CN112985069B - Multistage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace and sintering process thereof - Google Patents
Multistage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace and sintering process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112985069B CN112985069B CN202110384440.1A CN202110384440A CN112985069B CN 112985069 B CN112985069 B CN 112985069B CN 202110384440 A CN202110384440 A CN 202110384440A CN 112985069 B CN112985069 B CN 112985069B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B21/00—Open or uncovered sintering apparatus; Other heat-treatment apparatus of like construction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
Abstract
The invention discloses a multistage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace, which comprises: the device comprises a bell jar, a sintering cavity arranged in the bell jar and a plurality of quenching cavities arranged along the sintering cavity in a surrounding manner; the sintering cavity is divided into a plurality of sintering sub-cavities, and each sintering sub-cavity is circumferentially arranged; the sintering subchamber comprises: the device comprises a feeding door arranged at the top of each sintering sub-cavity, an operation platform arranged inside each sintering sub-cavity, a plurality of side doors communicated with adjacent sintering sub-cavities, and a discharging door arranged on the side surface of each sintering sub-cavity; the temperature in each sintering subcavity is the same or different; the adjacent operation platforms in the adjacent sintering sub-cavities are connected through a slide rail; the top of the bell is provided with a bell door corresponding to each feeding door; the quenching chamber includes: the device comprises a cavity door of a discharge door communicated with a bell jar and a sintering cavity, a transfer device arranged in the quenching cavity and used for transferring a sample on the operation platform to the quenching cavity, and a material taking door used for taking out the sample. According to the invention, the sample is continuously sintered for multiple times by the sintering furnace equipment, and multiple samples can be sintered simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sintering equipment, in particular to a multistage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace and a sintering process thereof.
Background
In the sintering furnace in the prior art, gas is generally introduced into a cavity, so that only processes such as heating, sintering, annealing and the like of a sample can be realized. Because the furnace body of the existing sintering furnace has the functions of heat preservation and heat storage, the temperature of the chamber of the furnace body is difficult to be quickly reduced, and the quenching process of the sample is difficult to realize. For the box-type sintering furnace, the heating element is arranged in the hearth, and when special gas is introduced into the cavity, the oxidation and the aging of the heating element can be accelerated, and the service life of the sintering furnace is shortened. The existing atmosphere furnace or sintering furnace is difficult to meet the requirements of the gas phase quenching process under the special atmosphere of the material. In addition, in the prior art, multiple continuous sintering of samples cannot be performed through one sintering furnace device, and simultaneous sintering of multiple samples cannot be realized through one sintering furnace device.
In view of the above, there is a need for an improved sintering furnace in the prior art to solve the problem in the prior art that multiple consecutive sintering of the same sample or simultaneous sintering of multiple samples cannot be performed by a single device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a multistage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace and a sintering process thereof, and aims to solve the problem that multiple times of continuous sintering of the same sample or simultaneous sintering of multiple samples cannot be carried out by single equipment in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a multi-stage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace comprising: the device comprises a bell jar, a sintering cavity and a plurality of quenching cavities, wherein the sintering cavity is arranged in the bell jar, and the plurality of quenching cavities are arranged along the sintering cavity in a surrounding manner;
the sintering cavity is divided into a plurality of sintering sub-cavities, and each sintering sub-cavity is circumferentially arranged; the sintering subchamber comprises: the device comprises a feeding door arranged at the top of the sintering sub-cavity, an operating platform arranged inside the sintering sub-cavity, a plurality of side doors communicated with the adjacent sintering sub-cavity, and a discharging door arranged on the side surface of the sintering sub-cavity; the temperature in each sintering subcavity is the same or different; the adjacent operating platforms in the adjacent sintering sub cavities are connected through a sliding rail;
the top of the bell jar is provided with a bell jar door corresponding to each feeding door;
the quenching chamber includes: the device comprises a cavity door, a transfer device and a material taking door, wherein the cavity door is communicated with the bell jar and a discharge door of the sintering cavity, the transfer device is arranged in the quenching cavity and is used for transferring the sample on the operation platform into the quenching cavity, and the material taking door is used for taking out the sample.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sintering chamber and the quenching chamber are arranged not to rotate;
or the sintering cavity and the quenching cavity are arranged to be capable of rotating;
or the sintering cavity and the quenching cavity are both capable of rotating.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the samples capable of being sintered in the sintering chamber are the same or multiple, and the sintering chamber can realize continuous multi-stage atmosphere sintering of the same sample or simultaneous atmosphere sintering of multiple samples.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bell jar is enlarged and then reduced along the vertical direction, and the distance between the bell jar and the surface of the sintering furnace is enlarged and then reduced.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gas atmosphere in the plurality of quenching cavities is the same or different, and the temperature in different quenching cavities is the same or different.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each quenching cavity is arranged in the same way as the sintering sub-cavity, and adjacent quenching cavities are not communicated.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side surface of the bell jar is further provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is used for introducing air, and the air outlet is used for an air outlet or a vacuum pumping interface.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bell jar is further provided with an air pressure gauge for monitoring the air pressure in the bell jar.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transfer device is fixed in the quenching chamber, and the transfer device includes: the transfer arm realizes up-and-down movement and front-and-back stretching through the mover and the telescopic device.
The invention provides a sintering process of a multistage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the same sample on an operation table of a sintering sub-cavity, and heating the sample;
s2, after primary sintering, the same sample rotates to an adjacent sintering sub-cavity through a slide rail, secondary sintering is carried out, and after repeated for a plurality of times, the same sample is sintered for a plurality of times;
s3, transferring the sample subjected to multiple sintering from the sintering sub-cavity subjected to final treatment to a corresponding quenching cavity; and quenching after multiple times of sintering is realized, and a sample is taken out through a material taking door of the quenching cavity.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises the following steps:
a1, placing a plurality of samples on a workbench of a sintering sub-cavity, and heating the plurality of samples;
a2, after the multiple samples are sintered for one time, the multiple samples are transferred to the corresponding quenching cavities through the transfer device, so that quenching after the sintering for one time is realized, and the multiple samples are taken out through the material taking doors of the quenching cavities.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the sintering subchambers is equal in size.
The invention solves the defects in the background art, and has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention provides an atmosphere sintering furnace, which integrates a plurality of sintering sub-cavities into a mutually communicated sintering cavity, and enables a sample to be continuously sintered for a plurality of times through a slide rail, so that the process time of sintering for a plurality of times is greatly shortened, and the cost is saved.
(2) According to the invention, different samples can be added into a plurality of sintering sub-cavities of the sintering furnace, the samples can be sintered at the same time, and the samples are selectively matched with the corresponding quenching cavities for quenching after sintering, so that the simultaneous sintering of various samples is realized.
(3) The sintering furnace selectively rotates the sintering cavity or the quenching cavity through the matching of a plurality of sintering sub-cavities and quenching cavities which are circumferentially arranged, so that a sample is suitable for different atmospheres and different quenching temperatures.
(4) The sintering chamber and the quenching chamber are selectively provided with a rotating mode, and the purpose is to enable the sample to rotate to the required quenching chamber with special atmosphere and specific temperature.
(5) The invention can not only realize the atmosphere sintering and annealing treatment of the sample, but also realize the gas-phase quenching process of the sample, thereby providing the performance of the sample and meeting the quenching process requirement of the sample under special atmosphere.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts;
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a multistage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective schematic view of a sintering chamber of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the bell jar and sintering chamber of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a transfer device in the quenching chamber according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a bell jar; 11. a clock cover door; 12. an air inlet; 13. an exhaust port;
2. a sintering chamber; 21. a sintering subchamber; 211. a feed gate; 212. an operation table; 213. a side door; 214. a slide rail; 215. a discharge door;
3. a quenching cavity; 31. a transfer device; 311. a transfer arm; 312. a mover; 313. a retractor; 32. a material taking door.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be considered limiting of the scope of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
As shown in FIG. 1, a schematic perspective view of a multistage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace according to the present invention is shown. The multistage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace comprises: the device comprises a bell jar 1, a sintering cavity 2 arranged in the bell jar 1 and a plurality of quenching cavities 3 arranged around the sintering cavity 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the sintering chamber 2 is divided into a plurality of sintering sub-chambers 21, and each sintering sub-chamber 21 is circumferentially arranged; each agglomerate subcavity 21 is of equal size. The number of sintering sub-chambers 21 in the present invention includes, but is not limited to, three in the drawings, and the number of sintering sub-chambers 21 is also sufficiently large as long as the space inside the furnace in the sintering chamber 2 is sufficiently large.
Each sintering subcavity 21 comprises: the feeding door 211 at the top of the sintering sub-cavity 21 is arranged, the operation platform 212 is arranged inside the sintering sub-cavity 21, a plurality of side doors 213 for communicating the adjacent sintering sub-cavities 21 are arranged, and the discharging door 215 is arranged on the side of the sintering sub-cavity 21. The feed gate 211 is used for putting in of sample, and the recess in operation platform 212 is used for bearing the sample, and the sample overlap and carry the top of recess. The temperature in each sintering subcavity 21 may be the same or different. The temperature in each sintering subcavity 21 is determined based on the sample sintering temperature.
In the invention, the adjacent operation platforms 212 in the adjacent sintering sub-cavities 21 are connected through the slide rail 214, and the slide rail 214 is used for driving the operation platforms 212 to move to the adjacent sintering sub-cavities 21.
It should be noted that, in the sintering furnace, a plurality of sintering sub-cavities 21 are integrated into a mutually communicated sintering cavity 2, and the slide rail 214 is used for continuously sintering the sample for multiple times, so that the process time of multiple sintering is greatly shortened, and the cost is saved.
As shown in fig. 3, the top of the bell jar 1 is provided with a bell jar door 11 corresponding to each of the feed doors 211; the side surface of the bell jar 1 is also provided with an air inlet 12 and an air outlet 13, wherein the air inlet 12 is used for introducing air, and the air outlet 13 is used for an air outlet or vacuum-pumping interface. A barometer is also provided on the bell 1 for monitoring the air pressure within the bell 1.
According to the invention, the bell jar 1 is firstly enlarged and then reduced along the vertical direction, and the distance between the bell jar 1 and the surface of the sintering furnace is firstly enlarged and then reduced. The top and the side of the bell jar 1 are closer to the sintering cavity 2, so that the feeding and the discharging of the sintering cavity 2 are more convenient and convenient. The invention arranges air intake and exhaust at the highest position of the arc surface of the bell jar 1, which can promote the air intake and exhaust of the bell jar 1.
The quenching chamber 3 of the invention comprises: a chamber door of a discharge door 215 communicating the bell jar 1 and the sintering chamber 2, a transfer device 31 provided in the quenching chamber 3 and used for transferring the sample on the work table 212 to the quenching chamber 3, and a take-out door 32 used for taking out the sample. The gas atmosphere in the quenching cavities 3 is the same or different, and the temperature in different quenching cavities 3 is the same or different. The arrangement mode of each quenching cavity 3 is the same as that of the sintering sub-cavity 21, and the adjacent quenching cavities 3 are not communicated.
As shown in fig. 4, in the present invention, a transfer device 31 is fixed in a quenching chamber 3, and the transfer device 31 includes: the transfer arm 311, the transfer arm 311 moves up and down and extends and retracts back and forth through the mover 312 and the retractor 313. The transfer arm 311 has a U-shaped or V-shaped structure, and the transfer arm 311 preferably has a U-shaped structure. After the chamber door of the quenching chamber 3 is opened, the groove on the operation platform 212 in the sintering chamber 2 is matched with the transfer device 31, and the sample is transferred to the quenching chamber 3. The transfer arm 311 extends forwards and downwards into the groove of the workbench 212 through the matching of the mover 312 and the expansion piece 313, and then ascends and retreats into the quenching cavity 3.
It should be noted that the recess of the work table 212 corresponds to the U-shaped configuration of the top end of the transfer arm 311.
In the invention, the sintering cavity 2 and the quenching cavity 3 are both arranged to be incapable of rotating; or the sintering chamber 2 and the quenching chamber 3 are arranged to be capable of rotating; or the sintering cavity 2 and the quenching cavity 3 are both arranged to be capable of rotating. The sintering chamber 2 is hemispherical, the rotation mode of the sintering chamber 2 is substantially the rotation of a hemispherical object, and it can be selected that the sintering chamber 2 rotates along its own central axis, the central axis drives all the sintering sub-chambers 21 to rotate, and the rotation mode of the central axis is such as a motor, etc., which is easily thought by those skilled in the art and will not be described herein again. Of course, the rotation of the quenching chamber 3 is substantially circular around the bell jar 1, and the movement is uniform or variable, which has little effect as long as each quenching chamber 3 can reach the position of the discharge door 215 of the corresponding sintering sub-chamber 21 without interference. The driving mode of the quenching chamber 3 can be selected from a circular guide rail, a motor drive and the like, which are also easy to occur to those skilled in the art and are not described herein again.
The samples which can be sintered in the sintering cavity 2 are the same or multiple, and the sintering cavity 2 can realize continuous multi-stage atmosphere sintering of the same sample or simultaneous atmosphere sintering of multiple samples.
The invention provides a sintering process of a multistage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace, which comprises the following steps when the same sample is subjected to multistage continuous sintering: s1, placing the same sample on an operation table 212 of a sintering sub-cavity 21, and heating the sample; s2, after primary sintering, the same sample rotates to the adjacent sintering sub-cavity 21 through the slide rail 214, secondary sintering is carried out, and after repeated for a plurality of times, the same sample is sintered for a plurality of times; s3, transferring the sample subjected to multiple sintering from the sintering sub-cavity 21 subjected to final treatment to the corresponding quenching cavity 3; and quenching after multiple times of sintering is realized, and a sample is taken out through the material taking door 32 of the quenching cavity 3.
When multiple samples are sintered simultaneously, the method comprises the following steps: a1, placing a plurality of samples on a working platform 212 of the sintering sub-cavity 21, and heating the plurality of samples; a2, after the multiple samples are sintered for one time, the multiple samples are transferred to the corresponding quenching cavities 3 through the transfer device 31, quenching after the sintering for one time is realized, and the multiple samples are taken out through the material taking doors 32 of the quenching cavities 3.
When the invention carries out multi-stage continuous sintering on the same sample, three sintering sub-cavities 21 in the drawing are taken as an example. During sintering, the sample rotates to the adjacent sintering sub-cavities 21 through the slide rail 214, the temperature between the sintering sub-cavities 21 is set according to the reaction temperature of the sample, for example, the temperature is maintained at 800-1000 ℃ during one-time sintering, and the sample is processed for 5-10h; the secondary sintering is kept at 800-1000 ℃ for 8-12h; the third sintering is kept at 500-700 ℃ for treatment for 4-8h; the sample after three times of sintering is transferred to the quenching cavity 3 with specific atmosphere and specific temperature by the rotation of the sintering cavity 2 or the quenching cavity 3. Of course, different samples may not need more than three sintering temperatures, and may be transferred to the corresponding quenching chamber 3 after sintering twice. It should be noted that when the same sample is subjected to the next sintering, a new sample is put into the sintering sub-chamber 21, so that a sintering cycle is formed.
When the invention is used for sintering a plurality of samples at the same time, three sintering sub-cavities 21 in the drawing are taken as an example. During sintering, three samples are simultaneously put into the sintering sub-cavity 21, and after primary sintering, the multiple samples are respectively transferred into the quenching cavity 3 with specific atmosphere and specific temperature through the rotation of the sintering cavity 2 or the quenching cavity 3.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-stage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace comprising: the device comprises a bell jar, a sintering cavity and a plurality of quenching cavities, wherein the sintering cavity is arranged in the bell jar, and the plurality of quenching cavities are arranged along the sintering cavity in a surrounding manner;
the sintering cavity is divided into a plurality of sintering sub-cavities, and each sintering sub-cavity is circumferentially arranged; the sintering subchamber comprises: the feeding door is arranged at the top of the sintering sub-cavity, the operation platform is arranged in the sintering sub-cavity, a plurality of side doors which are communicated with the adjacent sintering sub-cavities, and the discharging door is arranged on the side surface of the sintering sub-cavity; the temperature in each sintering subcavity is the same or different; the adjacent operating platforms in the adjacent sintering sub cavities are connected through a sliding rail;
the top of the bell is provided with a bell door corresponding to each feeding door;
the quenching chamber includes: the cavity door is communicated with the bell jar and the discharge door of the sintering cavity, the transfer device is arranged in the quenching cavity and is used for transferring the sample on the operation platform into the quenching cavity, and the material taking door is used for taking out the sample;
the sintering cavity and the quenching cavity are both arranged to be incapable of rotating;
or the sintering cavity and the quenching cavity are arranged to be capable of rotating;
or the sintering cavity and the quenching cavity are both set to be capable of rotating.
2. The multi-stage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace of claim 1, wherein: the samples which can be sintered in the sintering cavity are of the same type or multiple types, and the sintering cavity can realize continuous multi-stage atmosphere sintering of the same sample or simultaneous atmosphere sintering of multiple samples.
3. The multi-stage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace of claim 1, wherein: the bell jar is enlarged and then reduced along the vertical direction, and the distance between the bell jar and the surface of the sintering furnace is enlarged and then reduced.
4. The multi-stage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the gas atmosphere in the quenching cavities is the same or different, and the temperature in different quenching cavities is the same or different.
5. The multi-stage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace of claim 1, wherein: the arrangement mode of each quenching cavity is the same as that of the sintering sub-cavity, and the adjacent quenching cavities are not communicated.
6. The multi-stage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace of claim 1, wherein: the side surface of the bell jar is also provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is used for introducing air, and the air outlet is used for an air exhaust or vacuum pumping interface.
7. The multi-stage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace of claim 1, wherein: the transfer device is fixed in the quenching cavity, and the transfer device comprises: the transfer arm realizes up-and-down movement and front-and-back stretching through the mover and the telescopic device.
8. The sintering process of the multistage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace based on any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, placing the same sample on an operation table of a sintering sub-cavity, and heating the sample;
s2, after primary sintering, the same sample rotates to an adjacent sintering sub-cavity through a slide rail, secondary sintering is carried out, and after repeated for a plurality of times, the same sample is sintered for a plurality of times;
s3, transferring the sample subjected to multiple sintering from the sintering sub-cavity subjected to final treatment to a corresponding quenching cavity; and quenching after multiple times of sintering is realized, and a sample is taken out through a material taking door of the quenching cavity.
9. The sintering process of the multi-stage rotary atmosphere sintering furnace according to claim 8, further comprising the steps of:
a1, placing a plurality of samples on a workbench of a sintering sub-cavity, and heating the plurality of samples;
a2, after the multiple samples are sintered for one time, the multiple samples are transferred to the corresponding quenching cavities through the transfer device, so that quenching after the sintering for one time is realized, and the multiple samples are taken out through the material taking doors of the quenching cavities.
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