CN112985609B - THz passive radiation temperature measurement method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a THz passive radiation temperature measurement method, which comprises the steps of acquiring the installation deflection angle of a probe for collecting terahertz emitted by a measured high-temperature source, collecting the terahertz emitted by the measured high-temperature source, extracting a terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value according to the terahertz, according to the terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value, the installation deflection angle and the detection distance, obtaining an energy factor which is strongly related to the real temperature of the measured high-temperature source, obtaining a mapping function of the energy factor and the temperature, and the temperature value of the measured high-temperature source is calculated according to the mapping function, the technical problem that the existing non-contact temperature measuring method has low detection precision on the temperature of a high-temperature object in a complicated and severe environment is solved, the characteristic of strong penetrability of terahertz waves is ingeniously utilized, can receive terahertz signals in a complex environment, so as to accurately measure the temperature of a measured high-temperature source, meanwhile, the temperature measurement device has the non-contact characteristic, and has important significance for temperature measurement in a complex environment of a high-temperature object.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of temperature measurement, in particular to a THz (TeraHertz TeraHertz) passive radiation temperature measurement method.
Background
Terahertz waves are electromagnetic waves with wavelengths between those of microwaves and infrared. Generally, the terahertz wavelength is between 0.1 and 10 THz. Terahertz waves have many unique advantages, and in the aspect of imaging, the terahertz waves can penetrate through specific materials and directly observe information in an object; on communication, it can obtain an infinite transmission speed of 10 GB/s; on radiation, the enormous energy it carries can instantaneously boil water. Due to the characteristics, the terahertz has a huge application prospect in biomedical treatment, security detection and information communication. At present, a terahertz spectrum system is commonly used for processing terahertz waves, and is coherent detection, wherein amplitude and information of terahertz pulses are obtained, and information such as energy intensity of a terahertz emission source can be obtained by performing Fourier transform on time waveforms. The terahertz waves are continuously radiated to an object in a high-temperature state, the real temperature of the object to be detected can be reflected by collecting the terahertz waves and analyzing the energy intensity, and the terahertz waves have a penetration effect on a plurality of materials, so that a theoretical basis is provided for terahertz detection of the temperature of the high-temperature object in a complex environment.
For measuring the temperature of a high-temperature object, two modes, namely a contact mode and a non-contact mode, exist. Are explained one by one as follows:
contact temperature measurement: the common contact type temperature measurement mode of high-temperature objects is thermocouple temperature measurement, which generates electromotive force in a loop through conductors or semiconductors at two ends of equipment due to different temperatures, and measures and analyzes the electromotive force to obtain the temperature of a measured object. The detection method can accurately detect the temperature of the measured object, but because the detection needs to be in direct contact with the measured object, the damage to the thermocouple is permanent, the thermocouple temperature measurement is disposable, and the temperature of a continuous section cannot be measured.
Non-contact temperature measurement: common non-contact methods include infrared temperature measurement, colorimetric temperature measurement and the like. The temperature measuring principle of the infrared thermometer is that the radiation energy of infrared rays emitted by an object is converted into an electric signal, the magnitude of the infrared radiation energy corresponds to the temperature of the object, and the temperature of the object can be determined according to the magnitude of the converted electric signal. Although the infrared temperature measuring device can monitor the temperature of a high-temperature object in real time and save labor, the view field of the probe is often seriously blocked by dust, smoke and steam or even completely blocked due to the influence of various factors such as humidity, stemming quality, natural wind and the like. This harsh environment creates significant, non-removable interference with existing infrared thermometers, making it impossible to accurately obtain real-time temperature data.
Patent publication No. CN101545808A invention patent is a crack temperature infrared radiation measuring system for molten iron fluid. The temperature measurement mode is a non-contact colorimetric infrared radiation thermometer. The main working principle is that the temperature of the measured object is determined by measuring the energy of adjacent wave bands in the infrared radiation of the measured object, so that the temperature measuring device is slightly influenced by the surface emissivity of an object, has good capabilities of resisting dust, smoke, water vapor and the like to a certain extent, and has obvious superiority compared with a monochromatic temperature measuring device. But when the space is full of smoke and the propagation of two comparative infrared lights is seriously affected, the measured data is processed into low-temperature invalid data.
Patent publication No. CN203320040U utility model patent is a novel temperature measuring of blast furnace smelting molten iron device. The laser thermometer provided with the back-blowing cooling device can be inserted into flowing molten iron through prefabricating empty pipes made of high-temperature-resistant and scouring-resistant materials, and the internal temperature of the molten iron can be directly measured. The device belongs to contact type temperature measurement, and the measurement mode of directly contacting the device with an object to be measured is influenced by the service life and only meets the requirement of accurate measurement within a period of time. Firstly, if the device is only used for replacing a thermocouple, the problems caused by the traditional temperature measurement, such as labor problems of technicians, real-time detection of molten iron temperature data and the like, cannot be solved. Secondly, if the device is installed in a very severe high-temperature environment such as a taphole, a problem that how to transmit data to a rear-end processing device is very difficult to solve is a series of problems such as a long-distance high-temperature resistant transmission line needs to be erected or cooling processing of a plurality of transmission devices needs to be carried out. Most importantly, if the temperature measuring equipment is damaged at the taphole, the data is abnormal, and the measuring device cannot be overhauled and replaced in time under the condition of the just-produced molten iron in the blast furnace, so that the normal production is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The THz passive radiation temperature measurement method provided by the invention solves the technical problem that the existing non-contact temperature measurement method has low detection precision on the temperature of a high-temperature object in a complicated and severe environment.
In order to solve the technical problem, the THz passive radiation temperature measuring method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
acquiring an installation deflection angle of a probe used for collecting terahertz emitted by a measured high-temperature source;
collecting terahertz emitted by a measured high-temperature source, and extracting a terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value according to the terahertz;
according to the terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value, the installation deflection angle and the detection distance, obtaining an energy factor strongly related to the true temperature of the detected high-temperature source, wherein the detection distance is the detection distance between the probe and the detected high-temperature source;
and obtaining a mapping function of the energy factor and the temperature according to the energy factor, and calculating the temperature value of the measured high-temperature source according to the mapping function.
Further, acquiring the installation deflection angle of the probe for collecting terahertz emitted by the measured high-temperature source comprises the following steps:
acquiring a real distance between a probe for collecting terahertz emitted by a measured high-temperature source and the measured high-temperature source;
acquiring the detection distance between the probe and the detected high-temperature source by adopting an infrared distance measuring device;
and calculating the installation deflection angle of the probe according to the real distance and the detection distance, wherein the calculation formula of the installation deflection angle specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein,
representing the mounting declination angle, HRRepresenting the true distance between the probe and the measured high temperature source, HLRepresenting the detected distance obtained using an infrared distance measuring device.
Further, collecting terahertz emitted by the measured high-temperature source, and extracting a terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value according to the terahertz comprises the following steps:
collecting terahertz emitted by a measured high-temperature source, and converting the terahertz into an electric signal;
converting the electrical signal into a frequency domain signal;
and extracting the terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value according to the frequency domain signal.
Further, after converting the terahertz into the electrical signal, before converting the electrical signal into the frequency domain signal, the method further includes:
amplifying the electrical signal;
and filtering the amplified electric signal.
Further, according to the terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value, the installation deflection angle and the detection distance, obtaining an energy factor strongly related to the true temperature of the measured high-temperature source comprises:
obtaining a basic energy factor according to the first nine characteristic peak values of the terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value;
obtaining an energy operator according to the installation deflection angle and the detection distance;
and calculating according to the basic energy factor and the energy operator to obtain the energy factor.
Further, the calculation formula for obtaining the energy factor according to the basic energy factor and the energy operator is as follows:
wherein E (t) represents an energy factor, Et(t) represents a basic energy factor, and
E1(t)～E9(t) respectively represent the first nine characteristic peaks of the terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak,
represents an energy operator, an
HLWhich represents the distance of detection of the object,
representing the setting declination.
Further, obtaining a mapping function of the energy factor and the temperature according to the energy factor includes:
establishing a prior database by using a black body as a temperature source, and drawing an energy factor-temperature curve;
and fitting to obtain a mapping function of the energy factor and the temperature according to the energy factor-temperature curve.
Further, the step of outputting the measured high temperature source temperature value is included after the measured high temperature source temperature value is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the THz passive radiation temperature measurement method provided by the invention acquires the terahertz emitted by the measured high-temperature source by acquiring the installation deflection angle of the probe for acquiring the terahertz emitted by the measured high-temperature source, extracts the characteristic peak value of the terahertz frequency domain according to the terahertz, acquires the energy factor strongly related to the real temperature of the measured high-temperature source according to the characteristic peak value of the terahertz frequency domain, the installation deflection angle and the detection distance, acquires the detection distance which is the detection distance between the probe and the measured high-temperature source and the mapping function of the energy factor and the temperature according to the energy factor, calculates the temperature value of the measured high-temperature source according to the mapping function, solves the technical problem that the existing non-contact temperature measurement method has low detection precision on the temperature of a high-temperature object under a complicated and severe environment, skillfully utilizes the characteristic of strong terahertz wave penetrability, can also receive terahertz signals under the complicated environment, thereby accurately measuring the temperature of the measured high-temperature source, meanwhile, the temperature measurement device has the non-contact characteristic, and has important significance for temperature measurement in a complex environment of a high-temperature object.
The invention aims to introduce a novel temperature measurement mode, wherein a terahertz energy signal detected by a measuring device is processed and converted into an electric signal for quantitative description.
The invention aims to reduce the measurement temperature error of a general non-contact device caused by the detection distance and the detection angle.
The invention aims to reduce the error of the temperature measurement result caused by a shelter in the environment.
The invention aims to provide a set of non-contact temperature measuring equipment, which solves the problems that contact equipment is easy to damage and cannot measure temperature continuously.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a THz passive radiation temperature measurement method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a temperature measurement flow of a THz passive radiation temperature measurement method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a general schematic diagram of the modules required for implementing the THz passive radiation temperature measurement method according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle that terahertz energy is obtained by using a terahertz detection device and converted into an electrical signal for processing in the second embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
u1, a temperature measurement distance capture module based on laser ranging; u2, a high-resolution imaging-based equipment mounting declination detection module; u3, high-temperature object energy detection module based on terahertz energy; u4, a temperature measurement module based on a multi-source fusion algorithm; 101. a measured high temperature source; 102. an optical aperture; 103. a chopper; 104. a mirror plate; 105. a processor; 106. a phase-locked amplifier; 107. a low noise amplifier; 108. a light source detector.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, a THz passive radiation temperature measurement method provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:
step S101, acquiring an installation deflection angle of a probe for collecting terahertz emitted by a measured high-temperature source;
step S102, collecting terahertz emitted by a measured high-temperature source, and extracting a terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value according to the terahertz;
step S103, obtaining an energy factor strongly related to the true temperature of the measured high-temperature source according to the terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value, the installation deflection angle and the detection distance, wherein the detection distance is the detection distance between the probe and the measured high-temperature source;
and step S104, obtaining a mapping function of the energy factor and the temperature according to the energy factor, and calculating the temperature value of the measured high-temperature source according to the mapping function.
The THz passive radiation temperature measurement method provided by the invention acquires the installation deflection angle of the probe for collecting the terahertz emitted by the measured high-temperature source, collects the terahertz emitted by the measured high-temperature source, extracts the characteristic peak value of the terahertz frequency domain according to the terahertz, obtains the energy factor which is strongly related to the real temperature of the measured high-temperature source according to the characteristic peak value of the terahertz frequency domain, the installation deflection angle and the detection distance, obtains the mapping function of the energy factor and the temperature according to the detection distance between the probe and the measured high-temperature source and the energy factor, calculates the temperature value of the measured high-temperature source according to the mapping function, solves the technical problem that the existing non-contact temperature measurement method has low detection precision on the temperature of a high-temperature object under a complicated and severe environment, skillfully utilizes the characteristic of strong penetrability of terahertz waves, can also receive terahertz signals under the complicated environment, thereby accurately measuring the temperature of the measured high-temperature source, meanwhile, the temperature measurement device has the non-contact characteristic, and has important significance for temperature measurement in a complex environment of a high-temperature object.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, in order to provide non-contact high-temperature object temperature detection with high measurement accuracy, an embodiment of the present invention provides a THz passive radiation temperature measurement method, including:
step S201: when the measured high temperature source 101 works normally, the detection probe vertically shoots the measured object (namely the measured high temperature source 101), and the distance H from the measured object to the probe is recordedR。
Step S202: intercepting visible light waveband spectrum by using an optical filter, imaging, finely correcting the position of the probe according to the visible light image, and recording the installation deflection angle
Simultaneously, the distance H is recorded according to the infrared distance measuring moduleL。
Step S203: measuring and recording terahertz time-domain spectrum omega emitted by measured object by using probeT(t)。
Step S204: analyzing and processing terahertz time-domain spectrum omegaT(t) converting the terahertz time-domain spectrum omegaT(t) Fourier transform in the effective frequency domain to obtain the frequency domain spectrum F reflected at the working temperatureT(t)。
Step S205: and calculating to obtain an energy factor strongly related to the real temperature of the measured object by using a multi-source fusion algorithm. The specific method is to extract a frequency domain spectrum FT(t) the first 9 terms with the largest characteristic peak as the basic energy factor
Distance of use HRAngle of and
determining an energy operator
Calculating an energy factor
Step S206: the method comprises the steps of using a black body as a temperature source, using a terahertz energy probe to obtain an energy factor, recording the energy factor obtained by calculating a basic energy source factor, a distance and an angle under different black body temperatures and the temperature of a measured object to obtain an energy factor-temperature relation curve, fitting a functional relation T (f) (E) of the energy factor and the temperature to be used as a temperature measuring functional relation, and using the functional relation T as a prior database.
Step S207: the method comprises the steps of changing a measured object into an actual high-temperature object, obtaining an energy factor by using a terahertz energy probe, and achieving the purpose of rapidly and non-contactingly detecting the temperature of the high-temperature object according to a functional relation T ═ f (E).
To implement the above 7 steps, the embodiment of the present invention includes the following four modules. As shown in fig. 3, respectively:
1. temperature measurement distance capture module U1 based on laser rangefinder
According to the electromagnetic radiation principle, the longer the distance of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the visible range, the lower the energy of the electromagnetic wave carried in the unit space in the electromagnetic wave carried by the electromagnetic wave. In other words, the distance between the temperature detection device and the measured object will affect the final temperature measurement accuracy. Therefore, aiming at the problem, the detection equipment is added with a laser temperature measurement module to record the distance H between the measured object and the measurement equipmentLAnd the value is taken as a parameter and is transmitted to a temperature measurement module U4 based on a multi-source fusion algorithm, and the temperature is corrected.
2. High-resolution imaging-based equipment installation declination detection module U2
In many cases, the measurement accuracy of the detection apparatus is strongly correlated with the position angle and the like at the time of installation. For terahertz waves, due to the optical characteristics of the waves, energy reception is performed right against a high-temperature object and a certain included angle is reserved for receiving terahertz energy, and the received energy is greatly different under the condition that other conditions are not changed. In order to reduce errors in measurement, vertical measurement should be used in practice, considering that the measurement device is used in laboratory calibration and is directed toward the object to be measured.
Most of the existing detection devices rely on installation personnel to ensure the reduction of installation errors when the problems are considered, and the traditional mode relying on manual work has great randomness. In order to solve the problem, the present embodiment introduces a high-resolution visible light measurement angle correction module. The specific working mode is as follows:
(1) opening the measuring equipment, displaying the measured object shot at present on the equipment display interface, and moving the equipment to enable the measured object to appear in the center of the display interface;
(2) determining the position in the step (1), and installing the temperature measuring equipment at the position approximately by manpower;
(3) recording the true distance H from the measured object to the temperature measuring equipmentRAnd input into the system;
(4) the measurement object obtains the true distance HRDistance H detected by laser ranging module in equipmentLCalculating the installation declination angle according to the formula according to the two distances
(5) Will be installed with a deviation angle
The temperature is input into a temperature measurement module U4 based on a multi-source fusion algorithm, and the temperature is corrected.
3. Terahertz energy-based high-temperature object energy detection module U3
For an object in a high temperature state, terahertz waves are continuously radiated. The object with higher temperature has higher radiation energy intensity from the terahertz waves, and the real temperature of the object to be measured can be reflected by collecting and analyzing the energy intensity of the terahertz waves. The principle of the terahertz energy intensity detection module is shown in fig. 4, electromagnetic waves emitted by a high-temperature source are transmitted on a chopper 103 through an optical aperture 102, the chopper 103 mainly functions to filter terahertz waves with the wavelength of 0.1-10THz, and the terahertz waves are transmitted to a light source detector 108 through a reflection lens 104, so that optical signals of the terahertz waves are converted into electric signals. These electrical signals are amplified and purified by the low noise amplifier 107 and the lock-in amplifier 106, and finally sent to other modules in the processor 105 for data analysis and processing.
4. Temperature measurement module U4 based on multi-source fusion algorithm
Since the wave is transmitted in all directions, the area covered by the wave is rapidly increased along with the increase of the distance and is proportional to the cube of the distance, the total energy of the electromagnetic wave is not changed, so that the energy density per unit area is smaller and is inversely proportional to the cube of the distance, and the received energy is related to the distance and the shooting angle. Through experiments, the embodiment introduces a terahertz energy factor concept, referred to as energy factor for short, which is specifically expressed as:
wherein Et(t) represents a terahertz frequency domain spectrum FT(t) the first 9 terms with the largest characteristic peak value are reconstructed into the basic energy source factor expressed as
E1(t)～E9(t) represents the peak coefficient of the first 9 terms with the largest characteristic peak.
For detecting distance H by using laser moduleLDetecting angle with visible light module
A constructed energy operator. The energy factor is fused with multi-bit information such as a terahertz frequency spectrum peak value, a detection distance, a measurement angle and the like, has positive correlation with the actual temperature of a measured object, and is blackAnd (3) carrying out experiments, establishing a prior database, drawing an energy factor-temperature curve and fitting to obtain a function relation of T ═ f (E). For the third-party measured object, the temperature of the object can be detected quickly and in real time through the functional relation.
The THz passive radiation temperature measurement method provided by the invention acquires the installation deflection angle of the probe for collecting the terahertz emitted by the measured high-temperature source, collects the terahertz emitted by the measured high-temperature source, extracts the characteristic peak value of the terahertz frequency domain according to the terahertz, obtains the energy factor which is strongly related to the real temperature of the measured high-temperature source according to the characteristic peak value of the terahertz frequency domain, the installation deflection angle and the detection distance, obtains the mapping function of the energy factor and the temperature according to the detection distance between the probe and the measured high-temperature source and the energy factor, calculates the temperature value of the measured high-temperature source according to the mapping function, solves the technical problem that the existing non-contact temperature measurement method has low detection precision on the temperature of a high-temperature object under a complicated and severe environment, skillfully utilizes the characteristic of strong penetrability of terahertz waves, can also receive terahertz signals under the complicated environment, thereby accurately measuring the temperature of the measured high-temperature source, meanwhile, the temperature measurement device has the non-contact characteristic, and has important significance for temperature measurement in a complex environment of a high-temperature object.
In addition, the embodiment realizes the temperature detection of the detected high-temperature source through the collected terahertz emitted by the detected high-temperature source, can reduce the error of the temperature measurement result caused by the shielding object in the environment by means of the penetrating characteristic of the terahertz, and the embodiment fits the obtained mapping function of the energy factor and the temperature, fully considers the factors of the installation position, the installation deflection angle and the like of the temperature measurement device, can reduce the temperature measurement error of the non-contact equipment caused by the detection distance and the detection angle, and further improves the temperature detection precision of the detected high-temperature source.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method of THz passive radiation thermometry, the method comprising:
acquiring an installation deflection angle of a probe used for acquiring terahertz emitted by a measured high-temperature source, wherein the acquisition of the installation deflection angle of the probe used for acquiring the terahertz emitted by the measured high-temperature source comprises the following steps:
acquiring a real distance between a probe for collecting terahertz emitted by a measured high-temperature source and the measured high-temperature source;
acquiring the detection distance between the probe and the detected high-temperature source by adopting an infrared distance measuring device;
and calculating the installation deflection angle of the probe according to the real distance and the detection distance, wherein the calculation formula of the installation deflection angle specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein,
representing the mounting declination angle, HRRepresenting the true distance between the probe and the measured high temperature source, HLRepresenting the detection distance obtained by the infrared distance measuring device;
collecting terahertz emitted by a measured high-temperature source, and extracting a terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value according to the terahertz, wherein the collecting the terahertz emitted by the measured high-temperature source, and the extracting the terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value according to the terahertz comprises the following steps:
collecting terahertz emitted by a measured high-temperature source, and converting the terahertz into an electric signal;
converting the electrical signal into a frequency domain signal;
extracting a terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value according to the frequency domain signal;
according to the terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value, the installation deflection angle and the detection distance, obtaining an energy factor strongly related to the true temperature of the measured high-temperature source, wherein the detection distance is the detection distance between the probe and the measured high-temperature source, and the obtaining of the energy factor strongly related to the true temperature of the measured high-temperature source according to the terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak value, the installation deflection angle and the detection distance comprises the following steps:
obtaining a basic energy factor according to the first nine characteristic peaks of the terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak;
obtaining an energy operator according to the installation declination and the detection distance;
and calculating to obtain an energy factor according to the basic energy factor and the energy operator, wherein a calculation formula of the energy factor obtained by calculation according to the basic energy factor and the energy operator is as follows:
wherein E (t) represents an energy factor, Et(t) represents a basic energy factor, and
E1(t)～E9(t) respectively represent the first nine characteristic peaks of the terahertz frequency domain characteristic peak,
represents an energy operator, an
HLWhich represents the distance of detection of the object,
representing an installation declination;
and obtaining a mapping function of the energy factor and the temperature according to the energy factor, and calculating the temperature value of the measured high-temperature source according to the mapping function.
2. The THz passive radiation thermometry method of claim 1, wherein after converting the terahertz to an electrical signal, before converting the electrical signal to a frequency domain signal, further comprising:
amplifying the electrical signal;
and filtering the amplified electric signal.
3. The THz passive radiation thermometry method of claim 2, wherein obtaining, from the energy factor, a mapping function of energy factor to temperature comprises:
establishing a prior database by using a black body as a temperature source, and drawing an energy factor-temperature curve;
and fitting to obtain a mapping function of the energy factor and the temperature according to the energy factor-temperature curve.
4. The THz passive radiation thermometry method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the measured high temperature source temperature value further comprises outputting the measured high temperature source temperature value.
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