CN112979155A - Eccentric optical fiber stack preparation method and device - Google Patents
Eccentric optical fiber stack preparation method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112979155A CN112979155A CN202110050939.9A CN202110050939A CN112979155A CN 112979155 A CN112979155 A CN 112979155A CN 202110050939 A CN202110050939 A CN 202110050939A CN 112979155 A CN112979155 A CN 112979155A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 210
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000012681 fiber drawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 rare earth ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/029—Furnaces therefor
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for preparing an eccentric optical fiber stack, which belong to the field of preparation of eccentric optical fibers and comprise the following steps: forming a first stack body and nesting the first stack body into an outer sleeve with a preset thickness, wherein the first stack body comprises a plurality of first capillary rods, and a plurality of second supporting capillary rods with different diameters are filled between the first stack body and the outer sleeve to form a second stack body; replacing the first capillary rod or the second supporting capillary rod at the non-central position in the second stack body one by adopting one or more third capillary rods with high refractive indexes to form an optical fiber preform rod; and carrying out optical fiber drawing on the optical fiber preform, and actively and precisely controlling gas pressure in the optical fiber drawing process to form the eccentric optical fiber. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the capillary rod with the low refractive index originally at the non-central position is replaced by the capillary rod with the high refractive index, and the punching is not needed; the position of the fiber core is flexibly adjusted by a stack method, and the wall thickness of the outer sleeve is adjusted to control the distance between the fiber core and the surface of the optical fiber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of eccentric optical fiber preparation, in particular to a method and a device for preparing an eccentric optical fiber stack.
Background
The Core of an Eccentric Core Fiber (ECF) is offset from the center of the Fiber and close to the outer cladding, and the Core and the outer cladding are asymmetric. The eccentric fiber has good polarization maintaining characteristic and non-zero cut-off characteristic, and meanwhile, as the fiber core is close to the outer surface of the fiber, when partial light in the fiber is totally reflected, the partial light cannot be totally reflected back to the fiber core of the fiber, but can escape from the cladding and propagate on the surface (called Evanescent Wave). Due to the special structure of the eccentric optical fiber, the intensity of an evanescent wave outside the cladding is very high; when other substances are attached to the surface of the optical fiber, the substances and the evanescent wave begin to interact, so that the transmission signal of the optical fiber is changed due to transmission loss and backward scattered light. An optical fiber sensor that can be used to detect a substance using this phenomenon is called an eccentric optical fiber sensor; meanwhile, when the testing method of the eccentric optical fiber and an optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) is combined together, the sensor can be used as a novel distributed sensor applied to sensing scenes with longer distance, such as detection of hazardous gas in tunnels and pipe corridors.
At present, in the conventional eccentric optical fiber preparation, an eccentric hole is usually drilled in a quartz rod, and then a high refractive index core rod is inserted to realize the preparation of a preform. The optical fiber is difficult to prepare, quartz glass is usually formed by melting at high temperature and then rapidly cooling, residual stress in the quartz glass can be caused in the process, and the stress cannot be perfectly and uniformly released in a low-temperature annealing mode, which means that local burst of the quartz glass can be caused in the punching process; the drilling of the quartz glass rod is realized by using the drill bit, the overlong drill bit can cause the low-frequency oscillation of the top of the drill bit by taking the fixed end as a central azimuth angle under the high-speed rotation, so that the drill bit gradually deviates in the drilling process, and all holes cannot be ensured to be parallel to the outer surface of the quartz glass rod; because the length of the drill bit is limited, the length of the prepared optical fiber preform is limited, the requirement of mass production of optical fibers cannot be met, although the hole length can be doubled (2 times of the length of the drill bit) by simultaneously punching from two ends of the quartz glass rod, whether the hole is parallel to the outer surface of the quartz glass rod or not and whether the holes on two sides can be coaxially aligned or not cannot be ensured, the preparation difficulty is high, and the length of the optical fiber is only in the magnitude of 10-20 cm, so that aiming at the problems, an eccentric optical fiber stack preparation method and device are urgently needed to be researched to meet the requirement of practical use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method and a device for preparing an eccentric optical fiber stack, which adopt a stack method to flexibly adjust the position of a fiber core, simultaneously can accurately control the distance between the fiber core and the surface of an optical fiber, and ensure that the production of an optical fiber preform with meter-scale length and the industrial production of the kilometer-scale eccentric optical fiber can be easily realized.
The technical problem solved by the invention can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for preparing an eccentric optical fiber stack, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, forming a first stack body, wherein the first stack body comprises a plurality of first capillary rods;
step S2, nesting the first stack body into an outer sleeve with a preset thickness, and filling a plurality of second supporting capillary rods with different diameters into a gap between the periphery of the first stack body and the outer sleeve to form a second stack body;
step S3, replacing the first capillary rod or the second supporting capillary rod at the non-central position in the second stack body one by adopting one or more third capillary rods with high refractive index to form an optical fiber prefabricated rod;
and step S4, performing optical fiber drawing on the optical fiber preform, actively and precisely controlling the gas pressure at each position in the second stack body in the optical fiber drawing process to form an eccentric optical fiber, wherein the eccentric optical fiber comprises a fiber core obtained by one or more third capillary rods positioned at non-central positions through the optical fiber drawing process, and a solid cladding obtained by eliminating gaps after the optical fiber drawing process and negative pressure control are performed on a plurality of first capillary rods and a plurality of second supporting capillary rods.
Preferably, the third capillary rod comprises a germanium element, a phosphorus element, a boron element, or a rare earth element.
Preferably, in the step S3, when the second supporting capillary rod is replaced by one or more third capillary rods with a high refractive index, the diameter of each third capillary rod is the same as the diameter of the corresponding second supporting capillary rod.
Preferably, the length of the second supporting capillary rod is the same as the length of the first capillary rod.
Preferably, the length of the third capillary rod is the same as the length of the first capillary rod.
Preferably, the predetermined thickness of the outer sleeve is [0.5mm, 10mm ].
The invention also provides an eccentric optical fiber stack preparation device, which comprises the above eccentric optical fiber stack preparation method, and the preparation device comprises:
the optical fiber stacking system is used for stacking to form a stacking body structure to obtain an optical fiber precast rod;
an optical fiber draw tower system coupled to the optical fiber stacking system for drawing an optical fiber from the optical fiber preform, the optical fiber draw tower system comprising:
a high temperature graphite furnace for melting the optical fiber preform into a bare optical fiber;
the preform feeding device is connected with a feeding port of the high-temperature graphite furnace and is used for supplying the optical fiber preform to the high-temperature furnace;
at least one coating and curing device connected with the high-temperature graphite furnace and used for coating a high polymer material on the surface of the bare optical fiber and curing to form a coated optical fiber;
the main traction system is used for adjusting the drawing speed of optical fiber drawing and the diameter of the bare optical fiber to form the optical fiber bundle;
the optical fiber steering guide wheel is respectively connected with the coating curing device and the main traction system and is used for changing the direction of the coated optical fiber and introducing the coated optical fiber into the main traction system;
the optical fiber take-up device is connected with the main traction system, and is used for enabling the optical fiber bundle to enter the optical fiber take-up device through a dancing wheel and collecting the optical fiber bundle in a take-up reel;
and the active pneumatic control unit is connected with the optical fiber drawing tower system and is used for controlling the gas pressure at each part in the second stack body in the optical fiber drawing process so as to eliminate the gap and obtain the solid cladding.
Preferably, the number of the coating and curing devices is 2, and each coating and curing device comprises:
a coating device for coating a polymer material on a surface of the bare optical fiber;
and the curing oven is connected with the coating device and is used for curing the high polymer material coated on the surface of the bare optical fiber.
Preferably, when the polymer material coated in the coating and curing device is acrylate or silicone, the thickness range of the coating layer is [50um, 150um ].
Preferably, when the polymer material coated in the coating curing apparatus is polyimide, the thickness of the coating layer ranges from [5um,30um ].
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the eccentric optical fiber is prepared by a stack method, the capillary rod with the low refractive index originally at a non-central position is replaced by the capillary rod with the high refractive index, punching is not needed, the defects that low-frequency oscillation is generated under the condition that a drill bit rotates at a high speed in the traditional punching method, the length of a hole is limited by the length of the drill bit are overcome, and simultaneously, the fiber core of the eccentric optical fiber is close to the surface of the optical fiber, so that the surface of the optical fiber is easy to crack in the punching process; the position of the fiber core is flexibly adjusted by a stack method to be positioned at any position except the central position, and meanwhile, the distance between the fiber core and the surface of the optical fiber can be accurately controlled by adjusting the wall thickness of the outer sleeve; the method can easily realize the production of the optical fiber preform rod with meter-level length and the industrial production of the eccentric optical fiber with kilometer level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing an eccentric fiber stack according to the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of an optical fiber preform according to the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an eccentric optical fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 3a is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of an optical fiber preform according to the present invention;
FIG. 3b is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of an eccentric optical fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 4a is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of an optical fiber preform according to the present invention;
FIG. 4b is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the multi-core eccentric optical fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an eccentric optical fiber stack fabricating apparatus according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
the device comprises an active pneumatic control unit (1), an optical fiber drawing tower system (2), a preform rod feeding device (21), a high-temperature graphite furnace (22), a coating and curing device (23), a coating device (231), a curing furnace (232), an optical fiber steering guide wheel (24), a main traction system (25), a main optical fiber traction wheel (251), a dancing wheel (26), an optical fiber take-up device (27), a take-up reel (271), an optical fiber preform rod (31), a bare optical fiber (32), a coated optical fiber (33), an eccentric optical fiber (34), a cladding (41), a fiber core (42), a first capillary rod (51), a third capillary rod (52), a second supporting capillary rod (53) and an outer sleeve (54).
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
The invention provides a method for preparing an eccentric optical fiber stack, which belongs to the field of optical fiber design and preparation, and as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
step S1, forming a first stack including a plurality of first capillary rods 51;
step S2, nesting the first stack body into an outer sleeve 54 with a preset thickness, and filling a plurality of second supporting capillary rods 53 with different diameters in a gap between the outer sleeve 54 and the periphery of the first stack body to form a second stack body;
step S3, replacing the first capillary rod 51 or the second supporting capillary rod 53 at the non-central position in the second stack body one by adopting one or more third capillary rods 52 with high refractive index to form an optical fiber preform;
step S4, performing optical fiber drawing on the optical fiber preform, and actively and precisely controlling the gas pressure at each location in the second stack during the optical fiber drawing process to form an eccentric optical fiber, where the eccentric optical fiber includes a fiber core 42 obtained by performing the optical fiber drawing process on one or more third capillary rods 52 located at non-central locations, and a solid cladding 41 obtained by removing gaps after performing the optical fiber drawing process and negative pressure control on the plurality of first capillary rods 51 and the plurality of second supporting capillary rods 53.
In a preferred embodiment, the third capillary rod 52 contains germanium, phosphorus, boron, or rare earth ions.
Specifically, germanium, phosphorus, boron or other rare earth ions are doped into the solid capillary rod to increase the refractive index of the fiber core 42, and the doping source is located at the center of the capillary rod.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, when the second supporting capillary rods 53 are replaced by one or more third capillary rods 52 with high refractive index, the diameter of each third capillary rod 52 is the same as the diameter of the corresponding second supporting capillary rod 53.
In a preferred embodiment, the length of the second support capillary rod 53 is the same as the length of the first capillary rod 51.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the second supporting capillary rod 53 is located between the outer sleeve 54 and the first capillary rod 51, and the germanium-doped capillary rod, in order to keep the structural balance between the quartz rod and the quartz tube, the gap between the outer sleeve 54 and the capillary rod is filled up to prevent the relative position from being displaced, the second supporting capillary rod 53 for supporting the structure has three different diameters, but the lengths of the two rods are the same as the length of the first capillary rod 51, and the gap between the outer sleeve 54 and the hexagonal stack in the optical fiber preform is filled up, and generally, the diameter of the second supporting capillary rod 53 is relatively small, that is, the diameter of the second supporting capillary rod 53 is smaller than the diameter of the first capillary rod 51.
In a preferred embodiment, the length of the third capillary rod 52 is the same as the length of the first capillary rod 51.
In a preferred embodiment, the first capillary rod has a length of [10cm, 150cm ].
In a preferred embodiment, the predetermined thickness of the outer sleeve 54 is [0.5mm, 10mm ].
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the wall thickness of the outer sleeve 54 can be adjusted, and the wall thickness and diameter of the outer sleeve 54 determine the distance from the core 42 to the outer surface of the optical fiber, and in a preferred embodiment, the distance from the core 42 to the outer surface of the optical fiber is [2um, 10um ].
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2a, the number of germanium-doped capillary rods is 1, and the number of first capillary rods 51 is 36, in which case the diameter of first capillary rods 51 can be increased so that the number of first capillary rods 51 is less than 36, and the diameter of first capillary rods 51 can be decreased so that the number of first capillary rods 51 is greater than 36, and the diameters and lengths of all first capillary rods 51 are the same.
Hereinafter, three specific examples are provided to further illustrate and explain the present technical solution:
the first embodiment is as follows: a germanium-doped capillary rod is used to replace the first capillary rod 51 as the fiber core 42
As shown in fig. 2a and 2b, a plurality of first capillary rods 51 with the same diameter and length are stacked into a first stack body with a regular hexagonal structure, then one of the first capillary rods 51 of the first stack body is replaced by a germanium-doped capillary rod, the replaced first capillary rod 51 is located at a non-central position of the first stack body, for example, one capillary rod at the outermost layer of the first stack body is replaced by a germanium-doped capillary rod, the stack body formed after the replacement is inserted into an outer sleeve 54, wherein the germanium-doped capillary rod is close to the outer wall of the outer sleeve 54, a plurality of second supporting capillary rods 53 with different diameters are inserted from one end of the outer sleeve 54 to fill a gap between the inner wall of the outer sleeve 54 and the stack body, the length of the second supporting capillary rods 53 is the same as the length of the general first capillary rod 51, and at this time, the first capillary rods 51, the germanium-doped capillary rods and the stack body are all the same length, The second capillary support rod 53 and the outer sleeve 54 are filled in the end faces of the two ends of the whole optical fiber perform, the optical fiber drawing is carried out on the prepared optical fiber perform, and the extraction negative pressure control is carried out on the quartz solid cladding 41 formed by the first capillary support rod 51, the second capillary support rod 53 and the outer sleeve 54, so as to eliminate the gaps among the capillary rods, such as the gap between the first capillary support rod 51 and the first capillary support rod 51, the gap between the first capillary support rod 51 and the germanium-doped capillary support rod, and the gap between the capillary support rod and the outer sleeve 54, and enable the cladding 41 to be completely changed into a solid core structure.
Example two: the second support capillary rod 53 is replaced by a germanium-doped capillary rod to be used as the fiber core 42
As shown in fig. 3a and 3b, a plurality of first capillary rods 51 of the same diameter and length are stacked to form a first stack of a regular hexagonal structure, the first stack is inserted into an outer sleeve 54, and a second supporting capillary rod 53 of three different diameters is inserted from one end of the outer sleeve 54 to fill a gap between an inner wall of the outer sleeve 54 and the stack, the length of the second supporting capillary rod 53 is the same as that of a general first capillary rod 51, and then one of the filled second supporting capillary rods 53 is replaced with one germanium-doped capillary rod, the diameter of the germanium-doped capillary rod is the same as that of the replaced second supporting capillary rod 53, the length of the germanium-doped capillary rod is the same as that of the general first capillary rod 51, since the second supporting capillary rod 53 is used to fill between the outer periphery of the first stack and the outer sleeve 54, at this time, the germanium-doped capillary rod serves as the core 42, and drawing the optical fiber on the prepared optical fiber preform closer to the outer wall of the outer sleeve 54, and simultaneously controlling the extraction negative pressure of the quartz solid core cladding 41 formed by the first capillary rod 51, the second supporting capillary rod 53 and the outer sleeve 54 to eliminate the gaps among the capillary rods, such as the gap between the first capillary rod 51 and the first capillary rod 51, the gap between the first capillary rod 51 and the germanium-doped capillary rod, and the gap between the capillary rods and the outer sleeve 54, so that the cladding 41 is completely changed into a solid core structure, and the diameter of the germanium-doped quartz fiber core 42 is smaller and closer to the outer surface of the optical fiber.
Example three: multiple germanium-doped capillary rods are used as the multiple fiber cores 42 instead of multiple capillary rods
As shown in fig. 4a and 4b, a plurality of first capillary rods 51 with the same diameter and length are stacked to form a first stack body with a regular hexagonal structure, and then a plurality of germanium-doped capillary rods are used to replace a corresponding number of first capillary rods 51 in the first stack body, in this embodiment, the number of the replaced first capillary rods 51 is two, neither of the two replaced first capillary rods 51 is located at a non-central position of the first stack body, a second supporting capillary rod 53 with three different diameters is inserted from one end of an outer sleeve 54, so as to fill a gap between the inner wall of the outer sleeve 54 and the stack body, the length of the second supporting capillary rod 53 is the same as the length of a general first capillary rod 51, the prepared optical fiber preform is drawn, and simultaneously, the extraction negative pressure control is performed on a quartz cladding 41 formed by the first capillary rod 51, the second supporting capillary rod 53 and the outer sleeve 54, so as to eliminate the gaps between the capillary rods, such as between the first capillary rod 51 and the first capillary rod 51, between the first capillary rod 51 and the germanium-doped capillary rod, and between the capillary rods and the outer sleeve 54, so that the cladding 41 becomes a solid core structure completely.
The present invention also provides an eccentric optical fiber stack manufacturing apparatus, including the above-mentioned eccentric optical fiber stack manufacturing method, as shown in fig. 5, the manufacturing apparatus includes:
an optical fiber stacking system (not shown) for stacking to form a stacked structure, obtaining an optical fiber preform 31;
an optical fiber drawing tower system 2, connected to an optical fiber stacking system, for drawing an optical fiber preform 31, the optical fiber drawing tower system 2 comprising:
a high temperature graphite furnace 22 for melting the optical fiber preform 31 into a bare optical fiber 32;
a preform feeding device 21 connected to a feeding port of the high temperature graphite furnace 22 for supplying the optical fiber preform 31 to the high temperature furnace;
at least one coating and curing device 23 connected to the high temperature graphite furnace 22 for coating the surface of the bare optical fiber 32 with a polymer material and curing to form a coated optical fiber;
a main drawing system 25, wherein the main drawing system 25 is used for adjusting the drawing speed of the optical fiber drawing and the diameter of the bare optical fiber 32 to form an optical fiber bundle;
a fiber turning guide wheel 24 respectively connected with the coating curing device 23 and the main traction system 25,
for changing the direction of the coated fiber and introducing it into the main drawing system;
an optical fiber take-up device 27 connected with the main traction system 25, for the optical fiber bundle to enter the optical fiber take-up device 27 through a dancing wheel 26 and to be collected in a take-up reel 271;
and the active pneumatic control unit 1 is connected with the optical fiber drawing tower system 2 and is used for controlling the gas pressure at each part in the second stack body in the optical fiber drawing process so as to eliminate the gap and obtain a solid cladding.
Specifically, the preparation device comprises an optical fiber stacking system for forming a stacking structure, a multi-channel active pneumatic control unit 1 capable of actively and precisely controlling negative pressure applied in the stacking structure in the optical fiber preform rod 31 in the optical fiber drawing process so as to reduce gaps among capillary rods, and an optical fiber drawing tower system 2 for drawing the optical fiber of the optical fiber preform rod 31;
the optical fiber drawing tower system 2 comprises a preform rod feeding device 21, a high-temperature furnace 22, 1-5 coating and curing devices 23, an optical fiber steering guide wheel 24, a main traction system 25 with a main optical fiber traction wheel 251 capable of adjusting the drawing speed and the diameter of a bare optical fiber 32, a dancing wheel 26 and a finished optical fiber take-up device 27 with a take-up reel 271.
The invention stacks fiber cores 42 and capillary tubes 42 into a stack body through an optical fiber stack system, fills and supports an optical fiber perform 31 obtained by a capillary rod, provides the optical fiber perform 31 to a high temperature furnace 22 through a perform feeding device 21, the high temperature furnace 22 fuses the optical fiber perform 31 into filaments to form a bare optical fiber 32, a coating and solidifying device 23 coats a high molecular material on the surface of the bare optical fiber 32 and solidifies the bare optical fiber to form a coated optical fiber 33, the coated optical fiber 33 enters a main traction system 25 after passing through an optical fiber steering guide wheel 24, a main optical fiber traction wheel 251 in the main traction system 25 changes the diameter of the coated optical fiber 33 to obtain an eccentric optical fiber 34, the eccentric optical fiber 34 passes through a dancing wheel 26 and is collected by a take-up reel 271 in a finished optical fiber take-up device 27, and controls the gas pressure at each position of the optical fiber through a multi-channel active pneumatic control unit 1 in, to obtain the actually required eccentric optical fiber 34;
in a preferred embodiment, the number of coating and curing devices 23 is 2, and each coating and curing device 23 comprises:
a coating device 231 for coating a polymer material on the surface of the bare fiber 32;
the curing oven 232 is connected to the coating device, and is used for curing the polymer material coated on the surface of the bare fiber 32.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the number of the coating and curing devices 23 is 2, and the process of coating and curing the polymer material is repeated twice for the melted bare optical fiber 32.
In a preferred embodiment, the number of coating and curing devices is 2, and each coating and curing device comprises:
a coating device for coating a polymer material on a surface of a bare fiber;
and the curing oven is connected with the coating device and is used for curing the polymer material coated on the surface of the bare optical fiber.
In the above preferred embodiment, when the polymer material coated in the coating and curing device 23 is polyimide with high temperature resistance (300 ℃), the thickness of the coating layer is [5um,30um ], polyimide is selected as the polymer material, so that the prepared eccentric optical fiber 34 can be ensured to normally work for a long time in an environment with a temperature below 300 ℃ and be used for a short time in an environment with a temperature below 400 ℃;
when the polymer material coated in the coating curing device is acrylate or silica gel, the thickness of the coating layer is in the range of [50um, 150um ].
It should be noted that the optical fiber stacking system can be realized by conventional technology, any system capable of arranging all fiber cores 42, all capillary tubes 42 and quartz supporting capillary rods into a stacking structure can be adopted, the multi-channel active air control unit 1 adopts the prior art, and the specific value of the gas pressure at each position in the stacking structure in the optical fiber preform rod 31 controlled by the multi-channel active air control unit 1 is determined according to the space between the fiber cores 42, the size of the fiber cores 42 and the like required by the multi-core eccentric optical fiber 34 to be prepared; the preform feeding device 21, the high-temperature graphite furnace 22, the coater 231, the curing furnace 232, the optical fiber steering guide wheel 24, the main traction system 25, the dancing wheel 26 and the finished optical fiber take-up device 27 in the optical fiber drawing tower system 2 all adopt the prior art; the operating temperature of the high temperature furnace 22, the curing temperature of the curing furnace 232 and other required process parameters are the same as or properly adjusted according to the process parameters used in the conventional optical fiber drawing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the eccentric optical fiber is prepared by a stack method, the capillary rod with the low refractive index originally at a non-central position is replaced by the capillary rod with the high refractive index, punching is not needed, the defects that low-frequency oscillation is generated under the condition that a drill bit rotates at a high speed in the traditional punching method, the length of a hole is limited by the length of the drill bit are overcome, and simultaneously, the fiber core of the eccentric optical fiber is close to the surface of the optical fiber, so that the surface of the optical fiber is easy to crack in the punching process; the position of the fiber core is flexibly adjusted by a stack method to be positioned at any position except the central position, and meanwhile, the distance between the fiber core and the surface of the optical fiber can be accurately controlled by adjusting the wall thickness of the outer sleeve; the method can easily realize the production of the optical fiber preform rod with meter-level length and the industrial production of the eccentric optical fiber with kilometer level.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of fabricating an eccentric optical fiber stack, comprising:
step S1, forming a first stack body, wherein the first stack body comprises a plurality of first capillary rods;
step S2, nesting the first stack body into an outer sleeve with a preset thickness, and filling a plurality of second supporting capillary rods with different diameters into a gap between the periphery of the first stack body and the outer sleeve to form a second stack body;
step S3, replacing the first capillary rod or the second supporting capillary rod at the non-central position in the second stack body one by adopting one or more third capillary rods with high refractive index to form an optical fiber preform rod;
and step S4, performing optical fiber drawing on the optical fiber preform, actively and precisely controlling the gas pressure at each position in the second stack body in the optical fiber drawing process to form an eccentric optical fiber, wherein the eccentric optical fiber comprises a fiber core obtained by one or more third capillary rods positioned at non-central positions through the optical fiber drawing process, and a solid cladding obtained by eliminating gaps after the optical fiber drawing process and negative pressure control are performed on a plurality of first capillary rods and a plurality of second supporting capillary rods.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the third capillary rod contains a germanium element, a phosphorus element, a boron element, or a rare earth element.
3. The method for preparing a capillary tube according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, when the second supporting capillary rods are replaced with one or more third capillary rods with high refractive index, the diameter of each third capillary rod is the same as the diameter of the corresponding second supporting capillary rod.
4. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the length of the second supporting capillary rod is the same as the length of the first capillary rod.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the length of the third capillary rod is the same as the length of the first capillary rod.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined thickness of the outer jacket tube is [0.5mm, 10mm ].
7. An eccentric optical fiber stack fabricating apparatus comprising an eccentric optical fiber stack fabricating method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fabricating apparatus comprises:
the optical fiber stacking system is used for stacking to form a stacking body structure so as to obtain an optical fiber prefabricated rod;
an optical fiber draw tower system coupled to the optical fiber stacking system for drawing an optical fiber from the optical fiber preform, the optical fiber draw tower system comprising:
a high temperature graphite furnace for melting the optical fiber preform into a bare optical fiber;
the preform feeding device is connected with a feeding port of the high-temperature graphite furnace and is used for supplying the optical fiber preform to the high-temperature furnace;
at least one coating and curing device connected with the high-temperature graphite furnace and used for coating a high polymer material on the surface of the bare optical fiber and curing to form a coated optical fiber;
the main traction system is used for adjusting the drawing speed of optical fiber drawing and the diameter of the bare optical fiber to form the optical fiber bundle;
the optical fiber steering guide wheel is respectively connected with the coating curing device and the main traction system and is used for changing the direction of the coated optical fiber and introducing the coated optical fiber into the main traction system;
the optical fiber take-up device is connected with the main traction system, and is used for enabling the optical fiber bundle to enter the optical fiber take-up device through a dancing wheel and collecting the optical fiber bundle in a take-up reel;
and the active pneumatic control unit is connected with the optical fiber drawing tower system and is used for controlling the gas pressure at each part in the second stack body in the optical fiber drawing process so as to eliminate the gap and obtain the solid cladding.
8. The manufacturing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the number of the coating and curing devices is 2, and each of the coating and curing devices respectively includes:
a coating device for coating a polymer material on a surface of the bare optical fiber;
and the curing oven is connected with the coating device and is used for curing the high polymer material coated on the surface of the bare optical fiber.
9. The manufacturing method according to claim 7, wherein when the polymer material coated in the coating curing apparatus is acrylate or silicone, the thickness of the coating layer is in a range of [50um, 150um ].
10. The manufacturing method according to claim 7, wherein when the polymer material coated in the coating curing apparatus is polyimide, the thickness of the coating layer is in a range of [5um,30um ].
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