CN113016453A - Apple nursery weeding method - Google Patents
Apple nursery weeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113016453A CN113016453A CN202110234818.XA CN202110234818A CN113016453A CN 113016453 A CN113016453 A CN 113016453A CN 202110234818 A CN202110234818 A CN 202110234818A CN 113016453 A CN113016453 A CN 113016453A
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- diluted solution
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
- A01M21/04—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity
- A01M21/043—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity by chemicals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/46—N-acyl derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/60—1,4-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-diazines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for weeding in apple nursery, which comprises the following steps of S1: mixing quizalofop-p-ethyl and glycosyl surfactant repeatedly and diluting according to a first dilution multiple to obtain a first diluted solution; s2: spraying the first diluted solution obtained in the step S1 on weeds in the 3-5 leaf stage in the apple nursery; s3: mixing the soybean protein isolate fermentation liquid, the corn protein powder fermentation liquid and the Bacillus beiLeisi fermentation liquid, diluting according to a second dilution multiple to obtain a second diluted solution, and diluting according to a third dilution multiple to obtain a third diluted solution; s4: and after the first diluted solution is sprayed for 2-5 days, the second diluted solution is sprayed on weeds, and meanwhile, the third diluted solution is dripped on the roots of apple seedlings to finish weeding. The invention effectively solves the problems of low utilization rate of the herbicide, high cost, environmental pollution, low seedling quality, damage to an ecological system and the like, reduces the dosage of the herbicide, has the functions of soil improvement, herbicide degradation, biocontrol and the like, and has various functions, safety and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of weed control, in particular to a weeding method for an apple nursery.
Background
Weeds generally refer to plants which are harmful to crops grown on a farm field together with crops, except for crops which are purposefully cultivated by human beings, have wild characteristics, occupy space, compete with crops for light, water, fertilizer and other substances, and generate inhibitors through root exudates, plant residues and the like to inhibit the growth of the crops. In addition, weeds are also the locus of pathogenic microorganisms and pests, posing a serious threat to the yield and quality of crops.
The row spacing of the apple nursery is larger, the apple nursery is more suitable for the occurrence of weeds, the occurrence time is long, the number is large, the variety is large, the harm is serious, generally, the growth of apple saplings is slow, the quality of seedlings is reduced, and the development of the apple industry is not facilitated.
At present, chemical herbicides are generally adopted to prevent and kill weeds, and the chemical herbicides have the characteristics of labor saving, time saving and the like, but have the following problems in weeding: 1. the herbicide has low utilization rate, is easy to form drop when directly sprayed on the surfaces of the weed leaves, and improves the weeding cost; 2. part of chemical herbicides are slowly degraded naturally and are easy to remain and accumulate in soil, so that apple seedlings are damaged, and the quality of the seedlings is reduced; 3. chemical herbicides can contaminate ground water and rivers, causing environmental pollution problems; 4. the chemical herbicide can affect the total amount of soil microorganisms and the urease activity of the soil microorganisms, and reduce the soil fertility; 5. the weed community is changed after the herbicide is used for a long time, the weeds which are less harmful originally or are in a secondary position in the community are rapidly replaced by high-quality weeds, so that the farmland ecology is changed, the biosphere and the biological chain corresponding to the weeds are simplified due to the plant unicity, the capability of adapting to the nature is weakened, and the apple nursery farmland ecosystem is damaged.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, there is a need to provide a safe, efficient, green and environment-friendly apple nursery weeding method to reduce pesticide residue, improve apple seedling quality and relieve environmental pollution pressure.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the apple nursery weeding method which is safe, efficient, green and environment-friendly, and avoids the problems of poor seedling quality, environmental pollution, ecological system damage and the like caused by a single chemical weeding method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problems is to provide a method for weeding apple nursery, which comprises the following steps of S1: mixing quizalofop-p-ethyl and glycosyl surfactant repeatedly and diluting according to a first dilution multiple to obtain a first diluted solution; s2: spraying the first diluted solution obtained in the step S1 on weeds in the 3-5 leaf stage in the apple nursery; s3: mixing the soybean protein isolate fermentation liquid, the corn protein powder fermentation liquid and the Bacillus beiLeisi fermentation liquid, diluting according to a second dilution multiple to obtain a second diluted solution, and diluting according to a third dilution multiple to obtain a third diluted solution, wherein the second dilution multiple is smaller than the third dilution multiple; s4: and (5) after the weeds in the step S2 are sprayed with the first diluted solution for 2-5 days, spraying the second diluted solution on the weeds, and simultaneously carrying out drip irrigation on the roots of the apple seedlings by using the third diluted solution to finish weeding.
Further, the volume ratio of the quizalofop-p-ethyl to the sugar-based surfactant in the step S1 is 50-80: 1.
furthermore, the quizalofop-p-ethyl is quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil containing 5 percent of quizalofop-p-ethyl by weight percentage.
Further, the sugar-based surfactant is dodecyl glucoside.
Further, in the step S1, the quizalofop-p-ethyl and the sugar-based surfactant are mixed and then diluted to be the first dilution factor of the first dilution solution of 1500-2000 times.
Further, the volume ratio of the soybean protein isolate fermentation broth, the corn gluten meal fermentation broth and the bacillus beilesiensis fermentation broth in the step S3 is 2-3: 3-4: 1.
furthermore, the strain used by the soybean protein isolate fermentation liquid is bacillus subtilis.
Furthermore, the strain used by the corn protein powder fermentation liquor is bacillus subtilis.
Further, after being mixed, the soybean protein isolate fermentation liquid, the corn protein powder fermentation liquid and the Bacillus beiLeisi fermentation liquid are diluted into a second dilution multiple of 800-1000 times of a second dilution solution; the soybean protein isolate fermentation liquid, the corn protein powder fermentation liquid and the Bacillus beiLeisi fermentation liquid are mixed and diluted into a third dilution solution, and the third dilution multiple of the third dilution solution is 1000-1500 times.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the apple nursery weeding method provided by the invention has the following advantages: 1. the problems of low utilization rate of the herbicide, high cost, environmental pollution, low seedling quality, damage to an ecological system and the like are effectively solved, the dosage of the herbicide is reduced, and the herbicide has the functions of soil improvement, herbicide degradation, biocontrol and the like, is multifunctional, safe and efficient; 2. dodecyl glucoside belongs to a green surfactant, has extremely strong permeability, adhesion and expansibility, hard water resistance, good stability and easy degradation, has the functions of sterilizing, improving enzyme activity and the like, and greatly improves the permeability and the adhesion of the herbicide; 3. the soybean protein isolate fermentation liquor and the corn protein powder fermentation liquor have the function of inhibiting rooting of part of weeds and inhibiting the root growth of the weeds, and the weeds are thoroughly eradicated by combining leaf spraying and herbicide application, and in addition, the soybean protein isolate fermentation liquor and the corn protein powder fermentation liquor provide more nutrient substances for soil microorganisms and improve the soil; 4. the bacillus subtilis is used as a strain of a soybean protein isolate fermentation broth and a corn protein powder fermentation broth, on one hand, the bacillus subtilis can degrade the residue of a herbicide, and on the other hand, the bacillus subtilis has the functions of inhibiting bacteria, preventing diseases, promoting the growth of crop roots, enhancing the immunity and disease resistance of crops, improving the utilization rate of a fertilizer, improving the soil structure and the like; 5. the Bacillus belgii is a novel biological control microbial factor, can effectively inhibit various plant pathogenic bacteria, and secretes various plant hormones and volatile compounds so as to promote the growth of crops.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments.
The invention provides an apple nursery weeding method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing quizalofop-p-ethyl and glycosyl surfactant repeatedly and diluting according to a first dilution multiple to obtain a first diluted solution; the volume ratio of the quizalofop-p-ethyl to the glycosyl surfactant is 50-80: 1; the first dilution multiple of the first dilution solution after the mixing is 1500-2000 times, and the dilution solvent is water. Preferably, the quizalofop-p-ethyl is quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil containing 5 percent of quizalofop-p-ethyl by weight percentage (namely each liter of the quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil contains 50 grams of active ingredients), and the quizalofop-p-ethyl is low-toxicity aryloxy phenoxy carboxylic acid ester herbicide; preferably, the glycosyl surfactant is dodecyl glucoside, and the dodecyl glucoside belongs to a green surfactant, has extremely strong permeability, adhesion and expansibility, is hard water resistant, good in stability and easy to degrade, has the functions of sterilizing, improving enzyme activity and the like, and greatly improves the permeability and the adhesion of the herbicide.
S2: and in the 3-5 leaf stage of the weeds, uniformly spraying the first diluted solution obtained in the step S1 on the weeds in the apple nursery to ensure that the leaves of the weeds are fully contacted with the liquid medicine.
S3: mixing the soybean protein isolate fermentation liquid, the corn protein powder fermentation liquid and the Bacillus beiLeisi fermentation liquid, diluting according to a second dilution multiple to obtain a second diluted solution, and diluting according to a third dilution multiple to obtain a third diluted solution, wherein the second dilution multiple is smaller than the third dilution multiple; the volume ratio of the soybean protein isolate fermentation liquid, the corn protein powder fermentation liquid and the Bacillus beiLeisi fermentation liquid is 2-3: 3-4: 1; the second dilution multiple of the second dilution solution after the mixing is 800-1000 times; the third dilution multiple of the third dilution solution after the mixing is 1000-1500 times, and the dilution solvents are water. The soybean protein isolate fermentation liquor and the corn protein powder fermentation liquor have the effects of inhibiting rooting and root growth of partial weeds, and the weeds are thoroughly eradicated by combining leaf spraying and herbicide application. The Bacillus belgii can effectively inhibit various plant pathogenic bacteria, and secrete various plant hormones and volatile compounds so as to promote the growth of crops. Preferably, the strain used by the soybean protein isolate fermentation liquid is bacillus subtilis; the strain used by the corn protein powder fermentation liquor is bacillus subtilis. The bacillus subtilis can degrade the residue of the herbicide, and has the functions of inhibiting bacteria, preventing and resisting diseases, promoting the growth of crop roots, enhancing the immunity and disease resistance of crops, improving the utilization rate of fertilizers, improving the soil structure and the like.
S4: and (5) after the weeds in the step S2 are sprayed with the first diluted solution for 2-5 days, spraying the second diluted solution on the weeds, and simultaneously, carrying out drop irrigation on the roots of the apple seedlings by using the third diluted solution to finish weeding.
In the embodiment, one mu of apple nursery is selected for weeding experiments, and the other mu of apple nursery is selected for weeding without weeding in contrast. The control effect of the weeding method on weeds is measured by comparison.
Example 1
The apple nursery weeding method comprises the following steps:
step S11: mixing 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil and dodecyl glucoside according to the volume ratio of 50: 1, carrying out remixing, and diluting by 1500 times to obtain a first diluted solution.
Step S12: and in the 3-5 leaf stage of the weeds, uniformly spraying the first diluted solution obtained in the step S11 on the weeds in the apple nursery to ensure that the leaves of the weeds are fully contacted with the liquid medicine.
Step S13: mixing soybean protein isolate fermentation liquor, corn protein powder fermentation liquor and Bacillus beiLeisi fermentation liquor according to the volume ratio of 2: 3: 1, and then diluting by 800 times to obtain a second diluted solution, and diluting by 1000 times to obtain a third diluted solution.
Wherein, the strains used by the soybean protein isolate fermentation liquor and the corn protein powder fermentation liquor are both bacillus subtilis.
Step S14: and on the 2 nd day after the first diluted solution is sprayed, spraying the second diluted solution on weeds, and simultaneously carrying out drop irrigation on the roots of the apple seedlings by using the third diluted solution to finish weeding.
On the 35 th day after the second diluted solution was sprayed, the weed species and the number of plants were investigated and recorded in detail, and the control effect was calculated, and the specific results are shown in table 1.
Example 2
The apple nursery weeding method comprises the following steps:
step S21: mixing 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil and dodecyl glucoside according to the volume ratio of 60: 1, carrying out remixing, and diluting by 1500 times to obtain a first diluted solution.
Step S22: and in the 3-5 leaf stage of the weeds, uniformly spraying the first diluted solution obtained in the step S11 on the weeds in the apple nursery to ensure that the leaves of the weeds are fully contacted with the liquid medicine.
Step S23: mixing soybean protein isolate fermentation liquor, corn protein powder fermentation liquor and Bacillus beiLeisi fermentation liquor according to the volume ratio of 3: 3: 1, then diluting by 1000 times to obtain a second diluted solution, and diluting by 1500 times to obtain a third diluted solution.
Wherein, the strains used by the soybean protein isolate fermentation liquor and the corn protein powder fermentation liquor are both bacillus subtilis.
Step S24: and on the 3 rd day after the first diluted solution is sprayed, spraying the second diluted solution on weeds, and simultaneously carrying out drip irrigation on the roots of the apple seedlings by using the third diluted solution to finish weeding.
On the 35 th day after the second diluted solution was sprayed, the weed species and the number of plants were investigated and recorded in detail, and the control effect was calculated, and the specific results are shown in table 1.
Example 3
The apple nursery weeding method comprises the following steps:
step S31: mixing 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil and dodecyl glucoside according to a volume ratio of 80: 1, diluting the mixture by 2000 times to obtain a first diluted solution.
Step S22: and in the 3-5 leaf stage of the weeds, uniformly spraying the first diluted solution obtained in the step S11 on the weeds in the apple nursery to ensure that the leaves of the weeds are fully contacted with the liquid medicine.
Step S23: mixing soybean protein isolate fermentation liquor, corn protein powder fermentation liquor and Bacillus beiLeisi fermentation liquor according to the volume ratio of 3: 4: 1, then diluting by 1000 times to obtain a second diluted solution, and diluting by 1500 times to obtain a third diluted solution.
Wherein, the strains used by the soybean protein isolate fermentation liquor and the corn protein powder fermentation liquor are both bacillus subtilis.
Step S24: and on the 5 th day after the first diluted solution is sprayed, spraying the second diluted solution on weeds, and simultaneously carrying out drip irrigation on the roots of the apple seedlings by using the third diluted solution to finish weeding.
On the 35 th day after the second diluted solution was sprayed, the weed species and the number of plants were investigated and recorded in detail, and the control effect was calculated, and the specific results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 weed control efficacy of the different treatments
The results of the above examples show that the apple nursery weeding method of the invention can significantly control monocotyledonous weeds, which are common in apple nursery weeds. From the above measurement results, the effect of example 3 is particularly good, the weed control effect is obviously improved, and the increase of the ratio of the 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil to the corn protein powder fermentation broth can effectively control monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds.
Although the present invention has been described with respect to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The apple nursery weeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: mixing quizalofop-p-ethyl and glycosyl surfactant repeatedly and diluting according to a first dilution multiple to obtain a first diluted solution;
s2: spraying the first diluted solution obtained in the step S1 on weeds in the 3-5 leaf stage in the apple nursery;
s3: remixing soybean protein isolate fermentation liquor, corn protein powder fermentation liquor and Bacillus beilesiensis fermentation liquor, and diluting according to a second dilution multiple to obtain a second diluted solution and a third dilution multiple to obtain a third diluted solution respectively, wherein the second dilution multiple is smaller than the third dilution multiple;
s4: and (5) after the weeds in the step S2 are sprayed with the first diluted solution for 2-5 days, spraying the second diluted solution on the weeds, and simultaneously carrying out drop irrigation on the roots of the apple seedlings by using the third diluted solution to finish weeding.
2. The apple nursery weeding method according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the quizalofop-p-ethyl to the sugar-based surfactant mixture in step S1 is 50 to 80: 1.
3. the apple nursery weeding method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the quizalofop-p-ethyl is a quizalofop-p-ethyl emulsifiable concentrate having a quizalofop-p-ethyl content of 5% by weight.
4. The apple nursery weeding method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said sugar-based surfactant is dodecyl glucoside.
5. The apple nursery weeding method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the dilution of the quizalofop-p-ethyl and the sugar-based surfactant after the mixing in step S1 is 1500-2000 times the first dilution factor of the first dilution solution.
6. The apple nursery weeding method according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the soy protein isolate fermentation broth, the corn gluten meal fermentation broth, and the bacillus beilesiensis fermentation broth in the mixing in step S3 is 2-3: 3-4: 1.
7. the apple nursery weeding method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the seed culture for the soy protein isolate fermentation broth is Bacillus subtilis.
8. The apple nursery weeding method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the strain used in the corn gluten meal broth is Bacillus subtilis.
9. The apple nursery weeding method according to claim 6, wherein the second dilution factor of the second dilution solution obtained by dilution of the soybean protein isolate fermentation broth, the corn gluten meal fermentation broth and the Bacillus beijerinckii fermentation broth after being mixed is 800-1000 times; the soybean protein isolate fermentation liquid, the corn protein powder fermentation liquid and the Bacillus beiLeisi fermentation liquid are mixed and diluted into a third dilution solution, and the third dilution multiple of the third dilution solution is 1000-1500 times.
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