CN112960006A - Cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption and vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train - Google Patents
Cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption and vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train Download PDFInfo
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- CN112960006A CN112960006A CN202110103946.0A CN202110103946A CN112960006A CN 112960006 A CN112960006 A CN 112960006A CN 202110103946 A CN202110103946 A CN 202110103946A CN 112960006 A CN112960006 A CN 112960006A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
- B61D27/0072—Means for cooling only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61B13/00—Other railway systems
- B61B13/10—Tunnel systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C17/00—Arrangement or disposition of parts; Details or accessories not otherwise provided for; Use of control gear and control systems
- B61C17/04—Arrangement or disposition of driving cabins, footplates or engine rooms; Ventilation thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
Abstract
The invention discloses a cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption, which comprises: the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank is arranged on a train body of the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train; the high-pressure cooling spray head is arranged corresponding to a high-temperature area of a heating equipment cabin of the vacuum pipeline maglev train, is communicated with the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank through a high-pressure cooling gas pipeline, and is provided with an adjusting mechanism capable of driving the high-pressure cooling spray head to move so as to change the distance between the high-temperature area and the high-temperature area; the oxygen recovery system is used for recovering oxygen after cooling a high-temperature area of the train and conveying the recovered oxygen to an air inlet end of a passenger room fresh air system; the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank is provided with a low-temperature oxygen supply pipeline which is connected with the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline in parallel so as to convey the phase-change heat-absorbed low-temperature oxygen to the air inlet end of the fresh air system of the passenger room in another way. The system can realize rapid and effective cooling of a high-temperature area of the train, and can provide sufficient oxygen for the train carriage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension trains, in particular to a cooling and oxygen supply system of a vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train. The invention also relates to a vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train provided with the cooling and oxygen supply system.
Background
At present, with the continuous development of science and technology, the running speed of a high-speed train is greatly improved, the running speed of the current high-speed train can be 300-500 km/h, and in order to further improve the speed of ground transportation vehicles, a vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train is a way for realizing ultrahigh-speed economic running of the train, and the running speed of the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train is an extension and supplement of the current ground high-speed transportation.
Vacuum pipeline magnetic levitation trains are hot topics for research of ultra-high speed trains, and have the advantages of high speed, low energy consumption, extremely low noise and the like. However, considering that the vacuum pipe maglev train runs in a vacuum closed space, the heat generated by the train in high-speed running cannot be timely and effectively dissipated, and therefore, the train body temperature will be increased sharply in high-speed running.
In conclusion, how to construct a vacuum pipeline maglev train cooling system is the key for solving the problem of train heat dissipation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption. The system can realize rapid and effective cooling of a high-temperature area of the train, and can provide sufficient oxygen for the train carriage.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum pipeline magnetic levitation train provided with the cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption, comprising;
the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank is arranged on a train body of the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train;
the high-pressure cooling spray head is arranged corresponding to a high-temperature area of a heating equipment cabin of the vacuum pipeline maglev train, is communicated with the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank through a high-pressure cooling gas pipeline, and is provided with an adjusting mechanism capable of driving the high-pressure cooling spray head to move so as to change the distance between the high-temperature area and the high-temperature area, so that low-temperature oxygen after phase change and heat absorption is sprayed to cool the high-temperature area of the train;
the oxygen recovery system is used for recovering oxygen after cooling a high-temperature area of the train and conveying the recovered oxygen to an air inlet end of a passenger room fresh air system;
the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank is provided with a low-temperature oxygen supply pipeline which is connected with the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline in parallel so as to convey the phase-change heat-absorbed low-temperature oxygen to the air inlet end of the fresh air system of the passenger room in another way.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
a first controller;
the high-temperature area temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperatures of different high-temperature areas;
a flow rate valve for controlling the flow rate of the low-temperature oxygen in the high-pressure cooling gas line;
the temperature sensor and the flow rate valve are connected to the first controller, when the temperature of a high-temperature area rises, the first controller increases the flow rate of low-temperature oxygen in the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate valve, and when the temperature of the high-temperature area falls, the first controller decreases the flow rate of the low-temperature oxygen in the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate valve.
Preferably, the functional relationship between the temperature of the high temperature region and the flow rate of the low temperature oxygen is as follows:
wherein, V0Is a calibrated flow rateAnd x is the temperature of the high-temperature area of the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train, and V is the flow velocity of low-temperature oxygen in the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline.
Preferably, the first controller includes:
the storage unit is used for storing a database of the constructed bearable temperature range of the heating material and a mapping relation between the constructed bearable temperature range of the heating material and the distance from the high-pressure cold air nozzle to the heating material according to the low-temperature-resistant range of the heating material of the train;
the high-pressure cold air spray head is provided with a monitoring device, and the monitoring device is connected to the first controller;
when the monitoring device detects a corresponding heating material, the first controller calls the bearable temperature range in the database, and actively adjusts the distance between the high-pressure cold air spray head and the heating material through the adjusting mechanism according to the mapping relation between the bearable temperature range and the distance between the high-pressure cold air spray head and the heating material.
Preferably, the database of the bearable temperature range of the heating material is constructed by collecting the bearable low-temperature range of the heating material of the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train;
the mapping relation between the bearable temperature range of the material and the distance of the high-pressure cold air spray head is as follows:
if the material can bear the low temperature ranging from minus 30 ℃ to minus 25 ℃, the distance of the high-pressure cold air spray head ranges from 40mm to 60 mm;
if the material can bear the low temperature ranging from minus 25 ℃ to minus 20 ℃, the distance of the high-pressure cold air spray head ranges from 70mm to 90 mm;
if the material can bear the low temperature ranging from minus 20 ℃ to minus 15 ℃, the distance of the high-pressure cold air spray head ranges from 100mm to 120 mm;
if the material can bear the low temperature ranging from minus 15 ℃ to minus 10 ℃, the distance of the high-pressure cold air spray head ranges from 130mm to 150 mm;
if the material can bear the low temperature ranging from minus 10 ℃ to minus 5 ℃, the distance of the high-pressure cold air spray head ranges from 160mm to 180 mm;
if the material can bear low temperature within the range of minus 5 ℃ to 0 ℃, the distance of the high-pressure cold air spray head is 190mm to 210 mm.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
a passenger room temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the passenger room;
the passenger room oxygen concentration sensor is used for detecting the oxygen concentration in the passenger room;
a first throttle valve for controlling a flow rate of the low-temperature oxygen in the low-temperature oxygen supply line;
the second throttling valve is used for controlling the flow rate of the oxygen recovered by the oxygen recovery system in the conveying pipeline;
the passenger room temperature sensor, the passenger room oxygen concentration sensor, the first throttle valve and the second throttle valve are all connected to a second controller, and the second controller controls the first throttle valve and the second throttle valve according to detection values of the passenger room temperature sensor and the passenger room oxygen concentration sensor.
Preferably, the second controller controls the first throttle valve and the second throttle valve in the following manner:
when the oxygen concentration in the passenger room is greater than a threshold value and the temperature in the passenger room is greater than the threshold value, the first throttle valve is opened, and the second throttle valve is closed;
when the oxygen concentration in the passenger room is greater than a threshold value and the temperature in the passenger room is less than the threshold value, the first throttle valve is closed, and the second throttle valve is closed;
when the oxygen concentration in the passenger room is less than a threshold value and the temperature in the passenger room is greater than the threshold value, the first throttle valve is opened, and the second throttle valve is opened;
when the oxygen concentration in the passenger room is less than the threshold value and the temperature in the passenger room is less than the threshold value, the first throttle valve is closed, and the second throttle valve clamps air.
Preferably, the adjusting mechanism of the high pressure cold air spray head comprises:
the driving component provides adjusting power;
the moving mechanism is connected with the power output end of the driving part; the moving mechanism comprises a fixed part and a moving part, the moving part can move relative to the fixed part along the direction far away from or close to the high-temperature area under the driving of the driving part, the high-pressure cold air spray head is connected with the moving part,
preferably, the adjusting mechanism of the high pressure cold air spray head further comprises:
the telescopic mechanism is arranged on the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline and stretches along with the deformation of the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline when the high-pressure cold air spray head moves.
Preferably, a protection cabin is arranged at the bottom of the train body of the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train, and the high-pressure liquid oxygen pipe is arranged inside the protection cabin.
Preferably, the protection cabin is made of a layered composite material, and the layered composite material is of at least three-layer structure and comprises honeycomb aluminum alloy positioned in the middle and foamed plastic positioned at two layers outside.
Preferably, the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank is replaceably arranged on a vehicle body of the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train, and is provided with a pressure sensor; when the pressure displayed by the pressure sensor is less than 1/3 of the pressure of the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank in the full state, and the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train enters the station, the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank can be taken out of the protection cabin, and the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank in the full state is installed in the protection cabin.
In order to achieve the above further object, the present invention provides a vacuum pipeline maglev train, which comprises a train body and an equipment compartment disposed on the train body, wherein the equipment compartment is provided with a cooling system, and the cooling system is a cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption as described in any one of the above.
The cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption provided by the invention has the advantages that the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train runs in a relatively closed space, the high-temperature area of the train is cooled by the liquid oxygen stored in the high-pressure tank, the high-temperature area of the train can be cooled by the high-pressure low-temperature liquid oxygen, and the oxygen can be conveyed into a train carriage, so that the requirement of supplying the oxygen in the carriage is met, wherein the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline can efficiently and stably realize the cooling of the high-temperature area of the train by adjusting the flow rate of the low-temperature cold gas, and the adjusting structure of the high-pressure cold gas spray head effectively ensures the toughness change of a high-temperature material in the cooling process.
In a preferable scheme, the protective cabin material of the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank adopts a layered composite material structure with heat insulation and impact resistance, and the protective cabin can provide reliable safety guarantee for the high-pressure cold air cooling system and the operation of a train.
The vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train provided by the invention is provided with the cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption, and the cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption has the technical effects, so the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train provided with the cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption also has corresponding technical effects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a phase change endothermic cooling and oxygen supply system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of hyperbaric oxygen gas flow rate as a function of temperature in the high temperature region, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation position of the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank disclosed in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a protection cabin of a high-pressure liquid oxygen tank disclosed by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjusting mechanism disclosed in the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
1. high-pressure liquid oxygen tank 2, high-pressure cold air spray head 3, oxygen recovery system 4, vehicle body 5, high-pressure cooling gas pipeline 6, adjusting mechanism 61, screw 62, slide block 63, connecting piece 7, passenger room fresh air system 8, low-temperature oxygen supply pipeline 9, flow rate valve 10-1, first controller 10-2, second controller 11, passenger room temperature sensor 12, passenger room oxygen concentration sensor 13, first throttle valve 14, recovered oxygen delivery pipeline 15, second throttle valve 16, infrared monitoring device 17, protection cabin 17-1, cellular aluminum alloy 17-2, foamed plastic 18 and telescopic mechanism 18
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In this document, terms such as "upper, lower, left, right" and the like are established based on positional relationships shown in the drawings, and the corresponding positional relationships may vary depending on the drawings, and therefore, they are not to be construed as absolute limitations on the scope of protection; moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one element from another element having the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such elements.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
As shown in the drawings, in an embodiment, the cooling and oxygen supplying system based on phase change heat absorption provided by the present invention mainly comprises a high pressure liquid oxygen tank 1, a high pressure cold air spray head 2, and an oxygen recovery system 3.
Wherein, high-pressure liquid oxygen tank 1 inside storage has highly-compressed liquid oxygen, it locates vacuum pipeline maglev train's automobile body 4, high-pressure air conditioning shower nozzle 2 sets up the position in the high temperature region corresponding to vacuum pipeline maglev train heating equipment cabin, high temperature cooling shower nozzle 2 is linked together through high-pressure cooling gas pipeline 5 with high-pressure liquid oxygen tank 1, and be equipped with adjustment mechanism 6, can drive high temperature cooling shower nozzle 2 through adjustment mechanism 6 and remove, with the distance that changes high temperature cooling shower nozzle 2 and high temperature region, in operation, low temperature oxygen after high temperature cooling shower nozzle 2 sprays the phase transition heat absorption cools off the train high temperature region, both can be a shower nozzle cooling a plurality of high temperature regions, also can be that a plurality of shower nozzles cool off different high temperature regions respectively.
The oxygen recovery system 3 is used for recovering oxygen after cooling a high-temperature area of the train, conveying the recovered oxygen to an air inlet end of the passenger room fresh air system 7 through a pipeline, collecting the cooled oxygen through the air recovery system 3, and supplying the oxygen to the passenger room through the passenger room fresh air system 7, so that an indirect oxygen supply mode is formed.
The high-pressure liquid oxygen tank 1 is provided with a low-temperature oxygen supply pipeline 8, the low-temperature oxygen supply pipeline 8 and the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline 5 are connected in parallel on a gas circuit and used for conveying low-temperature oxygen subjected to phase change heat absorption to an air inlet end of a passenger room fresh air system 7 in an additional way, when oxygen supply is carried out, the liquid oxygen in the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank 1 firstly realizes the size of liquid oxygen flow through the opening of a throttle valve, then the liquid oxygen is changed into gas through phase change heat absorption, and finally the gaseous low-temperature oxygen timely supplies sufficient oxygen to a passenger room through the passenger room fresh air system 7 and can have the function of cooling the passenger room, so that a direct oxygen supply mode is formed.
The passenger room fresh air system 7 is used for supplying enough oxygen to the train passenger room through the low-temperature oxygen after the phase change heat absorption and the oxygen recovered from the cooling system, and can realize the effect of cooling the train passenger room.
Corresponding temperature sensors are respectively arranged in different high-temperature areas, a flow rate valve 9 is arranged on the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline 5 to control the flow rate of low-temperature oxygen in the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline 5, the temperature sensors and the flow rate valve 9 are connected to a first controller 10-1, the precision of the temperature sensors is 0 +/-0.15 ℃, the measurement range is-100-200 ℃, and an STM32 singlechip can be selected as a chip of the first controller 10-1.
The first controller 10-1 increases the flow rate of the low-temperature oxygen in the high-pressure cooling gas pipe 5 by adjusting the opening degree of the first flow rate valve 9 when the temperature of the high-temperature region increases, and the first controller 10-1 decreases the flow rate of the low-temperature oxygen in the high-pressure cooling gas pipe 5 by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate valve 9 when the temperature of the high-temperature region decreases.
A passenger room temperature sensor 11 and a passenger room oxygen concentration sensor 12 are further arranged in the passenger room of the vehicle body 4 to detect the temperature and the oxygen concentration in the passenger room, meanwhile, a first throttle valve 13 is arranged on the low-temperature oxygen supply pipeline 8, and a second throttle valve 15 is arranged on the recovered oxygen conveying pipeline 14 of the oxygen recovery system 3 to control the flow rate of the low-temperature oxygen in the low-temperature oxygen supply pipeline 8 and the flow rate of the oxygen recovered by the oxygen recovery system 3 in the recovered oxygen conveying pipeline 14.
The passenger compartment temperature sensor 11, the passenger compartment oxygen concentration sensor 12, the first throttle valve 13 and the second throttle valve 15 are all connected to the second controller 10-2, and the second controller 10-2 controls the first throttle valve 13 and the second throttle valve 15 according to detection values of the passenger compartment temperature sensor 11 and the passenger compartment oxygen concentration sensor 12.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the flow rate of high pressure oxygen and the temperature of the high temperature region according to the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in the figure, the high-pressure low-temperature oxygen realizes the efficient cooling effect by controlling the flow rate of the low-temperature oxygen in the cooling process of the high-temperature area of the train, and the function relation corresponding to the flow rate of the high-temperature area temperature and the low-temperature oxygen is as follows:
wherein, V0Is a calibrated flow rate which can be a use flow rate V under the environment of normal temperature and 25 DEG C0The high-pressure oxygen can reduce the temperature of a high-temperature area of the train by 10 ℃ within three minutes; x is the temperature of the high-temperature area of the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train; v is the flow rate of the high-pressure cold air in the high-pressure pipeline.
Aiming at different low temperature resistant ranges of high temperature zone materials, the adjusting mechanism 6 is arranged to adjust the distance between the high temperature cold air spray head 2 and the high temperature zone, thereby effectively ensuring the structural strength of the train high temperature zone materials.
Specifically, the first controller 10-1 has a storage unit for storing a database of the acceptable temperature range of the heating material constructed according to the low temperature resistant range of the heating material of the train, and a mapping relationship between the acceptable temperature range of the constructed material and the distance from the high-pressure cold air nozzle to the heating material.
The high-pressure cold air spray head 2 is provided with an infrared monitoring device 16, and the infrared monitoring device 16 is also connected with the first controller 10-1. When the infrared monitoring device 16 detects a corresponding heating material, the first controller 10-1 calls the bearable temperature range in the database, and actively adjusts the distance between the high-pressure cold air spray head 2 and the heating material through the adjusting mechanism 6 according to the mapping relationship between the bearable temperature range and the distance between the high-pressure cold air spray head and the heating material.
Specifically, a database of the bearable temperature range of the heating material can be constructed by collecting the bearable low-temperature range of the heating material of the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train, and the mapping relation between the bearable temperature range of the material and the distance between the high-pressure cold air nozzles is shown in the following table:
the opening or closing of the throttle valve is mainly determined according to the oxygen concentration and the temperature value in the passenger room, for example, the threshold value of the oxygen concentration in the passenger room can be set to 30%, the temperature threshold value can be set to 25 ℃, and when the oxygen concentration and the temperature value in the passenger room are lower than the corresponding threshold values, the valve of the throttle valve is opened, so that oxygen supply and cooling of the passenger room of the train are realized.
The second controller 10-2 controls the first throttle valve 13 and the second throttle valve 15 specifically in the manner shown in the following table:
referring to fig. 4 and 5, fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating an installation position of a high-pressure liquid oxygen tank according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-pressure liquid oxygen tank protection cabin disclosed by the embodiment of the invention.
As shown in the figure, the bottom of the vehicle body 4 of the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train is provided with a protective cabin 17, and the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank 1 is installed inside the protective cabin 17 with heat insulation and shock resistance.
The protection cabin 17 is made of a layered composite material, the layered composite material is of a three-layer structure and comprises a honeycomb-shaped aluminum alloy 17-1 positioned in the middle and a foamed plastic 17-2 positioned on two layers outside, and the protection cabin 17 can provide reliable safety guarantee for a high-pressure cold air cooling system and the operation of a train.
And the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank 1 is replaceably arranged on a vehicle body 4 of the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train, the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank 4 is provided with a pressure sensor, the range of the pressure sensor is 0-150 MPa, the temperature range of the measurable gas is-200-150 ℃, and the measurement precision is 0.2%.
When the pressure displayed by the pressure sensor is less than 1/3 of the pressure of the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank 1 in the full state, and the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train enters the station, the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank 1 can be taken out of the protection cabin 17, and the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank 1 in the full state is installed in the protection cabin 17, so that the reliable supply of high-pressure liquid oxygen is effectively guaranteed, and the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank 1 enters the station and is quickly replaced, so that the effect of reducing the weight of the train body is achieved.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjusting mechanism according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
As shown in the figure, the adjusting mechanism 6 of the high-pressure cold air spray head 2 mainly comprises a driving part, a moving mechanism, a telescopic mechanism and the like.
Wherein, the driving component can be a motor for providing adjusting power; the moving mechanism comprises a screw 61 and a sliding block 62, the sliding block 62 is provided with a nut and is matched with the screw 61 through the nut, the sliding block 62 is further connected with the high-pressure cold air spray head 2 through a connecting piece 63, a rotating shaft of the motor is connected with the screw 61, when the motor runs, the screw 61 is driven to rotate in situ, and then the sliding block 62 and the high-pressure cold air spray head 2 are driven to move transversely, so that the purpose of adjusting the distance between the high-pressure cold air spray head 2 and a high-temperature area.
The telescopic mechanism 18 is arranged on the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline 5, and can be a spiral sleeve, a corrugated pipe or a hinged telescopic arm, and when the high-pressure cold air spray head 2 moves, the telescopic mechanism 18 extends and retracts along with the deformation of the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline 5.
Can carry out the short distance through adjustment mechanism 6 and adjust high pressure air conditioning shower nozzle 2 to effectively ensure the transition of high temperature material toughness in the cooling process.
Of course, although the present embodiment selects the adjustment method of the screw and the slider, the present invention is not limited to this, and the moving mechanism may be a rack and pinion mechanism, or the driving member may be an air cylinder, an oil cylinder, or a linear motor that outputs a linear motion in addition to a motor that outputs a rotational motion.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not limited thereto, and on the basis of the above embodiments, various embodiments can be obtained by performing targeted adjustment according to actual needs. For example, two or more high-pressure liquid oxygen tanks 1 are provided, one or a part of the high-pressure liquid oxygen tanks 1 being used for directly supplying oxygen to the passenger compartment, and the other or another part of the high-pressure liquid oxygen tanks 1 being used for cooling the high-temperature area; or the protective cabin is further added with a layered structure with other functions on the basis of the honeycomb aluminum alloy 17-1 and the foam plastic 17-2, and the like. This is not illustrated here, since many implementations are possible.
In addition to the phase change heat absorption based cooling and oxygen supply system, the present invention further provides a vacuum pipeline magnetic levitation train, which includes a train body 4 and an equipment compartment disposed on the train body, wherein the equipment compartment is provided with a cooling system, the cooling system is the phase change heat absorption based cooling and oxygen supply system described above, and for other structures of the vacuum pipeline magnetic levitation train, please refer to the prior art, and details are not repeated herein.
The phase-change heat absorption-based cooling and oxygen supply system and the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption is characterized by comprising;
the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank is arranged on a train body of the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train;
the high-pressure cooling spray head is arranged corresponding to a high-temperature area of a heating equipment cabin of the vacuum pipeline maglev train, is communicated with the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank through a high-pressure cooling gas pipeline, and is provided with an adjusting mechanism capable of driving the high-pressure cooling spray head to move so as to change the distance between the high-temperature area and the high-temperature area, so that low-temperature oxygen after phase change and heat absorption is sprayed to cool the high-temperature area of the train;
the oxygen recovery system is used for recovering oxygen after cooling a high-temperature area of the train and conveying the recovered oxygen to an air inlet end of a passenger room fresh air system;
the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank is provided with a low-temperature oxygen supply pipeline which is connected with the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline in parallel so as to convey the phase-change heat-absorbed low-temperature oxygen to the air inlet end of the fresh air system of the passenger room in another way.
2. The phase change endotherm-based cooling and oxygen supply system of claim 1, further comprising:
a first controller;
the high-temperature area temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperatures of different high-temperature areas;
a flow rate valve for controlling the flow rate of the low-temperature oxygen in the high-pressure cooling gas line;
the temperature sensor and the flow rate valve are connected to the first controller, when the temperature of a high-temperature area rises, the first controller increases the flow rate of low-temperature oxygen in the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate valve, and when the temperature of the high-temperature area falls, the first controller decreases the flow rate of the low-temperature oxygen in the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate valve.
3. The phase change endotherm-based cooling and oxygen supply system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the temperature of the high temperature region corresponds to the flow rate of the low temperature oxygen as a function of:
wherein, V0The flow velocity is calibrated, x is the temperature of the high-temperature area of the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train, and V is the flow velocity of low-temperature oxygen in the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline.
4. The phase change endotherm-based cooling and oxygen supply system of claim 2, wherein the controller comprises:
the storage unit is used for storing a database of the constructed bearable temperature range of the heating material and a mapping relation between the constructed bearable temperature range of the heating material and the distance from the high-pressure cold air nozzle to the heating material according to the low-temperature-resistant range of the heating material of the train;
the high-pressure cold air spray head is provided with a monitoring device, and the monitoring device is connected to the first controller;
when the monitoring device detects a corresponding heating material, the first controller calls the bearable temperature range in the database, and actively adjusts the distance between the high-pressure cold air spray head and the heating material through the adjusting mechanism according to the mapping relation between the bearable temperature range and the distance between the high-pressure cold air spray head and the heating material.
5. The phase change heat absorption based cooling and oxygen supply system according to claim 4, wherein the heat generating material tolerable temperature range database is constructed by collecting the tolerable low temperature ranges of the vacuum pipeline maglev train heat generating material;
the mapping relation between the bearable temperature range of the material and the distance of the high-pressure cold air spray head is as follows:
if the material can bear the low temperature ranging from minus 30 ℃ to minus 25 ℃, the distance of the high-pressure cold air spray head ranges from 40mm to 60 mm;
if the material can bear the low temperature ranging from minus 25 ℃ to minus 20 ℃, the distance of the high-pressure cold air spray head ranges from 70mm to 90 mm;
if the material can bear the low temperature ranging from minus 20 ℃ to minus 15 ℃, the distance of the high-pressure cold air spray head ranges from 100mm to 120 mm;
if the material can bear the low temperature ranging from minus 15 ℃ to minus 10 ℃, the distance of the high-pressure cold air spray head ranges from 130mm to 150 mm;
if the material can bear the low temperature ranging from minus 10 ℃ to minus 5 ℃, the distance of the high-pressure cold air spray head ranges from 160mm to 180 mm;
if the material can bear low temperature within the range of minus 5 ℃ to 0 ℃, the distance of the high-pressure cold air spray head is 190mm to 210 mm.
6. The phase change endotherm-based cooling and oxygen supply system of claim 2, further comprising:
a passenger room temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the passenger room;
the passenger room oxygen concentration sensor is used for detecting the oxygen concentration in the passenger room;
a first throttle valve for controlling a flow rate of the low-temperature oxygen in the low-temperature oxygen supply line;
the second throttling valve is used for controlling the flow rate of the oxygen recovered by the oxygen recovery system in the conveying pipeline;
the passenger room temperature sensor, the passenger room oxygen concentration sensor, the first throttle valve and the second throttle valve are all connected to a second controller, and the second controller controls the first throttle valve and the second throttle valve according to detection values of the passenger room temperature sensor and the passenger room oxygen concentration sensor.
7. The phase change endotherm-based cooling and oxygen supply system of claim 6, wherein the second controller controls the first and second throttle valves in the following manner:
when the oxygen concentration in the passenger room is greater than a threshold value and the temperature in the passenger room is greater than the threshold value, the first throttle valve is opened, and the second throttle valve is closed;
when the oxygen concentration in the passenger room is greater than a threshold value and the temperature in the passenger room is less than the threshold value, the first throttle valve is closed, and the second throttle valve is closed;
when the oxygen concentration in the passenger room is less than a threshold value and the temperature in the passenger room is greater than the threshold value, the first throttle valve is opened, and the second throttle valve is opened;
when the oxygen concentration in the passenger room is less than the threshold value and the temperature in the passenger room is less than the threshold value, the first throttle valve is closed, and the second throttle valve clamps air.
8. The phase change heat absorption based cooling and oxygen supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the adjusting mechanism of the high pressure cold air shower head comprises:
the driving component provides adjusting power;
the moving mechanism is connected with the power output end of the driving part; the moving mechanism comprises a fixed part and a moving part, the moving part can move relative to the fixed part along the direction far away from or close to a high-temperature area under the driving of the driving part, and the high-pressure cold air spray head is connected to the moving part.
9. The phase change heat absorption based cooling and oxygen supply system according to claim 8, wherein the adjusting mechanism of the high pressure cold air shower head further comprises:
the telescopic mechanism is arranged on the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline and stretches along with the deformation of the high-pressure cooling gas pipeline when the high-pressure cold air spray head moves.
10. The phase-change heat absorption-based cooling and oxygen supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a protection cabin is arranged at the bottom of the train body of the vacuum pipeline maglev train, and the high-pressure liquid oxygen pipe is arranged inside the protection cabin.
11. The phase change heat absorption based cooling and oxygen supply system according to claim 10, wherein the protection cabin is made of a laminated composite material, and the laminated composite material has at least three layers of structures, including honeycomb aluminum alloy in the middle and foam plastics in the two layers outside.
12. The phase change heat absorption based cooling and oxygen supply system according to claim 10, wherein the high pressure liquid oxygen tank is replaceably provided to a vehicle body of a vacuum pipeline magnetic levitation train, and the high pressure liquid oxygen tank is provided with a pressure sensor; when the pressure displayed by the pressure sensor is less than 1/3 of the pressure of the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank in the full state, and the vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train enters the station, the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank can be taken out of the protection cabin, and the high-pressure liquid oxygen tank in the full state is installed in the protection cabin.
13. A vacuum pipeline magnetic suspension train, comprising a train body and an equipment compartment arranged on the train body, wherein the equipment compartment is provided with a cooling system, and the cooling system is the cooling and oxygen supply system based on phase change heat absorption according to any one of the claims 1 to 11.
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