CN104864979B - A kind of modification method of distributed Raman fiber temp measuring system measurement error - Google Patents
A kind of modification method of distributed Raman fiber temp measuring system measurement error Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the modification method of a kind of distributed Raman fiber temp measuring system measurement error: the first step: determine Stokes signal and Anti-Stokes signal order point quantity and signal intensity；Second step: Stokes signal and Anti-Stokes signal order point position are done the normalized for fiber lengths；3rd step: the Anti-Stokes signal intensity after signal location normalization is used interpolation algorithm, it is thus achieved that with the Anti-Stokes signal intensity at Stokes signal same position.The inventive method realizes simple, and method uses subsection curve fitting algorithm to be modified Anti-Stokes signal, it is possible to error dispersion is completely eliminated, substantially increases measuring accuracy.Obtain preferable result；For the distributed temperature measuring system of distance, the advantage of the method is the most prominent, has important value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical fiber temperature-measurement, particularly to the correction side of a kind of distributed Raman fiber temp measuring system measurement error
Method.
Background technology
Distributed optical fiber temperature sensor (Distributed fiber Temperature Sensor, DTS) is near
Two, 30 years that grow up, utilize the spontaneous Raman scattering effect in optical fiber to combine optical time domain reflection technology (Optical
Time Domain Reflectometry, OTDR) realize can be used for the one of measurement space thermo parameters method distributed, real-time
Plant New Sensing Technology.This technology utilize ordinary optic fibre as sensitive media and transmission medium, have electric insulation, anti-electromagnetism do
Disturb, essential safety, corrosion-resistant, volume is little, lightweight, can the feature such as flexing.Telemeasurement and monitoring can be realized, there is measurement
Wide ranges, spatial resolution and certainty of measurement relatively advantages of higher, can be widely applied to oil-gas pipeline, power cable, spacecraft knot
The temperature monitoring in the fields such as structure health, chemical metallurgy, subway tunnel, heavy construction.
The temperature-measuring system of distributed fibers being currently based on Raman scattering mainly uses anti-Stokes light (Anti-Stokes)
With the intensity rate of stokes light (Stokes), temperature is demodulated.Owing to the wavelength of two kinds of scattered lights is different, according to light
Fine effect of dispersion, they spread speeds in a fiber there are differences.So, from the back scattered anti-Stokes light of same position
The time arriving photodetector with stokes light is different so that the two paths of signals that capture card receives is not from phase
Same position.This signal cross_placing phenomenon will cause measurement error, and in particular with the extension of sensor fibre, error also can be tired out
Long-pending change is big, ultimately results in thermometric or mistake occurs in location.
Traditional solution is to take to add the coupling optical fiber of different length so that Stokes and Anti-Stokes light
Paths keeps consistent, to eliminate the site error caused because two-way ray velocity is different.
Data at a certain concrete length can only be compensated by the method, and this two paths of signals caused due to dispersion
Time difference exists everywhere, has certain limitation in this way.And operate more complicated, it is difficult to accurately compensate length
Degree difference.
" eliminate distributed Raman temp measuring system wavelength dispersion reviews one's lessons by oneself pros to the Chinese patent of publication number: 103017934B
Method " disclose a kind of modification method solving coupling optical fiber: the method reaches two-way letter by the way of calculating, compare, accepting or rejecting
Number a scattering making peace correspondence be closely located to, but can not reach to be completely eliminated the dispersion impact on measuring.Ideally,
Still there is ± the site error of 0.5m.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at providing the modification method of a kind of distributed Raman fiber temp measuring system measurement error.It is a kind of
The signal cross_placing problem solved, by the method for interpolation, the signal received owing to fibre-optical dispersion causes improves DTS certainty of measurement
Method, can be completely eliminated signal cross_placing, substantially increase measuring accuracy.
To achieve these goals, the solution of the present invention is: a kind of distributed Raman fiber temp measuring system measurement error
Modification method: include stokes light and the anti-Stokes light order point signal synchronizing to obtain same fiber lengths, hold in the palm with this
Ke Si light as reference light, utilizes anti-Stokes light to demodulate temperature information with the ratio of Stokes light intensity, described in repair
Correction method is:
The first step: determine Stokes signal and Anti-Stokes signal order point quantity and signal intensity；
Second step: Stokes signal and Anti-Stokes signal order point position are done the normalization for fiber lengths
Process；
3rd step: the Anti-Stokes signal intensity after signal location normalization is used interpolation algorithm, it is thus achieved that hold in the palm with this
Gram Anti-Stokes signal intensity that this signal location exists together mutually.
Scheme is further: described normalized is: set fiber lengths as 1, Stokes signal and anti-stoke
This signal normalization position be respectively 1/Ns, 2/Ns, 3/Ns ..., 1 and 1/Nas, 2/Nas, 3/Nas ..., 1, wherein Ns is
Stokes signal quantity, Nas is Anti-Stokes signal quantity.
Scheme is further: described interpolation algorithm is subsection curve fitting algorithm.
The advantage of patent of the present invention is, the method realizes simple, and method uses subsection curve fitting algorithm pair
Anti-Stokes signal is modified, it is possible to error dispersion is completely eliminated, and substantially increases measuring accuracy.Obtain preferably
Measurement result；For the distributed temperature measuring system of distance, the advantage of the method is the most prominent, has important value.
With embodiment, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the inventive method schematic flow sheet；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention tests system schematic；
Fig. 3 is two kinds of signal measurement position views before interpolation；
Fig. 4 is two kinds of signal measurement position views after interpolation；
Fig. 5 is end, the two kinds of signal measurement positions error schematic diagram after interpolation；
Fig. 6 is the actual measurement pattern comparison diagram before and after interpolation.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1: the modification method of a kind of distributed Raman fiber temp measuring system measurement error: include synchronizing acquisition same
The stokes light order point signal of one fiber lengths and anti-Stokes light order point signal, signal is to contain Stokes
Number of signals is Ns, and signal intensity is Vs (n), n=1,2,3..., Ns signal, and Anti-Stokes signal quantity is Nas, signal
Intensity is Vas (n), n=1,2,3..., Nas signal；With stokes light as reference light, utilize anti-Stokes light and this
The ratio of lentor light intensity demodulates temperature information, and wherein, described modification method is:
The first step: determine Stokes signal and Anti-Stokes signal order point quantity and signal intensity；
Second step: Stokes signal and Anti-Stokes signal order point position are done the normalization for fiber lengths
Process；
3rd step: use interpolation algorithm to obtain and this anti-Stokes strength signal intensity after signal location normalization
The Anti-Stokes signal intensity that lentor signal location exists together mutually.
In embodiment: described normalized is: set fiber lengths as 1, Stokes signal and anti-Stokes letter
Number order point normalization position be respectively 1/Ns, 2/Ns, 3/Ns ..., 1 and 1/Nas, 2/Nas, 3/Nas ..., 1, wherein Ns
For Stokes signal quantity, Nas is Anti-Stokes signal quantity.
In embodiment: described interpolation algorithm can carry out multiple choices according to existing knowledge, and a method for optimizing is segmentation
Cubic Hamiltonian symmetrical systems algorithm.
In order to described embodiment is promoted mutual understanding, do following further illustrating.
As in figure 2 it is shown, temperature-measuring system of distributed fibers is broadly divided into three parts: light path 1, circuit 2 and signal processing 3.
Wherein light path part includes: light source, light wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), demarcation optical fiber, temperature-measuring optical fiber, APD photodetector；Circuit
Part includes: multistage amplifier circuit, capture card, platinum resistance temperature measurement circuit；Signal processing includes: upper as industrial computer
Machine, control software, location thermometric algorithm etc..
The pulsed light sent by light source, in wavelength division multiplexer enters sensor fibre, produces on sensor fibre various point locations
Raw spontaneous Raman scattering (carrying temperature information), wherein spontaneous Raman scattering light (stokes light and this torr anti-of reverse transfers
Ke Si light) again pass by wavelength division multiplexer and be coupled into APD photoelectric conversion module, become the signal of telecommunication through opto-electronic conversion, then pass through
Multistage, low gain, low noise amplifier circuit after amplifying collected cumulative card gather and carry out pretreatment, finally carry temperature information
Signal sent into industrial computer by capture card.Meanwhile, the temperature information demarcating optical fiber that platinum resistance temperature measurement circuit measurement obtains is also fed into
Industrial computer.Two groups of temperature informations, by thermometric running software algorithm routine, are treated testing temperature information and are demodulated and are plotted in aobvious
In display screen.
In distributed optical fiber temperature measurement embodiment system, the performance parameter of each Primary Component is as shown in the table.
Raman signal gathers and temperature-measuring results: utilizes the above embodiments system to be acquired Raman scattering signal and divides
Analysis.A length of 1 kilometer of the temperature-measuring optical fiber that in embodiment, we use, is placed under room temperature environment.By temperature-measuring optical fiber tail end 995 m ~
One section of optical fiber of 999 m turns to the fiber optic loop of diameter 20 cm, puts into 40 DEG C of temperature chambers, and the remaining 1 m optical fiber of tail end is placed in
In air, then carry out being distributed thermometric.
Distributed optical fiber temperature measurement principle based on Raman scattering
(a) Raman scattering temperature-measurement principle
According to quantum theory, photon and the interaction of molecules in medium, there is inelastic collision, produce energy exchange,
The direction of motion and the frequency of photon change simultaneously, and this process is referred to as Raman scattering effect.Raman scattering is divided into stoke
This scattering and anti-Stokes scattering, the two process can be expressed as
(1)
(2)
Wherein,WithIt is respectively Stokes light frequency and anti-Stokes light frequency,For incident light frequency,
For Raman translational movement, its value is relevant with material, for silica fibre,Generally 13.2 THz.
When incident pulse is transmitted in a fiber,There is spontaneous Raman scattering, the stokes light transmitted dorsad in place
Light intensity when returning incidence end with anti-Stokes light is represented by
(3)
(4)
Wherein,For incident pulse light intensity,、、It is respectively incident illumination, stokes light and anti-Stokes light
Attenuation quotient when transmitting in a fiber,For optical fiber occurs the position of spontaneous Raman scattering,、It is respectively and optical fiber
The coefficient that molecule low-lying level is relevant with the cloth inning on high level, relevant with the temperature at optical fiber local, its expression formula is respectively
(5)
(6)
Wherein,For Planck's constant,For Boltzmann constant,For absolute temperature.
Work as incident intensity, fiber attenuation coefficient、、And detecting locationOne timing, at optical fiber input
The Backward spontaneous Raman scattering light intensity that detects of end only with detecting location at temperatureRelevant.Extract formula (5) and formula
(6) temperature term in is done the Taylor series expansion under room temperature condition and be can get
(7)
(8)
From formula (7) and formula (8), anti-Stokes light at room temperature temperature control reaches 0.8%, and this holds in the palm
Ke Si light is the most insensitive to temperature, and therefore anti-Stokes light carries temperature information, can be by detection anti-Stokes light intensity
Degree change obtains the temperature of certain point in optical fiber, here it is the principle of Raman scattering thermometric.
Although anti-Stokes just carries the flashlight of temperature information in DTS system, but when reality is measured, one
As use stokes light as reference light, utilize anti-Stokes light to demodulate temperature letter with the ratio of Stokes light intensity
Breath, so can eliminate light source and temperature-measuring optical fiber changes the impact brought, and strengthens stability and the reliability of system.
(b) optical time domain reflection principle
When incident laser pulse transmits in a fiber, the rear orientation light along the generation of optical fiber each point can pass back to optical fiber and enter
Penetrate end.Assume that pulse from the total time being issued to return is, then optical fiber occurs the position of scattering and the distance of laser light incident end
It is represented by
(9)
WhereinBeing the speed propagated in a fiber of pulse, its expression formula is
(10)
WhereinIt is the light velocity in vacuum, for,It is the refractive index of optical fiber, relevant to optical wavelength.
It follows that heliogram the most in the same time and the position one_to_one corresponding that scattering occurs.Optical time domain reflection technology is just
It is the time returning incidence end by measuring light pulse to determine that it occurs the position of scattering, thus realizes distributed measurement.
Raman scattering analysis of measurement errors
When utilizing Raman back scattering light projection point for measuring temperature, people usually assume that anti-Stokes light and stokes light
Spread speed identical, photodetector can be arrived simultaneously, and collected card receives.It practice, due to two kinds of scattered lights
Wavelength is different, and they spread speeds in a fiber are also discrepant.For the laser pulse that incident wavelength is 1550 nm,
Anti-Stokes optical wavelength 1450 nm in its Raman scattering, the refractive index in silica fibre is 1.4452, according to formula
(10), can obtain its spread speed in a fiber is.And from the stoke of same position scattering
A length of 1663 nm of this light wave, refractive index 1.4426, spread speed in a fiber is.Visible, this
The spread speed of lentor light is faster than anti-Stokes light, and the former will first arrive detector.
Fig. 3 illustrates two kinds of signal measurement positions before interpolation, and upper signal reaction is stokes light home position
4, the sequence number 1,2,3,4 under it....What Ns-1, Ns represented is signal sequence number, measures total Ns in optical fiber at one individual；Bottom
Signal reaction is anti-Stokes light home position 5, the sequence number 1,2,3,4 under it....What Nas-1, Nas represented is signal
Sequence number, measures total Nas in optical fiber at one individual；As can be seen from the figure anti-Stokes light home position and stokes light
Home position order difference has △ L, 2 △ L, 3 △ L, 4 △ L...., for two paths of signals, sampled point is all equally distributed, and
The length of optical fiber is fixing, it can be assumed that optical fiber total length is 1, then the home position of stokes light can be expressed as 1/
Ns, 2/Ns, 3/Ns ..., 1, the home position of anti-Stokes light is represented by 1/Nas, 2/Nas, 3/Nas ..., 1.Actual
Measurement in, as shown in Figure 4, when optical fiber tail-end returns last stokes light (sequence number Ns), anti-Stokes light is the most not
Arriving optical fiber tail-end, so can also continue to collect anti-Stokes optical signal, its position finally differed is Ns △ L, this
Part is the most invalid.
Therefore, the signal intensity of the active position returned for Nas the anti-Stokes light of Fig. 3 carries out corresponding identical bits
The active position signal intensity that the stokes light put returns carries out subsection curve fitting, interpolation shown in its result Fig. 5
After two paths of signals scattering position identical, in figure 1 ', 2 ', 3 ', the 4 ' of anti-Stokes side....Ns-1 ', Ns ' and Stokes
The 1 of side, 2,3,4....Ns-1, Ns position is identical, and signal cross_placing phenomenon can be eliminated.Fig. 6 gives and believes anti-Stokes
Actual waveform after number interpolation is as a result, it is possible to the reflection peak of Anti-Stokes signal and Stokes signal tail end after seeing interpolation
Position consistency, the shape of signal is not the most distorted.
Claims (2)
1. the modification method of a distributed Raman fiber temp measuring system measurement error: include synchronizing to obtain same fiber lengths
Stokes light and anti-Stokes light order point signal, with stokes light as reference light, utilize anti-Stokes light with
The ratio of Stokes light intensity demodulates temperature information, it is characterised in that described modification method is:
The first step: determine Stokes signal and Anti-Stokes signal order point quantity and signal intensity；
Second step: Stokes signal and Anti-Stokes signal order point position are done at for the normalization of fiber lengths
Reason；
3rd step: the Anti-Stokes signal intensity after signal location normalization is used interpolation algorithm, it is thus achieved that with Stokes
The Anti-Stokes signal intensity that signal location exists together mutually, described normalized is: set fiber lengths as 1, Stokes
Signal and Anti-Stokes signal normalization position be respectively 1/Ns, 2/Ns, 3/Ns ..., 1 and 1/Nas, 2/Nas, 3/
Nas ..., 1, wherein Ns is Stokes signal quantity, and Nas is Anti-Stokes signal quantity.
Modification method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described interpolation algorithm is that three Hermite of segmentation insert
Value-based algorithm.
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| CN104792436B (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2017-09-08 | 青岛创立科技开发有限公司 | A kind of distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method |
| CN105371980A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-03-02 | 北京航天易联科技发展有限公司 | Cultural relic site temperature monitoring system and monitoring method |
| CN106404217B (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2018-09-25 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of temperature demodulation method based on distributed fiber Raman thermometric |
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| CN107860489B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-10-22 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of data optimization methods of distribution type fiber-optic temperature-sensitive alarm system |
| CN108680192B (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2021-03-26 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Geographical position correction method, system and storage medium for distributed optical fiber sensing system |
| CN110231106B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2020-10-09 | 安徽理工大学 | Temperature self-correction method for fitting attenuation difference of distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measurement system |
| CN111289142B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2021-02-05 | 太原理工大学 | Signal adaptive interference cancellation method for distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measurement system |
| CN111795759A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-10-20 | 许昌许继软件技术有限公司 | Method and system for dispersion correction of distributed Raman fiber temperature measurement system |
| CN112414586A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-02-26 | 许继集团有限公司 | Temperature error correction method and system of DTS optical fiber temperature measuring device |
| CN112729606B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-10-18 | 西安和其光电科技股份有限公司 | Distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method and system |
| CN112985609B (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2022-03-29 | 中南大学 | THz passive radiation temperature measurement method |
| CN113155309B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2023-06-06 | 电子科技大学 | Optical fiber dispersion compensation method in distributed optical fiber Raman temperature measurement system |
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| KR20120085415A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-08-01 | 엘에스전선 주식회사 | Method for measuring temperature using optical fiber |
| CN103017934A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-04-03 | 山东大学 | Self-correction method capable of eliminating wavelength dispersion of distributed Raman temperature measurement system |
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| CN102095524A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2011-06-15 | 北京航天时代光电科技有限公司 | Method for dynamically calibrating distributed optical fiber temperature sensor system |
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Denomination of invention: A correction method for measurement error of distributed Raman fiber temperature measurement system Effective date of registration: 20211012 Granted publication date: 20161116 Pledgee: Beijing Yizhuang International Financing Guarantee Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: BEIJING AEROSPACE YILIAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021990000950 |
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