CN113018730A - Power battery extinguishing device, battery box body and battery pack thereof - Google Patents
Power battery extinguishing device, battery box body and battery pack thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113018730A CN113018730A CN202110443637.8A CN202110443637A CN113018730A CN 113018730 A CN113018730 A CN 113018730A CN 202110443637 A CN202110443637 A CN 202110443637A CN 113018730 A CN113018730 A CN 113018730A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- connecting part
- battery
- fire extinguishing
- tank body
- guide pipe
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/08—Control of fire-fighting equipment comprising an outlet device containing a sensor, or itself being the sensor, i.e. self-contained sprinklers
- A62C37/10—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released
- A62C37/11—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive
- A62C37/14—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive with frangible vessels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to a power battery fire extinguishing device, a battery box body and a battery pack thereof. The power battery fire extinguishing device consists of a container, a flow guide pipe and a limiter; the container consists of a tank body and a sealing cover, the upper part of the tank body is provided with a tank body connecting part, the flow guide pipe is provided with a first connecting part for mounting the container and a second connecting part for mounting a limiter, and the limiter consists of a limiter connecting part and a deformation part; the tank body connecting part is connected with the first connecting part in a matching way, and the limiter connecting part is connected with the second connecting part in a matching way; the inner wall of the flow guide pipe is constructed into a fluid channel, the deformation part is positioned in the fluid channel, and the end surface of the deformation part is in contact with the sealing cover and limits the position of the sealing cover; the tank body stores fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguisher has the advantages of simple structure, compact volume, easy realization of installation in the battery pack, less fire extinguishing agent required to be stored, reliable triggering and good fire extinguishing effect; has the advantages of convenient installation, low cost and high reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to a fire-fighting device of a power battery pack.
Background
In order to meet the requirement of the endurance mileage of the electric automobile, the energy density of the power battery is gradually improved, and a battery core chemical system develops towards high energy density; the material of the high energy density battery has lower thermal stability and releases large energy when thermal accidents occur; high-temperature smoke and volatile high-temperature electrolyte can be discharged due to thermal runaway of the battery cell, and the high-temperature heat flow is directly discharged outside the box body and is mixed with air to easily generate violent combustion and even explosion, so that serious potential safety hazards are caused to personnel and vehicles; therefore, the power battery system is necessary to be provided with a fire extinguishing and fire fighting device.
In the prior art, a detection device, a fire extinguisher and a spraying pipeline are usually arranged in a battery pack, so that the cost, the volume and the weight of the battery pack are greatly increased, and the system reliability is low. .
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a fire extinguishing device which is simple in structure, compact in size and reliable in triggering, provides a battery box body for mounting the fire extinguishing device and further provides a battery pack with the battery box body so as to improve the safety of the battery pack. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the power battery fire extinguishing device consists of a container, a flow guide pipe and a limiter; the container consists of a tank body and a sealing cover, the upper part of the tank body is provided with a tank body connecting part, the flow guide pipe is provided with a first connecting part for mounting the container and a second connecting part for mounting a limiter, and the limiter consists of a limiter connecting part and a deformation part; the tank body connecting part is connected with the first connecting part in a matching way, and the limiter connecting part is connected with the second connecting part in a matching way; the inner wall of the flow guide pipe is constructed into a fluid channel, the deformation part is positioned in the fluid channel, and the end surface of the deformation part is in contact with the sealing cover and limits the position of the sealing cover; the tank body stores fire extinguishing agent.
Furthermore, the tank body connecting part and the limiter connecting part are of external thread structures, and the first connecting part and the second connecting part are threaded holes.
Further, the fluid passage is configured in the shape of a venturi, the first connection and the second connection being located in the throat region of the venturi.
Furthermore, one or more mounting holes are formed in the outer side of the flow guide pipe, and a driving portion is arranged on the upper portion of the connecting portion of the limiting device.
Furthermore, the deformation part is filled with a heating expansion medium, a low-melting-point material or a heating expansion material in the fragile shell.
Further, the sealing cover is cylindrical or I-shaped.
A battery box body comprising the power battery fire extinguishing device is provided with a tray and a box cover, wherein the tray and the box cover enclose a closed space; the side wall of the tray is provided with an explosion-proof valve, and one end of a flow guide pipe of the fire extinguishing device is communicated with an exhaust passage of the explosion-proof valve.
Further, the flow guide pipe is connected with the explosion-proof valve through threads.
Further, the draft tube is installed on the tray through the installation hole and is fixed through the fastener.
A battery package that contains aforementioned battery box: the battery pack includes the battery box and a plurality of battery modules, the battery modules are accommodated in the battery box.
Discharge high temperature thermal current when battery takes place thermal runaway, this thermal current is through extinguishing device's honeycomb duct internal flow way, the thermal current causes deformation portion to take place to warp after contacting with the deformation portion of extinguishing device's stopper, and then the sealed lid of drive container is opened, the mixed chemical reaction or the cooling heat flow of taking place of extinguishing agent and thermal current that the container is inside stored, make the thermal current not possess the burning condition, make and discharge from explosion-proof valve to the outside air current of battery package can not further take place burning or explosion, improve the security of battery package.
Compared with the prior art that the valve body of the fire extinguisher is opened after the battery pack fire extinguishing system detects the thermal runaway event through the sensor, and the fire extinguishing agent is distributed to the ignition point through the spraying pipeline, the fire extinguisher has the advantages of simple structure, compact volume, easy realization of installation in the battery pack, less fire extinguishing agent required to be stored, reliable triggering and good fire extinguishing effect; has the advantages of convenient installation, low cost and high reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the fire suppression apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a battery case according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a top view of a battery pack of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line A of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line B of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the opening of a container caused by the breakage of a deformable portion of a stopper of the fire extinguishing apparatus according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a fire extinguishing apparatus according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the container opening caused by the elongation of the deformation part of the stopper of the fire extinguishing apparatus according to embodiment 2;
fig. 12 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 11 at D.
Reference numerals:
1-fire extinguishing device, 11-container, 12-draft tube, 13-stopper, 111-can, 112-sealing cover, 113-fire extinguishing agent, 111 a-can connection, 12 a-first connection, 12 b-second connection, 121-mounting hole, 122-fluid channel, 131-stopper connection, 132-deformation, 1311-driving part, 21-tray, 22-box cover, 23-explosion-proof valve, 31-battery module, 32-fastener, b-throat, F-heat flow.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Fig. 1, 2 and 3 show the structure of a fire extinguishing apparatus 1 of an embodiment of the present application; the fire extinguishing device 1 comprises a container 11, a flow guide pipe 12 and a limiter 13; the container 11 consists of a tank body 111 and a sealing cover 112, and the tank body 111 is provided with a connecting part 111a connected with the draft tube 12; optionally, the connecting portion 111a of the can 111 has a threaded structure; the container 11 stores the fire extinguishing agent 113, the sealing cover 112 makes the container 11 in a sealing state so as to avoid the fire extinguishing agent 113 from being affected with damp and leaking; optionally, the fire suppressant 113 is in liquid or powder form. The draft tube 12 is provided with a connecting part 12a for installing the container 11, and the draft tube 12 is provided with a connecting part 12b for installing the stopper 13; alternatively, the connecting portions 12a and 12b are threaded holes; the inner wall of the draft tube 12 is configured as a fluid passage 122, preferably the fluid passage 122 is configured to create a venturi shape, the connection 12a being located in the throat b region of the venturi; the hot flow F discharged by the thermal runaway of the battery needs to pass through the fluid channel 122 in the draft tube 12 and generate low pressure in the throat b area; optionally, the draft tube 12 is provided with one or more mounting holes 121. The stopper 13 consists of a connecting part 131 and a deformation part 132, and the connecting part 131 is connected with the guide pipe 12; optionally, the connecting portion 131 is provided with an external thread to match with the threaded hole of the connecting portion 12b of the draft tube 12; optionally, the connecting portion 131 is provided with a driving portion 1311 to facilitate easy installation of the stopper 13 by a standardized tool; when the stopper 13 is mounted on the draft tube 12, the deformation portion 132 is located in the fluid passage 122 inside the draft tube 12; the end surface of the deformation part 132 contacts with the sealing cover 112 and limits the position of the sealing cover 112 of the container 11, and the deformation part 132 maintains the container 11 in a sealing state when in an undeformed state; the deformation part 132 is sensitive to the heat flow F flowing through the fluid passage 122 inside the draft tube 12, and further deforms to further drive the sealing cover 112 of the container 11 to open; due to the low pressure adsorption in the region of the throat b, the extinguishing agent 113 in the adsorption vessel 11 is mixed with the hot flow F.
Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the battery case 2 according to the embodiment of the present application; an explosion-proof valve 23 is arranged on the battery box body 2; the battery box body 2 also comprises a tray 21 and a box cover 22, and one end of a draft tube 12 of the fire extinguishing device 1 is communicated with an exhaust passage of an explosion-proof valve 23; optionally, the delivery tube 12 and the explosion-proof valve 23 are connected through threads, and the fluid passage 122 of the delivery tube 12 is communicated with the exhaust passage of the explosion-proof valve 23; the tray 21 and the case cover 22 enclose a closed space, so that the air flow in the battery case 2 can only flow through the fire extinguishing apparatus 1 and then be discharged to the outside of the battery case 2 through the explosion-proof valve 23.
Fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8 show the structure of the battery pack 3 according to the embodiment of the present application; the battery pack 3 includes the battery case 2 and a plurality of battery modules 31, and the battery modules 31 are accommodated in the battery case 2; optionally, the delivery tube 12 and the explosion-proof valve 23 are connected through threads, and the fluid passage 122 of the delivery tube 12 is communicated with the exhaust passage of the explosion-proof valve 23; alternatively, the draft tube 12 is mounted to the tray 21 through the mounting holes 121 and fixed by the fasteners 32.
Fig. 9 shows a state where the deformation portion 132 is fractured by thermal deformation to open the container; preferably, the outer shell of the deformation part 132 is made of glass, and the inside of the deformation part is filled with a medium which expands when heated; the heat flow F flows through the fluid passage 122 of the draft tube 12, and the outer shell of the deformation part 132 is heated by the contact heat flow, so that the medium filled in the deformation part 132 is heated and expanded, and the glass outer shell of the deformation part 132 is further broken; preferably, the fire extinguishing agent 113 inside the container 11 is perfluorohexanone, optionally the fire extinguishing agent 113 is Novec 1230 fire extinguishing agent; when the shell of the deformation part 132 is broken and loses the limiting effect on the sealing cover 112, the sealing cover 112 is driven to open by the pressure inside the container 11, low pressure is generated in the throat b area of the fluid channel 122, the adsorption fire extinguishing agent 113 is mixed with heat flow F, the fire extinguishing agent 113 can absorb the heat of the heat flow F and cool the heat flow F, the fire extinguishing agent 113 can capture combustion free radicals at the same time, the combustion chain reaction is continuously and rapidly interrupted, so that the heat flow F is discharged to the outside of the battery pack 3 from the explosion-proof valve 23 and is in a non-combustion state, and secondary combustion or explosion can not occur after being mixed with air. Optionally, the deformation portion 132 is made of a low-melting-point material, the heat flow F flows through the fluid passage 122 of the draft tube 12, the deformation portion 132 is heated and melted by the contact heat flow, and then the sealing cover 112 is not limited, so that the sealing cover 112 is further driven to open by the pressure inside the container 11.
Example 2
FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 illustrate the construction and principles of another embodiment of the present application; the deformation part 132 is made of a thermal expansion and elongation material, the sealing cover 112 is arranged in an I shape, when the deformation part 132 is thermally expanded, the sealing cover 112 is driven to move downwards, the container 11 is changed into a non-sealing state, the fire extinguishing agent 113 is discharged and mixed with the heat flow F, the flammability of the heat flow F is inhibited, and the heat flow F is in a non-combustion state when being discharged to the outside of the battery pack 3 from the explosion-proof valve 23.
The invention adds the fire extinguishing agent to the combustible heat flow at the heat discharge source of the battery pack in a relatively simple mode, thereby preventing the heat flow discharged by the battery pack from generating open fire; the fire extinguishing device is passively triggered through heat flow, does not depend on an electronic device to detect a thermal event, does not need to be triggered through electric energy control, and greatly improves the reliability of the fire extinguishing device, so that the safety of a battery pack is improved.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present patent have been described in detail, the present patent is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present patent within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. Power battery extinguishing device, its characterized in that: the power battery fire extinguishing device (1) consists of a container (11), a flow guide pipe (12) and a stopper (13); the container (11) consists of a tank body (111) and a sealing cover (112), the upper part of the tank body (111) is provided with a tank body connecting part (111 a), the guide pipe (12) is provided with a first connecting part (12 a) for mounting the container (11) and a second connecting part (12 b) for mounting the stopper (13), and the stopper (13) consists of a stopper connecting part (131) and a deformation part (132); the tank body connecting part (111 a) is connected with the first connecting part (12 a) in a matching way, and the limiter connecting part (131) is connected with the second connecting part (12 b) in a matching way; the inner wall of the guide pipe (12) is configured into a fluid passage (122), the deformation part (132) is positioned in the fluid passage (122), the end face of the deformation part (132) is in contact with the sealing cover (112) and limits the position of the sealing cover (112), and the fire extinguishing agent (113) is stored in the tank body (111).
2. The power battery fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the tank body connecting part (111 a) and the limiter connecting part (131) are of external thread structures, and the first connecting part (12 a) and the second connecting part (12 b) are threaded holes.
3. The power battery fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the fluid passage (122) is configured in the shape of a venturi tube, the first connection (12 a) and the second connection (12 b) being located in a throat region (b) of the venturi tube.
4. The power battery fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: one or more mounting holes (121) are formed in the outer side of the draft tube (12), and a driving part (1311) is arranged on the upper part of the limiting stopper connecting part (131).
5. The power battery fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the deformation part (132) is filled with a heating expansion medium, a low-melting-point material or a heating expansion material in a fragile shell.
6. The power battery fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the sealing cover (112) is arranged in a cylindrical shape or an I shape.
7. A battery box containing the power battery fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the battery box body (2) is provided with a tray (21) and a box cover (22), and the tray (21) and the box cover (22) surround to form a closed space; an explosion-proof valve (23) is arranged on the side wall of the tray (21), and one end of a guide pipe (12) of the fire extinguishing device (1) is communicated with an exhaust passage of the explosion-proof valve (23).
8. The battery case according to claim 7, characterized in that: the draft tube (12) is connected with the explosion-proof valve (23) through threads.
9. The battery case according to claim 7, characterized in that: the guide pipe (12) is mounted on the tray (21) through the mounting hole (121) and is fixed through a fastener (32).
10. A battery pack comprising the battery case according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: the battery pack (3) comprises the battery box body (2) and a plurality of battery modules (31), wherein the battery modules (31) are accommodated in the battery box body (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110443637.8A CN113018730A (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Power battery extinguishing device, battery box body and battery pack thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110443637.8A CN113018730A (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Power battery extinguishing device, battery box body and battery pack thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113018730A true CN113018730A (en) | 2021-06-25 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110443637.8A Pending CN113018730A (en) | 2021-04-23 | 2021-04-23 | Power battery extinguishing device, battery box body and battery pack thereof |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN113018730A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115224434A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-21 | 湘潭大学 | Safety device for explosion-proof valve of lithium ion battery |
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| CN214762987U (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-11-19 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Power battery extinguishing device, battery box body and battery pack thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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Application publication date: 20210625 |
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