CN103422487B - Method for measuring settlement deformation by utilizing inclinometer and angle-adjustable converter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement of high fill settlement deformation; the technical problem to be solved is to provide a V-shaped line suitable for the horizontal plane of high fill foundation with a single air surface, and use a measuring rope to drive the measurement through an angle-adjustable converter. The method for measuring settlement deformation by moving the inclinometer; the adopted technical scheme is: the method of measuring the settlement deformation by using the inclinometer through the angle-adjustable converter, and the inclinometer installed on the measuring rope moves in the settlement tube through the angle-adjustable converter To measure the settlement deformation of the high fill foundation with a single free surface; the measurement method includes the following steps: the first step, select the reference point and observe the section, the second step, bury the settlement tube and the angle-adjustable converter, the third step , observe and record the initial data, the fourth step is to measure the elevation of the exit point of the section after settlement, the fifth step is to adjust the inclinometer to zero, the sixth step is to measure the settlement deformation, the seventh step is to organize and analyze the data; the present invention is mainly used for single Settlement deformation measurement of high fill foundation on free face.

Description

Method of Measuring Settlement Deformation Using Angle Adjustable Converter Using Inclinometer

technical field

The present invention uses an inclinometer to measure settlement deformation through an angle-adjustable converter, which belongs to the technical field of high fill settlement deformation measurement, and in particular relates to the measurement of settlement deformation of a V-shaped line in the horizontal plane of a high fill foundation with a single empty surface .

Background technique

With the expansion of our country's capital construction scale, the construction land is becoming more and more scarce, and the requirements for land use are getting higher and higher. In recent years, in order to avoid competing for land with fertile land, many cities have proposed the development strategy of "industry out of the city and projects up the mountain". Deep digging and high filling. At present, the filling body of high fill foundation adopts layered backfilling, layered compaction or tamping. It is particularly important to control the settlement generated in high fill engineering.

Most of the existing methods for measuring settlement deformation use the vertical direction to measure discrete hole positions. This method not only causes inconvenience to the construction during the process of reservation and protection of settlement holes, but also the measured data is only a few A discrete hole position cannot fully represent the settlement value of a certain section.

However, the current method of linear settlement observation using an inclinometer along the horizontal direction can only be applied to high filling projects with double empty faces. Obviously, the existing measurement methods for high fill works with only one free face are very limited.

Contents of the invention

The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, and the technical problem to be solved is to provide a V-shaped line suitable for the horizontal plane of the high filling foundation with a single air surface, and use the measuring rope to drive the inclinometer to move through the angle-adjustable converter. The method for measuring settlement deformation has a wide measuring range and is convenient and accurate to use.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the method of measuring the settlement deformation by using the inclinometer through the angle-adjustable converter, and the inclinometer installed on the measuring rope moves in the settlement tube through the angle-adjustable converter To measure the settlement deformation of the high fill foundation with a single free surface;

The structure of the adjustable angle converter is as follows: it includes a triangular prism frame, a multi-angle adjustable pulley block, a joint pipe and a cover plate. The multi-angle adjustable pulley block is installed inside the triangular prism frame, and a guide is provided on one side edge The bottom of the multi-angle adjustable pulley block is set in the guide adjustment slot column, and the guide adjustment slot column is provided with a plurality of adjustment holes, which are fastened and fixed by positioning screws and the multi-angle adjustable pulley block. The triangular prism frame and A joint pipe is respectively hinged on two rectangular side frames corresponding to the side edges of the guide adjustment groove column, and the outer surface of the triangular prism frame is equipped with a cover plate and two side frames with joint pipes There is a rotation gap for the rotation of the joint pipe. The structure of the multi-angle adjustable pulley block is: the vertical bar of the T-shaped bar is set in the guide adjustment groove column, and the two ends of the horizontal bar of the T-shaped bar are respectively connected to a The rods are hinged at one end and each connecting rod is fitted with a pulley at the other end;

The measurement method includes the following steps:

The first step is to select the reference point and observation section, and set the reference point in a stable area. According to the actual requirements of the site engineering and terrain conditions, select a representative observation section as the buried position of the settlement tube and the angle-adjustable converter, forming a V shape measuring circuit;

The second step is to bury the settling tube and the angle-adjustable converter. On the observation section selected in the first step, two settling tubes are laid according to the angle required by the project. The settling tube protrudes from the observation section by 0.5-1m. Adjust the position of the two pulleys in the angle-adjustable converter and the rotation angles of the two joint pipes, and place the adjusted angle-adjustable converter at the intersection point of the two settling tubes. Each settling tube is connected to a The joint pipe is connected, and a measuring rope is placed in the two settling pipes, and the measuring rope passes through the two joint pipes and two pulleys in the angle-adjustable converter, and the two ends of the measuring rope pass through the two settling pipes to extend out for observation Section;

The third step is to observe and record the initial data. Set up an observation point every 0.5m or 1m in the settling tube, and measure and record the elevation and embedding direction of the section outlet points of the two settling tubes with reference to the reference point with the elevation measuring instrument;

The fourth step is to measure the elevation of the exit point of the section after settlement. After filling a layer of soil on the high fill foundation and settling for a period of time, use the elevation measuring instrument to observe the elevation of the exit point of the section of the two settlement pipes after settlement with reference to the reference point and record;

The fifth step is to adjust the inclinometer to zero, connect the inclinometer to the measuring rope in one of the settlement tubes, connect the cable of the inclinometer to the indicator, and calibrate and adjust the inclinometer at the nozzle of the settlement tube. zero;

The sixth step is the measurement of settlement deformation. Pull one end of the measuring rope without the inclinometer installed, drive the inclinometer in the other settlement tube to move, read the reflected data of the inclinometer at each observation point, and record it;

The seventh step is data collation and analysis.

In the sixth step, after the inclinometer moves in one settling tube and the measurement is completed, the inclinometer is placed in another settling tube and the fifth and sixth steps are repeated to record the measurement.

In the sixth step, when measuring at the observation point, the measuring rope is pulled to drive the inclinometer to make multiple measurements back and forth at multiple observation points in one settling tube, and record the reflected data of each observation point.

Before zeroing the inclinometer in the fifth step, align the probe guide wheel with the vertical guide groove and place it in the corresponding settling tube for 3-5 minutes.

In the second step, when the settling pipes are buried, they are connected joint by joint, and each joint is inserted into half of the length of the connecting pipe, and it can only be laid after checking that the joints are well connected.

In the second step, after the settling tube is buried, a groove is dug at the exit point of the section, and an inspection well is poured with concrete at the end of the settling tube.

The altitude measuring instrument for measuring the elevation of the exit point of the section in the third and fourth steps is a level or a total station.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

1. The present invention solves the problem of movement of the inclinometer in the settling tube when measuring the settlement deformation of the high filling foundation with a single face by installing an angle-adjustable converter between the two settling tubes. The two settling tubes and the angle The adjustable converter forms a V-shaped line with a certain angle, and the inclinometer is moved in the settlement tube through the tensile measuring rope and the measurement is recorded, and finally the settlement value of the specific observation point is obtained, which is convenient to use, low in measurement cost, and does not require It will affect the high fill foundation itself.

2. Due to the angle adjustability of the angle adjustable converter in the present invention, the adjustment angle is 0°-180°, so that the angle formed by the two ends of the measuring rope is suitable for the angle range of the V-shaped line formed by the two settling tubes It is 0°-180°, and it can be used for the settlement deformation measurement of various high fill foundations with single air surface, and has a wide range of applications.

3. In the present invention, when the settling pipes are buried, they are connected one by one, and each settling pipe is inserted into half of the length of the connecting pipe. It can be laid after checking that the joints are well connected, which can prevent the sediment from entering the settling pipe from the connecting pipe section and causing the The measurement results are biased.

4. When zeroing the inclinometer in the present invention, first align the probe guide wheel with the vertical guide groove and place it in the corresponding settling tube for 3-5 minutes to balance the probe with the underground temperature and ensure measurement accuracy.

5. The present invention pulls the measuring rope to drive the inclinometer to go back and forth in a settling tube for multiple measurements during the measurement of settlement deformation, so that the measurement data of each observation point is more accurate.

6. In the present invention, the inclinometer moves in one settling tube and after the measurement is completed, the inclinometer is placed in another settling tube for measurement and recording, which realizes the simultaneous measurement of a V-shaped line in an observation section, which is low in cost and easy to use ,save time and energy.

7. In the present invention, after the settlement pipe is buried, a groove is dug at the exit point of the section, and an inspection well is poured with concrete at the end of the settlement pipe to protect the settlement pipe and avoid damage to the settlement pipe during the settlement of the high fill foundation.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the settling tube and the angle-adjustable converter of the present invention on the observation section of the high fill foundation.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the settlement state of the settling tube and the angle-adjustable converter after settling deformation in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the elevation of the outlet point of the cross section before and after subsidence measured with the reference point of the elevation measuring instrument in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an angle-adjustable converter in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention installing settling pipes and angle-adjustable converters at multiple positions on an observation section of a high fill foundation with a single air surface.

In the figure: 1 is a triangular prism frame, 2 is a multi-angle adjustable pulley block, 3 is a joint pipe, 4 is a measuring rope, 5 is a guide adjustment groove column, 6 is a settling tube, 7 is an angle adjustable converter, 8 is a height Filling foundation, 9 is an inclinometer, 10 is an elevation measuring instrument, 11 is a reference point, and 12 is an empty surface.

Detailed ways

The present invention uses an inclinometer to measure settlement deformation through an angle-adjustable converter. The inclinometer 9 installed on the measuring rope 4 moves in the settlement tube 6 through the angle-adjustable converter 7 to measure the high filling of the single air surface. Settlement deformation of square foundation 8;

As shown in Figure 4, the structure of the angle adjustable converter 7 is: comprising a triangular prism frame 1, a multi-angle adjustable pulley block 2, a joint pipe 3 and a cover plate, and the multi-angle adjustable pulley block 2 is installed inside the triangular prism frame 1 , a side edge of the triangular prism frame 1 is provided with a guide adjustment groove column 5, the bottom of the multi-angle adjustable pulley block 2 is set in the guide adjustment groove column 5, and the guide adjustment groove column 5 is provided with a plurality of adjustment holes and passed through The positioning screw is fastened and fixed to the multi-angle adjustable pulley block 2. On the triangular prism frame 1, a joint pipe 3 is respectively hinged on the two rectangular side frames corresponding to the side edges provided with the guide adjustment groove column 5. The outer surface of the triangular prism frame 1 is equipped with a cover plate and the two side frames on which the joint pipe 3 is installed leave a rotation gap for the joint pipe 3 to rotate. The structure of the multi-angle adjustable pulley block 2 is: T-shaped bar The vertical bar is set in the guide adjustment groove column 5, and the two ends of the cross bar of the T-shaped bar are respectively hinged with one end of a connecting rod, and a pulley is installed at the other end of each connecting rod;

The measurement method includes the following steps:

The first step is to select the reference point and observation section, as shown in Figure 3, set the reference point in a stable area, and select a representative observation section as the settlement tube 6 and the angle-adjustable transformation according to the actual requirements of the site engineering and terrain conditions. The embedding position of the device 7 forms a V-shaped measurement line;

The second step is to bury the settling tube 6 and the angle-adjustable converter 7. As shown in Figure 1, two settling tubes 6 are laid on the observation section selected in the first step according to the angle required by the project, and the settling tube 6 protrudes Observe the section of 0.5-1m, adjust the positions of the two pulleys in the angle-adjustable converter 7 and the rotation angles of the two joint pipes 3 according to the included angle, and place the adjusted angle-adjustable converter 7 on the two subsidence The position of the junction point of the tubes 6, each settling tube 6 communicates with a joint pipe 3 respectively, a measuring rope 4 is placed in the two settling tubes 6 and the measuring rope 4 passes through the two joint pipes in the angle-adjustable converter 7 3 and two pulleys, the two ends of the measuring rope 4 respectively pass through the two settling tubes 6 and stretch out the observation section;

The 3rd step, observe and record the initial data, set an observation point every interval of 0.5m or 1m in the settling tube 6, measure the elevation and the embedding direction of the section outlet points of the two settling tubes 6 with reference to the datum point with the elevation measuring instrument 10 and Record,

The fourth step is to measure the elevation of the exit point of the cross section after settlement. After filling a layer of soil on the high fill foundation and settling for a period of time, use the elevation measuring instrument 10 to observe the cross section exit point of the two settlement pipes 6 after the settlement of the reference point. the elevation and record it;

In the fifth step, the inclinometer is zeroed, and the inclinometer 9 is connected to the measuring rope 4 in one of the settlement tubes 6. The cable of the inclinometer 9 is connected to the indicator, and the inclinometer 9 is connected to the settling tube 6. Calibrate and zero at the nozzle;

The sixth step, settlement deformation measurement, pulls one end of the measuring rope 4 that is not installed with the inclinometer 9, drives the inclinometer 9 in the other settlement tube 6 to move, and reads the reflected data of the inclinometer 9 at each observation point, and record it;

The seventh step is data collation and analysis.

In the sixth step, after the inclinometer 9 moves in a settling tube 6 and the measurement is finished, the inclinometer 9 is placed in another settling tube and the fifth and sixth steps are repeated to measure and record, realizing a Simultaneous measurement of the V-shaped line of the observation section, low cost, easy to use, time-saving and labor-saving.

In the sixth step described in the observation point measurement, pull the measuring rope 4 to drive the inclinometer 9 to measure multiple observation points back and forth in a settling tube 6, and record the reflection data of each observation point, so that each observation point The measurement data is more accurate.

Before zeroing the inclinometer in the fifth step, align the probe guide wheel with the vertical guide groove and place it in the corresponding settling tube 6 for 3-5 minutes to balance the probe with the underground temperature and ensure measurement accuracy .

In the second step, when the settling pipes 6 are buried, they are connected one by one, and each settling pipe is inserted into half of the length of the connecting pipe. After checking that the joints are well connected, they can be laid to prevent sediment from entering the settlement from the connecting pipe sections. In the tube 6, the measurement results will be biased.

After the settling tube is buried in the second step, a groove is dug at the exit point of the section, and an inspection well is poured with concrete at the end of the settling tube 6 .

The elevation measuring instrument 10 used to measure the elevation of the exit point of the section in the third and fourth steps is a level or a total station.

As shown in Figure 3, the altitude of the exit point of the section before and after settlement is measured with reference to the reference point of the elevation measuring instrument 10. The elevation of point A before settlement and the elevation of A' after settlement of the exit point of the section.

The inclinometer 9 is an existing instrument, which is widely used in measuring the vertical displacement of structures such as earth-rock dams, face dams, rock mass slopes, civil foundation pits, roadbeds, etc. The inclinometer 9 can be used repeatedly in conjunction with the settlement pipe 6.

The position of the two pulleys and the two joint pipes 3 in the angle-adjustable converter 7 is adjusted so that the angle formed by the two ends of the measuring rope 4 is suitable for the V-shaped line formed by the two settling pipes 6. The angle range is 0° -180°, suitable for the measurement of the settlement deformation of the V-shaped line formed by two settlement tubes in the horizontal plane of the high fill foundation with a single air surface.

Because the cost of the settling tube 6 and the adjustable angle converter 7 used in the present invention is relatively low, the adjustable angle converter 7 and two settling tubes 6 can be buried in the position to be detected in each layer of fill, for each The settlement and deformation of different positions of the layer fill are measured separately, which has great reference value for the study of the overall settlement of the soil.

As shown in FIG. 5 , it is a schematic diagram of a state where multiple angle-adjustable converters 7 and settling pipes 6 are buried at different angles at different positions on an observation section of a high fill foundation 8 with a single free surface.

Calculation principle:

As shown in Figure 2, in the process of high fill construction, the soil is layered and rolled and backfilled. After the high fill foundation is backfilled and compacted, the exit point A of the section settles to A', and one of the observation points B settles to B ', according to the elevation of the cross-section outlet point A obtained in the third step and the A' elevation after the settlement obtained in the fourth step, deduce the settlement _ΔA of the cross-section outlet point A;

In the sixth step, the height difference h _AB of B' relative to A' after settlement is derived from the data reflected by the inclinometer 9;

Then the calculation formula of the settlement value Δ _B of point B relative to this backfill layer is as follows:

Δ _B = Δ _A + h _AB .

Since the self-weight of the inclinometer 9 is relatively small, the vertical displacement caused by its own gravity relative to the displacement of the total settlement tube 6 is very small, so the vertical displacement caused by the inclinometer 9 due to its own gravity can be ignored .

Claims (7)

1. utilize inclinometer to measure the method for sedimentation and deformation by adjustable angle converter, it is characterized in that: the inclinometer (9) be arranged on lining rope (4) moves the sedimentation and deformation measuring the high fill foundation (8) of single free-face in sedimentation pipe (6) by adjustable angle converter (7);

The structure of adjustable angle converter (7) is: comprise triangular prism framework (1), multi-angle adjustable slide wheels (2), junction block (3) and overlay, multi-angle adjustable slide wheels (2) are arranged on the inside of triangular prism framework (1), an incline of triangular prism framework (1) is provided with guiding regulating tank post (5), the bottom of multi-angle adjustable slide wheels (2) is sleeved in guiding regulating tank post (5), and guiding regulating tank post (5) is provided with multiple adjustment hole and is fastened and fixed by set screw and multi-angle adjustable slide wheels (2), the lateral frame of upper two rectangles corresponding with the incline being provided with the regulating tank post (5) that leads of triangular prism framework (1) is hinged with a junction block (3) respectively, the outer surface of described triangular prism framework (1) is all provided with overlay and is provided with the rotary gap two lateral frames of junction block (3) leaving and rotates for junction block (3), the structure of described multi-angle adjustable slide wheels (2) is: the montant of T-shaped bar is sleeved in guiding regulating tank post (5), cross bar two ends of T-shaped bar are hinged with one end of a connecting rod respectively, the other end of each connecting rod is all provided with a pulley,

Measuring method comprises the steps:

The first step, selected reference point and measuring frequency section, establish datum mark in stable location, according to field engineering actual requirement and orographic condition, choose the burial place of representative measuring frequency section as sedimentation pipe (6) and adjustable angle converter (7), form V-arrangement measurement circuitry;

Second step, bury sedimentation pipe (6) and adjustable angle converter (7) underground, the measuring frequency section that the first step is selected lays two sedimentation pipes (6) by the angle of requirement of engineering, sedimentation pipe (6) stretches out measuring frequency section 0.5-1m, according to the described angle adjustment position of adjustable angle converter (7) interior two pulleys and the anglec of rotation of two junction blocks (3), and the adjustable angle converter (7) adjusted is placed on the interface point position of two sedimentation pipes (6), each sedimentation pipe (6) is communicated with a junction block (3) respectively, place lining ropes (4) in two sedimentation pipes (6) and lining rope (4) through two junction blocks (3) in adjustable angle converter (7) and two pulleys, the two ends of lining rope (4) are each passed through two sedimentation pipes (6) and stretch out measuring frequency section,

3rd step, observational record primary data, arranges an observation station at interval of 0.5m or 1m in sedimentation pipe (6), determines the absolute altitude of the section exit point of two sedimentation pipes (6) with level measurement instrument (10) basis of reference point and buries direction underground and record;

4th step, absolute altitude after the sedimentation of Measure section exit point, high fill foundation tamps one deck soil and after sedimentation after a while, with the absolute altitude after the section exit point sedimentation of level measurement instrument (10) basis of reference point observation two sedimentation pipes (6) and record;

5th step, inclinometer returns to zero, and the lining rope (4) wherein in a sedimentation pipe (6) connects inclinometer (9), and the cable of inclinometer (9) is connected with indicator, and the mouth of pipe place of inclinometer (9) at sedimentation pipe (6) is corrected and returned to zero;

6th step, settlement deformation survey, pulls lining rope (4) one end of not installing inclinometer (9), drives the inclinometer (9) in another sedimentation pipe (6) mobile, reads the reflection data of inclinometer (9), line item of going forward side by side in each observation station;

7th step, data to arrange analysis.

2. the inclinometer that utilizes according to claim 1 measures the method for sedimentation and deformation by adjustable angle converter, it is characterized in that: in the 6th described step, inclinometer (9) move in the sedimentation pipe (6) and after measuring and terminating, inclinometer (9) is placed into repetition the 5th step and the 6th step in another sedimentation pipe and carries out surveying record.

3. the inclinometer that utilizes according to claim 1 and 2 measures the method for sedimentation and deformation by adjustable angle converter, it is characterized in that: in the 6th described step when observation station is measured, pull lining rope (4) to drive inclinometer (9) multiple observation station commute repetitive measurement in a sedimentation pipe (6), and record each observation station reflection data.

4. the inclinometer that utilizes according to claim 1 and 2 measures the method for sedimentation and deformation by adjustable angle converter, it is characterized in that: in the 5th described step before inclinometer zeroing, first gauge head guide wheel aligned perpendicular guide groove is placed on 3-5 minute in corresponding sedimentation pipe (6).

5. the inclinometer that utilizes according to claim 1 and 2 measures the method for sedimentation and deformation by adjustable angle converter, it is characterized in that: when burying sedimentation pipe (6) in described second step underground, counterpart is linked to be one section by section, often save the half that sedimentation pipe is inserted in tube connector length, checking that each pipe joint connects well could lay.

6. the inclinometer that utilizes according to claim 1 and 2 measures the method for sedimentation and deformation by adjustable angle converter, it is characterized in that: after described second step has buried sedimentation pipe underground, in the position grooving of section exit point, and at the end concreting inspection shaft of sedimentation pipe (6).

7. the inclinometer that utilizes according to claim 1 and 2 measures the method for sedimentation and deformation by adjustable angle converter, it is characterized in that: the level measurement instrument (10) of described 3rd step and the 4th step Measure section exit point absolute altitude is spirit level, or is total powerstation.