CN112944206A - Heat management system of hydrogen station for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water - Google Patents

Heat management system of hydrogen station for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112944206A
CN112944206A CN202110372526.2A CN202110372526A CN112944206A CN 112944206 A CN112944206 A CN 112944206A CN 202110372526 A CN202110372526 A CN 202110372526A CN 112944206 A CN112944206 A CN 112944206A
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China
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
heat
hydrogen production
temperature sensor
heat exchange
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Pending
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CN202110372526.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张信真
林今
李汶颖
胡强
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Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute EIRI Tsinghua University
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Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute EIRI Tsinghua University
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Priority to CN202110372526.2A priority Critical patent/CN112944206A/en
Publication of CN112944206A publication Critical patent/CN112944206A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/011—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0365—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling with recovery of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/01—Intermediate tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0631—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0689—Methods for controlling or regulating
    • F17C2250/0694—Methods for controlling or regulating with calculations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/01—Purifying the fluid
    • F17C2265/015—Purifying the fluid by separating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refueling vehicle fuel tanks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal management system of a hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen production. The system comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production hydrogenation station and a heat management device, wherein the water electrolysis hydrogen production hydrogenation station comprises water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, a gas purification device, a first compressor and a first hydrogenation gun; the heat management equipment comprises a heat pump, a first heat exchange tube, a second heat exchange tube, a heat exchanger, a first liquid pump and a second liquid pump, wherein one end of the first heat exchange tube is connected to the heat pump, the other end of the first heat exchange tube is connected to the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is installed on an air tube and used for cooling the air tube, one end of the second heat exchange tube is connected to the heat pump, the other end of the second heat exchange tube is connected to the electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment and used for absorbing heat in a cooling loop of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment. The system can control the temperature of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, and the temperature of hydrogen in the hydrogenation process reaches the requirement, thereby avoiding the damage to the service life of the equipment caused by the out-of-limit temperature of the equipment and avoiding the influence on the filling efficiency caused by the overhigh temperature of the hydrogen.

Description

Heat management system of hydrogen station for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, in particular to a thermal management system of a hydrogen production and hydrogenation station for electrolyzing water.
Background
With the rapid development of the hydrogen energy automobile industry, the hydrogen refueling station becomes a hot spot for research and development as an infrastructure of hydrogen energy traffic. At present, the main mode of a hydrogenation station is external hydrogen supply hydrogenation, but the problems of high cost of hydrogen storage and transportation exist.
The hydrogen production and hydrogenation station in the station can effectively save the transportation cost of hydrogen energy, and becomes one of the development concerns in the industry. The hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by water electrolysis is one of the technical routes of hydrogen production and hydrogenation stations in the station, and has entered the demonstration application stage. At present, a plurality of factory products exist in the markets of water electrolysis equipment and compressor equipment in a hydrogen production and hydrogenation station for water electrolysis, and the comprehensive management of the heat management of the water electrolysis equipment and the compressor equipment is not performed in the station-level system.
Therefore, an integrated comprehensive heat management technology is not available in the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water, so that the need for innovating the heat management technology to improve the temperature control precision of equipment and reduce the additional cost brought by a redundant heat management system is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat management system of a hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water, which can control the temperature of hydrogen production equipment by electrolyzing water, ensure that the temperature of hydrogen in the hydrogenation process meets the requirement, avoid the damage to the service life of the equipment caused by the out-of-limit temperature of the equipment and avoid the influence on the filling efficiency caused by the overhigh temperature of the hydrogen.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a thermal management system for a hydrogen-making and hydrogen-making station by electrolyzing water, which comprises:
the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station for water electrolysis comprises water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, a gas purification device, a first compressor, a first hydrogen storage tank, a first pressure reducing valve and a first hydrogenation gun which are sequentially communicated through a gas pipe;
the heat management equipment comprises a heat pump, a first heat exchange tube, a second heat exchange tube, a heat exchanger, a first liquid pump and a second liquid pump, wherein the first liquid pump is installed on the first heat exchange tube, one end of the first heat exchange tube is connected to the heat pump, cooling liquid is filled in the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube, the other end of the first heat exchange tube is connected to the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is installed on an air tube, the heat exchanger is used for cooling an air tube, the second liquid pump is installed on the second heat exchange tube, one end of the second heat exchange tube is connected to the heat pump, the other end of the second heat exchange tube is connected to the electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment, and the second heat exchange tube is used.
In an alternative embodiment, the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment comprises a transformer, an inverter and an electrolytic cell which are sequentially and electrically connected, wherein the transformer is used for being connected to a power grid, the electrolytic cell is used for producing hydrogen and oxygen and conveying the hydrogen and oxygen to a gas purification device, and the gas purification device is used for separating the hydrogen and the oxygen and conveying the hydrogen to a first compressor.
In an alternative embodiment, the pressure range of the first hydrogen storage tank is: 35MPa to 45 MPa.
In an alternative embodiment, the pressure range of the first hydrogen storage tank is: 70MPa to 85 MPa.
In an optional embodiment, the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by water electrolysis further comprises a second compressor, a second hydrogen storage tank, a second pressure reducing valve and a second hydrogenation gun which are sequentially communicated through a gas pipe, wherein the second compressor is communicated with the first hydrogen storage tank.
In an alternative embodiment, the pressure range of the first hydrogen storage tank is: 35 MPa-45 MPa, and the pressure range of the second hydrogen storage tank is as follows: 70MPa to 85 MPa.
In an optional embodiment, a first temperature sensor is installed at a coolant outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, a second temperature sensor is installed at a heat source outlet of the heat pump, a third temperature sensor is installed at a cold source outlet of the heat pump, and a fourth temperature sensor is installed in the heat exchanger.
In an alternative embodiment, a fourth temperature sensor is mounted in the heat exchanger at the outlet of the first compressor and a fifth temperature sensor is mounted in the heat exchanger at the outlet of the second compressor.
In an alternative embodiment, the system further comprises a controller electrically connected to the heat pump, the first liquid pump, the second liquid pump, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, the fourth temperature sensor, and the fifth temperature sensor.
In an alternative embodiment, the controller is configured to control the motor power of the first liquid pump in direct proportion to the temperature sensed by the third temperature sensor and to control the motor power of the second liquid pump in direct proportion to the temperature sensed by the first temperature sensor.
The heat management system for the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the first liquid pump, the first heat exchange tube and the heat exchanger in the heat management equipment are sequentially connected end to end and connected between the heat pump and an air tube of the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station for electrolyzing water, so that the heat of the air tube can be absorbed by the heat pump, the over-high temperature of the air tube is avoided, and the filling efficiency of hydrogen is reduced;
2. a second liquid pump and a second heat exchange pipe in the heat management equipment are connected end to end and connected between the heat pump and the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, so that heat in a cooling loop of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment can be absorbed by the heat pump, and the phenomenon that the temperature of the equipment is out of limit and the service life of the equipment is damaged is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the components of a thermal management system of a hydrogen refueling station for hydrogen production by water electrolysis according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a hydrogen-making and hydrogenating station by electrolyzing water in the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the controller in the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the components of a thermal management system of a hydrogen refueling station for hydrogen production from electrolyzed water according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a hydrogen-making and hydrogenating station by electrolyzing water in a second embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic connection diagram of a controller according to a second embodiment.
Icon: 1-a thermal management system of a hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water; 2-hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by water electrolysis; 21-trachea; 22-water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment; 221-a transformer; 222-an inverter; 223-an electrolytic cell; 23-a gas purification unit; 24-a first compressor; 25-a first hydrogen storage tank; 26-a first pressure relief valve; 27-a first hydrogenation gun; 28-a second compressor; 29-a second hydrogen storage tank; 30-a second pressure relief valve; 31-a second hydrogenation gun; 4-a thermal management device; 41-heat pump; 42-a first heat exchange tube; 43-a second heat exchange tube; 44-a heat exchanger; 45-a first liquid pump; 46-a second liquid pump; 5-a first temperature sensor; 6-a second temperature sensor; 7-a third temperature sensor; 8-a fourth temperature sensor; 9-a fifth temperature sensor; 10-a controller; 11-control system in station.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings or that the product of the present invention is used as it is, this is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and it does not indicate or imply that the device or the element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
The water electrolysis equipment in the market is mainly divided into alkaline water electrolysis equipment, proton exchange membrane water electrolysis equipment and solid oxide water electrolysis equipment. At present, two heat management technologies, namely water circulation cooling and natural air convection cooling, are mainly adopted in a heat management system of the water electrolysis equipment. The water circulation cooling technology faces the icing problem in low-temperature areas, and circulating water needs to be subjected to preheating treatment and heat preservation treatment in a low-temperature environment; the air natural convection cooling technology has larger difference of cooling capacity in low-temperature and high-temperature areas, has poorer temperature control capacity on the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station for electrolyzing water, but has lower cost.
After the hydrogen is produced and purified and dried in the water electrolysis hydrogen production hydrogenation station, the gas needs to be compressed to a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank by a compressor, and the hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank needs to be further compressed to realize the hydrogenation service of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile. Because the hydrogen volume density is less, but the hydrogen storage and filling pressure is greater, the compression ratio of the compressor in the compression process is greater, so that the gas temperature rise in the hydrogen compression process is higher and cooling is needed. At present, the compressors are mainly classified into diaphragm compressors, hydraulic piston compressors and ionic liquid compressors, and cooling methods including liquid circulation cooling and air natural convection cooling are adopted.
At present, the heat management technical scheme in the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water has the following problems:
1. the heat management of the electrolysis equipment and the compressor equipment in the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water is separated, so that redundancy exists in the heat management equipment, the purchase cost of the heat management equipment and the operation and maintenance cost of the hydrogenation station are high, and the optimized and improved space is large;
2. the circulating water cooling technology of the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water has the problem of icing under low temperature, circulating water preheating is needed before equipment is started, the difficulty and the cost of equipment operation and maintenance are improved, the natural air convection cooling technology of the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water has poor heat management capability, and the use area of the equipment is limited;
3. the circulating liquid cooling technology in the heat management technology of the compressor has the problems of large equipment redundancy and high cost, and the air cooling technology adopted by the compressor has poor heat management capability, so that equipment overheating and hydrogen overheating can be caused in the continuous operation process, and great potential safety hazards are brought.
4. The safe operation temperature range of the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water is 60-95 ℃, the outlet temperature of the compressor needs to be controlled below 110 ℃, and different temperature spaces of the equipment need to be optimized by a comprehensive heat management system.
First embodiment
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a thermal management system 1 (hereinafter referred to as "system") for a hydrogen production and hydrogenation station for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water, which is mainly used for a hydrogen production and hydrogenation station with a level of 35MPa or 70MPa, and includes a hydrogen production and hydrogenation station for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water 2 and a thermal management device 4.
Specifically, the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station 2 for water electrolysis comprises a hydrogen production device 22 for water electrolysis, a gas purification device 23, a first compressor 24, a first hydrogen storage tank 25, a first pressure reducing valve 26 and a first hydrogenation gun 27 which are sequentially communicated through a gas pipe 21.
The heat management device 4 comprises a heat pump 41, a first heat exchange tube 42, a second heat exchange tube 43, a heat exchanger 44, a first liquid pump 45 and a second liquid pump 46, wherein the first liquid pump 45 is installed on the first heat exchange tube 42, one end of the first heat exchange tube 42 is connected to the heat pump 41, the other end of the first heat exchange tube 42 is connected to the heat exchanger 44, the heat exchanger 44 is installed on the air tube 21, the heat exchanger 44 is used for cooling the air tube 21, the second liquid pump 46 is installed on the second heat exchange tube 43, one end of the second heat exchange tube 43 is connected to the heat pump 41, the other end of the second heat exchange tube 43 is connected to the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device 22, and the second heat exchange tube 43 is used for absorbing heat in a cooling loop of the electrolyzed.
The first heat exchange tube 42 and the second heat exchange tube 43 are filled with cooling liquid, the cooling liquid can be ethylene glycol aqueous solution or calcium chloride aqueous solution, and the concentration of ethylene glycol or calcium chloride is determined according to the lowest temperature of the environment, so as to prevent the cooling liquid from being solidified under the low temperature condition.
A first temperature sensor 5 is arranged at a cooling liquid outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment 22, a second temperature sensor 6 is arranged at a heat source outlet of the heat pump 41, a third temperature sensor 7 is arranged at a cold source outlet of the heat pump 41, and a fourth temperature sensor 8 is arranged in the heat exchanger 44.
Referring to fig. 2, the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment 22 includes a transformer 221, an inverter 222, and an electrolytic cell 223 electrically connected in sequence, wherein the transformer 221 is used for connecting to a power grid, the electrolytic cell 223 uses electric power to electrolyze water into hydrogen and oxygen, and transmits the hydrogen and oxygen to the gas purification device 23, the gas purification device 23 is used for separating the hydrogen and oxygen and transmitting the hydrogen to the first compressor 24, the first compressor 24 is used for compressing the hydrogen and storing the hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage tank 25, the hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage tank 25 is reduced in pressure to 35MPa by the first pressure reduction valve 26, and then the hydrogen is injected into the hydrogen energy vehicle by the first hydrogenation gun 27. Wherein, the oxygen can be selectively discharged into the air or stored in the oxygen tank through the compressor, and high-purity oxygen is supplied to industrial users.
Because the transportation and storage cost of hydrogen is high, the hydrogen station is difficult to realize and the development of the hydrogen energy transportation industry is limited. The water electrolysis hydrogen production hydrogenation station 2 adopted by the embodiment can utilize power transmission to replace hydrogen transmission, reduce the hydrogen energy storage cost and effectively improve the profit level of the hydrogenation station.
The types of the electrolytic cell 223 in the water electrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogenation station 2 comprise an alkali liquor water electrolysis hydrogen production cell, a proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production cell and a high-temperature solid medium water electrolysis hydrogen production cell. The electrolytic cell 223 in this embodiment is a low-temperature water electrolysis hydrogen production cell, and includes an alkali liquor water electrolysis hydrogen production cell and a proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production cell. The low-temperature electrolytic water hydrogen production tank needs to be kept within a set temperature range so as to ensure the stable structure of the internal material of the electrolytic tank 223 and avoid the service life attenuation of equipment. The operating temperature range of the hydrogen production tank by electrolyzing water with alkali liquor is as follows: the operating temperature range of the proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production tank is 60-95 ℃ as follows: 50-80 ℃. The hydrogen production equipment by low-temperature water electrolysis needs to be controlled within the range, so that the performance attenuation of internal materials of the equipment is avoided, and the service life of the equipment is influenced.
At present, the hydrogenation pressure grade of an external hydrogen supply hydrogenation station is divided into two specifications of 35MPa and 70MPa, so that a multistage pressure storage mode is required to be adopted in the hydrogenation station, and the multi-stage pressure storage mode is commonly configured as a long pipe storage (20MPa) for transportation, a low-pressure hydrogen storage tank (20 MPa-30 MPa), a medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank (35 MPa-45 MPa) and a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank (70 MPa-85 MPa), and the multistage pressure hydrogen storage tank can be adopted to improve the hydrogenation efficiency.
In this embodiment, the first hydrogen storage tank 25 may be a medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank or a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the pressure range of the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank is: 35 MPa-45 MPa, and the pressure range of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is as follows: 70MPa to 85 MPa.
The types of first compressor 24 include, among others, a piston type hydrogen compressor, a diaphragm type hydrogen compressor, and an ionic liquid hydrogen compressor.
The compressor that presses the hydrogen gas output from the electrolytic tank 223 into the first hydrogen storage tank 25 needs pre-cooling, after which the hydrogen gas is naturally cooled in the first hydrogen storage tank 25. Because the compression ratio of the hydrogen is large, the outlet temperature of the first compressor 24 is high, about 110-135 ℃, and the hydrogen can be injected into the hydrogen energy automobile only by cooling to the room temperature in time. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the heat exchanger 44 covers the gas pipe 21 between the first compressor 24 and the first hydrogen storage tank 25, so as to timely lower the temperature of the hydrogen gas output from the first compressor 24 and also to pre-cool the hydrogen gas before compression.
The conversion temperature of the hydrogen is-68.55 ℃, the expansion process higher than the temperature is a heating process, even if the hydrogen is cooled to-40 ℃, the pressure reduction expansion process of the hydrogen is a heating process in the hydrogenation process, and therefore, precooling is needed in the pressure reduction hydrogenation process of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. The first compressor 24 needs to compress hydrogen from 1 MPa-3 MPa to a medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank of 35 MPa-45 MPa, and the hydrogen compression is large in the process, so that the gas temperature is obviously increased. In the hydrogen filling process of a 35MPa hydrogen energy automobile, hydrogen is filled into a 35MPa on-automobile hydrogen storage tank from a medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank of 35 MPa-45 MPa under reduced pressure, the process belongs to the pressure reduction process, and the hydrogen temperature increase amplitude in the process is limited. In the hydrogen filling process of a 70MPa hydrogen energy automobile, hydrogen is filled into a 70MPa on-automobile hydrogen storage tank from a 70 MPa-85 MPa high-pressure hydrogen storage tank under reduced pressure, the process belongs to the pressure reduction process, and the hydrogen temperature increase amplitude in the process is limited.
Therefore, the temperature of the hydrogen at the outlet of the first compressor 24 in the hydrogen filling process needs to be refrigerated, and the temperature of the hydrogen at the outlet of the first pressure reducing valve 26 also needs to be refrigerated to meet the technical standards of the hydrogenation industry. In this regard, in the present embodiment, the heat exchanger 44 covers not only the gas pipe 21 at the outlet of the first compressor 24 but also the gas pipe 21 between the first pressure reducing valve 26 and the first hydrogenation gun 27, so as to complete the cooling of the hydrogen gas before the hydrogen gas is filled into the hydrogen-powered automobile.
Referring to fig. 3, the system further includes a controller 10, and the controller 10 is in communication with the heat pump 41, the first liquid pump 45, the second liquid pump 46, the first temperature sensor 5, the second temperature sensor 6, the third temperature sensor 7, the fourth temperature sensor 8, the electrolyzed water hydrogen production apparatus 22, the first compressor 24, the in-station control system 11, the first hydrogen storage tank 25, the first hydrogenation gun 27, the inverter 222, and the like.
The controller 10 obtains data of the in-station equipment and the temperature sensors, and includes pressure data of the first hydrogen storage tank 25, temperature data of the first temperature sensor 5, the second temperature sensor 6, the third temperature sensor 7 and the fourth temperature sensor 8, and the like, and the controller 10 issues control instructions to the first liquid pump 45, the second liquid pump 46 and the heat pump 41 according to a thermal management control algorithm to control the rotating speeds of the first liquid pump 45 and the second liquid pump 46 and the refrigerating capacity of the heat pump 41, so as to adjust the temperature of the electrolytic tank 223 and the hydrogen temperature at the outlet of the first compressor 24 and the outlet of the first pressure reducing valve 26. The operation data of the inverter 222 collected by the thermal management device 4 includes data of start-stop state, power, voltage, current, fault state, and the like. The operation data of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment 22 collected by the heat management equipment 4 includes data of start-stop state, temperature, alkaline liquor flow, oxygen flow, hydrogen flow, fault state and the like. The operation data of the first compressor 24 collected by the thermal management apparatus 4 includes start-stop state, power, airflow, fault state, and the like. The operation data of the in-station control system 11 of the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station collected by the thermal management device 4 includes an operation plan of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 22 and hydrogen energy automobile hydrogenation load prediction. The in-station control system 11 and the thermal management device 4 are in bidirectional communication, and the in-station control system 11 can directly issue a regulation and control instruction to the thermal management device 4 in an emergency, and control the thermal management device 4 to meet thermal management requirements in the emergency.
Taking the first hydrogen storage tank 25 as a medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank and the water electrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogenation station 2 at a 35MPa level as an example:
the heat pump 41 in the heat management device 4 absorbs heat energy from the coolant passing through the electrolytic cell 223 and converts the heat energy into cold energy to cool the hydrogen in the hydrogenation step.
For the alkaline electrolytic hydrogen production equipment, the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the first heat exchange tube 42 on the electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment 22 is 80-95 ℃, the coolant is driven by the second liquid pump 46 to enter the heat source end of the heat pump 41, the temperature of the coolant is reduced to 55 ℃ after heat exchange is completed inside the heat pump 41, and then the coolant enters the alkaline electrolytic bath 223 to be cooled.
For the proton exchange membrane electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the first heat exchange tube 42 on the electrolysis water hydrogen production equipment 22 is 65-80 ℃, the coolant is driven by the second liquid pump 46 to enter the heat source end of the heat pump 41, the temperature of the coolant is reduced to 45 ℃ after heat exchange is completed in the heat pump 41, and then the coolant enters the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 223 to be cooled.
The cooling liquid in the second heat exchange tube 43 of the hydrogenation link is driven by a first liquid pump 45, the temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the heat pump 41 is-5 ℃, then the cooling liquid is cooled for the hydrogen at the outlet of the first compressor 24 and the heat exchanger 44 at the outlet of the first pressure reducing valve 26, and then the cooling liquid flows back to the heat pump 41.
The 35 MPa-level water electrolysis hydrogen production hydrogenation station 2 produces and stores hydrogen in the valley electrovalence period, and then the high-pressure hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage tank 25 provides fuel filling service for the hydrogen energy automobile. Because the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage pipe is close to the ambient temperature, and the temperature is increased in the pressure reduction filling process to a limited extent, the heat management equipment 4 mainly manages the problem of heat comprehensive management in the combined operation process of hydrogen production by water electrolysis and a compressor.
The heat management modes of the 35 MPa-level water electrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogenation station 2 are divided into two modes, the first mode is a valley electricity price period, the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment 22 and a compressor run in a combined mode, the pressure of hydrogen in a medium-pressure hydrogen storage pipe reaches 45MPa, and the heat pump 41, the first liquid pump 45 and the second liquid pump 46 need to be controlled in a combined mode in the process; in the second mode, after the hydrogen in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank reaches 45MPa, the high-pressure hydrogen in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank is decompressed to provide hydrogenation service for the hydrogen energy automobile, and in the process, only the rotating speed of the first liquid pump 45 needs to be controlled, and the heat pump 41 and the second liquid pump are in a stop state.
The control method of the heat management equipment 4 of the 35 MPa-grade electrolyzed water hydrogen production and hydrogenation station 2 in the first mode is as follows:
[ MODEL I ] for an alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen plant 22. The controller 10 needs to control the operation power of the heat pump 41 to achieve a temperature of 55 c at the second temperature sensor 6 and-5 c at the third temperature sensor 7, and the motor power of the second liquid pump 46 is in direct proportion to the temperature of the first temperature sensor 5.
The power control formula for the heat pump 41 is:
P3hpALK(Δt1,Δt2)＝a11a*Δt1 2+a12a*Δt1+b11a*Δt2 2+b12a*Δt2+c11a
wherein, a11a、a12a、b11a、b12a、c11aParameter factors in the power control formula of the heat pump 41 are calculated for the equipment operation data; Δ t1、Δt2The temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the heat source end and the cold source end of the heat pump 41, respectively, and the heat pump 41 has a function of monitoring the temperature of the inlet and the outlet.
Δt1＝Thi-Tho
Δt1＝Tci-Tco
The motor power control equation for the second liquid pump 46 is:
P3p1ALK(T1)＝d11a*T1+e11a
wherein d is11a、e11aRespectively, are parameter factors in a power control formula of the liquid pump B equipment and are calculated from equipment operation data, and T is1The temperature data of the first temperature sensor 5 is obtained, and the temperature range is 80-95 ℃.
The motor power control of the first liquid pump 45 is formulated as
P3p2ALK(T3)＝d12a*T3+e12a
Wherein d is12a、e12aAre respectively parameter factors in the power control formula of the first liquid pump 45, calculated for the plant operating data, T3Is the temperature data of the third temperature sensor 7, which temperature data is related to the operating power of the first compressor 24.
The hydrogen production plant 22 is for water electrolysis with proton exchange membranes. The controller 10 needs to control the operating power of the heat pump 41 to achieve a temperature of 45 c for the second temperature sensor 6 and-5 c for the third temperature sensor 7, the motor power of the second liquid pump 46 being directly proportional to the temperature of the first temperature sensor 5.
The power control formula for the heat pump 41 is:
P3hpPEM(Δt1,Δt2)＝a11p*Δt1 2+a12p*Δt1+b11p*Δt2 2+b12p*Δt2+c11p
wherein, a11p、a12p、b11p、b12p、c11pParameter factors in the power control formula of the heat pump 41 are calculated for the equipment operation data; Δ t1、Δt2The temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the heat source end and the cold source end of the heat pump 41, respectively, and the heat pump 41 has a function of monitoring the temperature of the inlet and the outlet.
The motor power control equation for the second liquid pump 46 is:
P3p1PEM(T1)＝d11p*T1+e11p
wherein d is11p、e11pAre respectively the parameter factors in the power control formula of the second liquid pump 46, calculated for the plant operating data, T1Is the temperature data of the first temperature sensor 5, the temperature range is: 65-80 ℃.
The motor power control formula for the first liquid pump 45 is:
P3p2PEM(T2)＝d12p*T2+e12p
wherein d is12p、e12pAre respectively parameter factors in the power control formula of the first liquid pump 45 equipment and are calculated for the operation data of the equipment, T2Is the temperature data of the second temperature sensor 6.
The control method of the heat management equipment 4 of the 35 MPa-grade electrolyzed water hydrogen production and hydrogenation station 2 in the second mode is as follows:
in this mode, the controller 10 controls the rotation speed of the first liquid pump 45 to control the temperature of the hydrogen gas in the first gas tank to be increased during the pressure reduction process.
The motor power control formula for the first liquid pump 45 is:
P3p2(T4)＝d1p*T4+e1p
wherein d is1p、e1pAre respectively the firstA parameter factor in the power control equation for the fluid pump 45 calculated for the plant operating data, T4Is the temperature data of the fourth temperature sensor 8.
Taking the first hydrogen storage tank 25 as a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank and the water electrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogenation station 2 in the 70MPa grade as an example:
the heat pump 41 in the heat management device 4 absorbs heat energy from the coolant passing through the electrolytic cell 223 and converts the heat energy into cold energy to cool the hydrogen in the hydrogenation step.
For the alkaline electrolytic hydrogen production equipment, the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the first heat exchange tube 42 on the electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment 22 is 80-95 ℃, the coolant is driven by the second liquid pump 46 to enter the heat source end of the heat pump 41, the temperature of the coolant is reduced to 55 ℃ after heat exchange is completed inside the heat pump 41, and then the coolant enters the alkaline electrolytic bath 223 to be cooled.
For the proton exchange membrane electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the first heat exchange tube 42 on the electrolysis water hydrogen production equipment 22 is 60-80 ℃, the coolant is driven by the second liquid pump 46 to enter the heat source end of the heat pump 41, the temperature of the coolant is reduced to 45 ℃ after heat exchange is completed in the heat pump 41, and then the coolant enters the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell 223 to be cooled.
The cooling liquid in the second heat exchange tube 43 of the hydrogenation link is driven by a first liquid pump 45, the temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the heat pump 41 is-10 ℃, then the cooling liquid is cooled for the hydrogen at the outlet of the first compressor 24 and the heat exchanger 44 at the outlet of the first pressure reducing valve 26, and then the cooling liquid flows back to the heat pump 41.
Because two hydrogen compressors and a plurality of pressure reducing valves exist in the 70 MPa-level water electrolysis hydrogen production hydrogenation station 2, the temperature of the cooling liquid in the hydrogenation link needs to be lower so as to achieve the expected designed refrigeration effect.
The 70 MPa-level water electrolysis hydrogen production hydrogenation station 2 produces and stores hydrogen in the valley electrovalence period, and then the high-pressure hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage tank 25 provides fuel filling service for the hydrogen energy automobile. Because the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage pipe is close to the ambient temperature, and the temperature is increased in the pressure reduction filling process to a limited extent, the heat management equipment 4 mainly manages the problem of heat comprehensive management in the combined operation process of hydrogen production by water electrolysis and a compressor.
The heat management modes of the 70 MPa-level water electrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogenation station 2 are divided into two modes, the first mode is a valley electricity price period, the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment 22 and the compressor run in a combined mode, the pressure of hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage pipe reaches 85MPa, and the heat pump 41, the first liquid pump 45 and the second liquid pump 46 need to be controlled in a combined mode in the process; in the second mode, after the hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank reaches 85MPa, the high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is decompressed to provide hydrogenation service for the hydrogen energy automobile, and in the process, only the rotating speed of the first liquid pump 45 needs to be controlled, and the heat pump 41 and the second liquid pump are in a stop state.
The two heat management modes of the 70 MPa-level water electrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogenation station 2 are the same as those of the 35 MPa-level water electrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogenation station 2, and the detailed description is omitted here.
Second embodiment
Referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment provides a thermal management system 1 for a hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water, which is similar to the system provided in the first embodiment, and the difference is that the system provided in the present embodiment is mainly used for hydrogen production and hydrogenation stations at 35MPa and 70MPa levels.
On the basis of the structure of the system provided by the first embodiment, the hydrogen-making and hydrogenation station 2 for water electrolysis in this embodiment further includes a second compressor 28, a second hydrogen storage tank 29, a second pressure reducing valve 30 and a second hydrogenation gun 31 which are sequentially communicated through a gas pipe 21, wherein the second compressor 28 is communicated with the first hydrogen storage tank 25.
In this embodiment, the first hydrogen storage tank 25 is a medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the pressure range of the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank is as follows: 35 MPa-45 MPa, the second hydrogen storage tank 29 is a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the pressure range of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is as follows: 70MPa to 85 MPa.
A fifth temperature sensor 9 is installed in the heat exchanger 44 at the outlet position of the second compressor 28. The fifth temperature sensor 9 is electrically connected to the controller 10.
The gas pipe 21 between the second compressor 28 and the second hydrogen storage tank 29 and the gas pipe 21 between the second pressure reducing valve 30 and the second hydrogenation lance 31 are covered with heat exchangers 44.
Referring to fig. 5, the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment 22 includes a transformer 221, an inverter 222, and an electrolytic cell 223 electrically connected in sequence, wherein the transformer 221 is used for connecting to a power grid, the electrolytic cell 223 uses electric power to electrolyze water into hydrogen and oxygen, and transmits the hydrogen and oxygen to the gas purification device 23, the gas purification device 23 is used for separating hydrogen and oxygen, and transmits the hydrogen to the first compressor 24, the first compressor 24 is used for compressing the hydrogen and storing the hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage tank 25, the hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage tank 25 is reduced in pressure to 35MPa by the first pressure reduction valve 26, and then the hydrogen is injected into the hydrogen energy vehicle by the first hydrogenation gun 27. The second compressor 28 is used for compressing the hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage tank 25 and storing the compressed hydrogen into the second hydrogen storage tank 29, and after the pressure of the hydrogen in the second hydrogen storage tank 29 is reduced to 70MPa by the second pressure reducing valve 30, the hydrogen is filled into the hydrogen energy automobile by the second hydrogenation gun 31. Wherein, the oxygen can be selectively discharged into the air or stored in the oxygen tank through the compressor, and high-purity oxygen is supplied to industrial users.
Referring to fig. 6, the system further includes a controller 10, and the controller 10 is in communication with a heat pump 41, a first liquid pump 45, a second liquid pump 46, a first temperature sensor 5, a second temperature sensor 6, a third temperature sensor 7, a fourth temperature sensor 8, a fifth temperature sensor 9, the electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment 22, a first compressor 24, a second compressor 28, the in-station control system 11, a first hydrogen storage tank 25, a second hydrogen storage tank 29, a first hydrogenation gun 27, a second hydrogenation gun 31, an inverter 222, and the like.
The controller 10 obtains data of the in-station equipment and the temperature sensors, and includes pressure data of the first hydrogen storage tank 25 and the second hydrogen storage tank 29, temperature data of the first temperature sensor 5, the second temperature sensor 6, the third temperature sensor 7, the fourth temperature sensor 8 and the fifth temperature sensor 9, and the like, and the controller 10 issues control instructions to the first liquid pump 45, the second liquid pump 46 and the heat pump 41 according to a thermal management control algorithm to control the rotating speeds of the first liquid pump 45 and the second liquid pump 46 and the refrigerating capacity of the heat pump 41, so as to adjust the temperature of the electrolytic tank 223 and the hydrogen temperature at the outlet of the first compressor 24 and the outlet of the first pressure reducing valve 26. The operation data of the inverter 222 collected by the thermal management device 4 includes data of start-stop state, power, voltage, current, fault state, and the like. The operation data of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production equipment 22 collected by the heat management equipment 4 includes data of start-stop state, temperature, alkaline liquor flow, oxygen flow, hydrogen flow, fault state and the like. The operation data of the first compressor 24 and the second compressor 28 collected by the thermal management apparatus 4 includes start-stop state, power, gas flow, fault state, and the like. The operation data of the in-station control system 11 of the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station collected by the thermal management device 4 includes an operation plan of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 22 and hydrogen energy automobile hydrogenation load prediction. The in-station control system 11 and the thermal management device 4 are in bidirectional communication, and the in-station control system 11 can directly issue a regulation and control instruction to the thermal management device 4 in an emergency, and control the thermal management device 4 to meet thermal management requirements in the emergency.
The 35MPa and 70MPa grade water electrolysis hydrogen production hydrogenation station 2 produces and stores hydrogen in the valley electrovalence period, and then high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank provides fuel filling service for hydrogen energy vehicles. Because the temperature of the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage pipe is close to the ambient temperature, and the temperature is increased in the pressure reduction filling process to a limited extent, the heat comprehensive management problem in the combined operation process of the electrolytic water hydrogen production and the compressor is mainly managed by the heat management system in the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station.
The heat management modes of the water electrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogenation station 2 are divided into two modes, the first mode is a valley electricity price period, the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment 22 and the compressor run in a combined mode, the hydrogen pressure in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank reach 45MPa and 85MPa respectively, and the heat pump 41, the first liquid pump 45 and the second liquid pump 46 need to be controlled in a combined mode in the process; in the second mode, after the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank reaches the preset pressure, the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is decompressed to provide hydrogenation service for the hydrogen energy automobile with the corresponding pressure level, in the process, only the rotating speed of the first liquid pump 45 needs to be controlled, and the heat pump 41 and the second liquid pump are in a stop state. The second compressor 28 can be started temporarily as required during the operation of the hydrogen station to ensure that enough hydrogen is in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank.
The control method of the heat management equipment 4 of the water electrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogenation station 2 aiming at the grades of 35MPa and 70MPa in the first mode is as follows:
[ MODEL I ] for an alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen plant 22. The controller 10 controls the operation power of the heat pump 41 to achieve a temperature of 55 c at the second temperature sensor 6 and-10 c at the third temperature sensor 7, and the motor power of the second liquid pump 46 is in direct proportion to the temperature of the first temperature sensor 5.
The power control equation of the heat pump 41, the motor power control equation of the second liquid pump 46, and the motor power control equation of the first liquid pump 45 are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The hydrogen production plant 22 is for water electrolysis with proton exchange membranes. The controller 10 controls the operation power of the heat pump 41 to achieve a temperature of 45 c at the second temperature sensor 6 and-10 c at the third temperature sensor 7, and the motor power of the second liquid pump 46 is in direct proportion to the temperature of the first temperature sensor 5.
The power control equation of the heat pump 41, the motor power control equation of the second liquid pump 46, and the motor power control equation of the first liquid pump 45 are the same as those in the first embodiment.
In the second mode, the thermal management device 4 controls the rotation speed of the first liquid pump 45 to control the temperature rise in the hydrogen pressure reduction process in the hydrogen tank. Due to the presence of the hydrogen storage tanks of two pressure levels, the first compressor 24 in the station is started when the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is insufficient, and the hydrogen gas in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank is pressed into the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank.
The motor power control formula for the first liquid pump 45 is:
P2p2(T4T5)＝d31p*T4+d32p*T5+e3p
wherein d is31p、d32p、e3pAre respectively parameter factors in the power control formula of the first liquid pump 45, calculated for the plant operating data, T4、T5Respectively, the temperature data of the fourth temperature sensor 8 and the fifth temperature sensor 9.
In addition to the above two control modes, the control mode of the thermal management device 4 of the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station with different pressure levels may also receive the operation states of the heat pump 41 and the liquid pump, which are dynamically adjusted by the operation states of other devices in the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station, from the thermal management device 4.
For example, 1: when the pressure of hydrogen gas in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage tank is less than or equal to 37MPa, in order to ensure that enough hydrogen energy is available in the hydrogen production hydrogenation station to provide hydrogenation service, the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment 22 and the compressor are both required to be started to provide temporary hydrogen production and storage. In this case, the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station may start the heat pump 41 according to an instruction issued by the station control software or according to monitoring the start of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment 22 and the start of the compressor, so as to ensure that the heat management achieves the expected effect.
For example, 2: when the ambient temperature is high in summer, the thermal management device 4 can receive an instruction issued by the station control software, and the operation power is increased to ensure that the thermal management achieves the expected effect.
The heat management system 1 for the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water provided by the above embodiment of the invention has the effective effects that:
1. the first liquid pump 45, the first heat exchange tube 42 and the heat exchanger 44 in the heat management device 4 are sequentially connected end to end and connected between the heat pump 41 and the gas tube 21 of the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station for electrolyzing water 2, so that the heat of the gas tube 21 can be absorbed by the heat pump 41, the gas tube 21 is prevented from being overhigh in temperature and the hydrogen filling efficiency is reduced;
2. the second liquid pump 46 and the second heat exchange tube 43 in the heat management device 4 are connected end to end and connected between the heat pump 41 and the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device 22, so that heat in a cooling loop of the electrolyzed water hydrogen production device 22 can be absorbed by the heat pump 41, and the hydrogen production device is prevented from being overhigh in temperature and causing damage to the service life of the device;
3. the heat comprehensive management of the electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment 22, the compressor, the pressure reducing valve and other equipment is realized, the integration level of the heat management system is improved, the equipment redundancy problem caused by independently configuring the heat management equipment 4 for different equipment is reduced, the heat management precision of the system is improved, and the problem of poor precision of the air cooling heat management system is effectively reduced;
4. the heat pump 41 is used for absorbing the heat energy generated in the operation process of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment 22 to provide a heat source for the refrigeration of the compressor and the pressure reducing valve, so that the energy consumption of the equipment in the refrigeration process is effectively reduced, meanwhile, the fine control is carried out according to the operation mode of the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station, and the operation energy consumption of the heat management system in the standby process is effectively reduced;
5. the system adopts the design of the anti-freezing cooling liquid, so that the problem caused by water freezing in a water cooling system is effectively avoided;
6. the system can receive instructions of station control software of the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station, dynamically adjust the operation state of the thermal management system according to the operation condition of the whole station, and effectively improve the flexibility of the thermal management system.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A thermal management system of a hydrogen-making hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water is characterized by comprising:
the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station (2) for water electrolysis comprises water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment (22), a first compressor (24), a first hydrogen storage tank (25) and a first pressure reducing valve (26) which are communicated through an air pipe (21);
heat management apparatus (4) comprising a heat pump (41), a first heat exchange tube (42), a second heat exchange tube (43), a heat exchanger (44), a first liquid pump (45) and a second liquid pump (46), wherein the first liquid pump (45) is installed on the first heat exchange tube (42), one end of the first heat exchange tube (42) is connected to the heat pump (41), the first heat exchange tube (42) and the second heat exchange tube (43) are filled with a cooling liquid, the other end of the first heat exchange tube (42) is connected to the heat exchanger (44), the heat exchanger (44) is installed on the air tube (21) at the outlet position of the first compressor (24) and the first pressure reducing valve (26), the heat exchanger (44) is used for cooling the air tube (21), the second liquid pump (46) is installed on the second heat exchange tube (43), one end of the second heat exchange pipe (43) is connected to the heat pump (41), the other end of the second heat exchange pipe (43) is connected to the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment (22), and the second heat exchange pipe (43) is used for absorbing heat generated by the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment (22) in the operation process.
2. The thermal management system for the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water (2) further comprises a gas purification device (23), and the hydrogen production equipment by electrolyzing water (22) comprises a transformer (221), an inverter (222) and an electrolytic cell (223) which are electrically connected in sequence, wherein the transformer (221) is used for connecting to a power grid, the electrolytic cell (223) is used for producing hydrogen and oxygen and delivering the hydrogen and oxygen to the gas purification device (23), and the gas purification device (23) is used for separating the hydrogen and the oxygen and delivering the hydrogen to the first compressor (24).
3. The thermal management system for the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure range of the first hydrogen storage tank (25) is: 35MPa to 45 MPa.
4. The thermal management system for the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water (2) further comprises a second compressor (28), a second hydrogen storage tank (29), a second pressure reducing valve (30) and a second hydrogenation gun (31) which are sequentially communicated through a gas pipe (21), wherein the second compressor (28) is communicated with the first hydrogen storage tank (25).
5. The thermal management system for the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water as claimed in claim 4, wherein the pressure range of the first hydrogen storage tank (25) is: 35MPa to 45MPa, and the pressure range of the second hydrogen storage tank (29) is as follows: 70MPa to 85 MPa.
6. The thermal management system for the hydrogen production and hydrogenation station by electrolyzing water as claimed in claim 5, wherein a first temperature sensor (5) is installed at a coolant outlet of the hydrogen production equipment (22), a second temperature sensor (6) is installed at a heat source outlet of the heat pump (41), a third temperature sensor (7) is installed at a cold source outlet of the heat pump (41), and a fourth temperature sensor (8) is installed in the heat exchanger (44).
7. The electrolytic water hydrogen production hydrogen plant thermal management system according to claim 6, characterized in that the fourth temperature sensor (8) is installed in the heat exchanger (44) at the outlet position of the first compressor (24), and the fifth temperature sensor (9) is installed in the heat exchanger (44) at the outlet position of the second compressor (28).
8. The electrolytic water hydrogen production hydrogen refueling station thermal management system according to claim 7, further comprising a controller (10), wherein the controller (10) is electrically connected with the heat pump (41), the first liquid pump (45), the second liquid pump (46), the first temperature sensor (5), the second temperature sensor (6), the third temperature sensor (7), the fourth temperature sensor (8), and the fifth temperature sensor (9).
9. The thermal management system for hydrogen production and hydrogenation stations by electrolyzing water as claimed in claim 8, wherein the controller (10) is configured to control the motor power of the first liquid pump (45) to be in direct proportion to the detected temperature of the third temperature sensor (7), and the motor power of the second liquid pump (46) to be in direct proportion to the detected temperature of the first temperature sensor (5).
CN202110372526.2A 2021-04-07 2021-04-07 Heat management system of hydrogen station for hydrogen production by electrolyzing water Pending CN112944206A (en)

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Cited By (9)

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CN113699539A (en) * 2021-09-17 2021-11-26 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Heat integration system and method for dynamic hydrogen production process
CN113774431A (en) * 2021-10-26 2021-12-10 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Heat management system and method for alkaline hydrogen production electrolytic cell
CN113790394A (en) * 2021-08-24 2021-12-14 阳光新能源开发有限公司 Hydrogen production and hydrogenation system, control method and control device
CN113852107A (en) * 2021-09-23 2021-12-28 江苏伟创晶智能科技有限公司 Micro-grid system integrating hydrogen storage system and fuel cell power generation system
CN114087904A (en) * 2021-12-22 2022-02-25 清华大学 Electric hydrogen production waste heat utilization device and method
CN114687989A (en) * 2022-03-31 2022-07-01 福州大学 Energy-saving on-site hydrogen production hydrogenation station system
CN115076595A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-09-20 上海氢枫能源技术有限公司 Switch control method and system for hydrogen filling station
WO2023169400A1 (en) * 2022-03-11 2023-09-14 天合光能股份有限公司 Optical storage hydrogen production system and operation method thereof
AT526100A1 (en) * 2022-05-10 2023-11-15 Hoerbiger Wien Gmbh Device for providing hydrogen

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113790394A (en) * 2021-08-24 2021-12-14 阳光新能源开发有限公司 Hydrogen production and hydrogenation system, control method and control device
CN113699539A (en) * 2021-09-17 2021-11-26 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Heat integration system and method for dynamic hydrogen production process
CN113852107A (en) * 2021-09-23 2021-12-28 江苏伟创晶智能科技有限公司 Micro-grid system integrating hydrogen storage system and fuel cell power generation system
CN113774431A (en) * 2021-10-26 2021-12-10 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Heat management system and method for alkaline hydrogen production electrolytic cell
CN114087904A (en) * 2021-12-22 2022-02-25 清华大学 Electric hydrogen production waste heat utilization device and method
WO2023169400A1 (en) * 2022-03-11 2023-09-14 天合光能股份有限公司 Optical storage hydrogen production system and operation method thereof
CN114687989A (en) * 2022-03-31 2022-07-01 福州大学 Energy-saving on-site hydrogen production hydrogenation station system
CN114687989B (en) * 2022-03-31 2023-01-03 福州大学 Energy-saving on-site hydrogen production hydrogenation station system
AT526100A1 (en) * 2022-05-10 2023-11-15 Hoerbiger Wien Gmbh Device for providing hydrogen
AT526100B1 (en) * 2022-05-10 2023-12-15 Hoerbiger Wien Gmbh Device for providing hydrogen
CN115076595A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-09-20 上海氢枫能源技术有限公司 Switch control method and system for hydrogen filling station
CN115076595B (en) * 2022-05-18 2024-01-05 上海氢枫能源技术有限公司 Switch control method and system for hydrogen adding station

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