CN112987349A - Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, manufacturing method and display device - Google Patents
Display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, manufacturing method and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112987349A CN112987349A CN202110177256.XA CN202110177256A CN112987349A CN 112987349 A CN112987349 A CN 112987349A CN 202110177256 A CN202110177256 A CN 202110177256A CN 112987349 A CN112987349 A CN 112987349A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
Abstract
The invention discloses a display panel with switchable wide and narrow visual angles, a manufacturing method and a display device. The dye liquid crystal molecules are driven to deflect, so that the dye liquid crystal molecules absorb light rays in the large visual angle direction, the light rays are darkened in the large visual angle direction to achieve narrow visual angle display, the light rays cannot be dazzled in the large visual angle direction, and the narrow visual angle effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, a manufacturing method and a display device.
Background
With the continuous progress of the liquid crystal display technology, the visual angle of the display has been widened from about 112 ° to over 122 °, and people want to effectively protect business confidentiality and personal privacy while enjoying visual experience brought by a large visual angle, so as to avoid business loss or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. Therefore, in addition to the requirement of wide viewing angle, in many cases, the display device is required to have the function of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.
At present mainly take attached tripe barrier film on the display screen to realize the switching of wide narrow visual angle, when needs peep-proof, utilize the tripe barrier film to cover the screen and can reduce the visual angle, but this kind of mode needs additionally to prepare the tripe barrier film, can cause very big inconvenience for the user, and a tripe barrier film can only realize a visual angle, in case after the attached tripe barrier film, the visual angle is just fixed in narrow visual angle mode, lead to can't freely switch between wide visual angle mode and narrow visual angle mode, and the peep-proof piece can cause the luminance to reduce and influence the display effect.
In the prior art, a vertical electric field is applied to liquid crystal molecules by using a viewing angle control electrode on one side of a Color Filter (CF) substrate, so that liquid crystals deflect in a vertical direction, and light leaks in a large viewing angle direction, thereby realizing a narrow viewing angle mode. However, such a display panel applies a small voltage even at a wide viewing angle, and thus has high power consumption, and a narrow viewing angle is realized by light leakage at a large viewing angle, and thus the narrow viewing angle is more glaring and the display effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention provides a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device, so as to solve the problem of poor narrow viewing angle effect of the display panel in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a display panel with switchable wide and narrow visual angles, which comprises a dimming box, wherein the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, wherein the second substrate is arranged opposite to the first substrate, the first liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye liquid crystal molecules which are mixed with each other, the light absorption capacity of the long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules is greater than that of the short axis, a first electrode with a first convex structure is arranged on the first substrate, a second electrode with a second convex structure is arranged on the second substrate, and the projections of the first convex structure and the second convex structure in the direction parallel to the first substrate are mutually staggered;
in a first viewing angle mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is less than a first preset value;
and in a second viewing angle mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is greater than a second preset value, and an inclined electric field is formed between the first convex structure and the second convex structure.
Further, the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure are provided with inclined planes, and the inclined plane of the first protruding structure is parallel to the inclined plane corresponding to the second protruding structure.
Further, the inclined angles of the inclined planes of the first convex structure and the second convex structure are both 30-60 degrees.
Further, the cross-sectional shapes of the first convex structure and the second convex structure comprise triangular, trapezoidal or arc structures.
Further, the top plan structure of the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure is a straight strip structure or a ring structure.
Furthermore, the first substrate is provided with a first protrusion structure on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer, the first electrode covers a side of the first protrusion structure facing the first liquid crystal layer and forms the first protrusion structure at a position of the first protrusion structure; the second substrate is provided with a second protruding structure on one side facing the first liquid crystal layer, and the second electrode covers one side of the second protruding structure facing the first liquid crystal layer and forms a second protruding structure at the position of the second protruding structure.
Further, the liquid crystal molecules are negative liquid crystal molecules, and the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules are aligned perpendicular to the surfaces of the first electrode and the second electrode; or the liquid crystal molecules are positive liquid crystal molecules, and the positive liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules are aligned in parallel to the surfaces of the first electrode and the second electrode.
Furthermore, the display panel also comprises a display liquid crystal box, the display liquid crystal box and the dimming box are arranged in a laminated mode, and the dimming box is located above or below the display liquid crystal box; the display liquid crystal box comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate arranged opposite to the color film substrate and a second liquid crystal layer positioned between the color film substrate and the array substrate, wherein an upper polarizer is arranged on the color film substrate, a lower polarizer is arranged on the array substrate, and a light transmission axis of the upper polarizer is vertical to a light transmission axis of the lower polarizer.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the display panel, which is used for manufacturing the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, and the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
manufacturing a first protruding structure on a first substrate, covering a first electrode on the first protruding structure, forming a first protruding structure at a position corresponding to the first protruding structure, covering a first insulating layer between adjacent first protruding structures, and covering a first alignment layer on the first electrode and the first insulating layer;
manufacturing a second protruding structure on a second substrate, covering a second electrode on the second protruding structure, forming a second protruding structure at a position corresponding to the second protruding structure, covering a second insulating layer between adjacent second protruding structures, and covering a second alignment layer on the second electrode and the second insulating layer; the projections of the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure in the direction parallel to the first substrate are staggered with each other;
and injecting a first liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate to form the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
The invention also provides a display device which comprises the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the display panel with the switchable narrow visual angle comprises a dimming box, the dimming box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, the second substrate is arranged opposite to the first substrate, the first liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, the first liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye liquid crystal molecules which are mixed with each other, the light absorption capacity of a long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules is larger than that of a short axis, a first electrode with a first protruding structure is arranged on the first substrate, a second electrode with a second protruding structure is arranged on the second substrate, and the projection of the first protruding structure and the projection of the second protruding structure in the direction parallel to the first substrate are staggered with each other. The dye liquid crystal molecules are driven to deflect, so that the dye liquid crystal molecules absorb light rays in the large visual angle direction, the light rays are darkened in the large visual angle direction to achieve narrow visual angle display, the light rays cannot be dazzled in the large visual angle direction, and the narrow visual angle effect is good.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a first electrode according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a first electrode according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a second schematic plan view of the display device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description will be given of specific embodiments, structures, features and effects of a display panel and a manufacturing method thereof and a display device with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments:
[ example one ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the first embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 5 is a schematic plan structural diagram of a first electrode in the first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a light modulation cell 10 and a display liquid crystal cell 20, wherein the light modulation cell 10 and the display liquid crystal cell 20 are stacked. In this embodiment, the dimming cell 10 is disposed above the display liquid crystal cell 20, that is, the display liquid crystal cell 20 is disposed between the dimming cell 10 and the backlight module 40, the dimming cell 10 is used for controlling a viewing angle of the display device, and the display liquid crystal cell 20 is used for controlling the display device to display a normal picture. Of course, the light modulation cell 10 may be disposed below the display liquid crystal cell 20.
The light modulation box 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 disposed opposite to the first substrate 11, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, wherein the first liquid crystal layer 13 includes liquid crystal molecules 131 and dye liquid crystal molecules 132 mixed with each other, and a light absorption capacity of a long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 is greater than a light absorption capacity of a short axis. The first substrate 11 is provided with a first electrode 112 having a first protrusion structure, the second substrate 12 is provided with a second electrode 122 having a second protrusion structure, and projections of the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure in a direction parallel to the first substrate 11 are staggered with each other, for example, projections of the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure on the first substrate 11 are staggered with each other. Preferably, the distance between two adjacent first protruding structures is smaller than or equal to the width of the second protruding structure, and the distance between two adjacent second protruding structures is smaller than or equal to the width of the first protruding structure, so that the narrow viewing angle effect is prevented from being poor due to the fact that the distance between the protruding structures is too large.
In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules 131 in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are negative liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy), and as shown in fig. 1, in the initial state (wide viewing angle), the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are in an attitude perpendicular to the surfaces of the first electrode 112 and the second electrode 122. It is understood that, in the present embodiment, an alignment layer needs to be disposed on both sides of the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13 to align the first liquid crystal layer 13. However, the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 near the tips of the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure are affected by the peripheral negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132, and thus do not have a normal posture perpendicular to the surfaces of the first electrode 112 and the second electrode 122 in practice. The dye liquid crystal molecules 132 are positive dye liquid crystal molecules, the light absorption capacity of the long axis of the positive dye liquid crystal molecules is greater than that of the short axis, and the positive dye liquid crystal molecules have the characteristics that the long axis has strong light absorption capacity and the short axis has weak light absorption capacity. In the initial state, the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 have a weak light absorption capability, i.e. the display panel has a wide viewing angle in the initial state, as shown in fig. 2, but the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 also absorb less light with a large viewing angle. The dye liquid crystal molecules 132 may be black dye liquid crystal molecules or purple black dye liquid crystal molecules, and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 may be prepared by dyeing liquid crystal molecules, but cannot be deflected in an electric field, and the liquid crystal molecules 131 are required to carry the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 to rotate in the electric field.
Further, the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure are provided with inclined planes, and the inclined planes of the first protruding structure are parallel to the inclined planes corresponding to the second protruding structure. Preferably, the inclined planes of the first and second protruding structures are both inclined at an angle of 30 ° to 60 °, that is, the inclined plane of the first protruding structure is inclined at an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° with respect to the first substrate 11, and the inclined plane of the second protruding structure is inclined at an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° with respect to the second substrate 12.
Further, the cross-sectional shapes of the first convex structures and the second convex structures comprise triangular, trapezoidal or arc-shaped structures. Preferably, the cross-sectional shapes of the first and second raised structures are both equilateral triangles. Of course, in other embodiments, the cross-sectional shapes of the first and second raised structures are both trapezoidal or arcuate (e.g., semi-circular, semi-elliptical, or wavy).
Further, the top plan structures of the first protruding structures and the second protruding structures are both straight-bar structures or ring structures (such as rectangular frame structures, oval structures or circular ring structures). As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the top planar structures of the first protrusion structures and the second protrusion structures are both straight-bar structures, that is, the top planar structures of the first protrusion structures and the second protrusion structures are both triangular prism structures, so that the display panel realizes a narrow viewing angle in the up-down or left-right directions.
Further, the first substrate 11 is provided with a first protrusion structure 111 on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, the first electrode 112 covers a side of the first protrusion structure 111 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13 and forms a first protrusion structure on the first protrusion structure 111; the second substrate 12 is provided with a second protrusion structure 121 on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer 13, and the second electrode 122 covers a side of the second protrusion structure 121 facing the first liquid crystal layer 13 and forms a second protrusion structure on the second protrusion structure 121. The first protrusion structures 111 and the second protrusion structures 121 may be made of an OC material. Specifically, a first protrusion structure 111 is first fabricated on the first substrate 11, a first electrode 112 is covered on the first protrusion structure 111, and then an alignment layer is fabricated on the first electrode 112; similarly, the second protrusion structure 121 is formed on the second substrate 12, the second electrode 122 is covered on the second protrusion structure 121, and then the alignment layer is formed on the second electrode 122. Of course, after the first electrode 112 and the second electrode 122 are manufactured, the first electrode 112 and the second electrode 122 may be covered with the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer, respectively, the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer may only cover the gaps between the first protrusion structures and the gaps between the second protrusion structures, and the first protrusion structures and the second protrusion structures are not covered with the insulating layers, and finally, the alignment layer is manufactured and the box forming process is performed. By providing the insulating layer in the gap between the adjacent first protruding structures and the gap between the adjacent second protruding structures, on one hand, the amount of the electric field between the first electrode 112 and the second voltage 122 can be reduced to increase the vertical light transmittance, and on the other hand, the problem of short circuit between the first electrode 112 and the second voltage 122 caused by the light modulation box 10 being deformed by external force can be prevented.
In this embodiment, the refraction of the first protrusion structures 111 and the second protrusion structures 121 is the same as the refraction index of the first liquid crystal layer 13, but may be slightly different. For example, the refractive index of the first protrusion structures 111 and the second protrusion structures 121 is 1.4, and the refractive index of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is 1.46 to 1.54, so the scattering angle (less than 4 °) of the first protrusion structures 111 and the second protrusion structures 121 is small and negligible. Of course, the first protrusion structures 111 and the second protrusion structures 121 may be replaced by a material with a refractive index closer to that of the first liquid crystal layer 13, so as to reduce the scattering angle of the first protrusion structures 111 and the second protrusion structures 121, and avoid affecting the narrow viewing angle effect.
The display liquid crystal cell 20 includes a color filter substrate 21, an array substrate 22 disposed opposite to the color filter substrate 21, and a second liquid crystal layer 23 located between the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22. Preferably, positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy, are used in the second liquid crystal layer 23, and in an initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are aligned parallel to the color filter substrate 21 and the array substrate 22, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules on a side close to the color filter substrate 21 is parallel to or antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules on a side close to the array substrate 22. An upper polarizer 31 is arranged on the color film substrate 21, a lower polarizer 32 is arranged on the array substrate 22, and a transmission axis of the upper polarizer 31 is perpendicular to a transmission axis of the lower polarizer 32.
The color filter substrate 21 is provided with color resist layers 212 arranged in an array and a black matrix 211 separating the color resist layers 212, and the color resist layers 212 include color resist materials of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and correspondingly form sub-pixels of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B).
The array substrate 22 defines a plurality of pixel units on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23 by a plurality of scan lines and a plurality of data lines insulated from and crossing each other, a pixel electrode 222 and a thin film transistor are provided in each pixel unit, and the pixel electrode 222 is electrically connected to the data line of the adjacent thin film transistor through the thin film transistor. The thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, an active layer, a drain electrode, and a source electrode, the gate electrode and the scan line are located in the same layer and electrically connected, the gate electrode and the active layer are isolated by an insulating layer, the source electrode and the data line are electrically connected, and the drain electrode and the pixel electrode 222 are electrically connected through a contact hole.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a common electrode 221 is further disposed on a side of the array substrate 22 facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and the common electrode 221 and the pixel electrode 222 are located at different layers and insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 221 may be located above or below the pixel electrode 222 (the common electrode 221 is located below the pixel electrode 222 in fig. 1). Preferably, the common electrode 221 is a planar electrode disposed over the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 222 is a block electrode disposed in one block in each pixel unit or a slit electrode having a plurality of electrode bars to form a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode. Of course, In other embodiments, the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may be located on the same layer, but they are insulated from each other, each of the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221 may include a plurality of electrode strips, and the electrode strips of the pixel electrode 222 and the electrode strips of the common electrode 221 are alternately arranged to form an In-Plane Switching (IPS) mode; alternatively, in other embodiments, the array substrate 22 is provided with the pixel electrode 222 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23, and the color filter substrate 21 is provided with the common electrode 221 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 23 to form a TN mode or a VA mode, and for other descriptions of the TN mode and the VA mode, reference is made to the prior art, and details are not repeated here.
The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the color filter substrate 21, and the array substrate 22 may be made of glass, acrylic, polycarbonate, or other materials. The materials of the first and second electrodes 112 and 122, the common electrode 221, and the pixel electrode 222 may be Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), or the like.
Further, a backlight module 40 is disposed on a side of the light adjusting box 10 away from the display liquid crystal box 20, and the backlight module 40 may be a side-in type backlight module or a direct type backlight module.
In this embodiment, the backlight module 40 adopts a Collimated Backlight (CBL) mode, which can receive light from light, thereby ensuring the narrow viewing angle display effect. It is understood that the backlight module 40 may be a conventional non-light-collecting backlight module. Compared with the common non-light-collecting backlight module, the backlight module adopting the collimation backlight mode has better peep-proof effect.
Specifically, the backlight module 40 includes a backlight source 41 and a privacy protecting layer 43, and the privacy protecting layer 43 is used to reduce the range of the light exit angle. A brightness enhancement film 42 is further arranged between the backlight 41 and the peep-proof layer 43, and the brightness enhancement film 42 increases the brightness of the backlight module 40. The peep-proof layer 43 is a micro louver structure, and can block light rays with a large incident angle, so that light rays with a small incident angle can pass through the peep-proof layer 43, and the angle range of the light rays passing through the peep-proof layer 43 is reduced. The peep-proof layer 43 includes a plurality of parallel arranged light resistance walls and a light hole between two adjacent light resistance walls, and light absorption materials are arranged on two sides of the light resistance walls.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the wide viewing angle mode (the first display mode), a dc common voltage Vcom is applied to the common electrode 221, a first voltage is applied to the first electrode 112, a second voltage is applied to the second electrode 122, a voltage difference between the first voltage and the second voltage is smaller than a first preset value (for example, smaller than 0.5V, which may be 0V), and no or a small oblique electric field is formed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. Specifically, the first electrode 112 and the second voltage V2 are both 0V. The negative liquid crystal molecules and the dyed liquid crystal molecules 132 of the first liquid crystal layer 13 are substantially not deflected in the vertical direction and maintain the initial posture, and display with a wide viewing angle is performed. The pixel electrode 222 applies a corresponding gray scale voltage, a voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221, a horizontal electric field is generated (E1 in fig. 1), so that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are deflected in a direction parallel to the horizontal electric field in the horizontal direction, the gray scale voltage includes 0-255 gray scale voltages, and when different gray scale voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 222, the pixel unit presents different brightness, thereby displaying different pictures, and realizing normal display of the display device under a wide viewing angle.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the narrow viewing angle mode (the second display mode), a dc common voltage Vcom is applied to the common electrode 221, a third voltage is applied to the first electrode 112, a fourth voltage is applied to the second electrode 122, a large voltage difference (for example, greater than 2V and less than 10V) exists between the third voltage and the fourth voltage, a strong oblique electric field is formed between the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure, and of course, a vertical electric field may also be formed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The negative liquid crystal molecules and the dyed liquid crystal molecules 132 of the first liquid crystal layer 13 are largely deflected in the vertical direction and are in a posture parallel to the surfaces of the first and second convex structures. However, the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 near the tips of the first protrusion structures and the second protrusion structures are affected by the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 around, so that in practice, the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules do not deflect greatly and keep the posture similar to that of the initial substrate, the brightness of the display device is reduced in the oblique viewing direction, and the display device finally realizes narrow viewing angle display. The pixel electrode 222 applies a corresponding gray scale voltage, a voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode 222 and the common electrode 221, a horizontal electric field is generated (E1 in fig. 3), so that the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 23 are deflected in a direction parallel to the horizontal electric field in the horizontal direction, the gray scale voltage includes 0-255 gray scale voltages, and when different gray scale voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 222, the pixel unit presents different brightness, thereby displaying different pictures, and realizing normal display of the display device under a narrow viewing angle.
The display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided by the embodiment can realize the narrow viewing angle effect in the up-down or left-right direction by arranging the dimming box. The corresponding large angle is black state peep-proof when the narrow visual angle is displayed, and an upper polarizer and a lower polarizer are not required to be added, so that the cost is saved, the product thickness can be reduced, and the reject ratio is reduced.
The present embodiment further provides a manufacturing method of a display panel, for manufacturing the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, the manufacturing method includes:
manufacturing a first protruding structure 111 on the first substrate 11, covering a first electrode 112 on the first protruding structure 111, forming a first protruding structure at a position corresponding to the first protruding structure 111, covering a first insulating layer between adjacent first protruding structures, and covering a first alignment layer on the first electrode 112 and the first insulating layer;
manufacturing a second protrusion structure 121 on the second substrate 12, covering the second protrusion structure 121 with a second electrode 122 and forming a second protrusion structure at a position corresponding to the second protrusion structure 121, covering a second insulating layer between adjacent second protrusion structures, and covering a second alignment layer on the second electrode 122 and the second insulating layer; the projections of the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure in the direction parallel to the first substrate 11 are mutually staggered;
the first liquid crystal layer 13 is injected between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, a cell forming process is performed to form the light modulation cell 10, and then the display liquid crystal cell 20, the backlight module 40 and the light modulation cell 10 are bonded to form the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles. For the method of manufacturing the display liquid crystal cell 20 and the backlight module 40, please refer to the prior art, which is not described herein.
[ example two ]
Fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of the first electrode according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles provided in the second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in the first embodiment (fig. 1 to fig. 5), and the difference is that in this embodiment, the top planar structures of the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure are both rectangular frame structures, that is, the top planar structures of the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure are both rectangular frame structures, so that the display panel realizes narrow viewing angles in both the up-down direction and the left-right direction, that is, an omnidirectional peep-proof effect is realized, and a phenomenon that the display panel is whitened in a large viewing angle can be further avoided. Of course, in other embodiments, the top plane structures of the first and second protruding structures may also be both circular ring structures or elliptical structures, thereby achieving narrow viewing angles in multiple directions.
In other embodiments, the first electrode 112 or the second electrode 122 may also be disposed in different regions, and the electrode blocks in each region are controlled by the thin film transistor, so as to achieve the region controllability of the wide and narrow viewing angle effect.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ third example ]
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to a third embodiment of the present invention; fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles in a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7 and 8, a switchable display panel with a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle provided in a third embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the switchable display panel with a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle provided in the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 5), except that in the present embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules 131 in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are positive liquid crystal molecules (i.e., liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy), and the positive liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 are aligned parallel to the surfaces of the first electrode 112 and the second electrode 122. However, the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 near the tips of the first and second projection structures are affected by the positive liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 at the periphery, and the positive liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 near the tips of the first and second projection structures are substantially perpendicular to the postures of the first and second substrates 11 and 12 in practice. In the initial state (first display mode), the dye liquid crystal molecules 132 have strong light absorption capability, i.e., the display panel has a narrow viewing angle in the initial state. When a large voltage difference (e.g., greater than 2V and less than 10V) exists between the first electrode 112 and the second electrode 122, a wide viewing angle (second display mode) display is presented.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
The invention also provides a display device which comprises the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to the present invention; fig. 10 is a second schematic plan view of the display device of the present invention, and referring to fig. 9 and 10, the display device is provided with a viewing angle switching key 50 for a user to send a viewing angle switching request to the display device. The view switching key 50 may be a physical key (as shown in fig. 9), or may be a software control or application program (APP) to implement a switching function (as shown in fig. 10, for example, a wide view and a narrow view are set by a slider). When a user needs to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, a viewing angle switching request can be sent to the display device by operating the viewing angle switching key 50, and finally the driving chip 60 controls the electric signals applied to the first electrode 112 and the second electrode 122, so that the display device can realize the switching between the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle, when the display device is switched to the wide viewing angle, the driving method corresponding to the wide viewing angle mode is adopted, and when the display device is switched to the narrow viewing angle, the driving method corresponding to the narrow viewing angle mode is adopted, therefore, the display device of the embodiment of the invention has stronger operation flexibility and convenience, and the multifunctional display device integrating entertainment video and privacy and confidentiality is achieved.
In this document, the terms of upper, lower, left, right, front, rear and the like are used to define the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, and are only used for the sake of clarity and convenience in technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims. It is also to be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting in number or order.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles, comprising a light modulation box (10), the light modulation box (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) arranged opposite to the first substrate (11) and a first liquid crystal layer (13) arranged between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12), the first liquid crystal layer (13) includes liquid crystal molecules (131) and dye liquid crystal molecules (132) mixed with each other, the light absorption capacity of the long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) is larger than that of the short axis, the first substrate (11) is provided with a first electrode (112) with a first convex structure, a second electrode (122) with a second convex structure is arranged on the second substrate (12), the projections of the first convex structure and the second convex structure in the direction parallel to the first substrate (11) are staggered;
in a first viewing angle mode, a voltage difference between the first electrode (112) and the second electrode (122) is less than a first preset value;
in a second viewing angle mode, a voltage difference between the first electrode (112) and the second electrode (122) is greater than a second predetermined value, and an oblique electric field is formed between the first protruding structure and the second protruding structure.
2. The switchable display panel of claim 1, wherein the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure each have a slope, and the slopes of the first protrusion structure and the corresponding slopes of the second protrusion structure are parallel to each other.
3. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 2, wherein the slope angles of the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure are both 30 ° to 60 °.
4. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 2, wherein the cross-sectional shapes of the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure each comprise a triangular, trapezoidal or arc structure.
5. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 4, wherein the top-down plane structures of the first protrusion structure and the second protrusion structure are both straight bar structures or ring structures.
6. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 1, wherein the first substrate (11) is provided with a first protrusion structure (111) on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer (13), the first electrode (112) covers a side of the first protrusion structure (111) facing the first liquid crystal layer (13) and forms the first protrusion structure at a position of the first protrusion structure (111); the second substrate (12) is provided with a second protrusion structure (121) on a side facing the first liquid crystal layer (13), and the second electrode (122) covers a side of the second protrusion structure (121) facing the first liquid crystal layer (13) and forms the second protrusion structure at a position of the second protrusion structure (121).
7. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal molecules (131) are negative liquid crystal molecules, and the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) are aligned perpendicular to the surfaces of the first electrode (112) and the second electrode (122); alternatively, the liquid crystal molecules (131) are positive liquid crystal molecules, and the positive liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules (132) are aligned parallel to the surfaces of the first electrode (112) and the second electrode (122).
8. The switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the display panel further comprises a display liquid crystal cell (20), the display liquid crystal cell (20) is stacked with the light modulation cell (10), and the light modulation cell (10) is located above or below the display liquid crystal cell (20); the display liquid crystal box (20) comprises a color film substrate (21), an array substrate (22) arranged opposite to the color film substrate (21) and a second liquid crystal layer (23) located between the color film substrate (21) and the array substrate (22), wherein an upper polarizer (31) is arranged on the color film substrate (21), a lower polarizer (32) is arranged on the array substrate (22), and a light transmission axis of the upper polarizer (31) is perpendicular to a light transmission axis of the lower polarizer (32).
9. A method for manufacturing a display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising:
manufacturing a first protruding structure (111) on a first substrate (11), covering a first electrode (112) on the first protruding structure (111) and forming a first protruding structure at a position corresponding to the first protruding structure (111), covering a first insulating layer between adjacent first protruding structures, and covering a first alignment layer on the first electrode (112) and the first insulating layer;
manufacturing a second protrusion structure (121) on a second substrate (12), covering a second electrode (122) on the second protrusion structure (121) and forming a second protrusion structure at a position corresponding to the second protrusion structure (121), covering a second insulating layer between adjacent second protrusion structures, and covering a second alignment layer on the second electrode (122) and the second insulating layer; the projections of the first convex structure and the second convex structure in the direction parallel to the first substrate (11) are staggered;
and injecting a first liquid crystal layer (13) between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12) to form the display panel with switchable wide and narrow viewing angles.
10. A display device comprising the switchable wide and narrow viewing angle display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN115343879A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-11-15 | 信利半导体有限公司 | Peep-proof screen device and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN112987349B (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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