CN112984039A

CN112984039A - Axial system transverse vibration large-force-value inertial type electromagnetic active control device

Info

Publication number: CN112984039A
Application number: CN202110209744.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张聪; 刘渊之; 国玉阔; 章林柯; 杨磊
Original assignee: Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Current assignee: Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Priority date: 2021-02-24
Filing date: 2021-02-24
Publication date: 2021-06-18

Abstract

The invention discloses an inertial electromagnetic active control device for transverse vibration of a shaft system with large force value, which comprises: the magnetic conduction shell, fix upper end cover and the lower end cover at magnetic conduction shell both ends, set up wire frame, spring radial fixity piece, coil, magnetizer, non-magnetic mobile jib, permanent magnet and compression spring in magnetic conduction shell to and the base of fixing on the lower end cover. Wherein, the main pole, the permanent magnet and the magnetizer form a rotor. The main rod is arranged on the central axis of the magnetic conduction shell, and two ends of the main rod are respectively and rotatably connected with the upper end cover and the lower end cover through bearings. The permanent magnets and the magnetizers are alternately arranged on the outer side wall of the main rod along the axial direction of the main rod, the magnets at the two ends are magnetizers, the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite in homopolar, and the permanent magnets form a closed magnetic circuit through the magnetic conduction shell and the magnetizers at the two ends of the permanent magnets. The device of the invention controls the transverse vibration of the shafting by adjusting the electrifying frequency and the electrifying direction of the coil to enable the output force of the rotor to be opposite to the vibration direction of the shafting and to be the same as the vibration direction of the shafting.

Description

Axial system transverse vibration large-force-value inertial type electromagnetic active control device

Technical Field

The invention relates to an electromagnetic active control device, in particular to an inertial electromagnetic active control device with a large force value for transverse vibration of a shaft system.

Background

The shafting is the main equipment for power transmission, and the main machine and the executing part (such as a paddle) are effectively connected to form a complete power system, so that the equipment (such as a ship) can normally run. When the main machine force transmission of the shafting is uneven, the moment and installation can not be centered, the material processing is not accurate, and the like, the shafting can generate an unbalanced state and generate transverse vibration (in addition, the propeller works in an uneven flow field, the disturbance of the tail of the ship can be caused, and the ship can generate resonance and local vibration). Severe lateral vibration may cause excessive bending stress of the shafting, which may cause the shafting to break, and endanger human life.

At present, resonance can be avoided by changing external excitation frequency, if the external excitation frequency is fixed and unchanged, the natural frequency of a system can be changed by changing certain parameters (such as bearing support rigidity and support position) in a shafting, a resonance area is avoided, and the purposes of reducing system response and controlling equipment vibration are achieved. When the resonance phenomenon is unavoidable, the system vibration response can be reduced, for example, when the stable operation rotating speed of the shaft is greater than the critical rotating speed, in order to reduce the damage caused by resonance as much as possible, the system vibration response needs to rapidly cross the resonance region, the operation time in the resonance region is shortened, and the system vibration response is reduced.

The method for reducing the shafting rotary vibration is to improve the process or passively control, and the number of the transverse vibration active control devices for the propulsion shafting is relatively small.

At present, actuators used at home and abroad mainly comprise four types, namely hydraulic/pneumatic actuators, piezoelectric actuators, magnetostrictive actuators and electromagnetic actuators. The electromagnetic actuator generates output force by utilizing the action of the constant magnetic field of the electrified coil and the permanent magnet, and has the advantages of easy control, good linearity and high response speed. The electromagnetic actuator has two types, one is a traditional ejector rod type vibration exciter and has the defect of difficult installation, and the other is an inertial actuator which is easy to install, good in linearity, small in harmonic distortion and easy to control a low-frequency line spectrum. The electromagnetic inertial actuator researched at present has the problems of low output force value and poor reliability under unit volume weight.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an inertial electromagnetic active control device for large-force value transverse vibration of a shafting, which can enable the output force of an electronic to be opposite to the vibration direction of the shafting and have the same frequency by adjusting the energizing frequency and the direction of a coil, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the transverse vibration of the shafting.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an inertial electromagnetic active control device with large force value for transverse vibration of a shaft system, the device comprising: a magnetically conductive housing; the upper end cover is fixed at the top end of the magnetic conduction shell; the lower end cover is fixed at the bottom end of the magnetic conduction shell; the annular rib radiating component comprises a plurality of annular ribs, and the annular ribs are circumferentially arranged on the outer side wall of the magnetic conduction shell; the active cell, it sets up in the magnetic conduction shell contains: the permanent magnet is arranged on the main rod; the main rod is non-magnetic and is positioned at the central axis of the magnetic conduction shell, and two ends of the main rod are respectively rotatably connected with the upper end cover and the lower end cover through bearings; the permanent magnets and the magnetizers are alternately arranged on the outer side wall of the main rod along the axial direction of the main rod, the magnets at two ends are magnetizers, the same poles of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite, and the permanent magnets form a closed magnetic circuit through the magnetic conduction shell and the magnetizers at two ends of the permanent magnets; the spring radial fixing piece is fixed on the magnetizers at the two ends of the rotor; the compression spring is arranged between the top end of the rotor and the upper end cover and between the bottom end of the rotor and the lower end cover, one end of the compression spring is limited by the radial spring fixing piece, and the other end of the compression spring is limited by the upper end cover or the lower end cover through a bearing; the wire frame is arranged on the inner wall of the magnetic conduction shell; the coils are fixed in the wire frame, correspond to the outer side walls of the magnetizers, have the same winding direction and the same current direction with the coils corresponding to the magnetizers at two ends, and have the opposite winding direction and the opposite current direction with the coils corresponding to the magnetizer in the middle; and the base is fixed at the bottom of the lower end cover.

Preferably, the spring radial fixing member has a circular groove shape, the main rod passing through a center thereof; the compression spring is sleeved on the main rod, and one end of the compression spring is fixed on the spring radial fixing piece.

Preferably, the magnetizer and the magnetic conductive outer wall both adopt electrician pure iron DT 4C.

Preferably, the permanent magnet is made of neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnet material with the reference number of N45M.

Preferably, the main rod is made of high-strength alloy.

Preferably, the compression spring has a stiffness of 27N/mm.

The inertial type electromagnetic active control device with the large axial system transverse vibration force value has the following advantages:

the device of the invention adopts electromagnetic type active control, can make the output force of the mover opposite to the vibration direction of the shafting and the frequency the same by adjusting the electrifying frequency and the direction of the coil, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the transverse vibration of the shafting, in the device, the radial fixing part of the spring can ensure that the mover is fixed, the bearing and the base can ensure that the movement of the mover is not deviated, the annular rib heat radiating part of the shell can reduce the temperature of the electromagnetic actuator during operation, and the temperature of the whole machine is reduced to 53-45 ℃ from the original 71 ℃.

The device of the invention optimizes the magnetic circuit structure of the electromagnetic control device on the principle that the mass is less than 8kg, meets the requirement that the output force is more than 200N under low frequency (vibration frequency is 20Hz), can be used by multi-point multi-direction superposition, has the smallest bottom area and can relieve the temperature rise. The invention adopts an internal magnetic type and double-layer cylindrical structure, and the design has the advantages of large magnetic induction intensity, long wire which can be placed, easy adjustment of bidirectional force and high reliability.

The device only adopts the spring to limit the movement of the rotor, although only one rotor is provided, a good magnetic circuit structure can generate larger magnetic induction intensity and larger output force, the installation is simpler, the weight is relatively lighter, the linearity is good, a plurality of rotors can be simultaneously used for controlling multiple points and multiple directions, the use is more flexible, and the transverse vertical rotors cannot interfere with each other.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an inertial electromagnetic active control device with large transverse vibration force value of a shafting according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the wire frame of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the boom of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the upper end cap of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the lower end cap of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the base of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the spring radial mount of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a right half sectional view of the magnetic circuit of the device of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

An inertial electromagnetic active control device with large force value for transverse vibration of a shaft system, referring to fig. 1-8, the device comprises: the magnetic conduction device comprises a magnetic conduction shell 5, an upper end cover 2 and a lower end cover 9 which are fixed at two ends of the magnetic conduction shell 5, a wire frame 11, a spring radial fixing piece 12, a coil 4, a magnetizer 3, a non-magnetic conduction main rod 6, a permanent magnet 7, a compression spring 13 and a base 8 which is fixed on the lower end cover 9, wherein the wire frame 11, the spring radial fixing piece 12, the coil 4, the magnetizer 3, the non-magnetic conduction main.

The non-magnetic main rod 6 is positioned at the central axis of the magnetic conduction shell 5, and two ends of the main rod are respectively connected with the upper end cover 2 and the lower end cover 9 in a rotating way through the bearings 1 fixed on the upper end cover 2 and the lower end cover 9 (such as bolts). The base 8 is fixed on the outer ring of the bearing 1 and the lower end cover 9, and the base 8 and the lower end cover 9 are fixed (for example, welded) to play a supporting role.

The permanent magnets 7 and the magnetizers 3 are alternately arranged on the outer side wall of the non-magnetic main rod 6 along the axial direction of the non-magnetic main rod 6, and the magnets at the two ends are the magnetizers 3. The non-magnetic main rod 6, the permanent magnet 7 and the magnetizer 3 form a rotor. Moreover, the adjacent permanent magnets 7 are opposite in the same polarity, and the permanent magnets 7 form a closed magnetic circuit through the magnetic conductive outer wall 5 and the magnetic conductors 3 on the two sides (see fig. 8).

Compression springs 13 are arranged between the two ends of the mover and the bearings 1 on the upper end cover 2 and the lower end cover 9. Specifically, spring radial fixing pieces 12 are fixedly arranged at two ends of the mover, the spring radial fixing pieces 12 are in a circular groove shape, the main rod 6 penetrates through the center of the main rod, the compression spring 13 is sleeved on the main rod 6, one end of the compression spring 13 is fixed on the spring radial fixing pieces 12 and limited by the side walls of the spring radial fixing pieces 12, and the other end of the compression spring is limited by an end cover and a bearing. The two ends of the mover are clamped by compression springs 13 to prevent the middle mover from generating large radial displacement. The non-magnetic main rods 6 penetrate through the permanent magnet 7 and the magnetizers 3, and the magnetizers 3 at the two ends are connected with the non-magnetic main rods 6 through threads. The spring radial fixing part 12 prevents the compression spring 13 from radial displacement, the spring is an element providing low axial stiffness and high radial stiffness, resistance is generated by compression of the spring to prevent the middle rotor from large radial displacement, and the connecting rod is prevented from contacting the end covers 2 and 9 as much as possible.

A wire frame 11 is fixed on the inner wall of the magnetic conduction shell 5, the wire frame 11 is installed on the lower end cover 9 through bolts, the coil 4 is arranged in the fixed wire frame 11, and the outer side wall of the magnetic conductor 3 corresponds to the coil 4. Alternating current in the same direction is introduced into the coils 4 at the two ends, the winding direction of the coil 4 in the middle is opposite to that of the coils at the two ends, and the current direction is opposite to that of the coils at the two ends. The upper, middle and lower coils 4 are subject to electromagnetic force (ampere force) in the same direction, and the middle rotor is subject to the same magnitude of reaction force, so that the frequency and magnitude of alternating current are changed, and the frequency and amplitude of the reciprocating motion of the middle rotor can be changed. When the coil 4 is electrified with alternating current, the rotor can move up and down, and when the rotor moves up and down, the compression springs at two ends of the rotor are stressed differently.

The outer side wall of the magnetic conduction shell 5 is provided with the annular rib heat dissipation part 10, the annular rib heat dissipation part 10 can reduce the temperature of the electromagnetic actuator during operation, and the temperature of the whole electromagnetic actuator is reduced to 53-45 ℃ from the original 71 ℃. The magnetizer 3 and the magnetic conduction outer wall 5 both adopt electrician pure iron DT 4C. Permanent magnet 7 is made of neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnet material with the reference number of N45M. The non-magnetic main rod 6 is made of high-strength alloy. The compression spring rate was 27N/mm.

The working principle of the inertial type electromagnetic active control device with the large axial transverse vibration value is as follows:

in an initial state, the compression spring 13 is only under the action of gravity of the rotor, the corresponding coil 4 is arranged on the outer ring of the magnetizer 3, the rotor can move up and down when alternating current is conducted to the coil 4, the compression spring 13 at the lower end outputs pressure to the base 8 when the rotor moves downwards, the compression spring 13 at the upper end is not stressed, the compression spring 13 at the upper end is stressed when the rotor moves upwards, and the compression spring at the lower end is not stressed.

The adjacent permanent magnets 7 are opposite in homopolar, the permanent magnets 7 form a closed magnetic circuit through the magnetic conductive outer wall 5 and the magnetic conductors 3 on two sides, the electrifying directions of the adjacent coils 4 are opposite to form outward electromagnetic force in the same direction, the output force of the rotor is opposite to the vibration direction of the shafting and the frequency of the rotor is the same by adjusting the electrifying frequency and the direction of the coils 4, and therefore the purpose of controlling the transverse vibration of the shafting is achieved.

While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.

Claims

1. An inertial electromagnetic active control device with large force value for transverse vibration of a shaft system is characterized by comprising:

a magnetically conductive housing (5);

the upper end cover (2) is fixed at the top end of the magnetic conduction shell (5);

the lower end cover (9) is fixed at the bottom end of the magnetic conduction shell (5);

the annular rib heat dissipation component (10) comprises a plurality of annular ribs, and the annular ribs are circumferentially arranged on the outer side wall of the magnetic conduction shell (5);

a mover disposed in the magnetically conductive housing (5), and including: the permanent magnet magnetic suspension device comprises a main rod (6), a permanent magnet (7) and a magnetizer (3); the main rod (6) is non-magnetic, is positioned at the central axis of the magnetic conduction shell (5), and two ends of the main rod are respectively rotatably connected with the upper end cover (2) and the lower end cover (9) through bearings (1); the permanent magnets (7) and the magnetizers (3) are alternately arranged on the outer side wall of the main rod (6) along the axial direction of the main rod (6), the magnets at two ends are the magnetizers (3), the adjacent permanent magnets (7) are opposite in the same pole, and the permanent magnets (7) form a closed magnetic circuit through the magnetic conduction shell (5) and the magnetizers (3) at two ends of the permanent magnets (7);

the spring radial fixing piece (12) is fixed on the magnetizers (3) at the two ends of the rotor;

the compression spring (13) is arranged between the top end of the rotor and the upper end cover (2) and between the bottom end of the rotor and the lower end cover (9), one end of the compression spring is limited by the spring radial fixing piece (12), and the other end of the compression spring is limited by the upper end cover (2) or the lower end cover (9) through the bearing (1);

the wire frame (11) is arranged on the inner wall of the magnetic conduction shell (5);

the coils (4) are fixed in the wire frame (11), correspond to the outer side walls of the magnetizers (3), are the same as the coils (4) corresponding to the magnetizers (3) at two ends in winding direction, have the same current direction, and are opposite to the winding direction of the coil (4) corresponding to the magnetizer (3) in the middle and the current direction; and

and the base (8) is fixed at the bottom of the lower end cover (9).

2. The shafting transverse vibration high-force inertial electromagnetic active control device according to claim 1, wherein said spring radial mount (12) has a circular groove shape, said main rod (6) passing through the center thereof; the compression spring (13) is sleeved on the main rod (6), and one end of the compression spring (13) is fixed on the spring radial fixing piece (12).

3. The shafting transverse vibration large-force inertial type electromagnetic active control device according to claim 1, wherein said magnetizer (3) and the outer magnetically conductive wall (5) are made of electrically pure iron DT 4C.

4. The shafting transverse vibration large-force inertial type electromagnetic active control device according to claim 1, wherein said permanent magnet (7) is made of neodymium iron boron rare earth permanent magnet material with the reference number N45M.

5. The shafting transverse vibration large-force inertial electromagnetic active control device according to claim 1, wherein said main rod (6) is made of high-strength alloy.

6. The shafting transverse vibration large-force inertial electromagnetic active control device according to claim 1, wherein the stiffness of said compression spring (13) is 27N/mm.