CN113013642B - Array antenna and communication equipment - Google Patents
Array antenna and communication equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113013642B CN113013642B CN202110212870.5A CN202110212870A CN113013642B CN 113013642 B CN113013642 B CN 113013642B CN 202110212870 A CN202110212870 A CN 202110212870A CN 113013642 B CN113013642 B CN 113013642B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
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Abstract
The embodiment of the disclosure provides an array antenna and communication equipment, wherein the array antenna comprises an array antenna layer, a coupling layer and a gap waveguide layer which are sequentially stacked; the gap waveguide layer comprises a first metal plate, and an input port is formed in the first metal plate; at least one ridge waveguide transmission line fixed on the surface of the first metal plate, wherein the transmission starting end of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line is connected with the input port; a plurality of first metal units fixed to a surface of the first metal plate, at least one ridge waveguide transmission line being surrounded by the plurality of first metal units; the coupling layer comprises a second metal plate, at least one coupling port is formed in the second metal plate, and the orthographic projection of each coupling port on the first metal plate covers one transmission tail end of the ridge waveguide transmission line; the plurality of second metal units are fixed on the surface of the second metal plate, and each coupling port is positioned in an area defined by the plurality of second metal units; the array antenna layer comprises a plurality of antenna units.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to an array antenna and a communication device.
Background
In recent years, the millimeter wave band has received more and more attention as its advantages over the microwave band, such as high transmission speed, applicability to communication devices with a small size, contribution to miniaturization and integration of communication devices, and the like. And because the millimeter wave circularly polarized antenna has the advantages of providing flexible directivity for a communication system, effectively reducing multipath interference and the like, the millimeter wave circularly polarized antenna is an important part in a 5G communication system and receives more and more attention.
In the related art, the millimeter wave circular polarization antenna has various types, such as an electromagnetic dipole antenna, a differential planar aperture antenna cavity backfire antenna, a helical antenna, a continuous rotation feed type antenna, and the like. However, the operating frequency bands of the above millimeter wave circular polarization antennas are narrow. In addition, in the millimeter wave high frequency band, the millimeter wave circularly polarized antenna often adopts a multilayer structure design, and the manufacturing tolerance and the assembly error of the above various millimeter wave circularly polarized antennas are large, so that discontinuous contact exists between layers of the millimeter wave circularly polarized antenna, and the performance of the millimeter wave circularly polarized antenna is poor. Based on this, the millimeter wave circularly polarized array antenna obtained by arranging the plurality of millimeter wave circularly polarized antennas according to the preset rule also has the problems of narrow working frequency band and poor performance.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide an array antenna and a communication device, so as to widen an operating frequency band of the array antenna and improve performance of the array antenna. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
in an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, an array antenna is provided, where the array antenna includes an array antenna layer, a coupling layer, and a gap waveguide layer, which are sequentially stacked, where:
the gap waveguide layer includes: the first metal plate is provided with an input port; at least one ridge waveguide transmission line fixed on the surface of the first metal plate close to the coupling layer, wherein the transmission starting end of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line is connected with the input port; a plurality of first metal units fixed on the surface of the first metal plate close to the coupling layer, and a gap is formed between the first metal units and the coupling layer, and the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line is surrounded by the plurality of first metal units; the first supporting structure is fixedly arranged between the first metal plate and the coupling layer;
the coupling layer includes: the second metal plate is provided with at least one coupling port, and the orthographic projection of each coupling port on the first metal plate covers one transmission tail end of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line; the plurality of second metal units are fixed on the surface, far away from the gap waveguide layer, of the second metal plate, gaps are formed between the second metal units and the array antenna layer, and each coupling port is located in an area defined by the plurality of second metal units; the second supporting structure is fixedly arranged between the second metal plate and the array antenna layer;
the array antenna layer comprises a plurality of antenna units, and signals are transmitted to at least one antenna unit through an area defined by the plurality of second metal units.
In some embodiments, the transmission end of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line has a plurality of transmission branches, and an orthographic projection of each of the coupling ports on the first metal plate covers one transmission end of each of the transmission branches.
In some embodiments, the interstitial waveguide layer further comprises:
the impedance transformation structure is connected with the transmission tail ends of the transmission branches, the width of the transmission branches is smaller than the size, parallel to the width direction of the transmission branches, of the impedance transformation structure, and the orthographic projection of the impedance transformation structure on the first metal plate falls into the orthographic projection of the coupling port on the first metal plate.
In some embodiments, the ends of the plurality of transmission branches remote from the input port are evenly distributed.
In some embodiments, each of the transmission branches has at least one transmission node, and signals transmitted to each of the transmission nodes continue to be transmitted in two opposite directions;
the intersection point of the plurality of transmission branches and the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line and the at least one transmission node are provided with an oblique chamfer structure.
In some embodiments, the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line comprises two ridge waveguide transmission lines symmetrically distributed on both sides of the input port.
In some embodiments, each of the plurality of antenna elements is a circularly polarized antenna element.
In some embodiments, the first metal plate, the second metal plate, and the array antenna layer are all rectangular;
the first support structure comprises a plurality of first support columns and the second support structure comprises a plurality of second support columns;
the plurality of first supporting columns are fixed on the surface of the first metal plate close to the coupling layer and distributed at each angular point of the first metal plate and the central points of two adjacent angular points, or
The plurality of first support columns are fixed on the surface, close to the gap waveguide layer, of the second metal plate and distributed at each angular point of the first metal plate and the central points of two adjacent angular points;
the plurality of second supporting columns are fixed on the surface, close to the array antenna layer, of the second metal plate and distributed at each angular point of the second metal plate and the central points of two adjacent angular points, or
The second supporting columns are fixed on one side, close to the second metal plate, of the array antenna layer and distributed at each angular point of one side of the array antenna layer and the central points of two adjacent angular points.
In some embodiments, the input port is a WR10 port.
In another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a communication device is provided, where the communication device includes any one of the array antennas described above.
The embodiment of the disclosure has the following beneficial effects:
according to the array antenna and the communication equipment provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, when the array antenna works, millimeter wave signals are input from the input port and then enter the ridge waveguide transmission line connected with the input port. Since the ridge waveguide transmission line is surrounded by the plurality of first metal units, the plurality of first metal units form a stopband, so that the millimeter wave signal is transmitted along the extension direction of the ridge waveguide transmission line. And after the millimeter wave signals are transmitted to the transmission tail end of the ridge waveguide transmission line, the millimeter wave signals are coupled into the coupling layer through the coupling port, and the millimeter wave signals are transmitted into at least one antenna unit corresponding to the region through the region because the coupling port is positioned in the region surrounded by the plurality of second metal units. In the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the dispersion structures of the gap waveguide layer and the coupling layer have stop band characteristics, and performance loss caused by discontinuous contact between layers in the array antenna is reduced, so that the working frequency band of the array antenna is increased, and the performance of the array antenna is improved.
Of course, not all advantages described above need to be achieved at the same time to practice any one product or method of the present disclosure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other embodiments can be obtained by using the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an array antenna according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 2a is a block diagram of an interstitial waveguide layer in an array antenna according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 2b is a block diagram of a coupling layer in an array antenna according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 2c is a block diagram of an array antenna layer in the array antenna of some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 3a is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of return loss of an array antenna according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 3b is a graph illustrating simulation results of axial ratio and gain of array antennas according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 4a is a radiation pattern of an array antenna of some embodiments of the present disclosure at a frequency of 80 GHz;
fig. 4b is a radiation pattern of the array antenna of some embodiments of the present disclosure at a frequency of 85 GHz;
fig. 4c is a radiation pattern of the array antenna of some embodiments of the present disclosure at 90GHz frequency.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments derived from the present application by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present disclosure are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
In order to widen the operating frequency band of the array antenna and improve the performance of the array antenna, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an array antenna and a communication device, and the array antenna and the communication device provided in embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 2c, the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes an array antenna layer 1, a coupling layer 2, and a gap waveguide layer 3, which are sequentially stacked, wherein:
the gap waveguide layer 3 includes: a first metal plate 31, wherein an input port 32 is arranged on the first metal plate 31; at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 fixed on the surface of the first metal plate 31 close to the coupling layer 2, wherein the transmission starting end of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 is connected with the input port 32; a plurality of first metal units 34 fixed on the surface of the first metal plate 31 close to the coupling layer 2, and having a gap with the coupling layer 2, at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 being surrounded by the plurality of first metal units 34; a first supporting structure 35 fixedly disposed between the first metal plate 31 and the coupling layer 2;
the coupling layer 2 includes: a second metal plate 21, wherein the second metal plate 21 is provided with at least one coupling port 22, and an orthographic projection of each coupling port 22 on the first metal plate 31 covers one transmission end of at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33; a plurality of second metal units 23 fixed on the surface of the second metal plate 21 away from the gap waveguide layer 3, and having a gap with the array antenna layer 1, wherein each coupling port 22 is located in a region 24 surrounded by the plurality of second metal units 23; a second support structure 25 fixedly disposed between the second metal plate 21 and the array antenna layer 1;
the array antenna layer 1 comprises a plurality of antenna units 11, and signals are transmitted to at least one antenna unit 11 through an area 24 enclosed by a plurality of second metal units 23.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the input port 32 may be a rectangular input port for inputting a signal and transmitting the signal into at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 connected to the input port 32.
In some embodiments, the input port 32 is a WR10 port.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the input port 32 may be a standard rectangular WR10 port, so that the input port 32 may be matched with more communication devices or test devices, and the matching degree of the input port 32 is increased, thereby improving the universality of the array antenna. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the model of the input port 32, such as a standard rectangular WR12 model, may also be adjusted according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 is fixed on the surface of the first metal plate 31 facing the coupling layer 2, and a gap is formed between the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 and the coupling layer 2, that is, an air gap is formed between the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 and the coupling layer 2, so that the electromagnetic wave signal can propagate by using air as a propagation medium.
A plurality of first metal units 34 are also fixed on the surface of the first metal plate 31 facing the coupling layer 2, and surround the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33, so as to form a stop band around the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33, so that signals are transmitted along the extending direction of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33, and the leakage of the signals is reduced. In addition, in order to improve the wave blocking performance of the plurality of first metal units 34, the plurality of first metal units 34 may be uniformly arranged on the first metal plate 31, as shown in fig. 2 a. The height of the first metal unit 34 may be set according to actual requirements, and the height of the first metal unit 34 may be higher than the height of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 or lower than or equal to the height of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the disclosure.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the connection manner of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 and the first metal plate 31 and the connection manner of the plurality of first metal units 34 and the first metal plate 31 are not specifically limited.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the position of each coupling port 22 on the coupling layer 2 corresponds to the position of one transmission end of each ridge waveguide transmission line 33, that is, the projection of each coupling port 22 on the first metal plate 31 covers one transmission end of one ridge waveguide transmission line 33. Based on this, the signal is input from the input port 32, transmitted from the transmission beginning to the transmission end of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33, and then coupled into the coupling layer 2 through the coupling port 22 above the transmission end, so as to realize the transmission of the signal from the gap waveguide layer 3 to the coupling layer 2.
The number of the at least one coupling port 22 is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and it is only necessary that the number of the at least one coupling port 22 is equal to the number of the transmission ends of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33. The number of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 may also be set according to practical requirements, such as two, three, etc., which is not specifically limited by the embodiment of the present disclosure. The at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 may be either linear or curved, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited in this respect.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2b, each coupling port 22 is located in an area 24 surrounded by a plurality of second metal units 23, and each area 24 corresponds to a predetermined number of antenna units 11 in the array antenna layer 1. After the signal is transmitted to the area 24 where the coupling port 22 is located through the coupling port 22, the plurality of second metal units 23 form a stop band around the area 24, so that the signal is prevented from being transmitted to the periphery, and further the signal is transmitted to the antenna units 11 corresponding to the area 24 in a preset number, and the signal is transmitted from the gap waveguide layer 3 to the coupling layer 2 and then to the array antenna layer 1.
The number of the antenna units 11 corresponding to each area 24 may be set according to actual conditions, each area 24 may correspond to four antenna units 11, as shown in fig. 1, each area 24 may also correspond to two or three antenna units 11, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the antenna units 11 corresponding to each area 24 may be the same, so that the signals can be uniformly transmitted to the antenna units 11.
In some embodiments, each of the plurality of antenna elements 11 is a circularly polarized antenna element.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of antenna units 11 may be circular polarization antenna units, and a plurality of symmetric stepped partition structures are provided inside the circular polarization antenna units. When signals are transmitted to the antenna units 11 communicated with the coupling layer 2 through the coupling layer, the signals form right-hand circularly polarized millimeter waves in the transmission process under the action of the symmetrical stepped partition plate structures, and the right-hand circularly polarized millimeter waves are radiated out through the tail ends of the antenna units. The plurality of antenna units 11 may also be other types of antenna units, which is not specifically limited in this disclosure.
The array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is configured such that a signal is input from the input port 32 and then enters at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 connected to the input port 32. Since the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 is surrounded by the plurality of first metal units 34, the plurality of first metal units 34 form a stop band so that a signal is transmitted along the extending direction of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33. After the signal is transmitted to the transmission end of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33, the signal is coupled into the coupling layer 2 through the coupling port 22, and since the coupling port 22 is located in the region 24 surrounded by the plurality of second metal units 23, the signal is transmitted into the at least one antenna unit 11 corresponding to the region 24 through the region 24. In the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the dispersion structures of the gap waveguide layer 3 and the coupling layer 2 have stop band characteristics, and performance loss caused by discontinuous contact between layers in the array antenna is reduced, so that the operating frequency band of the array antenna is increased, and the performance of the array antenna is improved.
In addition, in the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the gap waveguide layer 3, the coupling layer 2, and the array antenna layer 1 are all metal structures, which reduces the dielectric loss of the array antenna. The array antenna provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has a simple structure, is easy to process, and reduces the process and assembly requirements of the array antenna.
For example, fig. 3a is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of return loss of an array antenna according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In fig. 3a, the abscissa is the operating frequency of the array antenna in GHz, and the ordinate is the operating frequency of the array antenna during operationReturn loss S11In dB. As can be seen from fig. 3a, when the operating frequency band of the array antenna provided in the embodiment of the disclosure is 78GHz to 108GHz, the return loss S of the array antenna11The working frequency band of the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is wider and the return loss is lower in the working frequency band.
Fig. 3b is a diagram illustrating simulation results of axial ratio and gain of the array antenna according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In fig. 3b, the abscissa is the operating frequency of the array antenna in GHz, and the ordinate is the axial ratio and the gain of the array antenna in the operating frequency band, the axial ratio is in dB, and the gain is in dBic. As can be seen from fig. 3b, when the operating frequency band of the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is 78GHz to 108GHz, the gain of the array antenna is greater than 27dBic and the axial ratio of the array antenna is close to 1. Therefore, the polarized wave radiated by the array antenna is close to the circularly polarized wave, and the gain of the array antenna is high. Based on this, the return loss of the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is lower and the gain is higher, that is, the performance of the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is better.
Fig. 4a is a radiation pattern of an array antenna of some embodiments of the present disclosure at a frequency of 80 GHz; fig. 4b is a radiation pattern of the array antenna of some embodiments of the present disclosure at a frequency of 85 GHz; fig. 4c is a radiation pattern of the array antenna of some embodiments of the present disclosure at 90GHz frequency. In fig. 4a to 4c, the abscissa is the angle of the pattern in degrees, and the ordinate is the amplitude of the pattern in dB. As can be seen from fig. 4a to 4c, when the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is at 80GHz, 85GHz, and 90GHz, the patterns of the array antenna on the xoz plane are very close. In addition, when the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is at 80GHz, 85GHz and 90GHz, the directional patterns of the array antenna on the yoz plane are also very close. Therefore, the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has stable working performance in the working frequency band.
In some embodiments, the transmission end of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 has a plurality of transmission branches 331, and an orthographic projection of each coupling port 22 on the first metal plate 31 covers one transmission end of each transmission branch 311.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2a, a plurality of transmission branches 331 may be disposed at the transmission end of each ridge waveguide transmission line 33, such that when a signal is transmitted to the transmission end of the ridge waveguide transmission line 33, the signal continues to be transmitted along the extending direction of the plurality of transmission branches 331 until the signal is transmitted to the transmission end of each transmission branch 331. Based on this, the plurality of transmission branches 331 are also surrounded by the plurality of first metal units 34, and the position of each coupling port 22 on the second metal plate 21 corresponds to one transmission end of one transmission branch 331, so that when a signal is transmitted to the transmission end of each transmission branch 331, the signal is coupled into the coupling layer 2 through the coupling port 22 corresponding to the transmission end.
The number and shape of the plurality of transmission branches 331 may be set according to actual situations, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure. In one example, as shown in fig. 2a, the transmission end of each ridge waveguide transmission line 33 has two transmission branches 331.
In some embodiments, each transmission branch 331 has at least one transmission node 3311, and signals transmitted to each transmission node 3311 continue in opposite directions;
the intersection of the plurality of transmission branches 331 and the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33, and the at least one transmission node 3311 each have a chamfered structure.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, to increase the number of transmission ends of the transmission branch 331, each transmission branch 331 may have one or more transmission nodes 3311, and two transmission branches exist at each transmission node 3311 of the transmission branch 331 and extend in two opposite directions, based on which, after a signal is transmitted to each transmission node 3311, the signal is transmitted in two opposite directions. For example, as shown in fig. 2a, each transmission branch 331 has three transmission nodes 3311, such that each transmission branch 331 has four transmission branches, i.e. four transmission ends. The transmission end of each ridge waveguide transmission line 33 has a plurality of transmission branches 331, increasing the number of transmission ends of each ridge waveguide transmission line 33, and the signal inputted from the input port 32 can be uniformly transmitted to the plurality of transmission ends, so that the signal can be more uniformly transmitted to the respective coupling ports 22 and then uniformly transmitted to the respective antenna units 11.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when a signal is transmitted along a plurality of transmission branches 331, the signal starts to be transmitted in two opposite directions at the transmission node 3311 of each transmission branch 331, and a chamfered structure 3312 is disposed at the transmission node 3311, that is, when the signal starts to be split, a power divider is formed at the signal splitting position, so that the signal can be split into the transmission branches connected to the transmission node 3311 at equal power.
In some embodiments, the ends of the plurality of transmission branches 331 remote from the input port 32 are evenly distributed, as shown in fig. 2 a.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, the transmission ends of the transmission branches 331 are uniformly distributed on the first metal plate 31, so that the coupling ports 22 corresponding to each transmission end are also uniformly distributed on the second metal plate 21, each coupling port 22 corresponds to a plurality of antenna units 11, and the uniform arrangement of the plurality of coupling ports 22 makes the number of antenna units corresponding to each coupling port 22 equal, so that signals can be more uniformly transmitted to each antenna unit 11 through the transmission end of each transmission branch 331.
In some embodiments, the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 comprises two ridge waveguide transmission lines 33, and the two ridge waveguide transmission lines 33 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the input port 32.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 2a, the gap waveguide layer 3 may include two ridge waveguide transmission lines 33, and transmission start ends of the two ridge waveguide transmission lines 33 are both connected to the input port 32 and distributed on both sides of the input port 32, based on which, when a signal is input from the input port 32, the signal can be uniformly input into the two ridge waveguide transmission lines 33 on both sides of the input port 32 and then transmitted along an extending direction of the two ridge waveguide transmission lines 33. Providing two symmetrically distributed ridge waveguide transmission lines 33 on the first metal plate 31 enables more uniform transmission of signals via each transmission end into each antenna unit 11 while increasing the number of transmission ends of the ridge waveguide transmission lines 33.
In some embodiments, the interstitial waveguide layer 3 further comprises:
and an impedance transformation structure 36 connected to the transmission ends of the plurality of transmission branches 331, wherein the width of the plurality of transmission branches 331 is smaller than the dimension of the impedance transformation structure 36 parallel to the width direction of the plurality of transmission branches 331, and an orthogonal projection of the impedance transformation structure 331 on the first metal plate 31 falls within an orthogonal projection of the coupling port 22 on the first metal plate 31.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, as shown in fig. 3a, an impedance transformation structure 36 is disposed at a transmission end of each transmission branch 331, and a position of each impedance transformation structure 36 on the first metal plate 31 corresponds to each coupling port 22, so that a signal can be transmitted into the coupling layer through the coupling port 22 after being transmitted to the impedance transformation structure 36. The impedance transformation structure 36 is disposed at the transmission end of each transmission branch 331 to provide better impedance matching when the signal is transmitted from the transmission branch 331 to the coupling layer 2, so that the signal can be transmitted into the coupling layer 2 better and more smoothly.
In some embodiments, the first metal plate 31, the second metal plate 21 and the array antenna layer 1 are rectangular;
the first support structure 35 comprises a plurality of first support columns 351 and the second support structure 25 comprises a plurality of second support columns 251;
the plurality of first supporting pillars 351 are fixed on the surface of the first metal plate 31 close to the coupling layer 2, and are distributed at each corner point of the first metal plate 31 and the center point of two adjacent corner points, or
The plurality of first support columns 351 are fixed on the surface of the second metal plate 21 close to the gap waveguide layer 3 and distributed at each angular point of the first metal plate 21 and the central points of two adjacent angular points;
the plurality of second supporting columns 251 are fixed on the surface of the second metal plate 21 close to the array antenna layer 1, and distributed at each angular point of the second metal plate 21 and the central point of two adjacent angular points, or
The second supporting columns 251 are fixed on one side of the array antenna layer 1 close to the second metal plate 21, and are distributed at each angular point of one side of the array antenna layer 1 and the central points of two adjacent angular points.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first supporting structure 35 is located between the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 21, and is used for fixedly connecting the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 21, and further fixedly connecting the gap waveguide layer 3 and the coupling layer 2. The second supporting structure 25 is located between the second metal plate 21 and the array antenna layer 1, and is used for fixedly connecting the second metal plate 21 and the array antenna layer 1, and further fixedly connecting the coupling layer 2 and the array antenna layer 1.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of first supporting columns 351 are used to fixedly connect the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 21. In order to form air gaps between the first metal plate 31 and the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 and the plurality of first metal units 34, the height of the first support column 351 is greater than the height of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line 33 and the plurality of first metal units 34. The plurality of first supporting columns 351 are distributed at each corner point of the first metal plate 31 or the second metal plate 21 and the centers of two adjacent corner points, and are distributed uniformly, so that the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 21 are connected more stably.
The plurality of second supporting columns 251 are used for fixedly connecting the second metal plate 21 and the array antenna layer 1. In order to form an air gap between the array antenna layer 1 and the plurality of second metal units 23, the height of the plurality of second supporting columns 251 is greater than the height of the plurality of second metal units 23. The plurality of second supporting columns 251 are distributed at each corner point of the second metal plate 21 or the array antenna layer 1 and the centers of two adjacent corner points, and are distributed uniformly, so that the connection between the second metal plate 21 and the array antenna layer 1 is more stable.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, taking the first supporting columns 351 located on the first metal plate 31 as an example, when the first supporting columns 351 are fixed on the first metal plate 31, each first supporting column 351 may be provided with a first screw hole 352, as shown in fig. 1, and the second metal plate 21 may be provided with a second screw hole matching with the first screw hole 352, and the first screw hole 352 and the second screw hole are fixedly connected by a screw rod, so as to fixedly connect the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 21. In addition, the upper first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 21 may be connected by other methods, which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
The connection manner between the second metal plate 21 and the array antenna layer 1 can refer to the related description of the connection manner between the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 21, and is not described herein again.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first metal plate 31, the second metal plate 21 and the array antenna layer 1 may also have other shapes, and it is only necessary to ensure that the shapes of the first metal plate 31, the second metal plate 21 and the array antenna layer 1 are substantially the same, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
The embodiment of the disclosure also provides a communication device, which includes the array antenna. Because the array antenna has the advantages of wider operating frequency band, better performance and the like, the communication device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure also has the advantages.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure are included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an array antenna which characterized in that, includes the array antenna layer, coupling layer and the clearance waveguide layer that stack gradually the setting, wherein:
the gap waveguide layer includes: the first metal plate is provided with an input port; at least one ridge waveguide transmission line fixed on the surface of the first metal plate close to the coupling layer, wherein the transmission starting end of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line is connected with the input port; a plurality of first metal units fixed on the surface of the first metal plate close to the coupling layer, and a gap is formed between the first metal units and the coupling layer, and the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line is surrounded by the plurality of first metal units; the first support structure is fixedly arranged between the first metal plate and the coupling layer;
the coupling layer includes: the second metal plate is provided with at least one coupling port, and the orthographic projection of each coupling port on the first metal plate covers one transmission tail end of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line; the plurality of second metal units are fixed on the surface, far away from the gap waveguide layer, of the second metal plate, gaps are formed between the second metal units and the array antenna layer, and each coupling port is located in an area defined by the plurality of second metal units; the second supporting structure is fixedly arranged between the second metal plate and the array antenna layer; the transmission end of the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line is provided with a plurality of transmission branches, and the orthographic projection of each coupling port on the first metal plate covers the transmission end of each transmission branch;
the array antenna layer comprises a plurality of antenna units, and signals are transmitted to at least one antenna unit through an area defined by the plurality of second metal units.
2. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein the gap waveguide layer further comprises:
the impedance transformation structure is connected with the transmission tail ends of the transmission branches, the width of the transmission branches is smaller than the size, parallel to the width direction of the transmission branches, of the impedance transformation structure, and the orthographic projection of the impedance transformation structure on the first metal plate falls into the orthographic projection of the coupling port on the first metal plate.
3. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein the ends of the plurality of transmission branches remote from the input port are evenly distributed.
4. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein each of the transmission branches has at least one transmission node, and signals transmitted to each of the transmission nodes continue to be transmitted in two opposite directions;
the intersection point of the plurality of transmission branches and the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line and the at least one transmission node are provided with an oblique chamfer structure.
5. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein the at least one ridge waveguide transmission line comprises two ridge waveguide transmission lines, and the two ridge waveguide transmission lines are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the input port.
6. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of antenna elements is a circularly polarized antenna element.
7. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein the first metal plate, the second metal plate, and the array antenna layer are rectangular;
the first support structure comprises a plurality of first support columns and the second support structure comprises a plurality of second support columns;
the plurality of first supporting columns are fixed on the surface of the first metal plate close to the coupling layer and distributed at each angular point of the first metal plate and the central points of two adjacent angular points, or
The plurality of first support columns are fixed on the surface, close to the gap waveguide layer, of the second metal plate and distributed at each angular point of the first metal plate and the central points of two adjacent angular points;
the plurality of second supporting columns are fixed on the surface, close to the array antenna layer, of the second metal plate and distributed at each angular point of the second metal plate and the central points of two adjacent angular points, or
The second supporting columns are fixed on one side, close to the second metal plate, of the array antenna layer and distributed at each angular point of one side of the array antenna layer and the central points of two adjacent angular points.
8. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein the input port is a WR10 port.
9. A communication device, characterized in that it comprises an array antenna according to any of claims 1-8.
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| EP4195402A1 (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2023-06-14 | Nxp B.V. | Rf component and method |
| TWI803136B (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-05-21 | 長庚大學 | Differential feed TMmode patch array antenna |
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| CN106911003A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-06-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | A kind of broadband circle polarized radiating guide and its aerial array |
| CN107086342A (en) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-08-22 | 日本电产艾莱希斯株式会社 | Waveguide assembly and antenna assembly, radar with the waveguide assembly |
| CN111129763A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-08 | 盛纬伦(深圳)通信技术有限公司 | Ridge waveguide slot array antenna |
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| CN107086342A (en) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-08-22 | 日本电产艾莱希斯株式会社 | Waveguide assembly and antenna assembly, radar with the waveguide assembly |
| CN106911003A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-06-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | A kind of broadband circle polarized radiating guide and its aerial array |
| CN111129763A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-08 | 盛纬伦(深圳)通信技术有限公司 | Ridge waveguide slot array antenna |
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