CN111487722A - Eight-core optical fiber multiplexing demultiplexer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Eight-core optical fiber multiplexing demultiplexer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111487722A CN111487722A CN202010311000.9A CN202010311000A CN111487722A CN 111487722 A CN111487722 A CN 111487722A CN 202010311000 A CN202010311000 A CN 202010311000A CN 111487722 A CN111487722 A CN 111487722A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
- G02B6/2551—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding using thermal methods, e.g. fusion welding by arc discharge, laser beam, plasma torch
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/255—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding
- G02B6/2552—Splicing of light guides, e.g. by fusion or bonding reshaping or reforming of light guides for coupling using thermal heating, e.g. tapering, forming of a lens on light guide ends
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/3628—Mechanical coupling means for mounting fibres to supporting carriers
- G02B6/3632—Mechanical coupling means for mounting fibres to supporting carriers characterised by the cross-sectional shape of the mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/3644—Mechanical coupling means for mounting fibres to supporting carriers characterised by the cross-sectional shape of the mechanical coupling means the coupling means being through-holes or wall apertures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/40—Mechanical coupling means having fibre bundle mating means
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Abstract
The invention discloses an eight-core optical fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of optical transmission devices.A hole is punched on a pure silicon dioxide solid rod according to the distribution of a fiber core of an eight-core optical fiber to be matched, the punched solid rod is drawn to prepare an eight-hole capillary glass sleeve, eight single-core optical fibers are inserted into the cleaned eight-hole capillary glass sleeve one by one, and primary tapering is carried out to fix the eight single-core optical fibers by the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve; then, carrying out secondary tapering to reduce the geometric dimensions of the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles until the geometric distribution and the dimension of each single-core optical fiber bundle at the taper waist are consistent with those of the eight-core optical fibers to be matched; cutting at the waist of the cone, aligning and welding with the eight-core optical fiber to be matched, and packaging all bare fiber parts after welding. The low-insertion-loss low-crosstalk connection between eight single-core optical fibers and a single eight-core optical fiber is realized, and the multiplexing and demultiplexing of optical signals in the eight-core optical fibers are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical transmission devices, and particularly relates to an eight-core optical fiber multiplexing demultiplexer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In an optical communication network, space division multiplexing optical fibers can bring about magnitude order improvement to the transmission capacity of a single optical fiber, break through the traditional shannon limit, and realize transmission with higher bandwidth, so that the space division multiplexing optical fibers are widely concerned and researched. The multi-core fiber is a space division multiplexing fiber, and under the condition that the size of a cladding of the single-mode fiber is basically consistent with or slightly larger than that of the cladding of the single-mode fiber, the multi-core fiber contains a plurality of fiber cores, so that the transmission capacity of a single fiber is obviously improved. In data centers and high-performance computing systems, optical interconnection technology is widely applied to solve the huge demand of high bandwidth and high density interconnection, and data centers of some large internet companies abroad adopt thousands of cores of optical cables to realize high density interconnection of the data centers. However, the optical cable with such a large number of cores has a large volume, and the number of optical fibers connected to the front panel is large, so that the whole space looks complicated and bloated, and it is not known which optical fiber connects which two racks. To improve the system bandwidth and the complexity of dense cabling, multi-core fibers are a very promising solution. However, at the optical signal input end and the receiving end, the light source cannot be directly coupled into each fiber core of the multi-core fiber, and the optical signal in each fiber core of the multi-core fiber cannot be directly output to each optical detector. The multi-core optical fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device can solve the problem of connection among the multi-core optical fiber, the light source and the detector. In order to apply the multi-core optical fiber product to a high-capacity high-speed transmission system, a high-capacity high-density interconnected data center and a high-performance computing system, the coordination of a multi-core optical fiber multiplexer-demultiplexer cannot be separated.
The multi-core optical fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device is a device for connecting a single multi-core optical fiber and a plurality of single-core optical fibers, can realize the connection of the single multi-core optical fiber and the plurality of single-core optical fibers with the same core number as the single multi-core optical fiber, and realizes the multiplexing or demultiplexing function. With the optical fiber multiplexing device, a plurality of optical signals can be simultaneously multiplexed into each fiber core of the multi-core optical fiber through the single-mode optical fiber, and the signals in each fiber core of the multi-core optical fiber are demultiplexed into the corresponding single-mode optical fiber at the tail end of a transmission system and then input into an optical detector, so that the practical application of the multi-core optical fiber becomes possible. The size of the insertion loss of each core of the multiplexer-demultiplexer and the crosstalk between the cores are the most critical indexes. If the insertion loss per core is too large, the loss in the link will be twice the insertion loss of the demultiplexer, and the link loss of the whole system is budget, and if the link loss does not have so much redundancy, the system will not operate normally. If the crosstalk between cores is too large, signals in each fiber core can affect the peripheral cores, increase the noise of channels and reduce the transmission performance of the system. Therefore, how to realize the multi-core optical fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device with low insertion loss and low crosstalk is a manufacturing difficulty of the multi-core optical fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device.
Optical module light sources used in optical fiber communication systems and data centers generally have two output modes, one is a duplex scheme in which two single-mode fiber outputs are connected through an L C connector, and the other is a parallel transmission scheme in which eight single-mode fiber outputs are connected through an MPO connector.
Chinese patent 201510110419.7 teaches a multi-core optical fiber connection structure, which uses connection optical fibers with the same number and distribution as the cores of the multi-core optical fibers, and an optical fiber capillary and an optical fiber elastic sleeve sleeved outside the connection optical fibers and the multi-core optical fibers, wherein when the multi-core optical fiber capillary is tightly abutted against the connection optical fiber capillary, the multi-core optical fibers are butted against the connection optical fibers by rotating the connection optical fibers. The method is complex to operate and has higher requirement on the precision of the optical fiber capillary outside the connecting optical fiber and the multi-core optical fiber. The optical fiber alignment connection is realized by rotation and point gluing fixation, and the alignment precision and reliability of the device are poor.
Chinese patent 201510691273.X provides a method for preparing a multi-core fiber coupler based on micro-hole processing, which is to insert a single-mode fiber and a multi-core fiber, which are subjected to corrosion treatment, into a cylindrical sleeve, which is treated in a mechanical drilling or laser drilling manner, respectively, to achieve alignment by an alignment platform, and then to fix the single-mode fiber and the multi-core fiber by glue to achieve preparation of a multi-core fiber multiplexer/demultiplexer. The method needs to carry out corrosion treatment on the single-mode optical fiber, is troublesome to operate, needs to accurately punch a plurality of holes with the size of about hundred micrometers in a cylinder sleeve with a smaller size, has very high requirement on punching, determines the loss and the alignment precision of the multiplexing and demultiplexing device by punching precision, realizes optical fiber alignment connection by an alignment platform and spot gluing fixation, and has poor alignment precision and reliability of devices.
Chinese patent CN201610328915.4 provides a method for preparing a multi-core fiber coupler, which comprises inserting a plurality of corroded single-mode fiber bundles with coating layers removed into a circular sleeve, tapering the sleeve with oxyhydrogen flame to make the diameter of the waist part consistent with that of the multi-core fiber cladding, cutting and polishing the lumbar part, and finally directly welding with the multi-core fiber. The preparation method needs to corrode the single-mode optical fiber, is troublesome to operate, and the arrangement of the multi-core optical fiber needs to be annular, and the number of the annular turns cannot be too many, otherwise, after the corroded single-mode optical fiber bundle is inserted into the single-hole circular sleeve and tapered, the natural arrangement of the optical fiber bundle cannot be guaranteed to be completely the same as the arrangement of the multi-core optical fiber each time.
Chinese patent CN201811089100.04 provides a method for manufacturing a multi-core fiber coupler, which comprises inserting a plurality of single-mode fiber bundles without coating layers into a circular sleeve, tapering to fix the single-mode fiber bundle by the circular sleeve, tapering the tapered region once to make the diameter of the waist part consistent with that of the multi-core fiber cladding, and cutting the lumbar part and then directly welding the waist part with the multi-core fiber bundle. The preparation method is simple to operate, high in precision and high in yield, but the arrangement of the multi-core optical fibers is required to be annular, the number of annular turns cannot be too many, otherwise, after the single-mode optical fiber bundle is inserted into the single-hole circular sleeve and tapered, the natural arrangement of the optical fiber bundle cannot be guaranteed to be completely the same as the arrangement of the multi-core optical fibers each time. Because the diameter of the cladding of the single-mode optical fiber bundle used by the method is 125um, the tapering ratio of the last tapering is usually larger, and the diameter of the tapered waist part is consistent with that of the cladding of the multi-core optical fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or the improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides an eight-core optical fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device and a preparation method thereof, so that the technical problem of how to realize the eight-core optical fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device with low insertion loss and low crosstalk is solved, the connection with low insertion loss and low crosstalk between eight single-core optical fibers and a single eight-core optical fiber is realized, and the multiplexing and demultiplexing of signals in the eight-core optical fibers are realized.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing an eight-core optical fiber multiplexer/demultiplexer, including:
inserting eight single-core optical fibers into a capillary glass sleeve with eight holes, wherein the tail ends of the optical fibers are exposed after the eight single-core optical fibers are inserted, and the distribution of the eight holes in the capillary glass sleeve and the distribution of fiber cores of the eight-core optical fibers to be matched are in an equal proportion amplification relation;
performing primary tapering to fix the eight single-core optical fibers by the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve so that the distribution of the eight single-core optical fiber bundles and the fiber core distribution of the eight single-core optical fibers to be matched are still in an equal proportion amplification relationship;
performing secondary tapering to uniformly reduce the geometric dimensions of the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles until the geometric distribution and the dimension of each single-core optical fiber bundle at the taper waist are consistent with those of the eight-core optical fibers to be matched;
and cutting the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles subjected to the secondary tapering at the waist of the taper, aligning and welding the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles with the eight-core optical fibers to be matched, and packaging all bare fiber parts after welding.
Preferably, the geometric distribution and size of each single-core optical fiber bundle at the taper waist after the secondary tapering is finished are consistent with those of the eight-core optical fiber to be matched, and the method includes:
the core space between the single-core optical fiber bundles and the distance from the center of each fiber core to the center of the capillary glass sleeve are consistent with the core space in the eight-core optical fiber to be matched and the distance from the center of each fiber core to the center of the eight-core optical fiber.
Preferably, before the inserting the eight single core optical fibers into the capillary glass sleeve with eight holes, the method further comprises the preparation of the capillary glass sleeve with eight holes:
punching holes on the pure silica solid rod according to the fiber core distribution of the eight-core optical fiber to be matched, wherein the geometric distribution of the holes is the same as that of each fiber core in the eight-core optical fiber to be matched, and the proportion of the hole spacing and the distance from the hole center to the center of the solid rod is the same as that of each core spacing and the distance from the fiber core center to the center of the optical fiber in the eight-core optical fiber to be matched;
drawing the solid rod after punching to prepare an eight-hole capillary glass sleeve, and introducing argon into the solid rod in the drawing process to ensure the shape of the holes after drawing;
and cutting the capillary glass tube into small sections with the length of 8-25 cm after the wire drawing is finished.
Preferably, the geometric distribution of each hole of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve and the geometric distribution of each fiber core in the eight-core optical fiber to be matched are both in annular distribution, and the ratio of the hole spacing on the pure silica solid rod to the distance from the hole center to the center of the solid rod is the same as the ratio of the core spacing of the annular eight-core optical fiber to the distance from the core center to the center of the eight-core optical fiber.
Preferably, the geometric distribution of each hole of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve and the geometric distribution of each fiber core in the eight-core optical fiber to be matched are both rectangular distribution, and the ratio of the transverse hole spacing to the longitudinal hole spacing on the pure silica solid rod is the same as the ratio of the transverse core spacing to the longitudinal core spacing of the rectangular eight-core optical fiber.
Preferably, the inserting of the eight single core optical fibers into the capillary glass sleeve with eight holes comprises:
cleaning the inner hole of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve, and inserting eight single-core optical fibers into the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve through a fiber inserting device, wherein the fiber inserting device comprises a vertical guide rail, a supporting frame, a three-dimensional adjusting frame, a first clamp, a second clamp and an imaging module; the support frame and the three-dimensional adjusting frame are clamped on the vertical guide rail, the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve is arranged on the support frame along the direction of the vertical guide rail and is fixed by the first clamp, a single-core optical fiber is arranged on the three-dimensional adjusting frame along the direction of the vertical guide rail and is fixed by the second clamp, the three-dimensional adjusting frame is moved towards the support frame on the vertical guide rail, so that the left end surface of the single-core optical fiber is positioned at a preset position away from the right end surface of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve, the imaging module is used for observing the relative positions of the hole on the right end surface of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve and the single-core optical fiber, the x-axis knob, the y-axis knob and the z-axis knob of the three-dimensional adjusting frame are adjusted, a certain hole of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve and the single-core optical fiber are completely aligned and are close to the position on the z-axis, and the z-, and sending the single-core optical fiber into a certain hole of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve along the direction of the vertical guide rail, opening the second clamp, moving out the single-core optical fiber, putting a second single-core optical fiber, fixing by using the second clamp, inserting the second single-core optical fiber into the second hole of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve according to the same mode, and sequentially inserting all the eight single-core optical fibers into the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve.
Preferably, if the difference between the outer diameter of the cladding of the single-core optical fiber and the inner diameter of the hole of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve is larger than 10um, the capillary glass sleeve needs to be pre-tapered, so that the inner diameter of the hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cladding of the single-core optical fiber by 5-10 um; if the difference between the outer diameter of the cladding of the single-core optical fiber and the inner diameter of the capillary glass sleeve is less than or equal to 10 mu m, pre-tapering is not needed.
Preferably, the outer diameter d of the cladding of the single core optical fiber is as follows: d is less than or equal to 125 +/-1 um.
Preferably, the diameter D of the pure silicon dioxide solid rod is between 20mm and 80mm, and the diameter of a punched hole is between 2.1 mm and 20 mm.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an eight-core optical fiber demultiplexer obtained by the method for manufacturing an eight-core optical fiber demultiplexer according to any one of the above aspects.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
1. the single-core optical fiber bundle with the bare fiber outer diameter d less than or equal to 125 +/-1 um is prepared, the geometrical sizes of the taper waist part and the eight-core optical fiber can be consistent under the condition that the tapering ratio of the secondary tapering is smaller, so that the waveguide size reduction amount of the single-core optical fiber before and after tapering is reduced, less light energy is leaked from the waveguide to the cladding or other fiber cores, and the loss of the multiplexing demultiplexer and the crosstalk between the cores are reduced.
2. Adopt eight hole capillary glass pipes preparation eight core optical fiber multiplexing demultiplexer, eight hole capillary glass pipes are accomplished through drawing wire after punching on big solid stick, and the size of punching is big more, and the precision is higher, has guaranteed the precision of the position of mesopore and size in the capillary glass pipe after the wire drawing like this to geometrical arrangement and position between the single core optical fiber before having guaranteed the broach, make the position of single core optical fiber after the broach more unanimous with the position of a plurality of cores in the eight core optical fiber, coupler whole loss is lower. The loss of each core of the annular eight-core optical fiber multiplexing demultiplexer prepared by the method is less than 1.2dB, and preferably, the loss of each core is less than 0.8 dB. The rectangular eight-core fiber optic demultiplexer has a loss per core of less than 1.3dB, preferably less than 1.0 dB.
3. The method is suitable for eight-core optical fibers in various distributions, and the optical fibers cannot be inserted into the single-hole sleeve tube through self-stacking of the optical fibers under many conditions so that the arrangement of the optical fibers naturally meets the requirement of the arrangement of the eight-core optical fibers.
4. Aiming at the difficulty of inserting single-core optical fibers into a capillary glass tube one by one, the fiber inserting device is designed, the single-core optical fibers can be conveniently, quickly and accurately sent into each inner hole of the capillary glass tube one by one, and the work of inserting the fibers, which is time-consuming, labor-consuming and difficult, becomes simple and quick.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing an eight-core optical fiber multiplexer/demultiplexer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a ring-shaped eight-core optical fiber multiplexer/demultiplexer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rectangular eight-core optical fiber multiplexer/demultiplexer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a geometric schematic diagram of an annular eight-hole capillary glass sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a geometric schematic diagram of a rectangular eight-hole capillary glass sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a fiber insertion device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the three-dimensional adjusting device comprises a vertical guide rail 1, a supporting frame 2, a three-dimensional adjusting frame 3, a first clamp 4, a second clamp 5, a camera 6, an eight-hole capillary glass tube 7, a single-core optical fiber 8, an x-axis knob of the three-dimensional adjusting frame 9, a y-axis knob of the three-dimensional adjusting frame 10 and a z-axis knob of the three-dimensional adjusting frame 11.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing an eight-core optical fiber multiplexer/demultiplexer according to an embodiment of the present invention, including the following steps:
s1: punching holes on a pure silica solid rod according to the fiber core distribution of eight-core optical fibers to be matched, wherein the geometric distribution of each hole is the same as that of each fiber core in the eight-core optical fibers to be matched, the hole spacing and the distance between the hole center and the circle center of the solid rod are the same as those of the fiber core spacing and the distance between the fiber core center and the circle center of the optical fibers in the eight-core optical fibers to be matched, drawing the solid rod after punching, preparing an eight-hole capillary glass sleeve, and cutting the capillary glass sleeve into required section lengths;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the eight holes in the capillary glass sleeve are distributed in a ring shape or in a rectangular shape or in other distribution, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the exclusive use.
S2: inserting eight single-core optical fibers into the cleaned eight-hole capillary glass sleeve, wherein the distribution of eight holes in the capillary glass sleeve is the same as the distribution of fiber cores of the eight-core optical fibers to be matched;
in the embodiment of the invention, the inner diameter of the hole of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve is about 100um, and the outer diameter d of the cladding of the single-core optical fiber is as follows: d is less than or equal to 125 +/-1 um. When the outer diameter of the cladding of the single-core optical fiber is less than 90um, the capillary glass sleeve needs to be pre-tapered before insertion.
S3: performing primary tapering to fix the eight single-core optical fibers by the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve, so that the distribution of the eight single-core optical fiber bundles is the same as the distribution of fiber cores of the eight single-core optical fibers to be matched and is still in an equal proportion amplification relationship;
s4: performing secondary tapering to uniformly reduce the geometric dimensions of the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles until the geometric distribution and the dimension of each single-core optical fiber bundle at the taper waist are consistent with those of the eight-core optical fibers to be matched;
s5: and cutting the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles subjected to the secondary tapering at the waist of the taper, aligning and welding the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles with the eight-core optical fibers to be matched, and packaging all bare fiber parts after welding.
In the embodiment of the invention, after cutting at the position of the cone waist, the geometric distribution and the size of the single-core optical fiber bundle on the cross section of the single-core optical fiber bundle are consistent with the core spacing and the distance from the center of the fiber core to the center of the capillary glass sleeve, the core spacing in the eight-core optical fiber and the distance from the center of each fiber core to the center of the eight-core optical fiber, as shown in fig. 2 and 3. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prepared ring-shaped eight-core optical fiber multiplexer/demultiplexer according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rectangular eight-core optical fiber multiplexer/demultiplexer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, a welding machine with an end face rotation alignment function can be adopted to align and weld the cut capillary glass sleeve and the optical fiber bundle with the eight-core optical fiber.
In the embodiment of the invention, all bare fiber parts can be packaged and protected by using a metal sleeve or a packaging box. According to the technical scheme, eight holes consistent with the arrangement mode of the annular or rectangular eight-core optical fibers are formed in the capillary glass sleeve, the capillary glass sleeve is realized by arranging and punching the annular or rectangular eight holes on a solid rod with a larger diameter and then drawing the solid rod on a drawing tower, and particularly, the capillary glass sleeve can be realized by the following modes:
and punching holes on the pure silica solid rod with the diameter of D according to the arrangement of the eight-core optical fibers, wherein D is between 20 and 80 mm. In a circular or rectangular arrangement, as shown in fig. 4 or 5, for example. For the annular arrangement, the ratio of the hole spacing A to the distance B from the hole center to the circle center of the solid rod is the same as the ratio of the core spacing a of the annular eight-core optical fiber to the distance B from the core center to the circle center of the optical fiber; for a rectangular arrangement, the ratio of the transverse hole pitch a to the longitudinal hole pitch B is the same as the ratio of the transverse core pitch a to the longitudinal core pitch B of a rectangular eight-core fiber. The diameter d of the holes is 2.1-20 mm. And drawing the glass sleeve with eight holes on a drawing tower after punching is finished, and drawing the glass sleeve with eight holes into an eight-hole capillary glass tube with the outer diameter of 400-1250 um and the inner diameter of the hole of about 100 um. Argon is introduced into the prefabricated rod in the wire drawing process so as to ensure the shape of the hole after wire drawing. And cutting the capillary glass tube into small sections with the length of 15-25 cm after the wire drawing is finished.
And cleaning the inner hole of the eight-hole capillary glass tube by adopting a vacuum pump device or an ultrasonic cleaning device. For the condition that the outer diameter d of the single-core optical fiber is less than 90um, the capillary glass tube needs to be pre-tapered, and the inner diameter of the hole is slightly larger than d by about 5-10 um.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, by taking the preparation of a ring-shaped eight-core optical fiber multiplexer/demultiplexer and a rectangular eight-core optical fiber multiplexer/demultiplexer as examples. It should be noted that this embodiment is only an optional implementation manner, and may also be used to prepare eight-core optical fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing devices in other arrangements, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited uniquely.
The first embodiment is as follows: preparation of ring-shaped eight-core optical fiber multiplexing demultiplexer
The core spacing a of the annular eight-core optical fiber is 31 +/-0.5 um, the distance b from the center of each core to the center of the optical fiber is about 40.5 +/-0.5 um, and the outer diameter of the cladding of the optical fiber is 125 +/-0.7 um.
Preparation of annular eight-hole capillary glass sleeve:
and (3) punching holes on a pure silica solid rod with the diameter D of 25-30 mm according to the arrangement of the annular eight-core optical fibers, as shown in figure 4. The hole spacing A is 6.8 +/-0.1 mm, and the distance B from the hole center to the center of the solid rod is 8.9 +/-0.1 mm. The ratio of A to B is the same as the ratio of a to B. The diameter d of the perforation is 5 mm. And drawing the glass sleeve containing eight holes on a drawing tower after punching is finished, and drawing the glass sleeve into an annular eight-hole capillary glass tube with the outer diameter of 500-600 um and the inner diameter of the hole of about 100 um. Argon is introduced into the prefabricated rod in the wire drawing process so as to ensure the shape of the hole after wire drawing. And cutting the capillary glass tube into small sections with the length of 15-25 cm after the wire drawing is finished.
And cleaning the inner hole of the annular eight-hole capillary glass tube by adopting a vacuum pump device or an ultrasonic cleaning device. And then pre-tapering the capillary glass tube to enable the inner diameter of the hole to be slightly larger than 80um by about 5-10 um.
Preparing an annular eight-core optical fiber multiplexing demultiplexer:
eight single-core optical fibers having a cladding outer diameter of 80um were prepared, and a coating layer (coating) on the tip was stripped off to a length of about 10cm and cleaned with alcohol. Eight single-core optical fibers are sequentially inserted into the capillary glass tube which passes through the pre-drawing cone and is provided with eight annular holes by adopting a special platform device, as shown in figure 6. Support frame 2 and three-dimensional alignment jig 3 all block on vertical guide rail 1, arrange eight hole capillary glass sleeve pipes 7 in support frame 2 along the guide rail direction on to fix with first anchor clamps 4, get a single core optic fibre 8 and place on alignment jig 3 along the guide rail direction, and fixed with second anchor clamps 5, move three-dimensional alignment jig 3 near support frame 2 on guide rail 1 for the left end face of single core optic fibre 8 is about 5mm apart from the right-hand member face of eight hole capillary glass pipe 7. Observing the relative positions of the hole on the right end face of the eight-hole capillary glass tube 7 and the single-core optical fiber 8 by using a high-definition CCD industrial camera 6, adjusting an x-axis knob 9, a y-axis knob 10 and a z-axis knob 11 of the three-dimensional adjusting frame 3 to enable a certain hole of the eight-hole capillary glass tube and the single-core optical fiber to be completely aligned and to be close to each other on the z axis, adjusting the z-axis knob 11 of the three-dimensional adjusting frame 3 at the moment, and sending the single-core optical fiber into the certain hole of the eight-hole capillary glass tube along the direction of the guide rail by about 10cm in length. And opening the second clamp 5, slightly moving the single-core optical fiber out of the second clamp 5, freely placing, placing a second single-core optical fiber, fixing the second single-core optical fiber by using the second clamp 5, inserting the second single-core optical fiber into the second hole of the eight-hole capillary glass tube by adopting the same method, and sequentially inserting all the eight single-core optical fibers into the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve.
The glass capillary tube inserted with the optical fiber bundle is subjected to primary tapering by adopting an optical fiber fusion processing workstation, so that eight single-core optical fibers are fixed by the eight-hole capillary glass tube, then the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles are subjected to secondary tapering, the geometric dimension of the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles is reduced, the tapering ratio is 3.5, and the core distance between the optical fiber bundles at the tapering waist and the distance from the core center to the circle center of the capillary glass tube are completely consistent with the annular eight-core optical fiber. And cutting the tapered capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles at the waist of the taper, and aligning and welding the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles with an annular eight-core optical fiber by using a welding machine with an end face rotation aligning function. After completion of the fusion splicing, a metal sleeve having a length of about 12cm was moved to the melting point portion and covered the bare fiber portion from which the coating layer (coating) was removed, and the package was dispensed at both ends of the metal sleeve. During packaging, the optical fiber is naturally placed, so that stress generated after dispensing and packaging is avoided.
Table 1 shows the loss per core values of the four ring-shaped eight-core optical fiber multiplexing demultiplexers prepared by the above-described method. As can be seen from Table 1, the ring-shaped eight-core fiber demultiplexer has a loss per core at 1310nm and 1550nm of less than 1.2dB, preferably less than 0.8dB per core loss.
TABLE 1 loss per core for a ring eight-core fiber demultiplexer
Example two: preparation of rectangular eight-core optical fiber multiplexing demultiplexer
The transverse core spacing a of the rectangular eight-core optical fiber is 32 +/-0.5 um, the longitudinal core spacing b is 40 +/-0.5 um, and the outer diameter of the optical fiber cladding is 150 +/-1 um.
Preparation of a rectangular eight-hole capillary glass sleeve:
and (3) punching holes on a pure silica solid rod with the diameter D of 75-80 mm according to the arrangement of the rectangular eight-core optical fibers, as shown in figure 4. The transverse hole spacing A is 14.9 +/-0.2 mm, and the longitudinal hole spacing B is 18.6 +/-0.2 mm. The ratio of A to B is the same as the ratio of a to B. The diameter d of the punched hole is 12 mm. And drawing the glass sleeve with eight holes on a drawing tower after punching is finished, and drawing the glass sleeve with eight holes into a rectangular eight-hole capillary glass tube with the outer diameter of 620-670 um and the inner diameter of the hole of about 100 um. Argon is introduced into the prefabricated rod in the wire drawing process so as to ensure the shape of the hole after wire drawing. And cutting the capillary glass tube into small sections with the length of 15-25 cm after the wire drawing is finished.
And cleaning the inner hole of the rectangular eight-hole capillary glass tube by adopting a vacuum pump device or an ultrasonic cleaning device.
Preparing a rectangular eight-core optical fiber multiplexing demultiplexer:
eight single-core optical fibers having a cladding outer diameter of 90um were prepared, and a coating layer (coating) on the tip was stripped off to a length of about 10cm and cleaned with alcohol. Eight single-core optical fibers are sequentially inserted into the capillary glass tube which passes through the pre-drawing cone and is provided with eight rectangular holes by adopting a special platform device, and the structure is shown in figure 5. Support frame 2 and three-dimensional alignment jig 3 all block on vertical guide rail 1, arrange eight hole capillary glass sleeve pipes 7 in support frame 2 along the guide rail direction on to fix with first anchor clamps 4, get a single core optic fibre 8 and place on alignment jig 3 along the guide rail direction, and fixed with second anchor clamps 5, move three-dimensional alignment jig 3 near support frame 2 on guide rail 1 for the left end face of single core optic fibre 8 is about 5mm apart from the right-hand member face of eight hole capillary glass pipe 7. Observing the relative positions of the hole on the right end face of the eight-hole capillary glass tube and the single-core optical fiber by using a high-definition CCD industrial camera 6, adjusting an x-axis knob 9, a y-axis knob 10 and a z-axis knob 11 of the three-dimensional adjusting frame 3 to enable a certain hole of the eight-hole capillary glass tube and the single-core optical fiber to be completely aligned and to be close to each other on the z-axis, adjusting the z-axis knob 11 of the three-dimensional adjusting frame 3 at the moment, and sending the single-core optical fiber into a certain hole of the eight-hole capillary glass tube along the direction of the guide rail by about 10cm in. And opening the second clamp 5, slightly moving the single-core optical fiber out of the second clamp 5, freely placing, placing a second single-core optical fiber, fixing the second single-core optical fiber by using the second clamp 5, inserting the second single-core optical fiber into the second hole of the eight-hole capillary glass tube by adopting the same method, and sequentially inserting all the eight single-core optical fibers into the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve.
And the capillary glass tube inserted with the optical fiber bundle is subjected to primary tapering by adopting an optical fiber fusion processing workstation, so that the eight single-core optical fibers are fixed by the eight-hole capillary glass tube, then the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles are subjected to secondary tapering, the geometric dimension of the capillary glass sleeve is reduced, the tapering ratio is 3.5, and the transverse and longitudinal core intervals between the optical fiber bundles at the tapering waist part after tapering are completely consistent with the rectangular eight-core optical fibers. And cutting the tapered capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles at the waist of the taper, and aligning and welding the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles with the rectangular eight-core optical fiber bundles by using a welding machine with an end face rotation aligning function. After completion of the fusion splicing, a metal sleeve having a length of about 12cm was moved to the melting point portion and covered the bare fiber portion from which the coating layer (coating) was removed, and the package was dispensed at both ends of the metal sleeve. During packaging, the optical fiber is naturally placed, so that stress generated after dispensing and packaging is avoided.
Table 2 shows the loss per core values of the four rectangular eight-core fiber multiplexers and demultiplexers prepared by the above-described method. As can be seen from Table 2, the ring-shaped eight-core fiber demultiplexer has a loss per core at 1310nm and 1550nm of less than 1.3dB, preferably less than 1.0dB per core loss.
TABLE 2 loss per core for rectangular eight-core fiber demultiplexer
It should be noted that, according to the implementation requirement, each step/component described in the present application can be divided into more steps/components, and two or more steps/components or partial operations of the steps/components can be combined into new steps/components to achieve the purpose of the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing an eight-core optical fiber multiplexer/demultiplexer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
inserting eight single-core optical fibers into a capillary glass sleeve with eight holes, wherein the tail ends of the optical fibers are exposed after the eight single-core optical fibers are inserted, and the distribution of the eight holes in the capillary glass sleeve and the distribution of fiber cores of the eight-core optical fibers to be matched are in an equal proportion amplification relation;
performing primary tapering to fix the eight single-core optical fibers by the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve, wherein the distribution of the eight single-core optical fiber bundles and the fiber core distribution of the eight single-core optical fibers to be matched are still in an equal proportion amplification relationship;
performing secondary tapering to uniformly reduce the geometric dimensions of the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles until the geometric distribution and the dimension of each single-core optical fiber bundle at the taper waist are consistent with those of the eight-core optical fibers to be matched;
and cutting the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles subjected to the secondary tapering at the waist of the taper, aligning and welding the capillary glass sleeve and the eight single-core optical fiber bundles with the eight-core optical fibers to be matched, and packaging all bare fiber parts after welding.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the geometrical distribution and size of each single-core optical fiber bundle at the taper waist after the second tapering is finished are consistent with those of the eight-core optical fiber to be matched, and the method comprises the following steps:
the core space between the single-core optical fiber bundles and the distance from the center of each fiber core to the center of the capillary glass sleeve are consistent with the core space in the eight-core optical fiber to be matched and the distance from the center of each fiber core to the center of the eight-core optical fiber.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein before inserting the eight single core optical fibers into the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve, the method further comprises preparing an eight-hole capillary glass sleeve:
punching holes on the pure silica solid rod according to the fiber core distribution of the eight-core optical fiber to be matched, wherein the geometric distribution of the holes is the same as that of each fiber core in the eight-core optical fiber to be matched, and the proportion of the hole spacing and the distance from the hole center to the center of the solid rod is the same as that of each core spacing and the distance from the fiber core center to the center of the optical fiber in the eight-core optical fiber to be matched;
drawing the solid rod after punching to prepare an eight-hole capillary glass sleeve, and introducing argon into the solid rod in the drawing process to ensure the shape of the holes after drawing;
and cutting the capillary glass tube into small sections with the length of 8-25 cm after the wire drawing is finished.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the geometric distribution of the holes of the capillary glass sleeve and the geometric distribution of the cores of the eight-core optical fiber to be matched are both annular distributions, and the ratio of the hole spacing on the pure silica solid rod to the distance from the hole center to the center of the solid rod is the same as the ratio of the core spacing of the annular eight-core optical fiber to the distance from the core center to the center of the eight-core optical fiber.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the geometric distribution of the holes of the capillary glass sleeve and the geometric distribution of the cores of the eight-core optical fiber to be matched are rectangular distributions, and the ratio of the transverse hole spacing to the longitudinal hole spacing on the pure silica solid rod is the same as the ratio of the transverse core spacing to the longitudinal core spacing of the rectangular eight-core optical fiber.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein inserting eight single core optical fibers into a capillary glass sleeve having eight holes comprises:
cleaning inner holes of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve, and inserting eight single-core optical fibers into the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve one by one through a fiber inserting device, wherein the fiber inserting device comprises a vertical guide rail, a supporting frame, a three-dimensional adjusting frame, a first clamp, a second clamp and an imaging module; the support frame and the three-dimensional adjusting frame are clamped on the vertical guide rail, the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve is arranged on the support frame along the direction of the vertical guide rail and is fixed by the first clamp, a single-core optical fiber is arranged on the three-dimensional adjusting frame along the direction of the vertical guide rail and is fixed by the second clamp, the three-dimensional adjusting frame is moved towards the support frame on the vertical guide rail, so that the left end surface of the single-core optical fiber is positioned at a preset position away from the right end surface of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve, the imaging module is used for observing the relative positions of the hole on the right end surface of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve and the single-core optical fiber, the x-axis knob, the y-axis knob and the z-axis knob of the three-dimensional adjusting frame are adjusted, a certain hole of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve and the single-core optical fiber are completely aligned and are close to the position on the z-axis, and the z-, and sending the single-core optical fiber into a certain hole of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve along the direction of the vertical guide rail, opening the second clamp, moving out the single-core optical fiber, putting a second single-core optical fiber, fixing by using the second clamp, inserting the second single-core optical fiber into the second hole of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve according to the same mode, and sequentially inserting all the eight single-core optical fibers into the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein if the difference between the outer diameter of the cladding of the single-core optical fiber and the inner diameter of the hole of the eight-hole capillary glass sleeve is more than 10um, the capillary glass sleeve needs to be pre-tapered, so that the inner diameter of the hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cladding of the single-core optical fiber by 5-10 um;
if the difference between the outer diameter of the cladding of the single-core optical fiber and the inner diameter of the capillary glass sleeve is less than or equal to 10 mu m, pre-tapering is not needed.
8. The method according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the cladding outer diameter d of the single core optical fiber is: d is less than or equal to 125 +/-1 um.
9. The method according to claim 3, wherein the diameter D of the pure silica solid rod is between 20 and 80mm, and the diameter of the perforated holes is between 2.1 and 20 mm.
10. An eight-core optical fiber demultiplexer obtained by the method for manufacturing an eight-core optical fiber demultiplexer according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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