CN112996513A - 新颖哒嗪 - Google Patents
新颖哒嗪 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112996513A CN112996513A CN201980071245.4A CN201980071245A CN112996513A CN 112996513 A CN112996513 A CN 112996513A CN 201980071245 A CN201980071245 A CN 201980071245A CN 112996513 A CN112996513 A CN 112996513A
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Classifications
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- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/50—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines
- A61K31/501—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D237/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings
- C07D237/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D237/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D237/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D237/22—Nitrogen and oxygen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
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Abstract
本发明涉及新颖哒嗪、其制备方法、含有其的药物组合物及其在疗法中的用途,尤其是在治疗及/或预防由自分泌运动因子介导的疾病及病症中的用途。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及新颖哒嗪、其制备方法、含有其的药物组合物及其在疗法中的用途,尤其是在治疗及/或预防由自分泌运动因子介导的疾病及病症中的用途。
【先前技术】
自分泌运动因子(ATX;ENPP2)为一种经由其溶血磷脂酶D活性将溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)水解成生物活性脂质溶血磷脂酸(LPA)的分泌酶。LPA转而通过与六种GPCR(LPA受体1-6,LPAR1-6)相互作用发挥其作用(Houben AJ,2011)。ATX-LPA信号传导已牵涉于例如血管生成、慢性炎症、自体免疫疾病、纤维化疾病、癌症进展及肿瘤转移中。举例而言,作用于LPAR1的LPA诱导肺纤维母细胞迁移、增殖及分化;调节上皮及内皮障壁功能;及促进肺上皮细胞凋亡(Budd,2013)。ATX抑制、LPAR1基因缺失及选择性LPAR1拮抗剂已展示在肺及皮肤纤维化的临床前模型中有效(Tager AM,2008;Swaney J,2010,Casetelino FV,2016)。
在特发性肺纤维化(IPF)患者中,支气管肺泡灌洗液中的LPA含量增加(Tager等人,2008,Nat.Med.)且在人纤维化肺组织中检测到增加的ATX浓度(Oikonomou等人,2012,AJRCMB)。LPA含量在IPF个体的呼出的呼吸冷凝物中升高(Montesi等人,2014_BMCPM),且LPC在稳定IPF患者的血清中增加2倍(Rindlisbacher等人,2018,Resp.Res.)。
因此,增加的ATX含量及/或增加的LPA含量、改变的LPA受体表现及改变的对LPA的反应可影响与ATX-LPA信号传导相关的多种病理生理学病状。
间质肺病(ILD)的特征为肺的间质、组织及气囊间的空间的炎症及纤维化(duBois,Nat.Rev.Drug Discov.2010,9,129-140)。当对肺的损伤触发异常愈合反应时,ILD可能产生。因此,ILD亦包括进行性纤维化间质性肺病(PFILD),其中对肺损伤的反应变得进行性、自持的且与初始临床关联或触发无关。最显著的PF-ILD为特发性肺纤维化(IPF)及全身性硬化症-ILD(SSc-ILD)。
IPF为慢性纤维化不可逆且最终致命的肺病,其特征为肺之间质中的进行性纤维化,导致减小的肺体积及进行性肺机能不足。IPF特征亦为称为常见间质性肺炎(UIP)的特定组织病理学图像(Raghu等人,Am.J.Respir.Crit.Care Med.183:788-824.)。
亦称为硬皮病的全身性硬化症(SSc)为具有复杂病因的免疫介导的风湿性疾病。其为多器官异基因疾病,其特征为针对各种具有高死亡率的细胞抗原的广泛纤维化、血管病变及自体抗体。该疾病为罕见病症,其为一种医疗需求高度未满足的罕见疾病。SSc的早期临床症状可变化。Raynaud的现象及胃-食道回流通常存在于疾病早期中(Rongioletti F等人,J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015;29:2399-404)。一些患者呈现炎性皮肤病、手指浮肿、肌肉骨胳炎症或诸如疲劳的体质性表现。患者皮肤中的过量胶原蛋白沉积使得皮肤较厚且坚韧。在一些患者中,观测到疾病的基于器官的表现,如肺纤维化、肺动脉高血压、肾衰竭或肠胃并发症。另外,涉及免疫的最常见表现的一为存在针对自身细胞核的异常水平的自体免疫抗体(抗细胞核抗体或ANA),其可见于患有SSc的几乎每个人中(Guiducci S等人,Isr Med Assoc J 2016;18:141-43)。ILD及肺动脉高血压(PAH)为SSc患者最常见死因(Tyndall AJ等人,Ann Rheum Dis 2010;69:1809-15)。
SSc患者分为两个主要疾病子集:弥漫性皮肤全身性硬化症及局限性皮肤全身性硬化症(LeRoy EC,等人,J Rheumatol 1988;15:202-5)。三种临床特征-过度纤维化(疤痕)、血管病变及自体免疫性-似乎成为产生不同表现的过程的基础,所述表现可表征SSc。SSc目前视为结缔组织的修复失调或功能异常至损伤的表现形式(Denton CP等人,Lancet2017;390:1685-99)。
因此需要提供强效ATX抑制剂。
不同结构类别的ATX抑制剂可回顾于D.Castagna等人(J.Med.Chem.2016,59,5604-5621)中。WO2014/139882揭示了作为ATX抑制剂的化合物,其具有通用结构式:
其中的实施例2进一步于N.Desroy,等人(J.Med.Chem.2017,60,3580-3590作为实施例11)中,揭示为一流ATX抑制剂,其正在经历治疗特发性肺纤维化的临床评估。在C.Kutruff等人(ACS Med.Chem.Lett.2017,8,1252-1257)中,揭示ATX抑制剂BI-2545(实施例19)显著降低活体内LPA水平。
【发明详述】
本发明提供新颖的哒嗪,其为自分泌运动因子的出人意料有效的抑制剂(分析A),其进一步特征在于
-在人全血中的高效能(分析B),及
-经几个小时活体内LPA的血浆浓度水平的显著降低(分析C)。
本发明化合物适用作治疗或预防如下疾病或病状的药剂,其中ATX活性及/或LPA信号传导参与、涉及疾病的病因或病理,或者否则与疾病的至少一种症状相关。ATX-LPA信号传导已牵涉于例如血管生成、慢性炎症、自体免疫疾病、纤维化疾病、癌症进展及肿瘤转移中。
本发明化合物就以下参数的组合而言优于先前技术中所揭示的彼等化合物:
-作为ATX抑制剂的效能,
-在人全血中作为ATX抑制剂的效能,
-经几个小时活体内降低LPA的血浆浓度水平。
ATX为可溶性血浆蛋白,其在肝素化全血中具有活性。其底物LPC高度丰富,其浓度在μM范围内。因此,全血分析在生理底物浓度下为高度相关分析,预测ATX抑制剂的活体内功效。
活体内LPA的降低系通过在经口服给予本发明化合物之后测量LPA的血浆浓度来测定。LPA为极强生物活性脂质,其经由LPA受体1-6以浓度依赖性方式有效活化下游路径。经由ATX抑制对LPA形成的明显且持续的阻断通过测量化合物给药后8小时LPA减小的程度来评估。因此,血浆LPA在8小时处的高度降低高度指示活体内作用的功效及持续作用时间以及LPA受体的持续目标接合。
本发明化合物在结构上不同于WO2014/139882中的实施例2及12及ACSMed.Chem.Lett.2017,8,1252-1257中的实施例19,原因在于其含有中央哒嗪核心,其具有在3-及6-位置上的取代基。此结构差异出乎意料地导致如下各者的优良组合:(i)ATX的抑制,(ii)在人全血中ATX的抑制,及(iii)经几个小时活体内降低的LPA的血浆浓度水平。
因此,本发明化合物展现较高活体内的目标接合且可预期在人体内具有更高功效。
本发明提供根据式(I)的新颖化合物
其中
A选自由苯基及吡啶基组成的群,该苯基及该吡啶基任选经一或两个由以下组成的群的成员取代:H、C1-4卤烷基-O-、NC-、F、Cl、Br及C1-4烷基-O-;
K选自由以下组成的群:
R3选自由R4(O)C-组成的群;
R4为C1-6烷基。
本发明的另一个实施方式涉及一种式I化合物,其中
A选自由苯基及吡啶基组成的群,该苯基及该吡啶基任选经一或两个由以下组成的群的成员取代:H、F3CO-、NC-、F、Cl、Br及H3CO-;且取代基K如前述实施方式中的任一者中所定义。
本发明的另一个实施方式涉及式I化合物,其中A为苯基,其任选经一个或两个由以下组成的群的成员取代:H、F3CO-、NC-、F、Cl、Br及H3CO-;且取代基K如前述实施方式中的任一者中所定义。
本发明的另一个实施方式涉及式I化合物,其中A为吡啶基,其任选经一个或两个由以下组成的群的成员取代:H、F3CO-、NC-、F、Cl、Br及H3CO-;且取代基K如前述实施方式中的任一者中所定义。
优选为根据本发明的式(I)化合物,其中A选自由以下组成的群:
且取代基K如前述实施方式中的任一者中所定义。
尤其优选为根据本发明的式(I)化合物,其中A选自由以下组成的群:
且取代基K如前述实施方式中的任一者中所定义。
优选为根据本发明的式(I)化合物,其中K选自由以下组成的群:
且取代基A如前述实施方式中的任一者中所定义。
尤其优选为根据本发明的式(I)化合物,其选自由以下组成的群:
另一个实施方式涉及一种根据本发明的式(I)化合物的盐,或特别是,药学上可接受的盐。
另一个实施方式涉及根据本发明的式(I)化合物,其用作药剂。
另一个实施方式涉及药物组合物,其包含至少一种根据本发明的式(I)化合物及一或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂。
所使用的术语及定义
未在本文中特定地定义的术语应由本领域技术人员根据本发明及上下文给出含义。然而,如本说明书中所使用,除非相反地说明,否则以下术语具有指示的含义且遵守以下惯例。
在以下所定义的基、基团或部分中,碳原子数目通常在基团之前指定,例如C1-6烷基意谓具有1至6个碳原子的烷基或烷基团。一般而言,在如HO、H2N、(O)S、(O)2S、NC(氰基)、HOOC、F3C或其类似者的基团中,本领域技术人员可自基团自身的自由价看到分子的一或多个基团连接点。对于包含两个或两个以上亚基的组合基团,最后一个命名的亚基为基团连接点,举例而言,取代基“芳基-C1-3烷基”意谓结合至C1-3烷基的芳基,其中后者键结至核心或键结至连接取代基的基团。
在本发明化合物以化学名称的形式且作为化学式描绘的情况下,如果存在任何不一致,应以化学式为准。可在子式中使用星号以指示连接至如所定义的核心分子的键。
取代基的原子的计数以最接近核心或与取代基所连接的基团的原子开始。
举例而言,术语“3-羧基丙基”表示如下取代基:
其中该羧基连接至该丙基的第三碳原子。术语“1-甲基丙基-”、“2,2-二甲基丙基-”或“环丙基甲基-”表示如下基团:
可在子式中使用星号以指示连接至如所定义的核心分子的键。
术语“C1-n烷基”,其中n为选自2、3、4、5或6、优选4或6的整数,单独或与另一基团组合表示具有1至n个C原子的非环状、饱和、分支链或直链烃基。举例而言,术语C1-5烷基涵盖基团H3C-、H3C-CH2-、H3C-CH2-CH2-、H3C-CH(CH3)-、H3C-CH2-CH2-CH2-、H3C-CH2-CH(CH3)-、H3C-CH(CH3)-CH2-、H3C-C(CH3)2-、H3C-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-、H3C-CH2-CH2-CH(CH3)-、H3C-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-、H3C-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-、H3C-CH2-C(CH3)2-、H3C-C(CH3)2-CH2-、H3C-CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)-及H3C-CH2-CH(CH2CH3)-。
术语“卤素”表示氯、溴、碘及氟。术语“卤基”添加至“烷基”、“亚烷基”或“环烷基”(饱和或不饱和)中为如下烷基或环烷基:其中一或多个氢原子经选自氟、氯或溴、优选氟及氯、尤其优选为氟的卤素原子置换。实施例包括:H2FC-、HF2C-、F3C-。
术语苯基系指以下环的基团:
术语吡啶基系指以下环的基团:
术语哒嗪系指以下环:
除非特定指示,否则在整个说明书及权利要求中,给定化学式或名称将涵盖其互变异构体及所有立体异构体、光学异构体及几何异构体(例如对映异构体、非对映异构体、E/Z异构体等)及外消旋体以及以不同比例的独立对映异构体、非对映异构体的混合物或存在此类异构体及对映异构体之前述形式中的任一者的混合物,以及盐(包括其药学上可接受的盐)及其溶剂合物(诸如游离化合物的水合物,包括溶剂合物)或该化合物的盐的溶剂合物。
一般而言,实质上纯立体异构体可根据本领域技术人员已知的合成原理,例如通过分离相应混合物、通过使用立体化学纯起始物质及/或通过立体选择性合成来获得。此项技术中已知如何制备光学活性形式,诸如通过外消旋形式的拆分或通过合成(例如以光学活性起始物质起始)及/或通过使用手性试剂。
本发明的对映异构纯化合物或中间产物可经由不对称合成,例如通过制备适当非对映异构化合物或中间产物及后续分离来制备,所述化合物或中间产物可通过常规方法(例如通过色谱分离或结晶)及/或通过使用手性试剂,诸如手性起始物质、手性催化剂或手性助剂来分离。
此外,本领域技术人员已知如何自相应外消旋混合物制备对映异构纯化合物,诸如通过在手性固定相上色谱分离相应外消旋混合物;或通过使用适当解析剂解析外消旋混合物,例如藉助于外消旋化合物与光学活性酸或碱形成非对映异构性盐,随后使盐解析且自盐释放所需化合物;或藉助于以光学活性手性助剂试剂衍生对应外消旋化合物,随后非对映异构体分离及移除手性助剂基团;或通过外消旋体的动力学解析(例如通过酶解析);通过在适合条件下自镜像晶体的聚结物进行对映选择性结晶;或通过在光活性手性助剂存在下自适合溶剂(分步)结晶。
词组“药学上可接受”在本文中用于指如下彼等化合物、物质、组合物及/或剂型,其在合理医学判断范畴内,适用于与人类及动物的组织接触而无过度毒性、刺激、过敏反应或其他问题或并发症,且与合理益处/风险比相称。
如本文所用,“药学上可接受的盐”系指所揭示的化合物的衍生物,其中母体化合物与酸或碱形成盐或复合物。
与含有碱性部分的母体化合物形成药学上可接受的盐的酸的实施例包括无机酸或有机酸,诸如苯磺酸、苯甲酸、柠檬酸、乙磺酸、反丁烯二酸、龙胆酸、氢溴酸、盐酸、顺丁烯二酸、苹果酸、丙二酸、杏仁酸、甲磺酸、4-甲基-苯磺酸、磷酸、水杨酸、丁二酸、硫酸及酒石酸。
与含有酸性部分的母体化合物形成药学上可接受的盐的阳离子及碱的实施例包括Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、NH4 +、L-精氨酸、2,2'-亚胺双乙醇、L-离氨酸、N-甲基-D-葡糖胺或参(羟基甲基)-氨基甲烷。
本发明的药学上可接受的盐可通过常规化学方法自含有碱性或酸性部分的母体化合物合成。一般而言,此类盐可通过使此等化合物的游离酸或碱形式与足量适当碱或酸在水中或在有机稀释剂(如乙醚、乙酸乙酯、乙醇、异丙醇或乙腈)或其混合物中反应来制备。
除上文所提及的彼等盐外,例如适用于纯化或分离本发明化合物的其他酸的盐(例如三氟乙酸盐)亦构成本发明的一部分。
生物分析
化合物的生物活性通过以下方法测定:
分析A:生物化学ATX分析
将5nM重组ATX(Cayman Chemicals)补充至含有3mM KCl、1mM CaCl2、1mM MgCl2、0.14mM NaCl及0.1%牛血清白蛋白的50mM Tris缓冲液(pH 8.0)中。将测试化合物溶解于DMSO中且在0.1nM至10μM范围内进行测试。酶促反应(22.5μL)通过添加2.5μL 10μM 18:1LPC(Avanti Lipids,Alabaster,AL,USA)开始。在室温下培育2小时之后,通过添加含有500nM 20:4LPA作为内标的20μL水及用于提取LPA的100μL 1-丁醇停止反应。随后,将盘在4000rpm、4℃下离心2分钟。所得上部丁醇相直接用于RapidFire系统(Agilent)注射。
RapidFire自动进样器耦接至二元泵(Agilent 1290)及Triple Quad6500(ABSciex,Toronto,Canada)。此系统配备有10-μL环、5-μL Waters Atlantis HILIC盒(Waters,Elstree,UK)、作为洗脱剂A的含有10mM乙酸铵的90%乙腈及作为洗脱剂B的含有10mM乙酸铵的40%乙腈。详情参见(Bretschneider等人,SLAS Discovery,2017)。在具有550℃的源温度、气帘=35、气体1=65及气体2=80的负模式下操作MS。测定各别LPA的以下转变及MS参数(DP:去丛集电位及CE:碰撞能量):
在435.2/152.8下的18:1LPA,DP=-40、CE=-28及在457.2/152.8下的20:4LPA,DP=-100、CE=-27。
监测18:1LPA的形成且评估其与20:4LPA的比率。
表1:如分析A中所获得的本发明化合物的生物资料
表2:如分析A中所获得的先前技术化合物(WO2014/139882中的实施例2及12)的生物资料。
WO2014/139882中的实施例 | 人ATX LPA IC<sub>50</sub>[nM] |
2 | 5 |
12 | 2 |
表3:如分析A中所获得的先前技术化合物(ACS Med.Chem.Lett.2017,8,1252-1257中的实施例19)的生物数据。
分析B:全血ATX分析
45μL人全血补充有5μL溶解于磷酸盐缓冲盐水中的测试化合物(浓度在0.12nM至100μM范围内)。此混合物在37℃下培育1小时且通过添加含有30mM柠檬酸(pH 4)及1μM 17:0LPA(内标)的100μL 40mM磷酸氢二钠缓冲液而停止。通过添加500μL 1-丁醇萃取LPA,随后在4000rpm、4℃下离心10分钟。将200μL等分试样自所得有机上清液转移至96位深孔盘中且转移以进行基于RapidFire的MS/MS测量。
RapidFire自动进样器耦接至二元泵(Agilent 1290)及Triple Quad6500(ABSciex,Toronto,Canada)。此系统配备有10-μL环、5-μL Waters Atlantis HILIC盒(Waters,Elstree,UK)、作为洗脱剂A的含有10mM乙酸铵的90%乙腈及作为洗脱剂B的含有10mM乙酸铵的40%乙腈。详情参见(Bretschneider等人,SLAS Discovery,2017,22,425-432)。在具有550℃的源温度、气帘=35、气体1=65及气体2=80的负模式下操作MS。测定各别LPA的以下转变及MS参数(DP:去丛集电位及CE:碰撞能量):在433.2/152.8下的18:2LPA,DP=-150、CE=-27及在423.5/152.8下的17:0LPA,DP=-100。
监测18:2LPA的形成且评估其与17:0LPA的比率。
表4:如分析B中所获得的本发明化合物的生物资料
表5:如分析B中所获得的先前技术化合物(WO2014/139882中的实施例2及12)的生物资料。
WO2014/139882中的实施例 | 人全血LPA IC<sub>50</sub>[nM] |
2 | 370 |
12 | 50 |
表6:如分析B中所获得的先前技术化合物(ACS Med.Chem.Lett.2017,8,1252-1257中的实施例19)的生物数据。
分析C:活体内
将测试物质溶解于补充有0.015%Tween 80的0.5%萘酚中用于以5mg/kg的剂量经口施用至大鼠。在化合物给予之前及施用8小时后使用EDTA作为凝聚剂在冰上收集血液样品。随后,通过离心制备血浆且储存直至在-20℃下分析。
来自血浆样品的LPA通过使用由Scherer等人(Clinical chemistry 2009,55,1218-22)描述的程序提取。将35μL肝素化血浆与含有30mM柠檬酸(pH 4)及1μM 17:0LPA(内标)的200μL 40mM磷酸氢二钠缓冲液混合。随后,添加500μL丁醇且剧烈震荡10min。随后在4000rpm、4℃下离心样品10分钟。将500μL有机上层相转移至新制96-深孔盘中且在15psi的平缓氮气流下蒸发45分钟。将所得残余物溶解于100μL乙醇中然后进行LC-MS分析。
用于活体内样品的分析的LC-MS方法
Triple Quad 6500(ABSciex,Toronto,Canada)配备有Agilent 1290LC系统(Agilent,Santa Clara,CA)、CTC自动进样器及Atlantis 50×2.1-mm,3-μmHILIC LC管柱(Waters,Elstree,UK)。洗脱剂A含有在水中的0.2%甲酸及50mM甲酸铵,而洗脱剂B由在乙腈中的0.2%甲酸组成。LC梯度始于95%溶剂B且在1.5min内降低至75%溶剂B及在0.2min内降低至50%溶剂B,流动速率进一步自500μL·min-1增加至700μL·min-1。在1.8min时,将溶剂B设定回95%且保持恒定0.7min以用于管柱的再平衡。监测以下LPA物质(DP:去丛集电位及CE:碰撞能量):在409.2/152.8下的16:0LPA,DP=-150、CE=-28;在437.3/152.8下的18:0LPA,DP=-60、CE=-28;在435.2/152.8下的18:1LPA,DP=-40、CE=-28;在433.2/152.8下的18:2LPA,DP=-150、CE=-28;在457.2/152.8下的20:4LPA,DP=-100、CE=-29及在423.5/152.8下的17:0LPA,DP=-100、CE=-36。
在测试化合物施用之前基于基线LPA水平计算呈百分比形式的LPA的耗尽。LPA的总和系指物质16:0;18:0;18:1;18:2及20:4。
表7:如分析C中所获得的本发明化合物的生物资料。
实施例 | 在8h下LPA的减少[%] |
1.4 | 95.7 |
2.1 | 98.3 |
表8:如分析C中所获得的先前技术化合物(WO2014/139882中的实施例2及12)的生物资料。
实施例 | 在8h下LPA的减少[%] |
2 | 58.1 |
12 | 60.3 |
表9:如分析C中所获得的先前技术化合物(ACS Med.Chem.Lett.2017,8,1252-1257中的实施例19)的生物数据。
实施例 | 在8h下LPA的减少[%] |
19 | 40.7 |
治疗方法
本发明系针对通式(I)化合物,其适用于预防及/或治疗与ATX及/或LPA的生物活性相关或由其调节的疾病及/或病状,包括(但不限于)治疗及/或预防炎性病状、纤维化疾病、呼吸系统的病状、肾脏病状、肝脏病状、血管及心脏血管病状、癌症、眼部病状、代谢病状、胆汁郁积及其他形式的慢性搔痒病,及急性与慢性器官移植排斥反应及神经系统的病状。
通式(I)的化合物适用于预防及/或治疗炎性病状,包括(但不限于)综合征、关节炎、骨关节炎、多发性硬化症、全身性红斑狼疮、炎性肠病、炎性呼吸道疾病,诸如慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)及慢性哮喘;纤维化疾病,包括(但不限于)间质性肺病(ILD),包括诸如特发性肺纤维化(IPF)及SSC-ILD的进行性纤维化间质性肺病(PFILD)、家族性间质性肺病心肌及血管纤维化、肾纤维化、肝纤维化、肺纤维化、皮肤纤维化、胶原蛋白血管疾病,包括全身性硬化症(SSc)及包囊性腹膜炎;呼吸系统的病状,包括(但不限于)不同病源学的弥漫性实质肺病,包括医源性药物诱导的纤维化、职业性及/或环境诱导的纤维化、全身性疾病及血管炎、肉芽肿性疾病(类肉瘤病、过敏性肺炎);肾脏病状,包括(但不限于)急性肾脏损伤及具有及不具有蛋白尿的慢性肾病,包括末期肾病(ESRD)、局部区段性肾丝球硬化、IgA肾病、血管炎/全身性疾病以及急性及慢性肾脏移植排斥反应;肝脏病状,包括(但不限于)肝硬化、肝充血、包括搔痒病的胆汁郁积性肝病、原发性胆道胆管炎、非酒精性脂肪变性肝炎及急性与慢性肝脏移植排斥反应;血管病状,包括(但不限于)动脉粥样硬化、血栓性血管疾病以及血栓性微血管病、增生性动脉病(诸如由粘液性胞外基质包围的肿胀肌内膜细胞及结节状增厚)、内皮细胞功能不良;心血管病状,包括(但不限于)急性冠状动脉综合征、冠心病、心肌梗塞、动脉及肺高血压、心律不齐(诸如心房颤动)、中风及其他血管损伤;癌症及癌转移,包括(但不限于)乳癌、卵巢癌、肺癌、前列腺癌、间皮瘤、神经胶质瘤、肝癌、胃肠癌及其进展及转移性侵袭;眼部病状,包括(但不限于)增生性及非增生性(糖尿病性)视网膜病、干性及湿性年龄相关黄斑变性(AMD)、黄斑水肿、中枢动脉/静脉闭塞、创伤性损伤、青光眼;代谢病状,包括(但不限于)肥胖症、血脂异常及糖尿病;神经系统的病状,包括(但不限于)神经痛、阿尔茨海默症、精神分裂症、神经炎症(例如,星状细胞增生)、外周及/或自主(糖尿病性)神经病。
因此,本发明涉及一种用作药剂的通式(I)化合物。
此外,本发明涉及通式(I)化合物用于治疗及/或预防与ATX及/或LPA的生物活性相关或由其调节的疾病及/或病状的用途。
此外,本发明涉及通式(I)化合物用于治疗及/或预防与ATX及/或LPA的生物活性相关或由其调节的疾病及/或病状的用途,所述疾病及/或病状包括(但不限于)炎性病状、纤维化疾病、呼吸系统的病状、肾脏病状、肝脏病状、血管及心脏血管病状、癌症、眼部病状、代谢病状、胆汁郁积及其他形式的慢性搔痒病,及急性与慢性器官移植排斥反应及神经系统的病状。
此外,本发明涉及通式(I)化合物用于治疗及/或预防以下病状的用途:炎性病状,包括(但不限于)综合征、关节炎、骨关节炎、多发性硬化症、全身性红斑性狼疮、炎性肠病、炎性呼吸道疾病,诸如慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)及慢性哮喘;纤维化疾病,包括(但不限于)间质性肺病(ILD),包括诸如特发性肺纤维化(IPF)及SSC-ILD的进行性纤维化间质性肺病(PFILD)、家族性间质性肺病心肌及血管纤维化、肾纤维化、肝纤维化、肺纤维化、皮肤纤维化、胶原蛋白血管疾病,包括全身性硬化症(SSc)及包囊性腹膜炎;呼吸系统的病状,包括(但不限于)不同病源学的弥漫性实质肺病,包括医源性药物诱导的纤维化、职业性及/或环境诱导的纤维化、全身性疾病及血管炎、肉芽肿性疾病(类肉瘤病、过敏性肺炎);肾脏病状,包括(但不限于)急性肾脏损伤及具有及不具有蛋白尿的慢性肾病,包括末期肾病(ESRD)、局部区段性肾丝球硬化、IgA肾病、血管炎/全身性疾病以及急性及慢性肾脏移植排斥反应;肝脏病状,包括(但不限于)肝硬化、肝充血、包括搔痒病的胆汁郁积性肝病、原发性胆道胆管炎、非酒精性脂肪变性肝炎以及急性及慢性肝脏移植排斥反应;血管病状,包括(但不限于)动脉粥样硬化、血栓性血管疾病以及血栓性微血管病、增生性动脉病(诸如由粘液性胞外基质包围的肿胀肌内膜细胞及结节状增厚)、内皮细胞功能不良;心血管病状,包括(但不限于)急性冠状动脉综合征、冠心病、心肌梗塞、动脉及肺高血压、心律不齐(诸如心房颤动)、中风及其他血管损伤;癌症及癌转移,包括(但不限于)乳癌、卵巢癌、肺癌、前列腺癌、间皮瘤、神经胶质瘤、肝癌、胃肠癌及其进展及转移性侵袭;眼部病状,包括(但不限于)增生性及非增生性(糖尿病性)视网膜病、干性及湿性年龄相关黄斑变性(AMD)、黄斑水肿、中枢动脉/静脉闭塞、创伤性损伤、青光眼;代谢病状,包括(但不限于)肥胖症、血脂异常及糖尿病;神经系统的病状,包括(但不限于)神经痛、阿尔茨海默症、精神分裂症、神经炎症(例如,星状细胞增生)、外周及/或自主(糖尿病性)神经病。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及一种用于治疗及/或预防上文所提及的疾病及病状的通式(I)化合物。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及通式(I)化合物的用途,其用于制备供治疗及/或预防上文所提及的疾病及病状的药剂。
在本发明的另一个方面中,本发明涉及用于治疗或预防上文所提及的疾病及病状的方法,该方法包含向人类给予有效量的通式(I)化合物。
药物组合物
用于给予式(I)化合物的适合制剂对于一般技术者将为显而易见的,且包括例如片剂、丸剂、胶囊、栓剂、口含片、糖衣片、溶液、糖浆、酏剂、药囊、可注射剂、吸入剂及散剂等。
可例如通过将一或多种根据式I的化合物与已知赋形剂(例如惰性稀释剂、载剂、崩解剂、佐剂、表面活性剂、粘合剂及/或润滑剂)混合来获得适合的片剂。
组合疗法
根据本发明的化合物可与已知用于此项技术中的其他治疗选择组合,使得至少两种有效量的活性化合物用于治疗本发明可同时适用的适应症。尽管组合疗法优选包括同时向患者给予两种活性化合物,但不必同时向患者给予化合物,但有效量的个体化合物将同时存在于患者中。根据本发明的化合物可与如本文另外描述的一或多种组合搭配物一起给予。
因此,本发明提供根据任一前述实施方式的式(I)化合物,其特征在于除用一或多种抗炎剂分子治疗外,亦给予式(I)化合物,该一或多种抗炎剂分子系来自由如下组成的清单:IL6调节剂、抗IL6R调节剂及IL13/IL4 JAKi调节剂。
根据另一个方面,本发明提供根据前述实施方式中任一者的式(I)化合物,其特征在于除用一或多种抗纤维化分子治疗外,亦给予式(I)化合物,该一或多种抗纤维化分子系来自由如下组成的清单:CB2激动剂、TGF调节剂、FGFR调节剂、VEGFR抑制剂、PDGFR抑制剂、FGF调节剂、αvβ6整合素调节剂、抗CTGF抗体、ROCK2抑制剂、rhPTX-2(Pentraxin-2)、JNK1抑制剂、LOXL2抑制剂、Galectin3抑制剂、MK2抑制剂、Wnt路径抑制剂、TGFR抑制剂、PDE4调节剂及微RNA调节剂。
根据另一个方面,本发明提供一种如前述实施方式中任一项的式(I)化合物,其特征在于除了尼达尼布外,亦给予式(I)化合物。
根据另一个方面,本发明提供一种如前述实施方式中任一项的式(I)化合物,其特征在于除吡非尼酮外,亦给予式(I)化合物。
制备
根据本发明的化合物可使用本领域技术人员已知及描述于有机合成的文献中的合成方法获得。优选地,类似于下文更充分阐述的制备方法(特别是,如实验章节中所描述)来获得化合物。
通式(I)化合物可通过哒嗪基卤化物或三氟甲磺酸酯(II)与胺(III)的钯介导的布赫瓦尔德反应(Buchwald reaction)或铜介导的乌尔曼反应(Ullmann reaction)来制备其中X为离去基,其例如表示Cl、Br、I或OTf(三氟甲磺酸酯)。
通式(I)化合物可替代地通过哒嗪基卤化物或三氟甲磺酸酯(VIII)与醇(VII)的钯介导的布赫瓦尔德反应或铜介导的乌尔曼反应制备,其中X为离去基,其例如表示Cl、Br、I或OTf(三氟甲磺酸酯)。
实施例
实验部分
如下实施例意欲说明本发明而不对其进行限制。术语“环境温度”及“室温”可互换使用且表示约20℃的温度。
缩写词:
制备起始化合物
实施例I.1
3-(3,5-二氯-苯甲氧基)-6-碘-哒嗪
在0℃下向含1.00g(3.01mmol)(3,5-二氯-苯基)-甲醇的19mL THF中缓慢添加含138mg(3.16mmol)氢化钠的矿物油(55%)且在0℃下搅拌混合物30min。在0℃下将560mg(3.16mmol)3,6-二碘哒嗪逐份添加至混合物中且搅拌隔夜。用水稀释反应混合物,滤出沉淀物,用水洗涤且在40℃下干燥。
C11H7Cl2IN2O(M=380.9g/mol)
ESI-MS:381/383/385[M+H]+
Rt(HPLC):1.20min(方法B)
类似于实施例I.1制备如下化合物。
对于实施例I.2,在MeOH中搅拌沉淀物,滤出且在40℃下干燥。
对于实施例I.8,自ACN重结晶沉淀物。
对于实施例I.9,滤出沉淀物且用THF洗涤。此后,沉淀物用水及DCM/MeOH萃取,有机层经MgSO4干燥,过滤且真空移除溶剂。用叔丁基甲基醚稀释残余物,滤出沉淀且在40℃下干燥。
实施例II.1
4-(1-乙酰基-哌啶-4-基)-苯甲腈
向含2.50g(13.4mmol)4-(4'-氰基苯基)哌啶的10.0mL DCM中逐滴添加1.27mL(13.4mmol)乙腈。在室温下搅拌4小时后,将反应混合物添加至水中且用DCM萃取。有机层经MgSO4干燥,过滤且真空移除溶剂。残余物用DIPE处理,滤出沉淀物,用DIPE洗涤且在室温下干燥隔夜。
C14H16N2O (M=228.3g/mol)
ESI-MS:229[M+H]+
Rt(HPLC):0.87min(方法A)
类似于实施例II.1制备如下化合物。
对于实施例II.2,用水萃取反应混合物。通过添加Na2CO3水溶液来中和有机层,且用饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤,经MgSO4干燥,过滤且真空移除溶剂。用ACN/DIPE处理残余物,滤出沉淀物且在40℃下干燥隔夜。
实施例X.1
1-[4-(4-胺甲基-苯基)-哌嗪-1-基]-乙酮
向含950mg(4.14mmol)4-(4-乙酰基-哌嗪-1-基)-苯甲腈(实施例II.2)的10mL甲醇氨溶液中添加90mg阮尼(Raney)镍。在室温下搅拌反应混合物且历经6小时添加氢气(3巴)。过滤混合物且通过蒸发浓缩滤液。通过HPLC纯化残余物。
C13H19N3O (M=233.3g/mol)
ESI-MS:234[M+H]+
Rt(HPLC):0.56min(方法B)
实施例XI.1
1-[4-(4-胺甲基-苯基)-哌啶-1-基]-乙酮
向含890mg(3.90mmol)4-(1-乙酰基-哌啶-4-基)-苯甲腈(实施例II.1)的20mL乙醇氨溶液中添加80.0mg阮尼镍。在40℃下搅拌反应混合物且历经18.5小时添加氢气(3巴)。过滤混合物,滤液通过蒸发浓缩且残余物通过反相色谱HPLC(ACN/H2O/NH4OH)纯化。
C14H20N2O (M=232.3g/mol)
ESI-MS:233[M+H]+
Rt(HPLC):0.64min(方法A)
最终化合物的制备
实施例1
实施例1.1
1-[4-(4-{[6-(3,5-二氯-苯甲氧基)-哒嗪-3-基氨基]-甲基}-苯基)-哌嗪-1-基]-乙酮
在氩气下在90℃下将含100mg(0.262mmol)3-(3,5-二氯-苯甲氧基)-6-碘-哒嗪(实施例I.1)、67.3mg(0.289mmol)1-[4-(4-胺甲基-苯基)-哌嗪-1-基]-乙酮(实施例X.1)、5.00mg(26.2μmol)碘化铜(I)、8.83mg(52.5μmol)2-(2-甲基-1-氧丙基)环己酮及256.5g(0.787mmol)碳酸铯的1.5mL DMF搅拌4小时。过滤反应混合物且通过反相色谱HPLC纯化。
C24H25Cl2N5O2 (M=486.4g/mol)
ESI-MS:486/488/490[M+H]+
Rt(HPLC):0.88min(方法B)
根据上文所描述的实施例1.1制备以下化合物:
对于实施例1.2及1.3,使用0.25当量碘化铜(I)及2.50当量碳酸铯。
实施例2
实施例2.1
1-[4-(4-{[6-(6-甲氧基-吡啶-3-基甲氧基)-哒嗪-3-基氨基]-甲基}-苯基)-哌嗪-1-基]乙酮
在60℃下将含100mg(0.291mmol)3-碘-6-(6-甲氧基-吡啶-3-基甲氧基)-哒嗪(实施例I.3)、81.5mg(0.350mmol)1-[4-(4-胺甲基-苯基)-哌嗪-1-基]乙酮(实施例X.1)、26.4mg(29.1μmol)Brett Phos Pd G3、15.6mg(29.1μmol)Brett Phos及84.0mg(0.874mmol)叔丁醇钠的2.3mL二噁烷搅拌隔夜。过滤反应混合物且通过反相色谱HPLC纯化。
C24H28N6O3 (M=448.5g/mol)
ESI-MS:449[M+H]+
Rt(HPLC):0.73min(方法B)
根据上文所描述的实施例2.1制备如下化合物:
对于实施例2.2及2.5,将反应混合物添加至水中且用DCM萃取。有机层用水洗涤,经MgSO4干燥,过滤且真空移除溶剂。将残余物溶解于ACN中且通过反相色谱HPLC纯化。
分析HPLC法
方法A
分析管柱:Stable Bond(Agilent)1.8μm;3.0×30mm;管柱温度:60℃
方法B
分析管柱:Sunfire(Waters)2.5μm;3.0×30mm;管柱温度:60℃
方法C
分析管柱:XBridge C18(Waters)2.5μm;3.0×30mm;管柱温度:60℃
方法G
分析管柱:XBridge C18(Waters)2.5μm;3.0×30mm;管柱温度:60℃
方法H
分析管柱:XBridge C18(Waters)3.5μm;3.0×30mm;管柱温度:60℃
方法I
分析管柱:Sunfire C18(Waters)2.5μm;3.0×30mm;管柱温度:60℃
Claims (13)
2.如权利要求1的式(I)化合物,其中A选自由苯基及吡啶基组成的群,该苯基及该吡啶基任选经一或两个由以下组成的群的成员取代:H、F3CO-、NC-、F、Cl、Br及H3CO-。
3.如权利要求1的式(I)化合物,其中A为苯基,其任选经一或两个由以下组成的群的成员取代:H、F3CO-、NC-、F、Cl、Br及H3CO-。
4.如权利要求1的式(I)化合物,其中A为吡啶基,其任选经一或两个由以下组成的群的成员取代:H、F3CO-、NC-、F、Cl、Br及H3CO-。
9.如权利要求1至8中任一项的式(I)化合物的盐,特别是,药学上可接受的盐。
10.如权利要求1至9中任一项的化合物,其用作药剂。
11.一种药物组合物,其包含至少一种如权利要求1至9中任一项的化合物及一或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂。
12.如权利要求1至9中任一项的化合物,其用于治疗或预防炎性呼吸道疾病及纤维化疾病。
13.如权利要求1至9中任一项的化合物,其用于治疗或预防特发性肺病(IPF)及全身性硬化症(SSc)。
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