CN112985859A - Operation method of two-way inclined ground access type shield launching model test device capable of being accurately controlled - Google Patents
Operation method of two-way inclined ground access type shield launching model test device capable of being accurately controlled Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An operation method of a bidirectional inclined ground access type shield launching model test device capable of being accurately controlled determines a reduced scale and a test scheme according to the actual situation and site conditions of a ground access type shield launching project, selects a shield model box and a model shield machine which meet the test requirements, lays a soil body, and inputs the coordinates of the central point of the shield launching axis, the horizontal inclination angle and the vertical inclination angle into a microcomputer according to the test scheme of the ground access type shield launching model test; excavating a soil body, confirming various parameters to a microcomputer, and starting a model test; mounting a shield reaction system on a reaction system guide rail; and (5) installing a model shield tunneling machine. The method can be applied to ground-in shield initial model tests with any angle and inclined plane, and the angle adjusting operation has high automation degree and is simple and clear.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of shield tests, and relates to an operation method of a bidirectional inclined ground access type shield starting model test device capable of being accurately controlled, which is suitable for a ground access type shield model test.
Background
In the traditional tunnel construction, in order to realize the connection between the ground section and the underground section of the tunnel, working wells are generally required to be arranged at the starting end and the receiving end of the shield, and after the shield machine is guided to enter and exit the tunnel, the ground section and the underground section are connected by adopting an open excavation or underground excavation construction method at the outer side of the working wells. The traditional construction method has the following defects: measures such as precipitation, hole reinforcing and the like need to be taken in the construction process, and the engineering risk of shield launching and receiving is high; when the construction of the connecting section is completed by open excavation or underground excavation, more manpower and material resources are required to be invested, and the influence on the surrounding environment is larger; the construction process occupies the traffic road space for a long time, relates to traffic diversion and underground pipeline relocation, and has higher workload. In order to overcome the defects of the traditional construction method in the construction of the connecting section between the ground section and the underground section, the ground-in-out type shield construction method directly enters and exits from the ground, so that a large amount of manpower and material resources are reduced, and the construction period is greatly reduced; the influence of the construction environment is small, and a large amount of engineering risks are avoided; the influence on the environment is relatively small, the engineering quantity of traffic diversion and underground pipeline relocation is reduced, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are obvious.
The starting and receiving of the shield construction are always the most important of the shield construction, and the safety and the accuracy of the starting of the shield directly influence the quality of the following shield construction. The model test is an important method for verifying construction feasibility and quality, and can provide important theoretical basis and guidance for on-site construction organization design and related construction parameters. The conventional shield launching model test equipment is generally used for a conventional shield launching method, namely a method for underground launching, has the defects of incapability of adjusting a shield launching angle, lack of accurate electric control means, large error of manual operation and the like, and is not suitable for a ground access type shield launching model test. The operation method of the bidirectional inclined ground in-out type shield starting model test device capable of being accurately controlled is invented in order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the existing shield starting model test device and method, realize the model test of ground in-out type shield starting with the adjustable inclined plane and inclination angle, and provide support and guidance of quantitative data for the existing ground in-out type shield engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects that the existing shield launching model test method is not suitable for a ground access type shield launching model test, lacks accurate electric control means, has larger error of manual operation and is easy to deviate from a shield machine propulsion axis in the shield model test process, realize the model test of ground access type shield launching with adjustable inclined plane and inclined angle and accurate and reliable adjustment process, and provide support and guidance of quantitative data for the existing ground access type shield engineering, the invention provides an operation method of a two-way inclined ground access type shield launching model test device which can be accurately controlled, and can effectively overcome the defects of the operation method of the shield launching model test device, the method can be applied to ground-in shield initial model tests with any angle and inclined plane, and the angle adjusting operation has high automation degree and is simple and clear.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method of operating a precisely controllable bi-directional inclined ground access shield launching model test apparatus, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) determining a reduced scale and a test scheme according to the actual situation and site conditions of the ground access type shield launching project, and selecting a shield model box and a model shield machine which meet the test requirements;
(b) laying a soil body: laying soil according to soil layer information required by a test scheme, wherein soil samples are taken from an engineering construction site, soil pressure boxes are arranged on two sides of a predicted propulsion axis while the soil is laid, and a displacement sensor is arranged on the upper part of the soil and used for measuring the change of the internal stress and displacement of the soil in the test process;
(c) inputting the central point coordinate of the shield starting axis, a horizontal inclination angle and a vertical inclination angle into a microcomputer according to a test scheme of a ground access type shield starting model test;
(d) the microcomputer calculates the displacement x of the four traveling cranes in the horizontal starting angle adjustment1，x2，x3，x4Four horizontal screw rods's flexible y1，y2，y3，y4(ii) a Four traveling crane displacements i in vertical starting angle adjustment1，i2，i3，i4Four vertical screw rods1，h2，h3，h4Four horizontal screw rod telescopic k1，k2，k3，k4And the speed corresponding to the above parameters;
(e) excavating a soil body, excavating the soil body according to the inclination angle determined by the test scheme of the current test, so that the soil body forms a slope with a slope toe close to the originating side and a slope top close to the arriving side, and the requirements of the test are met;
(f) confirming various parameters to a microcomputer, and starting a model test;
(g) the device is reset, the microcomputer operates the electric gears on the first, second, third and fourth line vehicles to return the first, second, third and fourth line vehicles to the initial positions, operates the first, second, third and fourth lead screw elevators to return the first, second, third and fourth vertical lead screws to the initial positions, and operates the first, second, third and fourth horizontal lead screw elevators to return the first, second, third and fourth horizontal lead screws to the initial positions;
(h) mounting a shield counterforce system on a counterforce system guide rail, and locking a counterforce plate fixing bolt;
(i) installing a model shield tunneling machine: placing the model shield machine at the tail part of the shield machine track, enabling the model shield machine to be tightly attached to the shield machine track, and adjusting a handle during installation, so that an angle stabilizing baffle in a shield angle stabilizing system is tightly attached to a shield body of the model shield machine, and ensuring that the model shield machine does not deviate in the shield propelling process;
(j) transverse positioning: a transverse positioning command is sent to the microcomputer, the microcomputer enters a transverse positioning step, and at the moment, the microcomputer operates electric gears on the first, second, third and fourth row vehicles to enable the first, second, third and fourth row vehicles to move to a specified position along the horizontal guide rail;
(k) adjusting the horizontal angle: the microcomputer automatically enters a horizontal angle adjusting stage, at the moment, the microcomputer controls the electric gears on the first, second, third and fourth row vehicles to enable the first, second, third and fourth row vehicles to horizontally displace along the horizontal guide rail, and simultaneously controls the first, second, third and fourth horizontal screw rod elevators to enable the first, second, third and fourth horizontal screw rods to stretch, and displacement and stretching amount of the first, second, third and fourth horizontal screw rods are calculated and controlled by the microcomputer in real time;
(l) Longitudinal positioning: the microcomputer automatically enters a longitudinal positioning stage, and at the moment, the microcomputer controls the first, second, third and fourth vertical screw rod elevators to enable the first, second, third and fourth vertical screw rods to descend, so that a cutter head at the front end of the model shield tunneling machine is tightly attached to a soil body;
(m) vertical angle adjustment: the microcomputer automatically enters a vertical angle adjusting stage, and simultaneously controls the electric gears on the first, second, third and fourth traveling cranes, the first, second, third and fourth vertical screw rod elevators, the first, second, third and fourth horizontal screw rod elevators to enable the shield machine track to incline in a vertical plane until a vertical inclination angle input in advance is reached;
(n) shield propulsion: after the positioning and the angle adjustment are finished, the microcomputer suspends the work, a cutter head and a hydraulic jack on the model shield machine are started, and the shield machine starts to advance;
(o) when the shield is pushed to a stroke of the hydraulic jack, closing the cutter head and the hydraulic jack;
(p) releasing the oil pressure and retracting the hydraulic jack;
(q) loosening the fixing bolt of the reaction plate, moving the shield reaction plate forward for a stroke along the guide rail of the reaction system, attaching the shield reaction plate to the hydraulic jack again, and locking the fixing bolt of the reaction plate;
(r) repeating the steps (n) - (q) until the model shield machine completely enters the soil body;
(s) closing the cutter head and the hydraulic jack and collecting related data;
(t) removing the model shield machine, sending a test finishing instruction to a microcomputer, and controlling the electric gears on the first, second, third and fourth line vehicles, the first, second, third and fourth vertical screw rod elevators, the first, second, third and fourth horizontal screw rod elevators by the microcomputer to restore the track of the shield machine to the initial position;
(u) loosening the reaction plate fixing bolt, removing the shield reaction plate, and finishing a test period;
(v) and (e) repeating the steps (b) to (u) according to the test scheme, completing all the tests, analyzing and summarizing test data, concluding the schemes that the stress and the settlement meet the construction quality requirements, carrying out economic evaluation on the schemes, and finally revealing the optimal shield launching angle to guide the design and construction of the tunnel.
Further, the two-way inclined ground access type shield launching model test device capable of being accurately controlled comprises a model box, a soil body, a horizontal guide rail, a first traveling crane, a second traveling crane, a third traveling crane, a fourth traveling crane, a first vertical lead screw lifter, a second vertical lead screw lifter, a third vertical lead screw lifter, a fourth vertical lead screw lifter, a first vertical lead screw, a second vertical lead screw, a third vertical lead screw, a fourth vertical lead screw, a free rotating shaft, a first horizontal lead screw, a second horizontal lead screw, a third horizontal lead screw, a fourth horizontal lead screw, a first horizontal lead screw lifter, a second horizontal lead screw lifter, a third horizontal lead screw lifter, a fourth horizontal lead screw lifter, a shield machine track, a model shield machine, a shield counterforce system, a counterforce system guide rail, a hole site bolt, a shield counterforce plate, a counterforce plate fixing bolt, a shield angle stabilizing system, The device comprises a fixing bolt, an arc-shaped frame, a handle, a limiting baffle, an angle stabilizing baffle, a spring, a cutter head, a shield body, a shield tail, a hydraulic jack, a thread and an electric gear;
the model box is placed on a hard and flat field; placing soil in the model box; the horizontal guide rail is fixedly connected with the model box; the first travelling crane, the second travelling crane, the third travelling crane and the fourth travelling crane are connected with the horizontal guide rail through clamping grooves and can slide along the horizontal guide rail; the first vertical screw rod lifter is fixedly connected with the first travelling crane; the second vertical screw rod lifter is fixedly connected with the second travelling crane; the third vertical screw rod lifter is fixedly connected with the third traveling crane; the fourth vertical screw rod lifter is fixedly connected with the fourth traveling trolley; the first vertical screw rod is connected with the first vertical screw rod lifter through threads, is connected with the first horizontal screw rod lifter through a free rotating shaft and can be controlled to lift by the first vertical screw rod lifter; the second vertical screw rod is connected with a second vertical screw rod lifter through threads, is connected with a second horizontal screw rod lifter through a free rotating shaft and can be controlled to lift by the second vertical screw rod lifter; the third vertical screw rod is connected with a third vertical screw rod lifter through threads, is connected with a third horizontal screw rod lifter through a free rotating shaft and can be controlled to lift by the third vertical screw rod lifter; the fourth vertical screw rod is connected with the fourth vertical screw rod lifter through threads, is connected with the fourth horizontal screw rod lifter through a free rotating shaft and can be controlled to lift by the fourth vertical screw rod lifter; the first horizontal screw rod is connected with the first horizontal screw rod lifter through threads and is fixedly connected with a shield machine track; the second horizontal screw rod is connected with the second horizontal screw rod lifter through threads and is fixedly connected with the shield machine track; the third horizontal screw rod is connected with the third horizontal screw rod lifter through threads and is fixedly connected with the shield machine track; the fourth horizontal screw rod is connected with the fourth horizontal screw rod lifter through threads and is fixedly connected with the shield machine track; the first horizontal screw rod lifter is connected with the first vertical screw rod through a free rotating shaft and is connected with the first horizontal screw rod through threads; the second horizontal screw rod lifter is connected with the second vertical screw rod through a free rotating shaft and is connected with the second horizontal screw rod through threads; the third horizontal screw rod lifter is connected with the third vertical screw rod through a free rotating shaft and is connected with the third horizontal screw rod through threads; the fourth horizontal screw rod lifter is connected with the fourth vertical screw rod through a free rotating shaft and is in threaded connection with the fourth horizontal screw rod; the shield machine track is fixedly connected with a first horizontal screw rod, a second horizontal screw rod, a third horizontal screw rod and a fourth horizontal screw rod; the model shield machine is placed in a groove of a shield machine track and is tightly attached to the groove; the guide rail of the counter-force system is fixedly connected with the track of the shield tunneling machine; the bolt hole site is positioned in the guide rail of the counter-force system; the shield reaction plate is connected with the guide rail of the reaction system through a clamping groove and is screwed into a bolt hole position through a reaction plate fixing bolt for fixing; the arc-shaped frame is fixedly connected with the shield machine track; the limiting baffle is fixedly connected with the handle; the angle stabilizing baffle is fixedly connected with the handle; the spring is sleeved outside the handle; the hydraulic jack is fixedly connected with the shield tail; the thread is positioned on the horizontal guide rail; the electric gear is embedded on the inner surface of the first horizontal travelling crane, the second travelling crane, the third travelling crane and the fourth travelling crane.
Still further, the horizontal guide rail is connected to the mold box by thermal welding.
Furthermore, the first vertical screw rod lifter is connected with the first travelling crane through welding; the second vertical screw rod lifter is connected with the second travelling crane through welding; the third vertical screw rod lifter is connected with the third traveling crane through welding; the fourth vertical screw rod lifter is connected with the fourth row vehicle through welding.
Further, the first horizontal screw rod is connected with the shield machine track in a welding mode; the second horizontal screw rod is connected with the shield machine track in a welding mode; the third horizontal screw rod is connected with the shield machine track in a welding mode; and the fourth horizontal screw rod is connected with the shield machine track through welding.
The guide rail of the counter-force system is connected with the track of the shield tunneling machine by welding, and the arc-shaped frame is connected with the track of the shield tunneling machine by a fixing bolt; the limiting baffle is connected with the handle through welding; the angle stabilizing baffle is connected with the handle through welding; the hydraulic jack is connected with the shield tail through welding.
The shield launching angle in the invention comprises a horizontal launching angle and a vertical launching angle, and the horizontal launching angle is firstly adjusted and then the vertical launching angle is adjusted in the test process. Horizontal starting angleThe vertical starting angle is realized by controlling the displacement of the four traveling cranes on the horizontal guide rail and the expansion of the four horizontal screw rods, and the vertical starting angle is realized by controlling the displacement of the four traveling cranes on the horizontal guide rail, the lifting of the four vertical screw rods in the vertical direction and the expansion of the four horizontal screw rods. The displacement of four traveling cranes is respectively x in the horizontal starting angle adjustment1，x2，x3，x4Are expressed by v, the corresponding speeds are respectivelyx1，vx2，vx3，vx4To show, the extension of four horizontal screw rods is respectively represented by y1，y2，y3，y4Are expressed by v, the corresponding speeds are respectivelyy1，vy2，vy3，vy4To represent; four-row space shifting i in vertical starting angle adjustment1，i2，i3，i4Are expressed by v, the corresponding speeds are respectivelyi1，vi2，vi3，vi4To show that the lifting of four vertical screw rods is h1，h2，h3，h4Are expressed by v, the corresponding speeds are respectivelyh1，vh2，vh3，vh4To show that the extension and contraction of four horizontal screw rods are k1，k2，k3，k4Are expressed by v, the corresponding speeds are respectivelyk1，vk2，vk3，vk4To indicate. The displacement, lifting and stretching parameters are automatically calculated and determined by a microcomputer according to the shield starting axis central point, the inclination angle and other parameters set before the test.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the ground access type shield launching model test with any inclination angle of the two inclined planes can be realized. The system adopts the lead screw lifter, the travelling crane and other equipment, can ensure that the axis of the shield machine can be adjusted at will in the horizontal plane and the vertical plane, fully considers the engineering practice of the ground in-out type shield under various complex working conditions, and really realizes the ground in-out type shield starting model test with any inclination angle. (2) The automation degree is high, and the operation is simple. The lead screw lifter, the traveling crane and other devices used by the system are completely controlled by a microcomputer which can realize real-time calculation and control of angles, only parameters such as the central point of the shield starting axis, the inclination angle and the like are input before a test, the follow-up control of the lead screw lifter and the traveling crane is completed by the microcomputer, and the shield starting angle can be displayed on the microcomputer screen in real time. (3) The system provides a shield angle stabilizing system, effectively prevents the model shield machine from separating from the track in the test, and ensures the precision and reliability of the test. (4) The angle control is accurate. The angle adjusting process of the system is completely controlled by a microcomputer and driven by electric energy, so that system errors caused by control methods such as oil pressure control and the like are avoided, accidental errors caused by manual adjustment are reduced, the test result is more accurate, the safety in the model test process is improved, and the possibility of experimental accidents can be reduced to a certain extent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a precisely controllable bi-directional inclined ground access type shield launching model test device.
Fig. 2 is a left side view of a precisely controllable bi-directional inclined ground access type shield launching model test device.
Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a shield launching model test device with a precisely controllable bi-directional inclined ground access.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an angle adjustment system.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a shield reaction force system, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a left side view.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a shield angle stabilization system, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a left view, and (c) is a shield stop.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a model shield tunneling machine, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a left side view.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a horizontal guide rail and a horizontal traveling crane, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a left view, and (c) is a vertical screw elevator.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the horizontal angle adjustment step
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the vertical angle adjustment step
Figure 11 is a schematic of the steps of the method of operation wherein (a) is the start of the test and (b) is the laying and excavation of the soil.
Fig. 12 is a step schematic of the method of operation, wherein (a) is the installation of the reaction plate and (b) is the installation of the model shield machine.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of lateral positioning.
FIG. 14 is a step schematic of the method of operation wherein (a) is horizontal angular adjustment and (b) is vertical positioning.
FIG. 15 is a step schematic of the method of operation wherein (a) is vertical angle adjustment and (b) is shield advancement.
FIG. 16 is a step schematic of the method of operation wherein (a) is reaction plate advancement and (b) is a repeat operation.
Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the operation state of the shield launching model test device with the two-way inclined ground access type which can be accurately controlled.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 17, an operation method of a two-way inclined ground access type shield launching model test device capable of being accurately controlled is characterized in that a certain ground access type shield launching project adopts a special earth pressure balance shield construction with phi 6380mm GPST, the shield propulsion step length (ring width) is 1.2m, and soil layer parameters obtained by project investigation are shown in table 1. At present, engineering is in a design stage, the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of a ground access type shield launching axis need to be designed, in order to seek balance between construction quality and economic benefit, an optimal shield launching axis is disclosed, and a series of ground access type shield launching model tests are developed. The traditional shield model test device can not meet the actual requirement of the ground access type shield model test starting, and the operation method of the accurately-controlled bidirectional inclined ground access type shield starting model test device can conveniently, quickly and accurately realize the requirement of the ground access type shield model test starting with the inclined plane and the inclined angle accurately adjustable.
TABLE 1
The accurately-controlled bidirectional inclined ground access type shield launching model test device comprises a model box 1, a soil body 2, a horizontal guide rail 3, a first traveling crane 4, a second traveling crane 5, a third traveling crane 6, a fourth traveling crane 7, a first vertical screw rod elevator 8, a second vertical screw rod elevator 9, a third vertical screw rod elevator 10, a fourth vertical screw rod elevator 11, a first vertical screw rod 12, a second vertical screw rod 13, a third vertical screw rod 14, a fourth vertical screw rod 15, a free rotating shaft 16, a first horizontal screw rod 17, a second horizontal screw rod 18, a third horizontal screw rod 19, a fourth horizontal screw rod 20, a first horizontal screw rod elevator 21, a second horizontal screw rod elevator 22, a third horizontal screw rod elevator 23, a fourth horizontal screw rod elevator 24, a shield track 25, a model shield counterforce machine 26, a shield system 27, a shield system guide rail 28, bolts 29, a shield counterforce hole site 28, a, The shield angle stabilizing device comprises a shield reaction plate 30, a reaction plate fixing bolt 31, a shield angle stabilizing system 32, a fixing bolt 33, an arc-shaped frame 34, a handle 35, a limit baffle 36, an angle stabilizing baffle 37, a spring 38, a cutter head 39, a shield body 40, a shield tail 41, a hydraulic jack 42, a thread 43 and an electric gear 44.
The model box 1 is placed on a hard and flat field; placing a soil body 2 in the model box 1; the horizontal guide rail 3 is connected with the model box 1 through hot welding; the first travelling crane 4, the second travelling crane 5, the third travelling crane 6 and the fourth travelling crane 7 are connected with the horizontal guide rail 3 through clamping grooves and can slide along the horizontal guide rail 3; the first vertical screw rod lifter 8 is connected with the first travelling crane 4 through welding; the second vertical screw rod lifter 9 is connected with the second travelling crane 5 through welding; the third vertical screw rod lifter 10 is connected with the third row vehicle 6 through welding; the fourth vertical screw rod lifter 11 is connected with the fourth row vehicle 7 through welding; the first vertical screw rod 12 is connected with the first vertical screw rod lifter 8 through threads, is connected with the first horizontal screw rod lifter 21 through a free rotating shaft 16, and can be controlled to lift by the first vertical screw rod lifter 8; the second vertical screw 13 is connected with the second vertical screw lifter 9 through threads, is connected with the second horizontal screw lifter 22 through the free rotating shaft 16, and can be controlled to lift by the second vertical screw lifter 9; the third vertical screw mandrel 14 is connected with the third vertical screw mandrel lifter 10 through threads, is connected with the third horizontal screw mandrel lifter 23 through a free rotating shaft 16, and can be controlled to lift by the third vertical screw mandrel lifter 10; the fourth vertical screw rod 15 is connected with the fourth vertical screw rod lifter 11 through threads, is connected with the fourth horizontal screw rod lifter 24 through a free rotating shaft 16, and can be controlled to lift by the fourth vertical screw rod lifter 11; the first horizontal screw rod 17 is connected with the first horizontal screw rod lifter 21 through threads and is connected with the shield machine track 25 through welding; the second horizontal screw rod 18 is connected with the second horizontal screw rod lifter 22 through threads and is connected with the shield machine track 25 through welding; the third horizontal screw rod 19 is connected with the third horizontal screw rod lifter 23 through threads and is connected with the shield machine track 25 through welding; the fourth horizontal screw rod 20 is connected with a fourth horizontal screw rod lifter 24 through threads and is connected with a shield machine track 25 through welding; the first horizontal screw rod lifter 21 is connected with the first vertical screw rod 12 through the free rotating shaft 16 and is connected with the first horizontal screw rod 17 through threads; the second horizontal screw rod lifter 22 is connected with the second vertical screw rod 13 through the free rotating shaft 16 and is connected with the second horizontal screw rod 18 through threads; the third horizontal screw rod lifter 23 is connected with the third vertical screw rod 14 through the free rotating shaft 16 and is connected with the third horizontal screw rod 19 through threads; the fourth horizontal screw rod lifter 24 is connected with the fourth vertical screw rod 15 through the free rotating shaft 16 and is connected with the fourth horizontal screw rod 20 through threads; the shield machine track 25 is connected with the first horizontal screw rod 17, the second horizontal screw rod 18, the third horizontal screw rod 19 and the fourth horizontal screw rod 20 through welding; the model shield machine 26 is arranged in a groove of the shield machine track 25 and is tightly attached to the groove; the guide rail 28 of the counter force system is connected with the track 25 of the shield tunneling machine by welding; the bolt hole site 29 is located in the counter force system guide rail 28 and is obtained by drilling; the shield reaction plate 30 is connected with the reaction system guide rail 28 through a clamping groove and is screwed into the bolt hole position 29 through a reaction plate fixing bolt 31 for fixing; the arc-shaped frame 34 is connected with the shield machine track 26 through a fixing bolt 33; the limiting baffle 36 is connected with the handle 35 through welding; the angle stabilizing baffle 37 is connected with the handle 35 through welding; the spring 38 is sleeved outside the handle 36; the hydraulic jack 42 is connected with the shield tail 41 through welding; the thread 43 is positioned on the horizontal guide rail 3; the electric gears 44 are embedded on the inner surfaces of the first horizontal traveling carriage 4, the second traveling carriage 5, the third traveling carriage 6, and the fourth traveling carriage 7.
The embodiment of the invention is as follows:
(a) according to the actual situation and site conditions of the ground entry-exit shield launching project, the reduced scale ratio is determined to be 1:20, soil layer parameters are determined to be shown in table 2, a test scheme is determined to be shown in table 3, and a model shield machine 26 with the diameter of 320mm and the length of 1200mm is selected. In order to eliminate the influence of the boundary effect, a shield model box 1 with the length a of 6000mm, the width b of 3000mmm and the height h of 3000mm is selected, and the horizontal guide rail 3 is 200mm away from the top of the model box 1.
(b) And laying soil. Soil bodies 2 are laid according to soil layer information required by the test scheme, the height of each soil body 2 is 1800mm, the soil layer arrangement is shown in the table 2, and soil samples are taken from the engineering construction site. As shown in the figure, when the soil body is laid, soil pressure boxes are arranged on two sides of a predicted propulsion axis, and displacement sensors are arranged on the upper portion of the soil body and used for measuring changes of internal stress and displacement of the soil body in the test process.
| Serial number | Soil layer name | Soil thickness (mm) | Level of the layer top (mm) |
| ① | |
150 | 0 |
| ② | Sandy |
600 | 150 |
| ③ | |
750 | 750 |
| ④ | Layer of silt | 300 | 1500 |
TABLE 2
(c) According to the test scheme of the ground-in shield launching model test, the central point coordinates (3000,0,1000) of the shield launching axis (the position of the horizontal guide rail plane, the rightmost side in the length direction and the center in the width direction in the shield test box in the figure is taken as the origin of coordinates, the length direction is the X axis, the width direction is the Y axis, and the depth direction is the Z axis), the horizontal inclination angle and the vertical inclination angle are input into the microcomputer, and the test scheme is shown in table 3.
| |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Horizontal inclination angle (°) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Vertical inclination angle (°) | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 |
TABLE 3
(d) The microcomputer calculates the displacement x of the four traveling cranes in the horizontal starting angle adjustment1，x2，x3，x4Four horizontal screw rods's flexible y1，y2，y3，y4(ii) a Four traveling crane displacements i in vertical starting angle adjustment1，i2，i3，i4Four vertical screw rods1，h2，h3，h4Four horizontal screw rod telescopic k1，k2，k3，k4And the speed corresponding to the above parameters.
(e) And excavating a soil body. The soil body 2 is excavated according to the inclination angle of the current test shown in the test scheme of the embodiment in table 3, so that the soil body 2 forms a slope with a slope toe close to the originating side and a slope top close to the arriving side, and the requirements of the test are met.
(f) The parameters are confirmed to the microcomputer, and the model test is started.
(g) The device is reset. The microcomputer operates the electric gears 44 on the first traveling crane 4, the second traveling crane 5, the third traveling crane 6 and the fourth traveling crane 7 to return the first traveling crane 4, the second traveling crane 5, the third traveling crane 6 and the fourth traveling crane 7 to the initial positions, operates the lead screw elevators 8, 9, 10 and 11 to return the vertical lead screws 12, 13, 14 and 15 to the initial positions, and operates the horizontal lead screw elevators 21, 22, 23 and 24 to return the horizontal lead screws 17, 18, 19 and 20 to the initial positions.
(h) And mounting the shield reaction system 27 on a reaction system guide rail 28, and locking a reaction plate fixing bolt 31.
(i) A model shield tunneling machine 26 is installed. The model shield machine 26 is placed at the tail part of the shield machine track 25, the model shield machine 26 is enabled to be tightly attached to the shield machine track 25, the handle 35 is adjusted during installation, the angle stabilizing baffle 37 in the shield angle stabilizing system 32 is enabled to be tightly attached to the shield body 40 of the model shield machine 26, and the model shield machine 26 is guaranteed not to deviate in the shield propelling process.
(j) And (4) transversely positioning. Sending a transverse positioning command to the microcomputer, and enabling the microcomputer to enter a transverse positioning step. At this time, the microcomputer operates the electric gears 44 of the first traveling crane 4, the second traveling crane 5, the third traveling crane 6 and the fourth traveling crane 7 to displace the first traveling crane 4, the second traveling crane 5, the third traveling crane 6 and the fourth traveling crane 7 to the specified positions along the horizontal guide rail 3.
(k) And (6) adjusting the horizontal angle. The microcomputer automatically enters a horizontal angle adjusting stage, at the moment, the microcomputer controls the electric gears 44 on the first traveling crane 4, the second traveling crane 5, the third traveling crane 6 and the fourth traveling crane 7 to enable the first traveling crane 4, the second traveling crane 5, the third traveling crane 6 and the fourth traveling crane 7 to horizontally displace along the horizontal guide rail 3, and controls the first horizontal lead screw lifter 21, the second horizontal lead screw lifter 22, the third horizontal lead screw lifter 23 and the fourth horizontal lead screw lifter 24 to enable the first horizontal lead screw 17, the second horizontal lead screw 18, the third horizontal lead screw 19 and the fourth horizontal lead screw 20 to stretch, and displacement and stretching amount are calculated and controlled in real time by the microcomputer.
(l) And (4) longitudinally positioning. The microcomputer automatically enters a longitudinal positioning stage, and at the moment, the microcomputer controls the first vertical screw rod lifter 8, the second vertical screw rod lifter 9, the third vertical screw rod lifter 10 and the fourth vertical screw rod lifter 11 to enable the first vertical screw rod 12, the second vertical screw rod 13, the third vertical screw rod 14 and the fourth vertical screw rod 15 to descend, so that the cutter disc 39 at the front end of the model shield machine 26 is tightly attached to the soil body 2.
(m) vertical angle adjustment. The microcomputer automatically enters a vertical angle adjusting stage, and at the moment, the microcomputer simultaneously controls the electric gears 44 on the first travelling crane 4, the second travelling crane 5, the third travelling crane 6 and the fourth travelling crane 7, the first vertical lead screw lifter 8, the second vertical lead screw lifter 9, the third vertical lead screw lifter 10, the fourth vertical lead screw lifter 11, the first horizontal lead screw lifter 21, the second horizontal lead screw lifter 22, the third horizontal lead screw lifter 23 and the fourth horizontal lead screw lifter 24 to enable the shield machine track 25 to incline in a vertical plane until a vertical inclination angle input in advance is reached.
(n) shield propulsion. After the positioning and the angle adjustment are finished, the microcomputer suspends the work. And starting the cutter head 39 and the hydraulic jack 42 on the model shield machine 26 to start shield propulsion.
(o) closing the cutterhead 39 and the hydraulic jack 42 when the shield is to be advanced to one stroke of the hydraulic jack 42.
(p) release the oil pressure and retract the hydraulic jacks 42.
(q) loosening the reaction plate fixing bolt 31, moving the shield reaction plate 30 forward for a stroke along the reaction system guide rail 28, attaching the shield reaction plate to the hydraulic jack 42 again, and locking the reaction plate fixing bolt 31.
(r) repeating steps (n) - (q) until the model shield tunneling machine 26 is fully inserted into the soil body 2.
(s) closing the cutter head 39 and the hydraulic jack 42 and collecting the relevant data.
(t) removing the model shield machine 26, sending a test finishing instruction to a microcomputer, and controlling the electric gears 44 on the first traveling crane 4, the second traveling crane 5, the third traveling crane 6 and the fourth traveling crane 7, the first vertical lead screw lifter 8, the second vertical lead screw lifter 9, the third vertical lead screw lifter 10 and the fourth vertical lead screw lifter 11, the first horizontal lead screw lifter 21, the second horizontal lead screw lifter 22, the third horizontal lead screw lifter 23 and the fourth horizontal lead screw lifter 24 by the microcomputer to restore the shield machine track 25 to the initial position.
(u) loosening the reaction plate fixing bolts 31, removing the shield reaction plate 30 and ending one test cycle.
(v) And (4) repeating the steps (b) to (u) according to the test scheme, completing all tests described in the table 3, analyzing and summarizing test data, summarizing the schemes that the stress and the settlement meet the construction quality requirements, carrying out economic evaluation on the schemes, and finally revealing the optimal shield launching angle to guide the design and construction of the tunnel.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concepts, which are intended for purposes of illustration only. The scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular forms set forth in the examples, but rather as being defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof which can occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.
Claims (6)
1. An operation method of a shield launching model test device capable of accurately controlling bi-directional inclined ground access, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) determining a reduced scale and a test scheme according to the actual situation and site conditions of the ground access type shield launching project, and selecting a shield model box and a model shield machine which meet the test requirements;
(b) laying a soil body: laying soil according to soil layer information required by a test scheme, wherein soil samples are taken from an engineering construction site, soil pressure boxes are arranged on two sides of a predicted propulsion axis while the soil is laid, and a displacement sensor is arranged on the upper part of the soil and used for measuring the change of the internal stress and displacement of the soil in the test process;
(c) inputting the central point coordinate of the shield starting axis, a horizontal inclination angle and a vertical inclination angle into a microcomputer according to a test scheme of a ground access type shield starting model test;
(d) the microcomputer calculates the displacement x of the four traveling cranes in the horizontal starting angle adjustment1，x2，x3，x4Four horizontal screw rods's flexible y1，y2，y3，y4(ii) a Four traveling crane displacements i in vertical starting angle adjustment1，i2，i3，i4Four vertical screw rods1，h2，h3，h4Four horizontal screw rod telescopic k1，k2，k3，k4And the speed corresponding to the above parameters;
(e) excavating a soil body, and processing the soil body according to the inclination angle determined by the test scheme of the current test, so that the soil body forms a slope with a slope toe close to the originating side and a slope top close to the arriving side, and the requirements of the test are met;
(f) confirming various parameters to a microcomputer, and starting a model test;
(g) the device is reset, the microcomputer operates the electric gears on the first, second, third and fourth line vehicles to return the first, second, third and fourth line vehicles to the initial positions, operates the first, second, third and fourth lead screw elevators to return the first, second, third and fourth vertical lead screws to the initial positions, and operates the first, second, third and fourth horizontal lead screw elevators to return the first, second, third and fourth horizontal lead screws to the initial positions;
(h) mounting a shield counterforce system on a counterforce system guide rail, and locking a counterforce plate fixing bolt;
(i) installing a model shield tunneling machine: placing the model shield machine at the tail part of the shield machine track, enabling the model shield machine to be tightly attached to the shield machine track, and adjusting a handle during installation, so that an angle stabilizing baffle in a shield angle stabilizing system is tightly attached to a shield body of the model shield machine, and ensuring that the model shield machine does not deviate in the shield propelling process;
(j) transverse positioning: a transverse positioning instruction is sent to the microcomputer, the microcomputer enters a transverse positioning step, and at the moment, the microcomputer operates electric gears on the first traveling crane, the second traveling crane, the third traveling crane and the fourth traveling crane to enable the first traveling crane, the second traveling crane, the third traveling crane and the fourth traveling crane to move to a designated position along the horizontal guide rail;
(k) adjusting the horizontal angle: the microcomputer automatically enters a horizontal angle adjusting stage, at the moment, the microcomputer controls the electric gears on the first, second, third and fourth row vehicles to enable the first, second, third and fourth row vehicles to horizontally displace along the horizontal guide rail, and simultaneously controls the first, second, third and fourth horizontal screw rod elevators to enable the first, second, third and fourth horizontal screw rods to stretch, and displacement and stretching amount of the first, second, third and fourth horizontal screw rods are calculated and controlled by the microcomputer in real time;
(l) Longitudinal positioning: the microcomputer automatically enters a longitudinal positioning stage, and at the moment, the microcomputer controls the first, second, third and fourth vertical screw rod elevators to enable the first, second, third and fourth vertical screw rods to descend, so that a cutter head at the front end of the model shield tunneling machine is tightly attached to a soil body;
(m) vertical angle adjustment: the microcomputer automatically enters a vertical angle adjusting stage, and simultaneously controls the electric gears on the first, second, third and fourth traveling cranes, the first, second, third and fourth vertical screw rod elevators, the first, second, third and fourth horizontal screw rod elevators to enable the shield machine track to incline in a vertical plane until a vertical inclination angle input in advance is reached;
(n) shield propulsion: after the positioning and the angle adjustment are finished, the microcomputer suspends the work, a cutter head and a hydraulic jack on the model shield machine are started, and the shield machine starts to advance;
(o) when the shield is pushed to a stroke of the hydraulic jack, closing the cutter head and the hydraulic jack;
(p) releasing the oil pressure and retracting the hydraulic jack;
(q) loosening the fixing bolt of the reaction plate, moving the shield reaction plate forward for a stroke along the guide rail of the reaction system, attaching the shield reaction plate to the hydraulic jack again, and locking the fixing bolt of the reaction plate;
(r) repeating the steps (n) - (q) until the model shield machine completely enters the soil body;
(s) closing the cutter head and the hydraulic jack and collecting related data;
(t) removing the model shield machine, sending a test finishing instruction to a microcomputer, and controlling the electric gears on the first, second, third and fourth line vehicles, the first, second, third and fourth vertical screw rod elevators, the first, second, third and fourth horizontal screw rod elevators by the microcomputer to restore the track of the shield machine to the initial position;
(u) loosening the reaction plate fixing bolt, removing the shield reaction plate, and finishing a test period;
(v) and (e) repeating the steps (b) to (u) according to the test scheme, completing all the tests, analyzing and summarizing test data, concluding the schemes that the stress and the settlement meet the construction quality requirements, carrying out economic evaluation on the schemes, and finally revealing the optimal shield launching angle to guide the design and construction of the tunnel.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the precisely controllable bi-directionally inclined ground access shield launch model test apparatus comprises a model box, a soil mass, a horizontal guide rail, a first traveling crane, a second traveling crane, a third traveling crane, a fourth traveling crane, a first vertical lead screw elevator, a second vertical lead screw elevator, a third vertical lead screw elevator, a fourth vertical lead screw elevator, a first vertical lead screw, a second vertical lead screw, a third vertical lead screw, a fourth vertical lead screw, a free rotation shaft, a first horizontal lead screw, a second horizontal lead screw, a third horizontal lead screw, a fourth horizontal lead screw, a first horizontal lead screw elevator, a second horizontal lead screw elevator, a third horizontal lead screw elevator, a fourth horizontal lead screw elevator, a shield tunneling machine track, a model shield tunneling machine, a shield reaction system guide rail, a bolt reaction plate, a shield reaction plate, a hole site, a, The shield angle stabilizing system comprises a counterforce plate fixing bolt, a shield angle stabilizing system, a fixing bolt, an arc-shaped frame, a handle, a limiting baffle, an angle stabilizing baffle, a spring, a cutter head, a shield body, a shield tail, a hydraulic jack, a thread and an electric gear;
the model box is placed on a hard and flat field; placing soil in the model box; the horizontal guide rail is fixedly connected with the model box; the first travelling crane, the second travelling crane, the third travelling crane and the fourth travelling crane are connected with the horizontal guide rail through clamping grooves and can slide along the horizontal guide rail; the first vertical screw rod lifter is fixedly connected with the first travelling crane; the second vertical screw rod lifter is fixedly connected with the second travelling crane; the third vertical screw rod lifter is fixedly connected with the third traveling crane; the fourth vertical screw rod lifter is fixedly connected with the fourth traveling trolley; the first vertical screw rod is connected with the first vertical screw rod lifter through threads, is connected with the first horizontal screw rod lifter through a free rotating shaft and can be controlled to lift by the first vertical screw rod lifter; the second vertical screw rod is connected with a second vertical screw rod lifter through threads, is connected with a second horizontal screw rod lifter through a free rotating shaft and can be controlled to lift by the second vertical screw rod lifter; the third vertical screw rod is connected with a third vertical screw rod lifter through threads, is connected with a third horizontal screw rod lifter through a free rotating shaft and can be controlled to lift by the third vertical screw rod lifter; the fourth vertical screw rod is connected with the fourth vertical screw rod lifter through threads, is connected with the fourth horizontal screw rod lifter through a free rotating shaft and can be controlled to lift by the fourth vertical screw rod lifter; the first horizontal screw rod is connected with the first horizontal screw rod lifter through threads and is fixedly connected with a shield machine track; the second horizontal screw rod is connected with the second horizontal screw rod lifter through threads and is fixedly connected with the shield machine track; the third horizontal screw rod is connected with the third horizontal screw rod lifter through threads and is fixedly connected with the shield machine track; the fourth horizontal screw rod is connected with the fourth horizontal screw rod lifter through threads and is fixedly connected with the shield machine track; the first horizontal screw rod lifter is connected with the first vertical screw rod through a free rotating shaft and is connected with the first horizontal screw rod through threads; the second horizontal screw rod lifter is connected with the second vertical screw rod through a free rotating shaft and is connected with the second horizontal screw rod through threads; the third horizontal screw rod lifter is connected with the third vertical screw rod through a free rotating shaft and is connected with the third horizontal screw rod through threads; the fourth horizontal screw rod lifter is connected with the fourth vertical screw rod through a free rotating shaft and is in threaded connection with the fourth horizontal screw rod; the shield machine track is fixedly connected with a first horizontal screw rod, a second horizontal screw rod, a third horizontal screw rod and a fourth horizontal screw rod; the model shield machine is placed in a groove of a shield machine track and is tightly attached to the groove; the guide rail of the counter-force system is fixedly connected with the track of the shield tunneling machine; the bolt hole site is positioned in the guide rail of the counter-force system; the shield reaction plate is connected with the guide rail of the reaction system through a clamping groove and is screwed into a bolt hole position through a reaction plate fixing bolt for fixing; the arc-shaped frame is fixedly connected with the shield machine track; the limiting baffle is fixedly connected with the handle; the angle stabilizing baffle is fixedly connected with the handle; the spring is sleeved outside the handle; the hydraulic jack is fixedly connected with the shield tail; the thread is positioned on the horizontal guide rail; the electric gear is embedded on the inner surface of the first horizontal travelling crane, the second travelling crane, the third travelling crane and the fourth travelling crane.
3. The method of operation of claim 2, wherein the horizontal rail is connected to the mold box by heat welding.
4. The operating method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first vertical screw lift is connected to the first vehicle by welding; the second vertical screw rod lifter is connected with the second travelling crane through welding; the third vertical screw rod lifter is connected with the third traveling crane through welding; the fourth vertical screw rod lifter is connected with the fourth row vehicle through welding.
5. The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein the first horizontal lead screw is connected to the shield machine track by welding; the second horizontal screw rod is connected with the shield machine track in a welding mode; the third horizontal screw rod is connected with the shield machine track in a welding mode; and the fourth horizontal screw rod is connected with the shield machine track through welding.
6. The operation method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the reaction system guide rail is connected with the shield machine track by welding, and the arc-shaped frame is connected with the shield machine track by fixing bolts; the limiting baffle is connected with the handle through welding; the angle stabilizing baffle is connected with the handle through welding; the hydraulic jack is connected with the shield tail through welding.
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