode, wherein equidistant concentric cutting lines of each layer are on the same plane, and the plane descends gradually according to a preset descending height, so that the cutting lines among the layers do not intersect.
Preferably, the laser cutting robot is further provided with a cooling device for cooling the cut part in time.
Preferably, the scanning is performed by a three-dimensional scanner for detecting and analyzing the shape and appearance data of the cutting platform, and the collected data is used for performing three-dimensional reconstruction calculation to create a digital model of the cutting platform in the virtual world.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the processed three-dimensional model of the object and the three-dimensional model before processing are made to coincide the two models, cutting processing is carried out according to the coordinate of the processed three-dimensional model after coinciding, and the cutting head of the laser cutting robot is controlled by control data to move relatively on the conveying cutting platform to execute cutting operation, so that the processing cutting precision is greatly improved, and the quality of cutting the special-shaped hole by the rectangular tube is improved.
The invention does not need to divide the cutting area manually, reduces the complicated mechanical calibration process and improves the intelligent degree and the production and processing efficiency of the product.
According to the invention, the shape and appearance data of the cutting platform are scanned, detected and analyzed, the collected data are used for carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction calculation, a digital model of the cutting platform is created in the virtual world, automatic calibration is carried out, and the calibration time is saved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
A process for machining rectangular tube special-shaped holes by using laser cutting comprises the following steps:
s1, scanning the cutting platform to establish a space coordinate system, placing the rectangular tube on the cutting platform for positioning, scanning the rectangular tube in the space coordinate system to determine the coordinate of the rectangular tube, and obtaining a three-dimensional model of the rectangular tube to be processed;
s2, manufacturing a processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model, determining coordinates of each point of a rectangular tube special-shaped hole, obtaining a processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model diagram, and obtaining shape characteristics and layer parameters of the processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model;
s3, moving the processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model diagram to be completely overlapped with the rectangular tube three-dimensional model to be processed, and then updating the coordinate positions of the points of the special-shaped holes of the overlapped processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model diagram;
and S4, scanning the coordinates of the cutting head of the laser cutting robot, controlling the movement of the cutting head of the laser cutting robot, enabling the movement position of the cutting head to correspond to the coordinate position of each point of the special-shaped hole of the machined rectangular tube three-dimensional model diagram after updating and coinciding, and carrying out special-shaped hole cutting processing.
In this embodiment, slice data of the rectangular tube three-dimensional model is generated according to the rectangular tube three-dimensional model data, and initial control data is generated according to the slice data and preset parameters.
In the embodiment, the cutting head of the laser cutting robot is controlled to move relatively on the conveying cutting platform according to the initial control data to execute the cutting operation.
In this embodiment, a processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model is manufactured, and the ratio of the three-dimensional model to the rectangular tube real object is 1: 1.
In the embodiment, nanosecond laser is adopted to cut quartz glass from the upper surface to the lower surface, the cutting laser frequency is 40 kHz-55 kHz, and the descending height of the processing path in each processing is less than 0.03 mm; the processing path is concentric cutting lines, specifically, a plurality of equidistant concentric cutting lines are filled in the area range to be cut, the distance between adjacent concentric cutting lines is less than 0.05mm, and the cutting speed is 3500 mm/s-4500 mm/s.
In this embodiment, the descending manner of each processing is layer-by-layer descending, wherein the equidistant concentric cutting lines of each layer are on the same plane, and the plane descends gradually according to the preset descending height, so that the cutting lines between the layers do not intersect.
In this embodiment, the laser cutting robot is further provided with a cooling device for cooling the cut part in time.
In this embodiment, the scanning is performed by a three-dimensional scanner to detect and analyze the shape and appearance data of the cutting platform, and the collected data is used for performing three-dimensional reconstruction calculation to create a digital model of the cutting platform in the virtual world.
According to the invention, the processed three-dimensional model of the object and the three-dimensional model before processing are made to coincide the two models, cutting processing is carried out according to the coordinate of the processed three-dimensional model after coinciding, and the cutting head of the laser cutting robot is controlled by control data to move relatively on the conveying cutting platform to execute cutting operation, so that the processing cutting precision is greatly improved, and the quality of cutting the special-shaped hole by the rectangular tube is improved. The invention does not need to divide the cutting area manually, reduces the complicated mechanical calibration process and improves the intelligent degree and the production and processing efficiency of the product. According to the invention, the shape and appearance data of the cutting platform are scanned, detected and analyzed, the collected data are used for carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction calculation, a digital model of the cutting platform is created in the virtual world, automatic calibration is carried out, and the calibration time is saved.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A process for machining rectangular tube special-shaped holes by using laser cutting is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, scanning the cutting platform to establish a space coordinate system, placing the rectangular tube on the cutting platform for positioning, scanning the rectangular tube in the space coordinate system to determine the coordinate of the rectangular tube, and obtaining a three-dimensional model of the rectangular tube to be processed;
s2, manufacturing a processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model, determining coordinates of each point of a rectangular tube special-shaped hole, obtaining a processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model diagram, and obtaining shape characteristics and layer parameters of the processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model;
s3, moving the processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model diagram to be completely overlapped with the rectangular tube three-dimensional model to be processed, and then updating the coordinate positions of the points of the special-shaped holes of the overlapped processed rectangular tube three-dimensional model diagram;
and S4, scanning the coordinates of the cutting head of the laser cutting robot, controlling the movement of the cutting head of the laser cutting robot, enabling the movement position of the cutting head to correspond to the coordinate position of each point of the special-shaped hole of the machined rectangular tube three-dimensional model diagram after updating and coinciding, and carrying out special-shaped hole cutting processing.
2. The process for machining rectangular tube special-shaped holes by using laser cutting as claimed in claim 1, wherein slicing data of the rectangular tube three-dimensional model is generated according to the rectangular tube three-dimensional model data, and initial control data is generated according to the slicing data and preset parameters.
3. The process for machining rectangular tube special-shaped holes by using laser cutting as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cutting head of the laser cutting robot is controlled to move relatively on the conveying cutting platform according to the initial control data to perform cutting operation.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein in step S2, a three-dimensional model of the rectangular tube is created, and the ratio of the three-dimensional model to the rectangular tube is 1: 1.
5. The process for cutting and processing the rectangular tube special-shaped hole by using the laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein nanosecond laser is used for cutting the quartz glass from the upper surface to the lower surface, the cutting laser frequency is 40 kHz-55 kHz, and the descending height of the processing path in each processing is less than 0.03 mm; the processing path is concentric cutting lines, specifically, a plurality of equidistant concentric cutting lines are filled in the area range to be cut, the distance between adjacent concentric cutting lines is less than 0.05mm, and the cutting speed is 3500 mm/s-4500 mm/s.
6. The process for fabricating rectangular tube shaped holes by laser cutting as claimed in claim 5, wherein each process is performed in a descending manner of layer by layer, wherein the equidistant concentric cutting lines of each layer are on the same plane, and the plane is gradually descended according to a predetermined descending height, so that the cutting lines between the layers do not intersect.
7. The process for machining the rectangular tube special-shaped hole by using the laser cutting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser cutting robot is further provided with a cooling device for cooling the cut part in time.
8. The process of claim 1, wherein the scanning is performed by a three-dimensional scanner for detecting and analyzing the shape and appearance data of the cutting platform, and the collected data is used for performing a three-dimensional reconstruction calculation to create a digital model of the cutting platform in the virtual world.
CN202110286632.9A 2021-03-17 2021-03-17 Process for machining rectangular tube special-shaped hole by laser cutting Pending CN113020815A (en)

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CN202110286632.9A CN113020815A (en) 2021-03-17 2021-03-17 Process for machining rectangular tube special-shaped hole by laser cutting

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110286632.9A CN113020815A (en) 2021-03-17 2021-03-17 Process for machining rectangular tube special-shaped hole by laser cutting

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113523609A (en) * 2021-08-13 2021-10-22 彭晓静 Voice intelligent robot for 3D modeling laser cutting
CN113609617A (en) * 2021-08-06 2021-11-05 远东幕墙(珠海)有限公司 Digital conversion and processing method through three-dimensional model of section bar
CN113681573A (en) * 2021-08-06 2021-11-23 远东幕墙(珠海)有限公司 Self-error-correction processing method for any angle of aluminum profile
CN113857698A (en) * 2021-11-04 2021-12-31 安徽省长凌智能装备有限公司 Pulse laser drilling positioning calibration method
US20230193772A1 (en) * 2021-12-21 2023-06-22 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Fabrication of cooling holes using laser machining and ultrasonic machining

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WO1995000865A1 (en) * 1993-06-17 1995-01-05 Xmr, Inc. Improved optical beam integration system
US6575963B1 (en) * 1997-07-16 2003-06-10 The Lion Eye Institute Of Western Australia Incorporated Laser scanning apparatus and method
CN104259670A (en) * 2014-07-07 2015-01-07 河海大学常州校区 Turbine blade laser cutting system based on machine vision and industrial robot
CN110877160A (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-03-13 华中科技大学 Quartz glass laser three-dimensional cutting and material removing method and device
CN112008262A (en) * 2020-07-30 2020-12-01 华东师范大学 Method for intelligently machining special-shaped hole by annular rotating laser
CN212470208U (en) * 2020-06-30 2021-02-05 李杏璇 Automatic accurate burnt mark cutting system that beats
CN112376045A (en) * 2020-11-12 2021-02-19 中国科学院苏州生物医学工程技术研究所 Three-dimensional repair method and system for irregular geometric shapes

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995000865A1 (en) * 1993-06-17 1995-01-05 Xmr, Inc. Improved optical beam integration system
US6575963B1 (en) * 1997-07-16 2003-06-10 The Lion Eye Institute Of Western Australia Incorporated Laser scanning apparatus and method
CN104259670A (en) * 2014-07-07 2015-01-07 河海大学常州校区 Turbine blade laser cutting system based on machine vision and industrial robot
CN110877160A (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-03-13 华中科技大学 Quartz glass laser three-dimensional cutting and material removing method and device
CN212470208U (en) * 2020-06-30 2021-02-05 李杏璇 Automatic accurate burnt mark cutting system that beats
CN112008262A (en) * 2020-07-30 2020-12-01 华东师范大学 Method for intelligently machining special-shaped hole by annular rotating laser
CN112376045A (en) * 2020-11-12 2021-02-19 中国科学院苏州生物医学工程技术研究所 Three-dimensional repair method and system for irregular geometric shapes

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113609617A (en) * 2021-08-06 2021-11-05 远东幕墙(珠海)有限公司 Digital conversion and processing method through three-dimensional model of section bar
CN113681573A (en) * 2021-08-06 2021-11-23 远东幕墙(珠海)有限公司 Self-error-correction processing method for any angle of aluminum profile
CN113523609A (en) * 2021-08-13 2021-10-22 彭晓静 Voice intelligent robot for 3D modeling laser cutting
CN113857698A (en) * 2021-11-04 2021-12-31 安徽省长凌智能装备有限公司 Pulse laser drilling positioning calibration method
CN113857698B (en) * 2021-11-04 2023-12-22 安徽省长凌智能装备有限公司 Pulse laser drilling positioning calibration method
US20230193772A1 (en) * 2021-12-21 2023-06-22 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Fabrication of cooling holes using laser machining and ultrasonic machining

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Application publication date: 20210625

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