CN106643649B - Device and method for measuring deep settlement and pore water pressure of soil body - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring deep settlement and pore water pressure of soil body Download PDFInfo
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- CN106643649B CN106643649B CN201611177185.9A CN201611177185A CN106643649B CN 106643649 B CN106643649 B CN 106643649B CN 201611177185 A CN201611177185 A CN 201611177185A CN 106643649 B CN106643649 B CN 106643649B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
- G01C5/04—Hydrostatic levelling, i.e. by flexibly interconnected liquid containers at separated points
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L11/00—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00
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Abstract
Deep sedimentation of soil bodyThe measuring device comprises a permeable head positioned at a measuring point, a liquid pipe and a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of a measuring end of the liquid pipe, wherein the liquid pipe comprises a first liquid pipe and a second liquid pipe; the measuring method comprises the following steps: 1) firstly, arranging a water permeating head at a measuring point, and respectively connecting a first liquid pipe and a second liquid pipe with a pressure sensor; 2) the pressure sensors respectively read the pressure values P of the measuring ends of the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe A And P B (ii) a Or the pressure difference between the two pipes and the pressure value P of one pipe Difference (D) And P c (ii) a 3) And calculating the elevation of the measuring points and the pore water pressure at the measuring points.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rock and soil monitoring, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring deep settlement and pore water pressure of soil.
Background
The deformation of the foundation under the action of building load in civil engineering construction is one of the critical points in the construction process and one of the key indexes of construction control, and particularly in the construction process of traffic engineering such as high-speed highways and high-speed railways on soft soil foundations, the settlement problem often directly controls the construction progress of the engineering and the service level of roads in the operation period. Therefore, in order to control the settlement of the roadbed and guide the construction of buildings on the roadbed, the settlement of the foundation in the construction and use processes of the buildings needs to be dynamically monitored to guide the construction process.
At present, a magnetic ring type layered settlement instrument is mainly adopted to observe the deep settlement deformation of the foundation in the engineering construction process. The common layered settlement system consists of a magnet ring, a protection tube, a probe, an indicator and the like. Generally, a magnet ring is arranged in each layer of soil body, and the soil layer and the magnet ring synchronously sink or rebound in the deformation process of the soil body; during measurement, when the detecting head reaches the position of the magnetic ring, the sounder of the receiving system can generate continuous beeping sounds, the depth size of the steel tapping rule cable at the pipe opening is read and written, the position of the magnetic ring is measured through the detecting head and the indicator, the displacement value of the magnetic ring is further obtained, and finally the sedimentation and rebound conditions of the stratum are obtained. When the layered settlement gauge is installed, a hole needs to be drilled in soil, then the magnet ring is embedded into the preset position in the hole, and gap between the layered settlement measuring pipe and the hole wall is filled with gap filling materials such as bentonite, fine sand, cement and the like. The magnetic ring type layered settlement meter is adopted to measure the deep deformation of the foundation, and the following problems exist:
1) the magnet ring and the duct can not freely slide due to the blockage of sand grains and the like, and the deep deformation of the foundation can not be truly reflected, so that the measurement fails;
2) the accuracy of the readings and the accuracy of the measurements depend on how the start position of the utterance or indication is determined, which is related to the proficiency of the operator;
3) in the traffic engineering, the measurement of deep settlement can not be carried out in the later pavement construction period and after the traffic operation;
4) the layered pipe for measurement must vertically extend upwards out of the ground surface, and is easy to damage in construction;
5) the measurement work can not be carried out under bad weather conditions, and the test work is greatly influenced by the external environment.
At present, the pore water pressure in construction generally adopts a mode of directly burying a pressure sensor at a measuring point position to read a pressure value. The disadvantages are that:
1) the pressure sensor can not be recovered after being buried;
2) the pressure sensor and the cable are easily out of service due to water inflow of the sensor or the cable when being in underground water for a long time;
3) the damaged part can not be repaired basically, and the maintenance is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the existing soil deep settlement and pore water pressure measuring technology, the invention provides a soil deep settlement and pore water pressure measuring device and a measuring method which are low in cost and easy to construct and maintain.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a soil deep settlement and pore water pressure measuring device, is including the pressure sensor that is located the head of penetrating water, the liquid pipe of survey department and is used for measuring the pressure of the measurement end of liquid pipe, the liquid pipe includes first liquid pipe and second liquid pipe, the liquid unit weight in the first liquid pipe with the liquid unit weight in the second liquid pipe is different, the measurement station end of first liquid pipe with the measurement station end of second liquid pipe all is located in the head of penetrating water, the liquid pressure balance face in the first liquid pipe the liquid pressure balance face in the second liquid pipe all is in same position with the measurement station, the measurement end of first liquid pipe with the measurement end of second liquid pipe respectively with pressure sensor connects.
Furthermore, the pressure sensors are respectively a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor, the measuring end of the first liquid pipe is connected with the first pressure sensor, and the measuring end of the second liquid pipe is connected with the second pressure sensor.
A measuring method realized by a soil deep sedimentation and pore water pressure measuring device comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, arranging a water permeating head at a measuring point, and respectively connecting a measuring end of a first liquid pipe and a measuring end of a second liquid pipe with a pressure sensor;
2) the pressure sensors respectively read the pressure values P of the measuring ends of the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe A And P B ；
3) Calculating the elevation of the measuring point and the pore water pressure at the measuring point:
3.1) the following equation can be derived from the pressure balance principle at the measurement point:
P A +h height difference ×γ A ＝P B +h Height difference ×γ B ； (1)
In the formula of gamma A 、γ B The volume weight of the liquid in the first liquid pipe and the volume weight of the liquid in the second liquid pipe are respectively, and the unit is N/m 3 ；h Height difference The height difference between a measuring point and the pressure sensor is m; p A 、P B The unit is Pa;
the above formula can be converted into h Height difference ＝(P A -P B )/(γ B -γ A )； (2)
Let the pressure difference between the measuring ends of the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe be P Difference (D) Then there are:
P difference (D) ＝P A -P B (3)
h Height difference ＝P Difference (D) /(γ B -γ A )； (4)
At known pressure sensor elevation H Sensor with a sensor element The elevation of the survey point can be calculated under the following conditions:
H measuring point ＝H Sensor with a sensor element -h Height difference ； (5)
Analysis H Measuring point The settlement condition of the measuring point can be known through the change of the numerical value;
3.2) the pore water pressure at the measuring point is as follows:
P measuring point ＝P A +h Height difference ×γ A Or P Measuring point ＝P B +h Height difference ×γ B ； (6)
In the formula, gamma A 、γ B The volume weight of the liquid in the first liquid pipe and the volume weight of the liquid in the second liquid pipe are respectively, and the unit is N/m 3 ；P A 、P B Respectively measuring pressure values of a pressure sensor to a measuring end of the first liquid pipe and a measuring end of the second liquid pipe, wherein the unit is Pa; h is Height difference The height difference between the measuring point and the pressure sensor is m.
The device comprises a water permeable head, a first liquid pipe, a second liquid pipe, a differential pressure sensor and a pressure sensor, wherein the water permeable head, the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe are positioned at measuring points, the differential pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure difference between the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe, the pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of a measuring end of the liquid pipe, the volume weight of liquid in the first liquid pipe is different from that of liquid in the second liquid pipe, the measuring point end of the first liquid pipe and the measuring point end of the second liquid pipe are both positioned in the water permeable head, the measuring end of the first liquid pipe and the measuring end of the second liquid pipe are respectively connected with the differential pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is connected with the measuring end of one of the first liquid pipe, the second liquid pipe and an additional third liquid pipe, and a liquid pressure balance surface in the first liquid pipe and a liquid pressure balance surface in the second liquid pipe are connected, And the liquid pressure balance surface in the third liquid pipe and the measuring point are positioned at the same position.
Further, the measuring point end of the third liquid pipe is positioned in the water permeating head.
A measuring method realized by a soil deep sedimentation and pore water pressure measuring device comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, arranging a water permeating head at a measuring point, respectively connecting a measuring end of a first liquid pipe and a measuring end of a second liquid pipe with a differential pressure sensor, and simultaneously connecting a pressure sensor with a measuring end of one of the first liquid pipe, the second liquid pipe and an additionally arranged third liquid pipe;
2) the differential pressure sensor reads the pressure difference P between the measuring end of the first liquid pipe and the measuring end of the second liquid pipe Difference between The pressure sensor reads the pressure P at the measuring end of one of the first liquid pipe, the second liquid pipe and the third liquid pipe c ；
3) Calculating the elevation of the measuring point and the pore water pressure at the measuring point:
3.1) the following equation can be derived from the pressure balance principle at the measurement point:
P difference (D) ＝h Height difference ×γ B -h Height difference ×γ A ； (7)
In the formula of gamma A 、γ B The volume weight of the liquid in the first liquid pipe and the volume weight of the liquid in the second liquid pipe are respectively, and the unit is N/m 3 ；h Height difference The height difference between a measuring point and the differential pressure sensor is m; p Difference (D) The unit is Pa;
the above formula can be converted into h Height difference ＝P Difference (D) /(γ B -γ A )； (4)
At known differential pressure sensor elevation H Sensor with a sensor element The elevation of the survey point can be calculated under the following conditions:
H measuring point ＝H Sensor with a sensor element -h Height difference ； (5)
Analysis H Measuring point The settlement condition of the measuring point can be known through the change of the numerical value;
3.2) the pore water pressure at the measuring point is as follows:
P measuring point ＝P c +h Height difference ×γ C (8)
In the formula, gamma C The volume weight of the liquid in the liquid pipe connected with the pressure sensor; p c Is the measured value of the pressure sensor and has the unit of Pa; h is Height difference The height difference between a measuring point and the differential pressure sensor is m.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the method has the advantages of low cost, easy construction and maintenance, suitability for settlement observation and pore water pressure observation of various complex foundations, capability of greatly reducing the working strength of field constructors, and great application value in engineering practice; the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) two items of monitoring data are obtained through a method, and the installation and maintenance workload is reduced;
2) expensive materials such as settlement marks, settlement pipes, hole pressure cables and the like which need to be buried originally are replaced by the much cheaper communicating liquid pipes, and the workload of drilling and burying can be reduced, so that the cost is saved;
3) because the liquid pipe is made of flexible materials, compared with a rigid sedimentation pipe and a sedimentation mark, the liquid pipe is more convenient to extract and protect, and has stronger applicability and practicability;
4) the layered settlement observation of the soil layer in the operation period after the traffic of the road surface can be conducted outside the traffic lane;
5) the underground embedded part does not need to be electrified and has a simple structure, and the failure rate can be greatly reduced in practical application; the pressure sensor is placed on the ground surface or near the ground surface, so that the pressure sensor is easy to maintain and replace, and the monitoring guarantee rate is improved;
6) most of equipment and materials except the water penetration head and the liquid pipe can be recycled when the monitoring task is finished, and the cost is further reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring soil deep settlement and pore water pressure.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the device for measuring soil deep settlement and pore water pressure comprises a water permeable head 1 located at a measuring point, a liquid pipe and a pressure sensor for measuring pressure at a measuring end of the liquid pipe, wherein the liquid pipe comprises a first liquid pipe 2 and a second liquid pipe 3, the volume weight of liquid in the first liquid pipe 2 is different from that of liquid in the second liquid pipe 3, the measuring point end of the first liquid pipe 2 and the measuring point end of the second liquid pipe 3 are both located in the water permeable head, the liquid pressure balance surface in the first liquid pipe 2 and the liquid pressure balance surface in the second liquid pipe 3 are both located at the same position as the measuring point, and the measuring end of the first liquid pipe 2 and the measuring end of the second liquid pipe 3 are respectively connected with the pressure sensor 4.
Further, the pressure sensors are two, namely a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor, the measuring end of the first liquid pipe 2 is connected with the first pressure sensor, and the measuring end of the second liquid pipe 3 is connected with the second pressure sensor. The first pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of the liquid at the measuring end of the first liquid pipe 2, and the second pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of the liquid at the measuring end of the second liquid pipe 3. The first pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of the liquid at the measuring end of the first liquid pipe 2, and the second pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of the liquid at the measuring end of the second liquid pipe 3.
A measuring method realized by a soil deep sedimentation and pore water pressure measuring device comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, arranging a water permeating head 1 at a measuring point, and respectively connecting a measuring end of a first liquid pipe 2 and a measuring end of a second liquid pipe 3 with a pressure sensor 4;
2) the pressure sensor 4 reads the pressure values P of the measuring end of the first liquid pipe 2 and the measuring end of the second liquid pipe 3, respectively A And P B ；
3) Calculating the elevation of the measuring point and the pore water pressure at the measuring point:
3.1) the following equation can be derived from the pressure balance principle at the measurement point:
P A +h height difference ×γ A ＝P B +h Height difference ×γ B ； (1)
In the formula of gamma A 、γ B The volume weight of the liquid in the first liquid pipe and the volume weight of the liquid in the second liquid pipe are respectively, and the unit is N/m 3 ；h Height difference The height difference between a measuring point and the pressure sensor is m; p A 、P B The unit is Pa;
the above formula can be converted into h Height difference ＝(P A -P B )/(γ B -γ A )； (2)
Let the pressure difference between the measuring ends of the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe be P Difference (D) Then there are:
P difference (D) ＝P A -P B (3)
h Height difference ＝P Difference (D) /(γ B -γ A )； (4)
At known pressure sensor elevation H Sensor with a sensor element The elevation of the survey point can be calculated under the following conditions:
H measuring point ＝H Sensor with a sensor element -h Height difference ； (5)
Analysis H Measuring point The settlement condition of the measuring point can be known through the change of the numerical value;
3.2) the pore water pressure at the measuring point is as follows:
P measuring point ＝P A +h Height difference ×γ A Or P Measuring point ＝P B +h Height difference ×γ B ； (6)
In the formula, gamma A 、γ B The volume weight of the liquid in the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipeVolume weight of liquid in body tube, with unit of N/m 3 ；
P A 、P B Respectively measuring pressure values of a pressure sensor to a measuring end of the first liquid pipe and a measuring end of the second liquid pipe, wherein the unit is Pa; h is Height difference The height difference between the measuring point and the pressure sensor is m.
The device comprises a water permeable head, a first liquid pipe, a second liquid pipe, a differential pressure sensor and a pressure sensor, wherein the water permeable head, the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe are positioned at measuring points, the differential pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure difference between the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe, the pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of a measuring end of the liquid pipe, the volume weight of liquid in the first liquid pipe is different from that of liquid in the second liquid pipe, the measuring point end of the first liquid pipe and the measuring point end of the second liquid pipe are both positioned in the water permeable head, the measuring end of the first liquid pipe and the measuring end of the second liquid pipe are respectively connected with the differential pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is connected with the measuring end of one of the first liquid pipe, the second liquid pipe and an additional third liquid pipe, and a liquid pressure balance surface in the first liquid pipe and a liquid pressure balance surface in the second liquid pipe are connected, And the liquid pressure balance surface in the third liquid pipe and the measuring point are positioned at the same position.
Further, the measuring point end of the third liquid pipe is positioned in the water permeating head.
A measuring method realized by a soil deep sedimentation and pore water pressure measuring device comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, arranging a water permeating head at a measuring point, respectively connecting a measuring end of a first liquid pipe and a measuring end of a second liquid pipe with a differential pressure sensor, and simultaneously connecting a pressure sensor with a measuring end of one of the first liquid pipe, the second liquid pipe and an additionally arranged third liquid pipe;
2) the differential pressure sensor reads the pressure difference P between the measuring end of the first liquid pipe and the measuring end of the second liquid pipe Difference (D) The pressure sensor reads one of the first liquid pipe, the second liquid pipe and the third liquid pipePressure P at the measuring end of the body tube c ；
3) Calculating the elevation of the measuring point and the pore water pressure at the measuring point:
3.1) the following equation can be derived from the pressure balance principle at the measurement point:
P difference (D) ＝h Height difference ×γ B -h Height difference ×γ A ； (7)
Wherein gamma is A 、γ B The volume weight of the liquid in the first liquid pipe and the volume weight of the liquid in the second liquid pipe are respectively, and the unit is N/m 3 ；h Height difference The height difference between a measuring point and the differential pressure sensor is m; p Difference (D) The unit is Pa;
the above formula can be converted into h Height difference ＝P Difference (D) /(γ B -γ A )； (4)
At known differential pressure sensor elevation H Sensor with a sensor element The elevation of the survey point can be calculated under the following conditions:
H measuring point ＝H Sensor with a sensor element -h Height difference ； (5)
Analysis H Measuring point The settlement condition of the measuring point can be known through the change of the numerical value;
3.2) the pore water pressure at the measuring point is as follows:
P measuring point ＝P c +h Height difference ×γ c (8)
In the formula, gamma c Is the volume weight of the liquid in the liquid pipe connected with the pressure sensor and has the unit of N/m 3 ；P c Is the measured value of the pressure sensor and has the unit of Pa; h is Height difference The height difference between a measuring point and the differential pressure sensor is m.
Of course, more than two liquid tubes may be provided, such as three, four for standby or for calibration.
In the embodiment, the pressure sensor is arranged at a position easy to maintain; the liquid pipe refers to a liquid pipe filled with the same liquid, namely the liquid in the liquid pipe is filled continuously from a pressure balance surface at a measuring point end to a sensor measuring surface at a measuring end.
The design principle of the invention is as follows: the method for indirectly measuring the deep settlement of the soil body and the pore water pressure in the soil body by using the pressure balance principle specifically comprises the following steps:
the pore water pressure at the measuring point acts on the measuring point end 21 of the first liquid pipe 2 in the water permeable head and the measuring point end 31 of the second liquid pipe 3 in the water permeable head through the water permeable head 1 at the measuring point, the pressure is respectively transmitted to the pressure sensor 4 at the measuring end through the two liquid pipes, and the pressure sensors respectively read the pressure values P of the measuring ends 22 and 32 of the first liquid pipe 2 and the second liquid pipe 3 A And P B (ii) a By making P pairs A 、P B The volume weight gamma of the liquid in the first liquid pipe A And the volume weight gamma of the liquid in the second liquid pipe B And a pressure balance formula at the measuring point head can obtain the height difference H between the measuring point and the pressure sensor Height difference The elevation and the settlement condition at the measuring point can be calculated by measuring the elevation of the pressure sensor; passing pressure value P A 、γ A 、H Height difference (or P) B 、γ B 、H Height difference ) The pore water pressure value P at the measuring point can be calculated by applying the communicating pipe pressure balance principle Measuring point (ii) a The method is simple to install, convenient to operate, high in applicability and easy to maintain, and can effectively improve the measurement guarantee rate and reduce the cost.
Example one:
the scheme adopts the following devices: the device comprises a first liquid pipe, a second liquid pipe, a water permeable head and a pressure sensor capable of measuring the pressure at the measuring end of the first liquid pipe and the pressure at the measuring end of the second liquid pipe, wherein the volume weight of kerosene and kerosene in the first liquid pipe is gamma A ＝8000N/m 3 (ii) a The second liquid tube contains water with the volume weight of gamma B ＝10000N/m 3 . P was measured in 2016 (10 months and 5 days) A ＝121000Pa、P B 102000Pa, and 23.365m of sensor elevation;
p was measured 10 months and 15 days in 2016 A ＝117048Pa、P B 98600Pa, and 23.298m of sensor elevation; .
Calculating the elevation of a measuring point and the pore water pressure as follows:
2016, 10 months, 5 days:
h height difference ＝(P A -P B )/(γ B -γ A )
＝(121000-102000)/(10000-8000)＝9.500m
Measuring point elevation H Measuring point ＝23.365-9.5＝13.865m
Pore water pressure P of measuring point Measuring point ＝P A +h Height difference ×γ A
＝121000+9.5×8000＝197000Pa。
2016, 10, 15 days:
h height difference ＝(P A -P B )/(γ B -γ A )
＝(117048-98000)/(10000-8000)＝9.524m
Measuring point elevation H Measuring point ＝23.298-9.524＝13.774m
Measuring point pore water pressure P Measuring point ＝P A +h Height difference ×γ A
＝117048+9.524×8000＝193240Pa。
Between 5 and 10 of 2016 and 15 of 2016 and 10 of 2016
The sedimentation amount is 13.865-13.774 m is 0.091 m.
Example two:
the scheme adopts the following devices: the device comprises a first liquid pipe, a second liquid pipe, a third liquid pipe, a water permeating head, a pressure difference sensor and a pressure sensor, wherein the pressure difference sensor is used for measuring the pressure difference between a measuring end of the first liquid pipe and a measuring end of the second liquid pipe, the pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of the measuring end of the third liquid pipe, the elevation of the pressure difference sensor is the same as that of the pressure sensor, kerosene is filled in the first liquid pipe, and the volume weight of the kerosene is gamma A ＝8000N/m 3 (ii) a The second liquid tube contains water with the volume weight of gamma B ＝10000N/m 3 (ii) a Water is filled in the third liquid pipe, and the volume weight of the water is gamma C ＝10000N/m 3 . Measuring pressure difference P between the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe in 2016 (10 months and 5 days) Difference (D) 15260Pa, pressure value P of the third liquid pipe c 99880Pa, and 23.400m of sensor elevation; the pressure difference P between the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe is measured in 2016 (10 months and 15 days) Difference (D) 15342Pa, pressure value P of the third liquid tube c 97630Pa, and a sensor height of 23.335 m.
Calculating the elevation of a measuring point and the pore water pressure as follows:
2016, 10 months, 5 days:
h height difference ＝P Difference (D) /(γ B -γ A )＝15260/(10000-8000)＝7.630m
Measuring point elevation H Measuring point ＝23.400-7.630＝15.770m
Measuring point pore water pressure P Measuring point ＝P c +h Height difference ×γ C
＝99880+7.63×10000＝176180Pa。
2016, 10, 15 days:
h height difference ＝P Difference (D) /(γ B -γ A )
＝15342/(10000-8000)＝7.671m
Measuring point elevation H Measuring point ＝23.335-7.671＝15.664m
Measuring point pore water pressure P Measuring point ＝P c +h Height difference ×γ C
＝97630+7.671×10000＝174340Pa。
Between 5 and 10 of 2016 and 15 of 2016 and 10 of 2016
The sedimentation amount is 15.770-15.664-0.106 m.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a soil deep layer subsides and pore water pressure measuring device which characterized in that: the pressure sensor comprises a water permeating head, a liquid pipe and a pressure sensor, wherein the water permeating head is located at a measuring point, the pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of a measuring end of the liquid pipe, the liquid pipe comprises a first liquid pipe and a second liquid pipe, the volume weight of liquid in the first liquid pipe is different from that of liquid in the second liquid pipe, the measuring point end of the first liquid pipe and the measuring point end of the second liquid pipe are both located in the water permeating head, the liquid pressure balance surface in the first liquid pipe and the liquid pressure balance surface in the second liquid pipe are both located at the same position with the measuring point, and the measuring end of the first liquid pipe and the measuring end of the second liquid pipe are respectively connected with the pressure sensor.
2. The device for measuring the soil body deep sedimentation and pore water pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pressure sensors are respectively a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor, the measuring end of the first liquid pipe is connected with the first pressure sensor, and the measuring end of the second liquid pipe is connected with the second pressure sensor.
3. The utility model provides a soil deep layer subsides and pore water pressure measuring device which characterized in that: comprises a water-permeable head positioned at a measuring point, a first liquid pipe and a second liquid pipe, a differential pressure sensor used for measuring the pressure difference between the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe and a pressure sensor used for measuring the pressure at the measuring end of the liquid pipe, the volume weight of the liquid in the first liquid pipe is different from that of the liquid in the second liquid pipe, the measuring point end of the first liquid pipe and the measuring point end of the second liquid pipe are both positioned in the water permeating head, the measuring end of the first liquid pipe and the measuring end of the second liquid pipe are respectively connected with the differential pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is connected with the measuring end of one of the first liquid pipe, the second liquid pipe and the additionally arranged third liquid pipe, and the liquid pressure balance surface in the first liquid pipe, the liquid pressure balance surface in the second liquid pipe and the liquid pressure balance surface in the third liquid pipe are positioned at the same position with the measuring point.
4. The device for measuring the soil body deep sedimentation and pore water pressure as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and the measuring point end of the third liquid pipe is positioned in the water permeating head.
5. A measuring method implemented by the soil mass deep settlement and pore water pressure measuring device of claim 1, characterized in that: the measuring method comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, arranging a water permeating head at a measuring point, and respectively connecting a measuring end of a first liquid pipe and a measuring end of a second liquid pipe with a pressure sensor;
2) the pressure sensors respectively read the pressure values P of the measuring ends of the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe A And P B ；
3) Calculating the elevation of the measuring point and the pore water pressure at the measuring point:
3.1) the following equation can be derived from the pressure balance principle at the measurement point:
P A +h height difference ×γ A ＝P B +h Height difference ×γ B ； (1)
In the formula of gamma A 、γ B The volume weight of the liquid in the first liquid pipe and the volume weight of the liquid in the second liquid pipe are respectively, and the unit is N/m 3 ；h Height difference The height difference between a measuring point and the pressure sensor is m; p A 、P B The unit is Pa;
the above formula can be converted into h Height difference ＝(P A -P B )/(γ B -γ A )； (2)
Let P be the pressure difference between the measuring end of the first liquid pipe and the measuring end of the second liquid pipe Difference (D) Then there are:
P difference (D) ＝P A -P B (3)
h Height difference ＝P Difference (D) /(γ B -γ A )； (4)
At known pressure sensor elevation H Sensor with a sensor element The elevation of the survey point can be calculated under the following conditions:
H measuring point ＝H Sensor with a sensor element -h Height difference ； (5)
Analysis H Measuring point The settlement condition of the measuring point can be known through the change of the numerical value;
3.2) the pore water pressure at the measuring point is as follows:
P measuring point ＝P A +h Height difference ×γ A Or P Measuring point ＝P B +h Height difference ×γ B ； (6)
In the formula, gamma A 、γ B Are respectively asThe volume weight of the liquid in the first liquid pipe and the volume weight of the liquid in the second liquid pipe are N/m 3 ；
P A 、P B Respectively measuring pressure values of a pressure sensor to a measuring end of the first liquid pipe and a measuring end of the second liquid pipe, wherein the unit is Pa; h is Height difference The height difference between the measuring point and the pressure sensor is m.
6. A measuring method implemented by the soil deep settlement and pore water pressure measuring apparatus as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the measuring method comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, arranging a water permeating head at a measuring point, respectively connecting a measuring end of a first liquid pipe and a measuring end of a second liquid pipe with a differential pressure sensor, and simultaneously connecting a pressure sensor with a measuring end of one of the first liquid pipe, the second liquid pipe and an additionally arranged third liquid pipe;
2) the differential pressure sensor reads the pressure difference P between the measuring end of the first liquid pipe and the measuring end of the second liquid pipe Difference (D) The pressure sensor reads the pressure P at the measuring end of one of the first liquid pipe, the second liquid pipe and the third liquid pipe c ；
3) Calculating the elevation of the measuring point and the pore water pressure at the measuring point:
3.1) the following equation can be derived from the pressure balance principle at the measurement point:
P difference (D) ＝h Height difference ×γ B -h Height difference ×γ A ； (7)
In the formula of gamma A 、γ B The volume weight of the liquid in the first liquid pipe and the volume weight of the liquid in the second liquid pipe are respectively, and the unit is N/m 3 ；h Height difference The height difference between a measuring point and the differential pressure sensor is m; p Difference (D) The unit is Pa;
the above formula can be converted into h Height difference ＝P Difference (D) /(γ B -γ A )； (4)
At a known differential pressure sensor elevation H Sensor with a sensor element The elevation of the survey point can be calculated under the following conditions:
H measuring point ＝H Sensor with a sensor element -h Height difference ； (5)
Analysis H Measuring point The settlement condition of the measuring point can be known through the change of the numerical value;
3.2) the pore water pressure at the measuring point is as follows:
P measuring point ＝P c +h Height difference ×γ C (8)
In the formula, gamma C Is the volume weight of the liquid in the liquid pipe connected with the pressure sensor and has the unit of N/m 3 ；P c Measured value of the pressure sensor is in Pa; h is Height difference The height difference between the measuring point and the differential pressure sensor is expressed in m.
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| JP2002340549A (en) * | 2001-05-18 | 2002-11-27 | Central Japan Railway Co | Settlement measuring device |
| CN205537607U (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-31 | 三峡大学 | Automatic settlement observation appearance |
| CN206479166U (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-09-08 | 杭州久智自动化技术有限公司 | A kind of soil body deep settlement and pore water pressure measurement device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2002340549A (en) * | 2001-05-18 | 2002-11-27 | Central Japan Railway Co | Settlement measuring device |
| CN205537607U (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-31 | 三峡大学 | Automatic settlement observation appearance |
| CN206479166U (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-09-08 | 杭州久智自动化技术有限公司 | A kind of soil body deep settlement and pore water pressure measurement device |
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