CN115549142A - Energy balance system and method for compressed air energy storage power station - Google Patents
Energy balance system and method for compressed air energy storage power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN115549142A CN115549142A CN202211371612.2A CN202211371612A CN115549142A CN 115549142 A CN115549142 A CN 115549142A CN 202211371612 A CN202211371612 A CN 202211371612A CN 115549142 A CN115549142 A CN 115549142A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
- H02J15/006—Systems for storing electric energy in the form of pneumatic energy, e.g. compressed air energy storage [CAES]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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Abstract
The invention provides an energy balance system and method for a compressed air energy storage power station, wherein the energy balance system comprises: the invention enables the compressed air energy storage power station to better keep the designed rated power generation power and generated energy of the power station, effectively balance energy circulation and working medium circulation, ensure the safe and stable operation of a unit, improve the integral discharging speed of the power station, meet the instant scheduling instruction of the power network as far as possible, avoid using the electric energy of the power network when the energy needs to be discharged, and improve the operation economy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage power stations, in particular to an energy balance system and method for a compressed air energy storage power station.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is a low-cost and large-capacity Energy Storage technology for realizing electric Energy Storage by Compressed Air, and can play the roles of 'peak clipping and valley filling', 'black start of a power grid', fluctuation of intermittent renewable Energy sources and the like in the power grid. According to the modes of processing compression heat and expansion preheating, common compressed air energy storage technologies can be divided into an external heat source type and a heat insulation type, wherein in the external heat source type, the compression heat is taken away by a cooling medium, and the expansion preheating adopts an external heat source, so that the overall efficiency is low; in the heat insulation type, the compression heat is recycled by the heat storage working medium to be used for preheating the expansion machine, so that the overall efficiency is higher, and the application is more.
When the electricity is used at the peak and the valley of power generation, the redundant electric energy of the power grid is not consumed, the compressed air energy storage power station can receive the electric energy of the power grid, and the air compressor is driven by the motor to compress the air in the environment into high-pressure air which is stored for later use; when the electricity consumption peak at the power generation valley, the electric network needs electric energy supplement, the compressed air energy storage power station uses the stored high-pressure air to drive the expander, the expander drives the generator to generate electricity for the power supply network, and the air at the outlet of the expander is discharged into the atmosphere.
The adjustment of electric energy in the time dimension can be realized to the energy storage, can play when needing with the surplus electric storage that does not get up to the needs to help the electric wire netting to a certain extent break away from the electric energy and need to send out the restraint of usefulness promptly, and present compressed air energy storage technique has following several aspects problems:
(1) The energy absorption amount and the release amount are unbalanced, for the heat insulation type compressed air energy storage, the heat storage medium absorbs heat at the end of a compressor, and releases the heat at the end of an expander after being stored for a period of time, and the process has a large energy absorption amount and release amount difference due to the following reasons: firstly, a heat preservation process exists between the heat absorption process and the heat release process, and the heat loss during the heat preservation process can cause the heat release amount to be smaller than the absorption amount; secondly, the heat storage medium at the end of the air compressor is heated to high temperature from the approximate normal temperature, but the end of the expander can not fully release heat to the normal temperature, so that the heat release amount is smaller than the absorption amount; thirdly, when the environment changes, such as heat storage at night and heat release in the day, the temperature at night is low under the premise that the heat storage amount is not changed, the final temperature after heat absorption is low, the environment temperature is high during expansion, the situation that the heat release amount is smaller than the absorption amount is aggravated, and the imbalance between the energy absorption amount and the release amount causes the reduction of the power generation power and the power generation amount of the expansion generator set;
(2) The energy circulation is unbalanced with the working medium circulation, the compressed air energy storage is actually that the working medium and the energy are respectively stored, namely the compressed air is only used as the working medium, the enthalpy value is basically consistent with the environmental state in the high-pressure state, and the enthalpy output by the high-pressure air in the expansion machine is actually from the outside (external heat source type) or the heat storage medium (heat insulation type); the energy circulation has difference of absorption and release quantity, and the working medium circulation also has gas quantity and pressure difference in the compression and expansion process; the two circulations separated at the end of the compressor cannot be perfectly coupled in a balanced manner at the end of the expander due to various influences, so that the circulation is not smooth or even blocked, and the safe and stable operation of a unit is influenced;
(3) The energy release is difficult to respond to the real-time allocation of the power grid, the expansion generator set can theoretically reach full-load operation from a cold state within a few minutes, but the adjustment and preheating preparation of the whole set of system are considered in actual operation, the time from the receiving of a power generation instruction of the power grid to the stable operation of the unit can reach dozens of minutes or even more than one hour, the response speed is not fast enough, and the real-time requirement of the power grid allocation instruction is difficult to meet;
(4) The energy release time is contradictory to the power grid requirement, the operation mode of the compressed air energy storage power station is intermittent operation, the power station is required to release electric energy during energy release, but the power station energy release start needs to consume electric energy (an electric pump motor, an electric control instrument, other electric equipment and the like), so that when the power grid needs to generate electricity most urgently, the compressed air energy storage power station has a section of electricity utilization process instead, and due to the existence of the electricity price peak valley difference, the process can improve the operation cost (electricity utilization during high electricity price) of the energy storage power station.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an energy balance system and method for a compressed air energy storage power station.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an energy balance system of a compressed air energy storage power station in a first aspect.
A compressed air energy storage power plant energy balancing system comprising: the system comprises an energy balance monitoring system, and a storage battery system, a heat energy supplementing system and a plant supplementing system which are respectively communicated with the energy balance monitoring system;
an energy balance monitoring system configured at least to: and when the total energy storage and power generation amount of the compressed air is smaller than the product of the total power consumption amount and the electric conversion efficiency, and the difference between the total energy storage and power generation amount of the compressed air and the product of the total power consumption amount and the electric conversion efficiency is larger than a first set threshold, starting the energy storage battery system to supply power to the heat energy supplementing system so as to supplement the energy of the hot water tank.
As an implementation manner of the first aspect of the invention, the energy balance monitoring system is further configured to: when the criterion 1, the criterion 2 and the criterion 3 are simultaneously established, starting the energy storage battery system to supply power to the heat energy supplementing system, or starting the energy storage battery system to supply power to the station service supplementing system so as to drive the hot water pump and the cooling tower;
criterion 1: the corresponding energy of the high-pressure air is greater than the energy of the hot water, and the difference between the two is greater than a second set threshold, or the corresponding energy of the high-pressure air is less than the energy of the hot water, and the difference between the two is greater than the second set threshold;
criterion 2: predicting that the actual power generation amount is equal to the minimum value of the energy corresponding to the high-pressure air and the energy of the hot water, predicting that the actual power generation amount is smaller than the maximum value of the energy corresponding to the high-pressure air and the energy of the hot water, predicting that the difference between the actual power generation amount and the maximum value of the energy corresponding to the high-pressure air and the energy of the hot water is larger than a third set threshold value, and predicting that the maximum value of the energy corresponding to the high-pressure air and the energy of the hot water is smaller than or equal to the product of the designed power generation amount and the electric conversion efficiency;
criterion 3: the difference between the absolute value of the difference between the energy of the hot water and the corresponding energy of the high-pressure air and zero is larger than a fourth set threshold value.
As an implementation manner of the first aspect of the invention, the energy balance monitoring system is further configured to:
and when the dispatching required power is larger than the current generating power, starting the energy storage battery system to supply power to the power grid.
As an implementation manner of the first aspect of the invention, the energy balance monitoring system is further configured to: and when the dispatching required power is larger than zero and the generated energy is smaller than the service power requirement, starting the energy storage battery system to supply power to the service power supply system.
As an alternative implementation manner of the first aspect of the present invention, the thermal energy supplement system is a hot water tank and a temperature sensing element matched with the hot water tank, and the temperature sensing element is in communication with the energy balance monitoring system.
As an implementation manner of the first aspect of the invention, a compressed air energy storage power station includes: the system comprises an air filter, an air compressor, a motor, an air cooler, an air storage tank, a hot water tank, an air preheater, a hot water pump, a hot water bypass valve, a cold water pump, a cold water tank, a cooling tower, an air expander and a generator;
the air filter is communicated with an air compressor, the air compressor is connected with the motor in a matching way, the air compressor is communicated with an air cooler, the air cooler is also respectively communicated with an air storage tank, a hot water tank and a cold water pump, the air storage tank is communicated with an air preheater, the air preheater is connected with an air expander in a matching way, and the air expander is communicated with the generator;
the hot water tank is communicated with the hot water pump, a liquid outlet connecting pipeline of the hot water pump is divided into a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is communicated with the air preheater, the second branch is communicated with the cooling tower after being converged with a liquid outlet pipeline of the air preheater, and a valve is arranged on the second branch;
the liquid outlet port of the cooling tower is communicated with a cold water tank, the cold water tank is communicated with a cold water pump, the service power supply system is electrically connected with the hot water pump, the cold water pump and the cooling tower respectively, the storage battery system is connected with a power grid, the storage battery system is electrically connected with the service power supply system and the heat energy supply system respectively, the motor is connected with the power grid, and the generator is connected with the power grid.
As a further limitation of the first aspect of the present invention, the energy storage battery is a fuel cell, a lithium battery or a flow battery, an electric heating device or a heat pump system is disposed in the hot water tank, and the electric heating device or the heat pump system is electrically connected to the storage battery system.
The invention provides a compressed air energy storage power station energy balance method.
The energy balance method of the compressed air energy storage power station utilizes the energy balance system of the compressed air energy storage power station in the first aspect of the invention, and comprises the following processes:
when the power grid dispatching requires the compressed air energy storage power station to start energy storage, the compressed air energy storage station is started to operate, the power grid electric energy is received, the storage battery system is synchronously started, and the power grid electric energy is received until the storage battery system is fully stored;
when the energy balance monitoring system monitors that the temperature of hot water is reduced or the predicted heat release is smaller than the set heat release due to the change of the environmental temperature, the energy balance monitoring system sends a control instruction, the storage battery system supplies power for the heat energy supplementing system, and the heat energy supplementing system adopts an electric heating device to heat the hot water until the energy balance monitoring system judges that the balance is recovered and stops;
when the energy cycle and the working medium cycle are unbalanced, when the energy balance monitoring system monitors that the reserve volume of the air storage tank is greater than a first set value, the pressure is greater than a second set value, the water volume of the hot water tank is less than a third set value and the water temperature is less than a fourth set value, the energy balance monitoring system sends a control instruction, the storage battery system supplies power to the heat energy supplementing system, and the heat energy supplementing system adopts an electric heating device to heat the hot water until the energy balance monitoring system judges that the balance is restored and then stops;
when the energy balance monitoring system monitors that the storage capacity of the air storage tank is smaller than a fifth set value and the pressure is smaller than a sixth set value, and the water quantity of the hot water tank is larger than a seventh set value and the water temperature is larger than an eighth set value, the energy balance monitoring system sends a control instruction, the storage battery system supplies power to the plant power supply system, the plant power supply system starts a hot water pump, a hot water bypass valve and a fan of the cooling tower, and redundant hot water is discharged and cooled until the energy balance monitoring system judges that the balance is recovered and then stops.
As an optional implementation manner in the second aspect of the present invention, when power grid dispatching requires power generation of an energy storage power station, and the air expander and the generator cannot be operated in a grid-connected mode at the first time, the energy balance monitoring system controls the storage battery system to generate power in a grid-connected mode after receiving a dispatching instruction; when the air expander and the generator can be connected to the grid, the energy balance monitoring system continuously maintains the storage battery system to be connected to the grid for generating electricity or switches the storage battery system out according to actual requirements.
As an optional implementation manner of the second aspect of the present invention, when power grid dispatching requires the compressed air energy storage power station to generate power, the power consumption of the equipment in the starting process of the compressed air energy storage power station is supplied by the storage battery system, and when the energy balance monitoring system monitors that the air expansion machine and the generator can normally supply power to the plant equipment, the storage battery system is switched out.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention innovatively provides a system and a method for balancing energy of a compressed air energy storage power station, which can be used for storing and releasing battery energy in due time by monitoring and judging the energy configuration condition of the compressed air energy storage power station, thereby overcoming various defects of self energy circulation of the power station and matching with a power grid.
2. By utilizing the energy balance system of the compressed air energy storage power station, the compressed air energy storage power station can better keep the designed rated power generation power and generated energy of the power station; energy circulation and working medium circulation can be effectively balanced, and the safe and stable operation of the unit is guaranteed; the integral energy release speed of the power station can be improved, and the instant scheduling instruction of the power grid can be met as much as possible; the power grid electric energy can be prevented from being used when the energy needs to be discharged, and the running economy is improved.
Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional compressed air energy storage system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a compressed air energy storage power station and an energy balance system thereof according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
wherein, 1-power grid; 2-an air filter; 3-an air compressor; 4-an electric motor; 5-an air cooler; 6-high pressure air storage tank; 7-an air preheater; 8-an air expander; 9-a generator; 10-a cooling tower; 11-a cold water tank; 12-a cold water pump; 13-a hot water tank; 14-a hot water pump; 15-hot water bypass valve; 16-atmospheric environment; 17-a thermal energy supplement system; 18-a service power supplementing system; 19-a battery system; 20-energy balance monitoring system.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the conventional compressed air energy storage system includes: the system comprises an electric power system, an air circulation system and a water circulation system, wherein the electric power system is responsible for drawing electricity from a power grid 1 to drive a motor 4 for an air compressor 3, transmitting a generator 9 driven by an air expansion machine 8 to the power grid after generating electricity and transforming voltage, and distributing electricity by power utilization facilities in the whole plant;
the air circulation system comprises main equipment such as an air filter 2, an air compressor 3, an air cooler 5, a compressed air storage tank 6, an air preheater 7, an air expander 8 and the like, the air compressor 3 sucks and compresses air filtered by the air filter 2, the air cooler 5 cools the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure air to normal temperature by using cold water, the compressed air storage tank 6 is used for storing high-pressure air, the air preheater 7 heats the normal-temperature and high-pressure air to a temperature level before cooling by using hot water, and finally the air enters the air expander 8 to drive the generator 9 to generate electricity;
the water circulation system comprises a cold water tank 11, a cold water pump 12 and a cooling tower 10, cold water is pressurized and sent to the air cooler 5 through the cold water pump 12 to cool air, heated hot water is sent to a hot water tank 13 to be stored, the heated hot water is sent to the air preheater 7 through the hot water pump 14 to heat air when power generation is needed, the water is sent to the cooling tower 10 after being cooled to continue to be cooled to the normal temperature level, and finally the cooled water is sent back to the cold water tank 11 to wait for next standby.
On the basis of the conventional compressed air energy storage system shown in fig. 1, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an energy balance system for a compressed air energy storage power station, as shown in fig. 2, including: an energy balance monitoring system 20, and a battery system 19, a thermal energy supplementing system 17 and a plant supplementing system 18 which are respectively communicated with the energy balance monitoring system;
the heat storage media commonly used in the compressed air energy storage power station include water, molten salt, heat transfer oil, and the like, and the system of the present invention is described in this embodiment by taking water as an example.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Energy balance monitoring system
The energy balance monitoring system is responsible for the logic of the whole system, judges the state of the system by monitoring various parameters in real time, sends an instruction to command the coordination of various systems and maintains the energy balance of the power station. The main monitoring targets are as follows: hot-water tank, air storage tank, atmospheric environment, battery system, electric power system etc. main control objective has: the system comprises an energy storage battery system, a heat energy supplementing system, a station service supplementing system and the like:
logic 1: and the balance of the consumption and the release of the electric quantity of the energy storage power station is maintained.
Monitoring the hot water tank, the atmospheric environment and the like, and calculating according to the enthalpy value, if the enthalpy value is generated:
A e <<A c *η (1)
namely, the total amount A of the compressed air energy storage and power generation is predicted e Is substantially less than the total power consumption A c And the product of the electric conversion efficiency eta and the electric conversion efficiency eta (the difference value of the two is greater than a first set threshold), the energy storage battery system is started to supply power to the heat energy supplementing system to supplement energy for the hot water tank, and the total power generation amount A is increased e And finally, balancing is achieved:
A e ＝ A c *η (2)
logic 2: the balance of energy circulation and working medium circulation is maintained.
Monitoring a hot water tank, an air storage tank, an atmospheric environment and the like, and according to the matching condition of materials and energy, if the criterion 1, the criterion 2 and the criterion 3 occur simultaneously:
criterion 1: a. The a >>A w orA a <<A w (3)
Criterion 2: a. The e ＝min(A w ，A a )<< max(A w ，A a )≦A c *η (4)
Criterion 3: abs (A) w -A a )>>0(5)
In this example, A a >>A w orA a <<A w I.e. the difference between the two is larger than a second set threshold value, min (A) w ，A a )<<max(A w ，A a ) I.e. the difference between them is greater than a third set threshold, abs (A) w -A a )>>0 is abs (A) w -A a ) The difference from 0 is greater than a fourth set threshold.
It can be understood that, in this embodiment, the first set threshold, the second set threshold, the third set threshold, and the fourth set threshold are set values according to specific working conditions by those skilled in the art, and are not described herein again.
In this embodiment, the high pressure air corresponds to energy A a Energy A of hot water w Predicting the actual power generation A when serious imbalance occurs e Will be limited by the smaller of the two, far less than the maximum value (less than or equal to the design power generation A) c * Eta) for predicting the corresponding energy A of the high-pressure air after the power generation is finished a Energy A of hot water w If one has larger balance and influences the normal operation of the next circulation, the energy storage battery system is started to supply power to the heat energy supplementing system, or the plant power supplementing system is supplied power to drive the hot water pump and the cooling tower, and A is increased or reduced w And maintaining balance:
A a ＝A w (6)
A e ＝min(A w ，A a )＝max(A w ，A a )≦A c *η(7)
abs(A w -A a )＝0(8)
logic 3: and responding to the immediate dispatching of the power grid.
Monitoring the battery system, the power system, and if:
P req >P e (9)
i.e. scheduling the required power P req Greater than the current generated power P e In time, the energy storage battery system is started to supply power P to the power grid b And (3) guaranteeing:
P req ＝P e +P b (10)
logic 4: and the power grid electric quantity is not used during power generation.
Monitoring the storage battery system, the power system and the station service condition, if the conditions occur:
P req >0and P e <P ap (11)
when the power demand is scheduled, if the power generation amount P is e Can not meet the requirement P of auxiliary power ap Starting the energy storage battery system to supply power to the station service power supplementing system P b And (3) guaranteeing:
P e +P b ＝P ap (12)
(2) Energy storage battery system
The energy balance monitoring system operates under the control of the energy balance monitoring system, the energy storage power station is powered off from a power grid to realize the rapid storage of electric energy when storing energy, the energy storage power station is powered on to realize the rapid release of the electric energy when releasing energy, and the energy storage battery can adopt schemes such as a fuel battery, a lithium battery or a flow battery to provide electric energy for a heat energy supplement system and a plant use supplement system in due time.
(3) Heat energy supplementing system
The energy balance monitoring system operates under the control of the energy balance monitoring system, and electric energy is utilized to heat hot water timely by means of electric heating and the like, so that energy circulation is guaranteed.
(4) Service power supplementing system
The energy balance monitoring system is controlled to operate, and power is allocated to each power device of the energy cycle in the power generation stage of the energy storage power station and other proper times.
The system can be applied to the similar systems of a compressed carbon dioxide energy storage power station and the like, the current compressed air energy storage power station is mainly of an adiabatic type, and the system can also be applied to an external heat source type, and the difference is that the external heat source type does not need a heat energy supplement system.
Example 2:
the embodiment 2 of the invention provides an energy balance method for a compressed air energy storage power station, and the energy balance system for the compressed air energy storage power station, which is disclosed by the embodiment 1 of the invention, comprises the following processes:
when the power grid dispatching requires that the compressed air energy storage power station starts to store energy, the air compressed air energy storage station of the compressed air energy storage power station is started to operate, the power grid electric energy is received, the storage battery system is synchronously started, and the power grid electric energy is received until the storage battery system is fully stored;
(1) When the energy absorption amount and the release amount are not balanced
If the energy balance monitoring system 20 monitors that the temperature of the hot water is reduced or the predicted heat release amount is insufficient (smaller than the heat release amount threshold value) due to the change of the environmental temperature, the energy balance monitoring system sends a control instruction, the storage battery system 19 supplies power to the heat energy supplementing system, and the heat energy supplementing system 17 adopts an electric heating device to heat the hot water until the energy balance monitoring system 20 judges that the balance is recovered.
(2) When the energy circulation is unbalanced with the working medium circulation:
if the energy balance monitoring system 20 monitors that the air storage tank has more reserves (larger than a first set value), higher pressure (larger than a second set value), the hot water tank has less water volume (smaller than a third set value) and lower water temperature (smaller than a fourth set value), the energy balance monitoring system 20 sends a control instruction, the storage battery system 19 supplies power to the heat energy supplementing system 17, and the heat energy supplementing system 17 adopts an electric heating device to heat hot water until the energy balance monitoring system 20 judges that the balance is recovered and stops;
if the energy balance monitoring system 20 monitors that the air storage tank has a small reserve (smaller than a fifth set value), the pressure is low (smaller than a sixth set value), the hot water tank has a large water amount (larger than a seventh set value), and the water temperature is high (larger than an eighth set value), the energy balance monitoring system 20 sends a control instruction, the storage battery system 19 supplies power to the plant service electricity supplementing system 18, the plant service electricity supplementing system 18 starts the hot water pump 14, the hot water bypass valve 15 and the fan of the cooling tower 10, and the redundant hot water is discharged and cooled until the energy balance monitoring system 20 judges that the balance is recovered.
In this embodiment, the first setting value, the second setting value, the third setting value, the fourth setting value, the fifth setting value, the sixth setting value, the seventh setting value, and the eighth setting value are empirical values set by those skilled in the art, and are not described herein again.
(3) When the power generation response speed needs to be improved
If the power grid dispatching requires the compressed air energy storage power station to generate power, the air expansion machine 8, the generator 9 and the energy balance monitoring system 20 control the storage battery system 19 to be connected to the power grid for generating power after receiving the dispatching instruction, the reaction time is in the second level or even millisecond level, the defect of lag of the compressed air energy storage power generation is overcome, and when the air expansion machine 8 and the generator 9 can be connected to the power grid, the energy balance monitoring system 20 can continuously maintain the storage battery system 19 to generate power or cut the storage battery system out according to the actual requirement.
(4) When the need of avoiding the initial power consumption of power generation
When the power grid dispatching requires the compressed air energy storage power station to generate power, the power consumption of equipment in the starting process of the compressed air energy storage power station is borne by the storage battery system 19, and when the energy balance monitoring system 20 monitors that the air expansion machine 8 and the generator 9 can normally supply power to plant equipment, the storage battery system 19 is switched out.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a compressed air energy storage power station energy balance system which characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises an energy balance monitoring system, and a storage battery system, a heat energy supplementing system and a plant service supplementing system which are respectively communicated with the energy balance monitoring system;
an energy balance monitoring system configured at least to: and when the total energy storage and power generation amount of the compressed air is smaller than the product of the total power consumption amount and the electric conversion efficiency, and the difference between the total energy storage and power generation amount of the compressed air and the product of the total power consumption amount and the electric conversion efficiency is larger than a first set threshold, starting the energy storage battery system to supply power to the heat energy supplementing system so as to supplement the energy of the hot water tank.
2. The compressed air energy storage power plant energy balance system of claim 1, wherein:
an energy balance monitoring system, further configured to: when the criterion 1, the criterion 2 and the criterion 3 are simultaneously established, starting the energy storage battery system to supply power to the heat energy supplementing system, or starting the energy storage battery system to supply power to the station service power supplementing system so as to drive the hot water pump and the cooling tower;
criterion 1: the corresponding energy of the high-pressure air is greater than the energy of the hot water, and the difference between the two is greater than a second set threshold, or the corresponding energy of the high-pressure air is less than the energy of the hot water, and the difference between the two is greater than the second set threshold;
criterion 2: predicting that the actual power generation amount is equal to the minimum value of the energy corresponding to the high-pressure air and the energy of the hot water, predicting that the actual power generation amount is smaller than the maximum value of the energy corresponding to the high-pressure air and the energy of the hot water, predicting that the difference between the actual power generation amount and the maximum value of the energy corresponding to the high-pressure air and the energy of the hot water is larger than a third set threshold value, and predicting that the maximum value of the energy corresponding to the high-pressure air and the energy of the hot water is smaller than or equal to the product of the designed power generation amount and the electric conversion efficiency;
criterion 3: the difference between the absolute value of the difference between the energy of the hot water and the corresponding energy of the high-pressure air and zero is larger than a fourth set threshold value.
3. The compressed air energy storage power plant energy balance system of claim 1, wherein:
an energy balance monitoring system, further configured to:
and when the dispatching required power is larger than the current generating power, starting the energy storage battery system to supply power to the power grid.
4. The compressed air energy storage power plant energy balance system of claim 1, wherein:
an energy balance monitoring system, further configured to: and when the dispatching required power is larger than zero and the generated energy is smaller than the service power requirement, starting the energy storage battery system to supply power to the service power supply system.
5. The compressed air energy storage power plant energy balance system of claim 1, wherein:
the heat energy supplementing system is a hot water tank and a temperature sensing element matched with the hot water tank, and the temperature sensing element is communicated with the energy balance monitoring system.
6. The compressed air energy storage power plant energy balance system of claim 1, wherein:
compressed air energy storage power station includes: the system comprises an air filter, an air compressor, a motor, an air cooler, an air storage tank, a hot water tank, an air preheater, a hot water pump, a hot water bypass valve, a cold water pump, a cold water tank, a cooling tower, an air expander and a generator;
the air filter is communicated with an air compressor, the air compressor is connected with the motor in a matching way, the air compressor is communicated with an air cooler, the air cooler is also respectively communicated with an air storage tank, a hot water tank and a cold water pump, the air storage tank is communicated with an air preheater, the air preheater is connected with an air expander in a matching way, and the air expander is communicated with the generator;
the hot water tank is communicated with the hot water pump, a liquid outlet connecting pipeline of the hot water pump is divided into a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is communicated with the air preheater, the second branch is communicated with the cooling tower after being converged with a liquid outlet pipeline of the air preheater, and a hot water bypass valve is arranged on the second branch;
the liquid outlet port of the cooling tower is communicated with a cold water tank, the cold water tank is communicated with a cold water pump, the service power supply system is electrically connected with the hot water pump, the cold water pump and the cooling tower respectively, the storage battery system is connected with a power grid, the storage battery system is electrically connected with the service power supply system and the heat energy supply system respectively, the motor is connected with the power grid, and the generator is connected with the power grid.
7. The compressed air energy storage power plant energy balance system of claim 6, wherein:
the energy storage battery is a fuel cell, a lithium battery or a flow battery, an electric heating device or a heat pump system is arranged in the hot water tank, and the electric heating device or the heat pump system is electrically connected with the storage battery system.
8. A method for balancing energy of a compressed air energy storage power station is characterized by comprising the following steps:
use of the compressed air energy storage power plant energy balance system of any of claims 1-7 comprising the process of:
when the power grid dispatching requires the compressed air energy storage power station to start energy storage, the compressed air energy storage station is started to operate, the power grid electric energy is received, the storage battery system is synchronously started, and the power grid electric energy is received until the storage battery system is fully stored;
when the energy balance monitoring system monitors that the temperature of hot water is reduced or the predicted heat release is smaller than the set heat release due to the change of the environmental temperature, the energy balance monitoring system sends a control instruction, the storage battery system supplies power to the heat energy supplementing system, and the heat energy supplementing system adopts an electric heating device to heat the hot water until the energy balance monitoring system judges that the balance is recovered;
when the energy cycle and the working medium cycle are unbalanced, when the energy balance monitoring system monitors that the storage capacity of the air storage tank is greater than a first set value, the pressure is greater than a second set value, the water quantity of the hot water tank is less than a third set value and the water temperature is less than a fourth set value, the energy balance monitoring system sends a control instruction, the storage battery system supplies power to the heat energy supplementing system, and the heat energy supplementing system adopts an electric heating device to heat the hot water until the energy balance monitoring system judges that the balance is recovered and stops;
when the energy balance monitoring system monitors that the storage capacity of the air storage tank is smaller than a fifth set value and the pressure is smaller than a sixth set value, and the water quantity of the hot water tank is larger than a seventh set value and the water temperature is larger than an eighth set value, the energy balance monitoring system sends a control instruction, the storage battery system supplies power to the plant service electricity supplementing system, the plant service electricity supplementing system starts a hot water pump, a hot water bypass valve and a fan of the cooling tower, and redundant hot water is discharged and cooled until the energy balance monitoring system judges that the balance is recovered.
9. The compressed air energy storage power plant energy balancing method of claim 8, characterized in that:
when power grid dispatching requires an energy storage power station to generate power, and the air expander and the generator cannot be operated in a grid-connected mode at the first time, the energy balance monitoring system controls the storage battery system to generate power in a grid-connected mode after receiving a dispatching instruction;
when the air expander and the generator can be connected to the grid, the energy balance monitoring system continuously maintains the storage battery system to be connected to the grid for generating electricity or switches the storage battery system out according to actual requirements.
10. The compressed air energy storage power plant energy balancing method of claim 8, characterized in that:
when the power grid dispatching requires the compressed air energy storage power station to generate power, the power consumption of equipment in the starting process of the compressed air energy storage power station is supplied by the storage battery system;
and switching out the storage battery system after the energy balance monitoring system monitors that the air expander and the generator can normally supply power to the plant equipment.
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| CN116707012A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-09-05 | 中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Electrical wiring system of large-scale compressed air energy storage power station and operation method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116707012A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-09-05 | 中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Electrical wiring system of large-scale compressed air energy storage power station and operation method |
| CN116707012B (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-10-24 | 中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Electrical wiring system of large-scale compressed air energy storage power station and operation method |
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