CN113000967A - Ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing method and device for micro-miniature superhard cutter - Google Patents
Ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing method and device for micro-miniature superhard cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN113000967A CN113000967A CN202110258771.0A CN202110258771A CN113000967A CN 113000967 A CN113000967 A CN 113000967A CN 202110258771 A CN202110258771 A CN 202110258771A CN 113000967 A CN113000967 A CN 113000967A
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- ultrasonic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/06—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering making use of vibrations, e.g. supersonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/002—Soldering by means of induction heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
- B23K3/087—Soldering or brazing jigs, fixtures or clamping means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/20—Tools
Abstract
The invention relates to an ultrasonic auxiliary brazing method and device for a microminiature superhard cutter. The ultrasonic auxiliary brazing device for the micro-miniature superhard cutter comprises a clamping device, a measuring device, an ultrasonic auxiliary device and a high-frequency brazing device, the cutter handle and the cutter head are accurately clamped through the clamping device, the measuring device measures temperature and pressure in real time, the brazing quality of the micro-miniature superhard cutter is improved by using a high-frequency brazing technology under the assistance of ultrasonic, the ultrasonic auxiliary brazing device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and the welding performance of the micro-miniature superhard cutter is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-quality welding method and device for a micro-miniature superhard cutter, in particular to a method and device for ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing of a hard alloy cutter handle and a superhard material cutter head of the micro-miniature superhard cutter, and belongs to the field of welding.
Background
The micro parts are widely applied to national important industries such as aviation, aerospace, ships, weapons, medical instruments and the like, and the micro superhard cutter becomes a main means for machining the micro parts due to the characteristics of wide range of machinable materials, high material removal rate, high machining precision and the like. At present, because the price of the superhard material is high, the handle of the superhard cutter is generally made of hard alloy, the head part of the cutter is made of the superhard material such as PCD, CBN and the like, and the cutter head and the handle are welded by utilizing a welding technology. The welding area of the handle and the head part of the micro-miniature superhard cutter is very small, the diameter is only 0.5-3mm, so that the micro-miniature superhard cutter is very difficult to weld, and the welding quality of the micro-miniature superhard cutter is related to subsequent cutter sharpening and the final use performance of the cutter, so that the micro-miniature superhard cutter becomes a key factor for restricting the development of the micro-miniature superhard cutter.
At present, the high-frequency brazing technology becomes a main method for welding a micro-miniature superhard cutter by virtue of the advantages of high heating speed, small environmental pollution and the like, but the high-frequency welding is used as a local rapid heating and cooling process, so that the solidification and crystallization of metal serving as a welding flux are uneven, defects such as air holes, cracks and the like are easily generated in a welding area, the welding performance of the superhard cutter is influenced, and the service performance of the subsequent superhard cutter is further influenced. Therefore, the welding area with uniform structure, refined crystal grains and no defect obtained in the welding process of the micro-super-hard cutter is a key factor for improving the overall performance of the super-hard cutter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides an ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing method and device for a micro-miniature superhard cutter. A series of unique mechanical effects, thermal effects, cavitation effects and the like generated by a periodic alternating sound field under the assistance of ultrasound are utilized to change the solidification crystal state in the high-frequency brazing process, improve the organization structure, reduce the solidification defects and improve the mechanical properties of welding.
The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows:
the ultrasonic auxiliary brazing device for the micro-miniature superhard cutter is characterized by comprising a base, a supporting seat, an ultrasonic vibrator, a cutter handle seat, a cutter handle, a high-frequency induction heating power supply, a red copper pipe coil, a cutter head welding sheet, a cutter head seat, a pressure sensor, a pressure head lifting screw rod, a servo motor, an upright post, an infrared thermometer, a power amplifier, an ultrasonic amplifier, a cutter handle spring chuck, a silver welding sheet, a welding material and a cutter head spring chuck.
Wherein: the supporting seat and the upright post are fixed on the base; the clamping device comprises a cutter handle seat and a cutter handle spring chuck for realizing the clamping of the cutter handle, and a cutter head seat and a cutter head spring chuck for realizing the clamping of the superhard cutter head; the measuring device comprises an infrared thermometer arranged on the upright post and a pressure sensor arranged on the tool bit seat, wherein the pressure in the welding process is realized by driving a pressure head to lift a screw rod and driving the pressure head through controlling a servo motor on the upright post; the high-frequency welding device comprises a high-frequency welding power supply and a red copper coil; the ultrasonic vibration device includes: the ultrasonic generator, the power amplifier and the ultrasonic vibrator are connected through leads.
The invention relates to an ultrasonic auxiliary brazing method for a microminiature superhard cutter, which mainly comprises the following steps:
step S1: when the superhard cutter is welded, the superhard material cutter head part is clamped by the cutter head spring clamp, the hard alloy cutter handle part is clamped by the cutter handle spring clamp, and a proper amount of welding flux and welding flux are placed on the end face of the cutter handle.
Step S2: opening switches of an infrared thermometer and a pressure sensor, and adjusting the measurement position of the infrared thermometer to ensure that the measurement area is at the welding position; the pressure applied to the welding position is controlled by adjusting the servo motor and driving the pressure head to lift the screw rod.
Step S3: and turning on the ultrasonic generator and the power amplifier, and starting the ultrasonic vibrator to work, so that the organization structure of the melted welding flux and welding flux in the welding area is improved, and the welding defects are reduced.
Step S4: when the superhard cutter is under the action of ultrasonic vibration, a high-frequency induction power supply is started, the copper tube coil generates an induction magnetic field, so that the silver soldering lug and the solder are heated and melted, and under the auxiliary action of the ultrasonic, the hard alloy cutter handle is fully wetted, the generation of bubbles in a welding area is reduced, the tissue structure of the welding area is improved, and the welding defects are reduced.
Step S5: and after the welded part is insulated for a moment, the high-frequency induction heating power supply is closed, then the ultrasonic generator and the power amplifier are closed, after the part to be welded is naturally cooled, the servo motor is adjusted, the pressure head is lifted, and the welded superhard cutter is taken down.
Further, the bit collet chuck and the handle collet chuck in the step S1 maintain high-precision coaxiality, and specifically, the bit collet chuck is in the specification of ER8, the clamping diameter of the bit collet chuck is 0.5-5.0mm, and the handle collet chuck is in the specification of ER16, and the clamping diameter of the handle collet chuck is 2.0-10.0 mm.
Further, the temperature measuring range of the infrared thermometer in the step S2 is 350-1600 ℃, the response time is 10ms, the system accuracy is ± 1.0%, and the measuring range of the pressure sensor is 0-2 MPa.
Further, the performance parameters of the ultrasonic vibrator described in the above step S3 are: the vibration frequency is 15-45KHz, and the amplitude is 0-22 μm.
Further, the welding power source in the step S4 is a high-frequency induction heating power source, the welding frequency is 600-.
The invention provides an ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing method and device for a micro-miniature superhard cutter, which change the crystallization state of a flux melted and solidified by high-frequency brazing, improve the organization structure of the flux, reduce the solidification defect and improve the mechanical property of the high-frequency brazing by utilizing the mechanical effect, the thermal effect and the cavitation effect under the action of ultrasonic vibration, thereby realizing the ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing of the high-quality micro-miniature superhard cutter.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other designs and drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a superhard micro cutter according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an ultrasonic assisted high frequency brazing apparatus for a micro-miniature superhard cutter according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the weld area of the tool shank and tool tip in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of ultrasonic assisted high frequency brazing welding for a micro-miniature superhard cutter.
Wherein: the method comprises the following steps of 1-base, 2-supporting base, 3-ultrasonic vibrator, 4-tool holder, 5-tool holder, 6-high-frequency induction heating power supply, 7-red copper pipe coil, 8-tool bit welding sheet, 9-tool bit base, 10-pressure sensor, 11-pressure head, 12-pressure head lifting screw rod, 13-servo motor, 14-upright post, 15-infrared thermometer, 16-power amplifier, 17-ultrasonic generator, 18-tool holder spring chuck, 19-silver soldering sheet, 20-solder and 21-tool bit spring chuck.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a welding method and a welding device for ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing of a microminiature superhard cutter, which are particularly suitable for high-strength welding of a hard alloy superfine cutter handle and a PCD superhard cutter head.
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the superhard cutter consists of a cemented carbide tool shank and a PCD (polycrystalline diamond) tool bit, and the tool bit is welded on the top of the tool shank. Wherein the handle and the tool bit size that this example adopted do: d is 3mm, D is 0.5mm, L1＝50mm，L2＝40mm，L3＝2mm，L4＝1.6mm。
Fig. 2 and 3 show the main structure of ultrasonic assisted high-frequency brazing for a micro-miniature superhard cutter, which comprises:
the base 1, the supporting seat 2 and the upright post 14 are all fixed on the base 1;
the clamping device comprises a cutter handle seat 4 and a cutter handle spring chuck 18 for realizing the clamping of a cutter handle 5, and a cutter head seat 9 and a cutter head spring chuck 21 for realizing the clamping of a superhard cutter head 8.
The measuring device comprises an infrared thermometer 15 arranged on the upright post 14 and a pressure sensor 10 arranged on the tool bit seat 9 and is used for measuring the welding temperature and the welding pressure in the welding process; the welding pressure in the welding process is realized by driving the pressure head lifting screw rod 12 and driving the pressure head 11 through controlling the servo motor 13 on the upright post 14.
The high-frequency welding device comprises a high-frequency welding power supply 6 and a red copper coil 7.
The ultrasonic auxiliary device comprises an ultrasonic generator 16, a power amplifier 17 and an ultrasonic vibrator 5, wherein the ultrasonic vibrator 5 is fixed on the base 1 by a supporting seat 2, and the ultrasonic generator, the power amplifier and the ultrasonic vibrator are connected through leads.
Meanwhile, the invention provides a test method for ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing of a microminiature superhard cutter, which comprises the following main steps as shown in figure 4:
step 1: putting the superhard cutter handle 5 into the handle spring chuck 18, and clamping the handle by the rotating device 4; putting the PCD cutter head 8 cut into a size by laser into a cutter head spring chuck 21, clamping the cutter head by a rotating device 9, and placing a proper amount of silver soldering lugs 19 and silver soldering paste 20 at the end part of the cutter handle 5.
Step 2: the servo motor 13 is controlled to drive the pressure lifting screw rod 12, so that the pressure head 11 is driven, pre-pressure is applied to a welding area, the pressure sensor 10 is arranged between the tool bit clamping device 9 and the pressure head 11, the pressure value of a welding part can be monitored in real time, and the pressure sensor is used for measuring the range of 0-2MPa and the welding pressure is 1.5 MPa; and simultaneously, opening an infrared thermometer, and ensuring the temperature and heating time required by welding by controlling the power of a high-frequency power supply and a switch, wherein the temperature measuring range of the infrared thermometer adopted in the embodiment is 350-1600 ℃, the response time is 10ms, the system precision is +/-1.0%, and the welding temperature is 750 ℃.
And step 3: the ultrasonic generator 16 and the power amplifier 17 are turned on, the ultrasonic vibrator 3 starts to work, the ultrasonic vibration plays a role in improving the organization structure of the melted welding flux and welding flux in the welding area and reducing welding defects, and the performance parameters of the ultrasonic vibrator adopted in the embodiment are as follows: the vibration frequency is 15-45KHz, and the amplitude is 0-22 μm.
And 4, step 4: the high-frequency induction heating power supply 6 is turned on, the copper tube coil 7 generates an induction magnetic field, so that the silver soldering lug 19 and the solder 20 are heated and melted, and under the ultrasonic assistance effect, the hard alloy knife handle is fully wetted, the generation of bubbles is reduced, the tissue structure of a welding area is improved, and the welding defects are reduced. The welding power source used in this example is a high-frequency induction heating power source, the welding frequency is 600-1100KHZ, and the maximum input power is 6 KW.
And 5: and (3) keeping the temperature of the welding part for a moment, closing the high-frequency induction power supply 6, closing the ultrasonic generator 16 and the power amplifier 17, naturally cooling the part to be welded, adjusting the servo motor 13, raising the pressure head 11, and taking down the welded superhard cutter.
In conclusion, the invention provides the ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing method and the ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing device for the micro-miniature superhard cutter, the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation and low use and maintenance cost, and the ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing quality of the micro-miniature superhard cutter is far superior to that of a single high-frequency brazing method in the aspect of welding performance of the micro-miniature superhard cutter, so that the device has high practical value in improving the welding performance of the micro-miniature superhard cutter.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing method for a microminiature superhard cutter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) when the superhard cutter is welded, the superhard material cutter head part is clamped by the cutter head spring clamp, the hard alloy cutter handle part is clamped by the cutter handle spring clamp, and a proper amount of welding flux and soldering flux are placed on the end face of the cutter handle;
(2) opening switches of an infrared thermometer and a pressure sensor, and adjusting the measurement position of the infrared thermometer to ensure that the measurement area is at the welding position; the servo motor is adjusted to drive the pressure head to lift the screw rod, so that the pressure applied to the welding position is controlled;
(3) turning on the ultrasonic generator and the power amplifier, and starting the ultrasonic vibrator to work, so as to improve the organization structure of the melted welding flux and welding flux in the welding area and reduce welding defects;
(4) when the superhard cutter is under the action of ultrasonic vibration, a high-frequency induction power supply is turned on, the copper tube coil generates an induction magnetic field, so that the silver soldering lug and the solder are heated and melted, and under the auxiliary action of ultrasonic, the hard alloy cutter handle is fully wetted, the generation of bubbles in a welding area is reduced, the tissue structure of the welding area is improved, and the welding defects are reduced;
(5) and after the welded part is insulated for a moment, the high-frequency induction power supply is closed, then the ultrasonic generator and the power amplifier are closed, after the part to be welded is naturally cooled, the servo motor is adjusted, the pressure head is lifted, and the welded superhard cutter is taken down.
2. The ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing method for the microminiature superhard cutter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the high-precision coaxiality of the tool bit spring chuck and the tool handle spring chuck is kept, the tool bit spring chuck is ER8 in specification, and the clamping diameter of the tool bit spring chuck is 0.5-5.0 mm; the spring chuck of the knife handle is ER16 specification, and the clamping diameter is 2.0-10.0 mm.
3. The ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing method for the microminiature superhard cutter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature measuring range of the infrared thermometer in the step (2) is 350-1600 ℃, the response time is 10ms, the system precision is +/-1.0 percent, and the measuring range of the pressure sensor is 0-2 MPa.
4. The ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing method for the microminiature superhard cutter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the performance parameters of the ultrasonic vibrator in the step (3) are that the vibration frequency is 15-45KHz, and the amplitude is 0-22 μm.
5. The ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing method for the microminiature superhard cutter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the welding power supply is a high-frequency induction heating power supply, the welding frequency is 600-1100KHZ, and the maximum input power is 6 KW.
6. A microminiature superhard cutter ultrasonic auxiliary high frequency brazing device is characterized in that: the device comprises a clamping device, a measuring device, a high-frequency brazing device and an ultrasonic auxiliary device.
7. The ultrasonic assisted high frequency brazing apparatus for a micro-miniature superhard cutter as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the clamping device comprises a tool bit clamping device and a tool shank clamping device, wherein the tool bit clamping device comprises a base (1), an upright post (14), a pressure head lifting screw rod (12), a tool bit seat (9) and a tool bit spring chuck (21); the knife handle clamping device comprises a base (1), a knife handle seat (4) and a knife handle spring chuck (18); the measuring device comprises an infrared thermometer (15) and a pressure sensor (10), and can be used for monitoring the temperature and the welding pressure of a welding position in real time respectively; the infrared thermometer (15) is arranged on the upright post (14) and ensures that the measuring area is positioned at the welding part; the pressure sensor (10) is arranged between the tool bit seat (9) and the pressure head (11).
8. The ultrasonic assisted high frequency brazing apparatus for a micro-miniature superhard cutter as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the welding pressure of the welding process drives a pressure head lifting screw rod (12) through controlling a servo motor (13) on an upright post (14) to drive a pressure head 11 to realize the welding.
9. The ultrasonic assisted high frequency brazing apparatus for a micro-miniature superhard cutter as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the high-frequency brazing device comprises a high-frequency induction heating power supply (6) and a red copper pipe coil (7).
10. The ultrasonic assisted high frequency brazing apparatus for a micro-miniature superhard cutter as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the ultrasonic auxiliary device comprises an ultrasonic generator (16), a power amplifier (17) and an ultrasonic vibrator (3), wherein the ultrasonic vibrator (3) is fixed on the base (1) by the supporting seat (2), and the ultrasonic generator, the power amplifier and the ultrasonic vibrator are connected through leads.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110258771.0A CN113000967A (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2021-03-10 | Ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing method and device for micro-miniature superhard cutter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110258771.0A CN113000967A (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2021-03-10 | Ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing method and device for micro-miniature superhard cutter |
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| CN202110258771.0A Pending CN113000967A (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2021-03-10 | Ultrasonic-assisted high-frequency brazing method and device for micro-miniature superhard cutter |
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| CN115365775A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-22 | 北京尖刃智能科技有限公司 | Large-length-diameter-ratio micro-small-diameter superhard cutter bar and preparation method thereof |
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