CN112976702A - 一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法 - Google Patents

一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法 Download PDF

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CN112976702A
CN112976702A CN202110278908.9A CN202110278908A CN112976702A CN 112976702 A CN112976702 A CN 112976702A CN 202110278908 A CN202110278908 A CN 202110278908A CN 112976702 A CN112976702 A CN 112976702A
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waterproof
layer
moisture
fiber yarns
nanofiber
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夏建华
姚理荣
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Jiangsu New Vision Advanced Functional Fiber Innovation Center Co ltd
Zhejiang Jiahai New Material Co ltd
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Jiangsu New Vision Advanced Functional Fiber Innovation Center Co ltd
Zhejiang Jiahai New Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法，所述纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料包括高弹基层、复合吸湿层和纳米纤维防水层，所述高弹基层、复合吸湿层和纳米纤维防水层由内向外依次设置，纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料的复合方法为：通过纱线对高弹基层、复合吸湿层和纳米纤维防水层进行浮沉交织连接，高弹基层、复合吸湿层和纳米纤维防水层之间通过环保胶合剂进行热压胶合。本发明面料内侧的水分子经过复合吸湿层吸收后剩余水分子可通过单向透湿微孔排出，而面料外侧的水分子团则被阻挡，避免外部水分子团进入面料内侧，从而防水透湿，能够使面料内各层结合紧密，避免各层之间随着时间推移而脱离分离，且能够提高面料拉伸延展性能、弯折性能。

Description

一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法
技术领域
本发明涉及复合面料技术领域，尤其涉及一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法。
背景技术
面料就是用来制作服装的材料。作为服装三要素之一，面料不仅可以诠释服装的风格和特性，而且直接左右着服装的色彩、造型的表现效果。
面料主要分为梭织面料和针织面料二大类，梭织面料也称机织物，是把经纱和纬纱相互垂直交织在一起形成的织物。其基本组织有平纹、斜纹、缎纹三种。不同的梭织面料也是由这三种基本组织及由其变化多端的组织而构成。主要有雪纺、牛津布、牛仔布、斜纹布、法兰绒、花缎等，针织面料是用织针将纱线或长丝构成线圈，再把线圈相互串套而成，由于针织物的线圈结构特征，单位长度内储纱量较多，因此大多有很好的弹性。
目前的面料多为不具备防水功能，或只具备防水功能不能够透气透湿，导致面料的应用范围大大降低。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题，本发明提出了一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法。
本发明提出的一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法，所述纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料包括高弹基层、复合吸湿层和纳米纤维防水层，所述高弹基层、复合吸湿层和纳米纤维防水层由内向外依次设置，所述高弹基层包括高弹PP纤维丝、棉纤维丝、涤纶纤维丝和黏胶纤维束，所述棉纤维丝和涤纶纤维丝围绕高弹PP纤维丝构成双螺旋结构，所述黏胶纤维束套设于高弹PP纤维丝、棉纤维丝和涤纶纤维丝三者的共同交接点位置处且对高弹PP纤维丝、棉纤维丝和涤纶纤维丝进行束缚，且高弹PP纤维丝、棉纤维丝和涤纶纤维丝和黏胶纤维束构成等距离分布的纤维束；
所述复合吸湿层由活性炭短纤维丝和竹炭长纤维丝交替浮沉编织构成，且活性炭短纤维丝沿经向设置，竹炭长纤维丝沿纬向设置；
所述纳米纤维防水层上设有等距离分布的单向透湿微孔；
所述纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料的复合方法为：通过纱线对高弹基层、复合吸湿层和纳米纤维防水层进行浮沉交织连接，且高弹基层、复合吸湿层和纳米纤维防水层之间通过环保胶合剂进行热压胶合。
优选地，所述高弹PP纤维丝的直径、棉纤维丝的直径和涤纶纤维丝的直径均为60nm-100nm。
优选地，所述单向透湿微孔为圆台状结构，单向透湿微孔靠近复合吸湿层一端直径为120nm-150nm，单向透湿微孔靠近复合吸湿层一端直径为30nm-40nm。
优选地，所述纤维束的长度为50nm-100nm，且纤维束的最大直径为20nm-40nm。
优选地，所述高弹基层、复合吸湿层和纳米纤维防水层的厚度比为2:1:1。
优选地，所述环保胶合剂呈网格状设置于高弹基层和复合吸湿层之间的夹层以及复合吸湿层和纳米纤维防水层。
优选地，所述热压胶合的过程中热压温度为50℃-65℃，且压合时间为15s-30s。
本发明的有益效果为：
1、单个水分子的直径约为40nm，而水分子团的直径为40nm的数十倍，因此，面料内侧的水分子经过复合吸湿层吸收后剩余水分子可通过单向透湿微孔排出，而面料外侧的水分子团则被阻挡，避免外部水分子团进入面料内侧，从而防水透湿；
2、高弹基层、复合吸湿层和纳米纤维防水层通过纱线以及环保胶合剂固定连接，使高弹基层、复合吸湿层和纳米纤维防水层结合紧密，避免各层之间随着时间推移而脱离分离，且能够提高面料拉伸延展性能、弯折性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明提出的一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料的纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料结构示意图；
图2为本发明提出的一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料的高弹基层结构示意图；
图3为本发明提出的一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料的复合吸湿层结构示意图；
图4为本发明提出的一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料的纳米纤维防水层结构示意图；
图5为本发明提出的一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料的防水透湿原理结构示意图。
图中：1高弹基层、11高弹PP纤维丝、12棉纤维丝、13涤纶纤维丝、14 黏胶纤维束；
2复合吸湿层、21活性炭短纤维丝、22竹炭长纤维丝；
3纳米纤维防水层、31单向透湿微孔。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
实施例1，参照图1-5，一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法，所述纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料包括高弹基层1、复合吸湿层2和纳米纤维防水层3，所述高弹基层1、复合吸湿层2和纳米纤维防水层3由内向外依次设置，所述高弹基层1包括高弹PP纤维丝11、棉纤维丝12、涤纶纤维丝13和黏胶纤维束14，所述棉纤维丝12和涤纶纤维丝13围绕高弹PP纤维丝11构成双螺旋结构，所述黏胶纤维束14套设于高弹PP纤维丝11、棉纤维丝12和涤纶纤维丝13三者的共同交接点位置处且对高弹PP纤维丝11、棉纤维丝12和涤纶纤维丝13进行束缚，且高弹PP纤维丝11、棉纤维丝12和涤纶纤维丝13和黏胶纤维束14构成等距离分布的纤维束；
所述复合吸湿层2由活性炭短纤维丝21和竹炭长纤维丝22交替浮沉编织构成，且活性炭短纤维丝21沿经向设置，竹炭长纤维丝22沿纬向设置；
所述纳米纤维防水层3上设有等距离分布的单向透湿微孔31；
所述纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料的复合方法包括以下步骤：
S1：高弹基层1、复合吸湿层2和纳米纤维防水层3之间涂抹网格状结构的环保胶合剂；
S2：通过纱线对高弹基层1、复合吸湿层2和纳米纤维防水层3进行浮沉交织连接；
S3：对高弹基层1、复合吸湿层2和纳米纤维防水层3加热至50℃-65℃，然后进行滚压，压合时间为15s-30s。
本发明中，所述高弹PP纤维丝11的直径、棉纤维丝12的直径和涤纶纤维丝13的直径均为60nm-100nm，所述单向透湿微孔31为圆台状结构，单向透湿微孔31靠近复合吸湿层2一端直径为120nm-150nm，单向透湿微孔31靠近复合吸湿层2一端直径为30nm-40nm，所述纤维束的长度为50nm-100nm，且纤维束的最大直径为20nm-40nm，单个水分子的直径约为40nm，而水分子团（小水滴）的直径为40nm的数十倍，因此，面料内侧（高弹基层1）的水分子经过复合吸湿层2吸收后剩余水分子可通过单向透湿微孔31排出，而面料外侧（纳米纤维防水层3一侧）的水分子团（小水滴）则被阻挡，避免外部水分子团进入面料内侧，从而防水透湿。
所述高弹基层1、复合吸湿层2和纳米纤维防水层3的厚度比为2:1:1，复合吸湿层2和纳米纤维防水层3的厚度远远低于高弹性层1，能够提高面料拉伸延展性能、弯折性能。
所述环保胶合剂呈网格状设置于高弹基层1和复合吸湿层2之间的夹层以及复合吸湿层2和纳米纤维防水层3，所述热压胶合的过程中热压温度为50℃-65℃，且压合时间为15s-30s，使高弹基层1、复合吸湿层2和纳米纤维防水层3结合紧密，避免各层之间随着时间推移而脱离分离。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法，其特征在于，所述纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料包括高弹基层（1）、复合吸湿层（2）和纳米纤维防水层（3），所述高弹基层（1）、复合吸湿层（2）和纳米纤维防水层（3）由内向外依次设置，所述高弹基层（1）包括高弹PP纤维丝（11）、棉纤维丝（12）、涤纶纤维丝（13）和黏胶纤维束（14），所述棉纤维丝（12）和涤纶纤维丝（13）围绕高弹PP纤维丝（11）构成双螺旋结构，所述黏胶纤维束（14）套设于高弹PP纤维丝（11）、棉纤维丝（12）和涤纶纤维丝（13）三者的共同交接点位置处且对高弹PP纤维丝（11）、棉纤维丝（12）和涤纶纤维丝（13）进行束缚，且高弹PP纤维丝（11）、棉纤维丝（12）和涤纶纤维丝（13）和黏胶纤维束（14）构成等距离分布的纤维束；所述复合吸湿层（2）由活性炭短纤维丝（21）和竹炭长纤维丝（22）交替浮沉编织构成，且活性炭短纤维丝（21）沿经向设置，竹炭长纤维丝（22）沿纬向设置；所述纳米纤维防水层（3）上设有等距离分布的单向透湿微孔（31）；所述纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料的复合方法为：通过纱线对高弹基层（1）、复合吸湿层（2）和纳米纤维防水层（3）进行浮沉交织连接，且高弹基层（1）、复合吸湿层（2）和纳米纤维防水层（3）之间通过环保胶合剂进行热压胶合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法，其特征在于，所述高弹PP纤维丝（11）的直径、棉纤维丝（12）的直径和涤纶纤维丝（13）的直径均为60nm-100nm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法，其特征在于，所述单向透湿微孔（31）为圆台状结构，单向透湿微孔（31）靠近复合吸湿层（2）一端直径为120nm-150nm，单向透湿微孔（31）靠近复合吸湿层（2）一端直径为30nm-40nm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法，其特征在于，所述纤维束的长度为50nm-100nm，且纤维束的最大直径为20nm-40nm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法，其特征在于，所述高弹基层（1）、复合吸湿层（2）和纳米纤维防水层（3）的厚度比为2:1:1。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法，其特征在于，所述环保胶合剂呈网格状设置于高弹基层（1）和复合吸湿层（2）之间的夹层以及复合吸湿层（2）和纳米纤维防水层（3）。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米纤维膜防水透湿面料及其复合方法，其特征在于，所述热压胶合的过程中热压温度为50℃-65℃，且压合时间为15s-30s。
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