CN112979365A - Pretreatment device and treatment process for traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pretreatment device and a treatment process for traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer, and the pretreatment device comprises a drying cylinder, wherein cylinder supports are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the drying cylinder, one end of the drying cylinder is connected with a driving box, the driving box comprises a first motor and a speed reducer, the output part of the speed reducer is connected with a spiral conveying rod, the spiral conveying rod is transversely arranged in an inner cavity of the drying cylinder, and a high-temperature gas conduction cavity is formed in the outer part of the inner cavity. According to the pretreatment device and the treatment process for the traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer, provided by the invention, under the condition that the conventional manufacturer lacks professional equipment, the processes of conveying, cleaning, drying, crushing, weighing and bagging of the waste residues are designed, and the equipment such as a conveyor, a transition box, a drying cylinder, a spiral feeder, a four-roller crusher and the like are effectively combined to form a set of production line which is very high in complete automation degree and high in process conformity, so that the pretreatment device and the treatment process are suitable for different working conditions, and bring better use prospects.

Description

Pretreatment device and treatment process for traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to a pretreatment device and a treatment process for traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer.

Background

A large amount of waste residues are generated after active ingredients of a large amount of traditional Chinese medicinal materials are extracted in the process of preparing the traditional Chinese medicine, the waste residues are generally directly stacked, buried or burned, wherein the stacking is a main form, occupies a large amount of land, and easily generates odor, sewage and the like to pollute the environment, more and more pharmaceutical manufacturers begin to sell the waste residues to fertilizer processing manufacturers at low price directly after paying attention to the problem of utilization of the waste residues by pharmaceutical manufacturers, so that the problems are solved, the fertilizer processing manufacturers can prepare organic fertilizers by fermenting the traditional Chinese medicine waste residues, the fertilizer efficiency of the organic fertilizers is far higher than that of other varieties, the selling prospects are good, but most manufacturers directly crush bagged untreated waste residues and add fermenting microorganisms according to the weight ratio for fermentation, some problems can occur during the period, the first waste residues are not cleaned and are doped with various impurities, influence subsequent actual fermentation weight, and the dregs of a decoction have pungent taste, the organic fertilizer of not rinsing making also carries this flavor, influence the sale, secondly, the dregs of a decoction water content of not drying is big, influence subsequent actual fermentation weight and auxiliary material ratio, and the dregs of a decoction can carry multiple microorganism at the in-process self of stacking, if not through killing the processing, can cause the confusion of fermentation population, the third producer lacks the processing facility of complete traditional chinese medicine waste residue, lead to subsequent weighing and bagging-off all be artifical, waste time and energy, production efficiency is low, for this reason, we provide a traditional chinese medicine waste residue fermentation organic fertilizer preprocessing device and processing technology.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a pretreatment device and a treatment process for traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a pretreatment device and a treatment process for traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer comprise a drying cylinder, wherein cylinder supports are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the drying cylinder, one end of the drying cylinder is connected with a driving box, a first motor and a speed reducer are arranged in the driving box, the output part of the speed reducer is connected with a spiral conveying rod, the spiral conveying rod is transversely arranged in an inner cavity of the drying cylinder, a high-temperature gas conduction cavity is formed in the outer part of the inner cavity, and the high-temperature gas conduction cavity is communicated with a gas guide pipe;

the inclined plane of the drying cylinder is provided with a conveyor bracket, the upper end and the lower end of the conveyor bracket comprise a driving wheel and a driven wheel which are connected by a belt, a transition box is arranged below the position of the driving wheel, two groups of guide rails are arranged at the bottom of the transition box, a cleaning trolley is arranged on the guide rails, a driving wheel acting on the guide rails is arranged at the bottom of the cleaning trolley, mortise blocks are symmetrically arranged on the outer side surface of the cleaning trolley, tenon blocks acting on the mortise blocks are arranged on the two inner walls of the transition box, a turnover frame is transversely arranged at the middle part of the cleaning trolley, a filter screen is arranged at the middle position of the turnover frame, two ends of the turnover frame are connected with a shaft part, the shaft part extends outwards and is sleeved with a bearing, a second motor is arranged on one shaft part, the bottom of the cleaning trolley is provided with a discharge opening, and, the sewage port is connected with a sewage discharge pipe, the bottom of the left side of the transition box is provided with a first discharge port, and the first discharge port is communicated with the inner cavity of the drying cylinder;

the utility model discloses a dry by fire drying section of thick bamboo, including a stoving section of thick bamboo, first roller, second roller, third roller and fourth roller are changeed to the left side bottom of stoving section of thick bamboo, the below of No. two bin openings is provided with rubbing crusher, first roller, second roller, third roller and the fourth roller of changeing are all installed from the left side down in proper order to rubbing crusher's middle part, the roller is all installed on first roller, second roller, third roller and the fourth roller of changeing, impartial distance is provided with the ring roller blade combination on the roll surface of first roller, second roller, third roller and fourth roller, is provided with crushing groove between the adjacent ring roller blade combination, the bottom of rubbing crusher has been seted up and has been connect the silo, connect the tank bottom to install weighing sensor, connect the right side of silo to install the fan, connect the left side of silo to have seted up the throwing material mouth, the throwing material mouth outside is connecting the card bag frame, the material bag has been laid.

Preferably, the gas guide pipe is connected with a water boiler to supply high-temperature steam.

Preferably, three groups of water taps are uniformly distributed right above the transition box, and each group of water taps is connected with a tap water pipe.

Preferably, the second motor drives the roll-over stand to turn over 180 degrees anticlockwise, so that the discharging is completed, and then the roll-over stand turns back 180 degrees clockwise.

Preferably, the first roller and the fourth roller which are positioned at two sides are higher than the second roller and the third roller, the first roller and the second roller move clockwise, and the third roller and the fourth roller move anticlockwise.

Preferably, the adjacent rotating rollers are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the circular roller blade assembly can extend into the crushing groove to complete matching, and the circular roller blade assembly comprises a plurality of groups of crushing cutter heads which are arranged in sequence.

A pretreatment process for traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer comprises the following process steps:

s1 transportation: the residue to be treated is poured onto the bottom of the belt and transported upwards to the top.

S2 cleaning and draining: and (3) the dregs of a decoction processed by the S1 fall into the cleaning vehicle, three groups of water taps are started to flush the dregs of a decoction in the vehicle, water flows out from a sewage outlet and is transferred away by a sewage discharge pipe, and then the vehicle waits for half an hour and drains the water on the surface of the dregs of a decoction.

S3 discharging: the cleaning vehicle moves to the left side of the transition box, the second motor drives the turnover frame to turn over 180 degrees anticlockwise, and the medicine residues on the filter screen fall into the right end of the inner cavity from the first discharge port.

S4 drying and conveying: the dregs of a decoction that S3 handled falls into drying cylinder, and first motor starts, drives screw conveyor pole work through slowing down, carries the dregs of a decoction from the right side to the left, and at the in-process of carrying, high-temperature gas conduction chamber is to the inner chamber heat conduction, and the moisture of stoving dregs of a decoction, dregs of a decoction fall into the rubbing crusher from No. two bin outlets.

S5 crushing: s4 processing the medicine dregs, changing the medicine dregs into powder at the gap between the first rotating roller, the second rotating roller, the third rotating roller and the fourth rotating roller which rotate adjacently by using the combined action of the ring roller and the blades, and then intensively dropping into the material receiving groove.

S6 weighing and bagging: after the waste residue powder weighing sensor weighs, data is recorded, the fan is started again, and powder in the groove is directly blown into the material bag to complete bagging.

The invention provides a pretreatment device and a treatment process of traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer by improvement, compared with the prior art, the pretreatment device has the following remarkable improvements and advantages:

(1) the design cleaning car that can remove opens three tap of group, washes the waste residue in the car, takes away the impurity of tiny granule on the one hand, and on the other hand washes away the medicine flavor, later removes to drying cylinder top again, and the roll-over stand upset is unloaded.

(2) A design stoving section of thick bamboo utilizes high temperature steam to dry, gets rid of the moisture of dregs of a decoction on the one hand, and unnecessary microorganism is killed to on the other hand, and a stoving section of thick bamboo combines the conveyer, reaches the purpose of transporting while stoving.

(3) The design has the rubbing crusher of weighing and bagging-off function, utilizes four rollers to make up after high-efficient crushing dregs of a decoction, reweighs, later bagging-off, and degree of automation is high.

(4) Whole device and process design are simple, and convenient operation, under the condition that current producer lacks professional equipment, the transport of design dregs of a decoction, washing, stoving, crushing, weighing and bagging-off technology, with the effectual combination of equipment such as conveyer, transition case, a stoving section of thick bamboo, screw feeder, four-roll rubbing crusher, form one set of complete degree of automation very high, and rather than the high production line of process degree of agreeing with, thereby reduction in production cost improves work efficiency, the effect of use is better for traditional mode.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an interior view of the dryer cartridge of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an interior view of the transition box of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the wash cart of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an interior view of the shredder of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a detailed structural view of the first rotating roller of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a drying drum; 2. a cartridge holder; 3. a drive box; 4. a first motor; 5. a speed reducer; 6. a screw conveying rod; 7. an inner cavity; 8. a high temperature gas conduction chamber; 9. an air duct; 10. a conveyor support; 11. a driven wheel; 12. a driving wheel; 13. a belt; 14. a transition box; 15. a guide rail; 16. cleaning a vehicle; 17. a drive wheel; 18. a mortise and tenon block; 19. a tenon block; 20. a roll-over stand; 21. filtering with a screen; 22. a shaft portion; 23. a bearing; 24. a second motor; 25. a discharge opening; 26. a sewage port; 27. a blow-off pipe; 28. a first discharge opening; 29. a second discharge port; 30. a pulverizer; 31. a first rotating roller; 32. a second rotating roller; 33. a third roller; 34. a fourth rotating roller; 35. a roll shaft; 36. combining a ring roller blade; 37. a crushing tank; 38. a material receiving groove; 39. a weighing sensor; 40. a fan; 41. a material throwing port; 42. a bag clamping frame; 43. material bags; 44. a tap water pipe; 45. a faucet.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1-6, a pretreatment device for traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermentation organic fertilizer and a treatment process thereof comprise a drying cylinder 1, wherein cylinder supports 2 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the drying cylinder 1, one end of the drying cylinder 1 is connected with a driving box 3, the driving box 3 comprises a first motor 4 and a speed reducer 5, the output part of the speed reducer 5 is connected with a spiral conveying rod 6, the spiral conveying rod 6 is transversely arranged in an inner cavity 7 of the drying cylinder 1, the outer part of the inner cavity 7 is provided with a high-temperature gas conduction cavity 8, and the high-temperature gas conduction cavity 8 is communicated with a gas guide tube 9;

a conveyor bracket 10 is installed on the inclined plane of the drying cylinder 1, the upper end and the lower end of the conveyor bracket 10 comprise a driving wheel 12 and a driven wheel 11 which are connected by a belt 13, a transition box 14 is arranged below the position of the driving wheel 12, two groups of guide rails 15 are installed at the bottom of the transition box 14, a cleaning vehicle 16 is placed on the guide rails 15, a driving wheel 17 acting on the guide rails 15 is installed at the bottom of the cleaning vehicle 16, mortise blocks 18 are symmetrically installed on the outer side surface of the cleaning vehicle 16, tenon blocks 19 acting on the mortise blocks 18 are installed on the two inner walls of the transition box 14, a turning frame 20 is transversely installed in the middle of the cleaning vehicle 16, a filter screen 21 is arranged at the middle of the turning frame 20, shaft portions 22 are connected at the two ends of the turning frame 20, a bearing 23 extends outwards and is sleeved on the shaft portion 22, a second motor 24 is installed on one group of shaft portions 22, a discharge opening, the sewage port 26 is connected with a sewage discharge pipe 27, the bottom of the left side of the transition box 14 is provided with a first discharge port 28, and the first discharge port 28 is communicated with the inner cavity 7 of the drying cylinder 1;

a second discharge opening 29 is formed in the bottom of the left side of the drying cylinder 1, a crusher 30 is arranged below the second discharge opening 29, a first rotating roller 31, a second rotating roller 32, a third rotating roller 33 and a fourth rotating roller 34 are sequentially installed in the middle of the crusher 30 from left to bottom, roller shafts 35 are installed on the first rotating roller 31, the second rotating roller 32, the third rotating roller 33 and the fourth rotating roller 34, ring roller blade combinations 36 are arranged on the roller surfaces of the first rotating roller 31, the second rotating roller 32, the third rotating roller 33 and the fourth rotating roller 34 at equal intervals, crushing grooves 37 are formed between adjacent ring roller blade combinations 36, a receiving groove 38 is formed in the bottom of the crusher 30, a weighing sensor 39 is installed at the bottom of the receiving groove 38, a fan 40 is installed on the right side of the receiving groove 38, a material throwing opening 41 is formed in the left side of the receiving groove 38, a bag clamping frame 42 is connected to the outer side of the material throwing opening 41, and a material bag 43 is placed on the bag clamping frame 42;

the gas-guide tube 9 is connected with a water boiler to supply high-temperature steam; three groups of water taps 45 are uniformly distributed right above the transition box 14, and each group of water taps 45 is connected with a tap water pipe 44; the second motor 24 drives the roll-over stand 20 to roll over 180 degrees counterclockwise, finish unloading, and then rotate 180 degrees clockwise; the heights of the first rotating roller 31 and the fourth rotating roller 34 positioned on two sides are slightly higher than those of the second rotating roller 32 and the third rotating roller 33, the first rotating roller 31 and the second rotating roller 32 move clockwise, the third rotating roller 33 and the fourth rotating roller 34 move anticlockwise, and the roller shafts 35 realize synchronous and same-direction or opposite-direction movement through chain wheel combination; the adjacent rotating rollers are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the ring roller blade assembly 36 can extend into the crushing groove 37 to complete the engagement, and the ring roller blade assembly 36 comprises a plurality of groups of crushing cutter heads which are arranged in order; all the electric equipment related in the device are controlled by a unified circuit and a PLC controller, the control principle is simple, and the device is the prior art.

When the pretreatment device and the treatment process are used, medicine residues to be treated are poured at the bottom of a belt 13 and are conveyed upwards to the top and then fall into a cleaning vehicle 16, three groups of water taps 45 are turned on to wash the waste residues in the vehicle, on one hand, small-particle impurities are taken away, on the other hand, medicine smell is washed away, sewage flows out from a sewage port 26 and is transferred away by a sewage discharge pipe 27, then, the cleaning vehicle 16 is moved to the left side of a transition box 14, a second motor 24 drives a turnover frame 20 to turn over 180 degrees anticlockwise, the medicine residues on a filter screen 21 fall into the right end of an inner cavity 7 from a first opening 28, a first motor 4 is started to drive a spiral conveying rod 6 to work through speed reduction, the medicine residues are conveyed from right to left, and in the conveying process, a high-temperature gas conveying cavity 8 conducts heat to the inner cavity 7, the moisture of stoving dregs of a decoction falls into rubbing crusher 30 from No. two bin outlets 29, in the clearance department of adjacent pivoted first commentaries on classics roller 31, second commentaries on classics roller 32, third commentaries on classics roller 33 and fourth commentaries on classics roller 34, utilizes ring roller blade combination 36's effect, becomes the dregs of a decoction into the powder, then concentrates to fall into and connect the silo 38 in, is weighed by weighing sensor 39 after, opens fan 40, directly accomplishes the bagging-off in blowing material bag 43 with the inslot powder, treats the use.

Example two:

the faucet 45 is designed for manual operation, requiring installation of a ladder stand and the operator going to the top to open the faucet, which saves costs.

Example three:

the faucet 45 is designed to be electromagnetically controlled, a ladder is not required to be installed, and the remote switch is controlled, so that labor is saved.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermentation organic fertilizer pretreatment device and a treatment process thereof comprise a drying cylinder (1), and are characterized in that: the drying device is characterized in that drum supports (2) are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the drying drum (1), one end of the drying drum (1) is connected with a driving box (3), a first motor (4) and a speed reducer (5) are arranged in the driving box (3), the output part of the speed reducer (5) is connected with a spiral conveying rod (6), the spiral conveying rod (6) is transversely arranged in an inner cavity (7) of the drying drum (1), a high-temperature gas conduction cavity (8) is formed in the outer side part of the inner cavity (7), and the high-temperature gas conduction cavity (8) is communicated with a gas guide pipe (9);

the conveyor comprises a drying drum (1), a conveyor support (10) is installed on the inclined plane of the drying drum, the upper end and the lower end of the conveyor support (10) comprise driving wheels (12) and driven wheels (11), the driving wheels (12) are connected through belts (13), transition boxes (14) are arranged below the positions of the driving wheels (12), two sets of guide rails (15) are installed at the bottom of the transition boxes (14), cleaning vehicles (16) are placed on the guide rails (15), driving wheels (17) acting on the guide rails (15) are installed at the bottoms of the cleaning vehicles (16), mortise blocks (18) are symmetrically installed on the outer side faces of the cleaning vehicles (16), tenon blocks (19) acting on the mortise blocks (18) are installed on two inner walls of the transition boxes (14), a turnover frame (20) is transversely installed in the middle of the cleaning vehicles (16), a filter screen (21) is arranged in the middle of the turnover frame (20), the two ends of the roll-over stand (20) are connected with a shaft part (22), the shaft part (22) extends outwards and is sleeved with a bearing (23), a second motor (24) is installed on the shaft part (22), a discharge opening (25) is formed in the bottom of the cleaning vehicle (16), a sewage outlet (26) is formed in the bottom of the right side of the transition box (14), the sewage outlet (26) is connected with a sewage discharge pipe (27), a first discharge opening (28) is formed in the bottom of the left side of the transition box (14), and the first discharge opening (28) is communicated with an inner cavity (7) of the drying cylinder (1);

a second discharge opening (29) is formed in the bottom of the left side of the drying cylinder (1), a pulverizer (30) is arranged below the second discharge opening (29), a first rotating roller (31), a second rotating roller (32), a third rotating roller (33) and a fourth rotating roller (34) are sequentially installed in the middle of the pulverizer (30) from left to bottom, roller shafts (35) are installed on the first rotating roller (31), the second rotating roller (32), the third rotating roller (33) and the fourth rotating roller (34), ring roller blade combinations (36) are arranged on the roller surfaces of the first rotating roller (31), the second rotating roller (32), the third rotating roller (33) and the fourth rotating roller (34) at equal distances, a crushing groove (37) is formed between every two adjacent ring roller blade combinations (36), a receiving groove (38) is formed in the bottom of the pulverizer (30), and a weighing sensor (39) is installed at the bottom of the receiving groove (38), connect the right side of silo (38) to install fan (40), connect the left side of silo (38) to seted up throwing mouth (41), card bag frame (42) is being connected in throwing mouth (41) outside, lay pocket (43) on card bag frame (42).

2. The pretreatment device of the traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the gas guide pipe (9) is connected with a water boiler to supply high-temperature steam.

3. The pretreatment device of the traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: three groups of water taps (45) are uniformly distributed right above the transition box (14), and each group of water taps (45) is connected with a tap water pipe (44).

4. The pretreatment device of the traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the second motor (24) drives the roll-over stand (20) to roll over for 180 degrees anticlockwise, so that the discharging is completed, and then the roll-over stand is rotated for 180 degrees clockwise.

5. The pretreatment device of the traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: first commentaries on classics roller (31) and fourth commentaries on classics roller (34) position height that are located both sides are higher than second commentaries on classics roller (32), third commentaries on classics roller (33), first commentaries on classics roller (31), second commentaries on classics roller (32) clockwise movement, third commentaries on classics roller (33) and fourth commentaries on classics roller (34) counter-clockwise movement.

6. The pretreatment device of the traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the adjacent rollers are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the ring roller blade combination (36) can extend into the crushing groove (37) to complete matching, and the ring roller blade combination (36) comprises a plurality of groups of crushing cutter heads which are arranged in sequence.

7. A pretreatment process of traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer, which is applied to the pretreatment device of traditional Chinese medicine waste residue fermented organic fertilizer in any one of the claims 1-6, and comprises the following process steps:

s1 transportation: pouring the dregs to be treated at the bottom of the belt (13), and then conveying the dregs upwards to the top;

s2 cleaning and draining: the dregs of a decoction processed by the S1 fall into a cleaning vehicle (16), three groups of water taps (45) are started to flush the dregs of a decoction in the vehicle, water flows out from a sewage port (26) and is transferred away by a sewage discharge pipe (27), and then the vehicle waits for half an hour and drains the water on the surface of the dregs of a decoction;

s3 discharging: the cleaning vehicle (16) moves to the left side of the transition box (14), the second motor (24) drives the turnover frame (20) to turn over 180 degrees anticlockwise, and medicine residues on the filter screen (21) fall into the right end of the inner cavity (7) from the first discharge port (28);

s4 drying and conveying: the medicine residues processed by the S3 fall into the drying cylinder (1), the first motor (4) is started, the spiral conveying rod (6) is driven to work through speed reduction, the medicine residues are conveyed from right to left, the high-temperature gas conduction cavity (8) conducts heat to the inner cavity (7) in the conveying process, the moisture of the medicine residues is dried, and the medicine residues fall into the crusher (30) from the second discharge port (29);

s5 crushing: s4, after the medicine residue is processed, the medicine residue is changed into powder by the action of a ring roller blade combination (36) at the gap between a first rotating roller (31), a second rotating roller (32), a third rotating roller (33) and a fourth rotating roller (34) which rotate adjacently, and then the medicine residue falls into a material receiving groove (38) in a centralized manner;

s6 weighing and bagging: after the waste residue powder weighing sensor (39) weighs, data is recorded, the fan (40) is started again, and powder in the groove is directly blown into the material bag (43) to complete bagging.

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