CN113013601B - Broadband differential Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna - Google Patents
Broadband differential Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN113013601B CN113013601B CN201911319679.XA CN201911319679A CN113013601B CN 113013601 B CN113013601 B CN 113013601B CN 201911319679 A CN201911319679 A CN 201911319679A CN 113013601 B CN113013601 B CN 113013601B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/0026—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices having a stacked geometry or having multiple layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband differential Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna, which comprises a differential broadband microstrip antenna, a single-layer frequency selective surface and a waveguide E-surface power divider, wherein the differential broadband microstrip antenna is used as a feed source and is formed by stacking a metal ground plate at the bottom layer, a dielectric bottom plate, a rectangular patch and two rectangular strips; the upper layer of the resonant cavity is an array consisting of periodically arranged round complementary single-layer frequency selective surfaces with positive phase gradient, and the single-layer frequency selective surface structure is used as an upper reflecting surface and consists of a single-layer coating medium substrate, an upper round net structure and a lower round annular aperture structure; the waveguide E-surface power divider provides constant-amplitude reverse differential feed for the differential broadband microstrip antenna to form single-port feed. The broadband differential Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna is integrally designed and has stable performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwave and millimeter wave antennas, in particular to a broadband differential Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna.
Technical Field
In recent years, antennas have gained a great deal of weight as devices for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. Low profile, high gain planar antennas are also beginning to be used in the millimeter wave field. The ability of the antenna to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves plays a critical role in the normal operation of a communication system, but the bandwidth of a single antenna is narrow, the gain is low, and the normal operation of the conventional terminal equipment cannot be ensured. The gain of the antenna can be improved by the mode of carrying out equidistant arraying on the single antenna, but a feed system is complex and large in size. In contrast, the Fabry-Perot resonator antenna has a simple structure, high gain, low profile, and a simple feeding system, and these advantages are receiving more and more attention.
Kai Lu in 2013 firstly proposed a differential Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna, which consists of two vertical parallel metal plates, the middle of the antenna is connected by a horizontal ground plane, and a pair of back-to-back coaxial probes extends out of the ground plane for exciting the antenna. A pair of open ridges flanking the parallel plates serves to suppress side lobes, and a pair of ridges is also disposed on the top plate of the metal plate, with the top ridges being spaced apart more than the parallel plates to suppress back radiation. For a conventional Fabry Perot resonator antenna, the wave is leaked through a part of the frequency selective surface and the strongest radiation direction should be perpendicular to the antenna. But the radiation of this antenna occurs at the opening with the strongest radiation direction parallel to the parallel plates. The center frequency of the antenna is 24GHz, the gain is 11.7dB, and the cross polarization is lower than-30 dB, but the bandwidth of the antenna is narrow and is only 2.44%, the structure is complex, and the profile is high. The Zhiming Liu in 2018 provides a high-gain broadband Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna based on a single-layer FSS structure, the antenna adopts a single-layer complementary circular FSS structure as a frequency selective surface, the section is low, the 3dB gain bandwidth is 26.3%, and the cross polarization of the antenna is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a broadband differential Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna with wide frequency band and low cross polarization.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a broadband differential Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna comprises a differential broadband microstrip antenna, a single-layer frequency selective surface and a waveguide E-surface power divider;
the differential broadband microstrip antenna is used as a feed source and is formed by stacking a metal ground plate at the bottom layer and a dielectric baseplate, wherein the dielectric baseplate is provided with a rectangular patch and two rectangular strips, and the rectangular strips are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the rectangular patch; the upper layer of the resonant cavity is an array consisting of periodically arranged round complementary single-layer frequency selective surfaces with positive phase gradient, the single-layer frequency selective surfaces are double-sided coating structures and are used as upper reflecting surfaces, each single-layer frequency selective surface consists of a medium substrate, a round net structure positioned on the upper layer of the medium substrate and a round annular aperture structure positioned on the lower layer of the medium substrate, and the round net structure on the upper layer is complementary with the round annular aperture structure on the lower layer; the differential broadband microstrip antenna is opposite to an array formed by the single-layer frequency selective surface; air is filled between the differential broadband microstrip antenna and the single-layer frequency selective surface; the waveguide E-surface power divider provides constant-amplitude reverse differential feed for the differential broadband microstrip antenna to form single-port feed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) bandwidth: the rectangular patch and the rectangular strip are capacitively coupled to form a double resonance point, and a layer of air with the height of 5mm is arranged between the dielectric and the metal grounding plate at the bottom layer, so that the bandwidth of the antenna is expanded.
(2) Cross polarization is low: because signals with equal amplitude and opposite phases are fed into the differential antenna, electric fields formed by cross-polarized electric fields in a far field are mutually cancelled, and therefore cross polarization of the differential antenna is effectively reduced.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a broadband differential Fabry-Perot cavity antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single layer frequency selective surface.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a broadband differential Fabry-Perot cavity antenna.
FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a single-layer frequency selective surface
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a differential broadband microstrip antenna.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of the modulus and phase of the frequency selective surface reflection coefficient.
FIG. 7 is a simulation of the return loss of a broadband differential Fabry-Perot cavity antenna.
Fig. 8-10 are normalized simulated patterns of the antenna at 5.5GHz, 5.19GHz, and 6.2GHz, respectively.
Detailed Description
A broadband differential Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna comprises a differential broadband microstrip antenna 1, a single-layer frequency selective surface 2 and a waveguide E-surface power divider 3;
the differential broadband microstrip antenna 1 is used as a feed source and is formed by stacking a metal ground plate 4 and a Rogers RO4003 medium bottom plate 5 at the bottom layer, a rectangular patch 6 and two rectangular strips 7 are arranged on the medium bottom plate 5, the rectangular strips 7 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rectangular patch 6, the differential broadband microstrip antenna 1 forms a lower reflecting plate of the broadband differential Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna, the rectangular patch and the two rectangular strips are capacitively coupled to form a microstrip differential broadband antenna basic unit, and the long SMA joint is connected with the rectangular strips to capacitively couple energy to the radiation patch. The upper layer of the resonant cavity is an array consisting of periodically arranged round complementary single-layer frequency selective surfaces 2 with positive phase gradient, the single-layer frequency selective surfaces 2 are double-sided coating structures and are used as upper reflecting surfaces, the single-layer frequency selective surfaces are composed of a medium substrate 8, a round net structure 9 positioned on the upper layer of the medium substrate 8 and a round annular aperture structure 10 positioned on the lower layer of the medium substrate 8, and the round net structure 9 on the upper layer is complementary with the round annular aperture structure 10 on the lower layer; the differential broadband microstrip antenna 1 is opposite to an array formed by the single-layer frequency selective surface 2; the space between the differential broadband microstrip antenna 1 and the single-layer frequency selective surface 2 is filled with air, and the height of the air is 18.5 mm. The waveguide E-plane power divider 3 provides equal-amplitude reverse differential feed for the differential broadband microstrip antenna 1 to form single-port feed.
The number of cycles of the single-layer frequency selective surface 2 of the upper reflecting surface is 7 multiplied by 7, and the upper layer of the upper reflecting surface is a circular reticular copper coating array which is periodically arranged, and the lower layer of the upper reflecting surface is a circular annular aperture copper coating array which is periodically arranged.
The differential broadband microstrip antenna 1 is used as a feed source and consists of a rectangular patch 6 and two rectangular strips 7. A layer of air with the height of 5mm is arranged between the dielectric bottom plate 5 and the metal grounding plate 4 at the bottom layer to expand the bandwidth, and two coaxial probes with the height of 50 omega are respectively connected to the two rectangular strips 7 to couple energy capacitance to the rectangular patch 6.
The waveguide E-surface power divider 3 is positioned right below the differential broadband microstrip antenna 1, and two 50-ohm coaxial probes arranged on the two rectangular strips 7 are connected with the waveguide E-surface power divider 3 through two coaxial lines, so that equal-amplitude reverse excitation is provided for the antenna.
The antenna is designed coaxially, and the SMA connector is 50 omega.
In conclusion, the broadband differential Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna provided by the invention has the advantages of high gain, low profile, wide frequency band and low cross polarization.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the broadband differential Fabry-Perot resonator antenna of the present invention includes a differential broadband microstrip antenna 1, a single-layer frequency selective surface 2 and a waveguide E-plane power divider 3;
firstly, a rectangular strip 7 is placed on one side of a rectangular patch 6, and the bandwidth of the microstrip antenna can be expanded by adjusting the distance between the rectangular patch and the rectangular patch, however, the cross polarization of the H-plane is relatively high, so that the structure of the microstrip antenna needs to be further improved to further optimize the cross polarization. Therefore, a differential structure is adopted, a rectangular strip 7 is also arranged on the other side of the rectangular patch 6, the waveguide E-surface power divider 3 is arranged right below the rectangular patch to carry out differential feed on the antenna, the microstrip antenna and the waveguide E-surface power divider 3 are connected through a long coaxial line, and the position of the radio frequency connector has great influence on the bandwidth of the antenna. A single-layer frequency selective surface 2 is arranged right above the broadband differential microstrip antenna 1, the frequency selective surface adopts a single-layer double-sided structure, has positive phase gradient and is periodically arranged, and the gain of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna can be increased. Meanwhile, the E surface and the H surface can simultaneously obtain lower cross polarization through simulation optimization.
A side view of a wideband differential Fabry-Perot resonator antenna is shown in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 4, the single-layer double-sided frequency selective surface 2 of the antenna is composed of a single-layer dielectric substrate 8, an upper circular mesh structure 9 and a lower circular ring-shaped aperture structure 10. In the copper-clad array on the upper surface of the reflector, the radius of all circles is 4.6mm, and the mutual distance is 13 mm. In the copper-clad array on the lower surface of the reflecting plate, the side length of all hollowed-out circles is 5.8mm, and the mutual distance is 13 mm.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a differential broadband microstrip antenna. The microstrip differential broadband antenna basic unit is formed by capacitive coupling of a rectangular patch 6 and two rectangular strips 7. The optimization parameters of the microstrip differential antenna are as follows: l11.2 mm, W18 mm, t 2.1mm, s 1.8mm and d 2.4 mm.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of the modulus and phase of the frequency selective surface reflection coefficient. The mode value minimum of the frequency selective surface reflection coefficient is 0.74. The reflection phase is 168deg at f of 5.5GHz, 164deg at f of 5.2GHz, and 172deg at f of 6.2 GHz. The reflection phase increases with the increase of the frequency, and the phase difference caused by the wave path difference can be met, so that the homodromous superposition is realized.
Fig. 7 is a graph of the return loss of the antenna at an operating frequency of 5.5GHz using HFSS simulation software. It can be seen that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 18.4% at a center frequency of 5.5 GHz.
Fig. 8-10 are normalized pattern comparisons for the antenna at operating frequencies of 5.5GHz, 5.19GHz, and 6.2GHz, respectively, using HFSS simulation software.
Therefore, the broadband differential Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna has the characteristics of broadband and low cross polarization.
Claims (7)
1. A broadband differential Fabry-Perot resonator antenna, characterized by: the broadband waveguide band-pass filter comprises a differential broadband microstrip antenna (1), a single-layer frequency selective surface (2) and a waveguide E-plane power divider (3);
the differential broadband microstrip antenna (1) is used as a feed source and is formed by stacking a metal ground plate (4) and a dielectric baseplate (5) at the bottom layer, a rectangular patch (6) and two rectangular strips (7) are arranged on the dielectric baseplate (5), wherein the rectangular strips (7) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the rectangular patch (6); the resonant cavity upper layer is an array consisting of circular complementary single-layer frequency selective surfaces (2) which are periodically arranged and have positive phase gradient, the single-layer frequency selective surfaces (2) are of double-sided coating structures and are used as upper reflecting surfaces, each single-layer frequency selective surface consists of a dielectric substrate (8), a circular net-shaped structure (9) positioned on the upper layer of the dielectric substrate (8) and a circular annular aperture structure (10) positioned on the lower layer of the dielectric substrate (8), and the circular net-shaped structure (9) on the upper layer is complementary with the circular annular aperture structure (10) on the lower layer; the array formed by the differential broadband microstrip antenna (1) and the single-layer frequency selective surface (2) is opposite; air is filled between the differential broadband microstrip antenna (1) and the single-layer frequency selective surface (2); the waveguide E-surface power divider (3) provides equal-amplitude reverse differential feed for the differential broadband microstrip antenna (1) to form single-port feed.
2. A wideband differential Fabry-Perot resonator antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of cycles of the single-layer frequency selective surface (2) is 7 multiplied by 7, and the single-layer frequency selective surface is used as a double-sided coating structure, the upper layer of the single-layer frequency selective surface is a circular reticular copper coating array which is periodically arranged, and the lower layer of the single-layer frequency selective surface is a circular annular aperture copper coating array which is periodically arranged.
3. A wideband differential Fabry-Perot resonator antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: a layer of air with the height of 5mm is arranged between the dielectric bottom plate (5) and the metal grounding plate (4) at the bottom layer to expand the bandwidth.
4. A wideband differential Fabry-Perot resonator antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: two coaxial probes of 50 omega are respectively connected to the two rectangular strips (7) to couple energy to the rectangular patch (6) in a capacitive mode.
5. The wideband differential Fabry-Perot resonator cavity antenna of claim 4, wherein: the waveguide E-surface power divider (3) is positioned right below the differential broadband microstrip antenna (1), and two 50-ohm coaxial probes arranged on the two rectangular strips (7) are connected with the waveguide E-surface power divider (3) through two coaxial lines to provide equal-amplitude reverse excitation for the antenna.
6. The wideband differential Fabry-Perot resonator antenna of claim 5, wherein: the resonant cavity antenna adopts a coaxial design, and the SMA joint is 50 omega.
7. A wideband differential Fabry-Perot resonator antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the copper-clad array on the upper surface of the single-layer frequency selective surface (2), the radius of all circles is 4.6mm, and the mutual distance is 13 mm; in the copper-clad array on the lower surface, the side length of all hollowed-out circles is 5.8mm, and the mutual distance is 13 mm.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101505004A (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2009-08-12 | 四川大学 | High gain slot array antenna based on left-hand material |
| WO2017148237A1 (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-08 | 华南理工大学 | Low profile, broadband and high-gain filter antenna |
| CN107171065A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-15 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of new broadband low section dielectric lens antenna |
| CN110474151A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-11-19 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of equivalent plane reflection array antenna based on liquid crystal material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107623187A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2018-01-23 | 上海诺基亚贝尔股份有限公司 | Microstrip antenna, aerial array and microstrip antenna manufacture method |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101505004A (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2009-08-12 | 四川大学 | High gain slot array antenna based on left-hand material |
| WO2017148237A1 (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-08 | 华南理工大学 | Low profile, broadband and high-gain filter antenna |
| CN107171065A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-15 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of new broadband low section dielectric lens antenna |
| CN110474151A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-11-19 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of equivalent plane reflection array antenna based on liquid crystal material |
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