CN111219596A - Electricity cold production recycle system of hydrogenation station and natural gas pressure regulating station - Google Patents
Electricity cold production recycle system of hydrogenation station and natural gas pressure regulating station Download PDFInfo
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- CN111219596A CN111219596A CN202010139963.5A CN202010139963A CN111219596A CN 111219596 A CN111219596 A CN 111219596A CN 202010139963 A CN202010139963 A CN 202010139963A CN 111219596 A CN111219596 A CN 111219596A
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
- F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/34—Hydrogen distribution
Abstract
The patent discloses an electricity-cooling production recycling system of a hydrogenation station and a natural gas pressure regulating station, which comprises a hydrogenation station energy system and a natural gas pressure regulating station energy system; the energy system of the hydrogenation station comprises a hydrogen input device, a compressor, a heat exchanger A, a hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogenation machine, a heat exchanger B and an automobile-mounted bottle which are sequentially connected; the natural gas pressure regulating station energy system comprises a natural gas input pipeline, a pressure regulating loop and a natural gas output pipeline which are sequentially connected; an electric cooling production unit is arranged in the natural gas pressure regulating station; the electric cooling production unit comprises a pressure energy power generation device and a cooling energy production device, and the power generated by the pressure energy power generation device is connected with the power distribution device; the cold energy production device is connected with the cold energy allocation center. Realize mutually fusing the multiple energy demand of hydrogen station and natural gas pressure regulating station as an organic whole, can reciprocal complementary energy production, recovery and comprehensive utilization system through this patent.
Description
Technical Field
The patent relates to the technical field of energy production, recovery, conversion and utilization, in particular to an electric cooling production recycling system of a hydrogenation station and a natural gas pressure regulating station.
Background
Hydrogen energy has the advantages of cleanness and environmental protection, and is one of the important ways to solve the problems of energy supply and environment. The development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is greatly enhanced in various places, and a large number of hydrogenation stations are built, and a considerable part of the hydrogenation stations are adjacent to natural gas pressure regulating stations.
On the one hand, as shown in fig. 1, a hydrogen energy source filling station (hydrogen station) needs a compressor to pressurize hydrogen gas from medium and low pressure (5.0MPa) to high pressure (45MPa or even 90MPa), and then stores the hydrogen gas in a hydrogen gas storage tank. When gas is needed, the gas is added into an automobile-mounted bottle with the pressure of 35MPa or 70MPa through a hydrogenation machine.
A large amount of electricity is consumed in the pressurization process. In addition, the temperature of the hydrogen gas rises during pressurization, and the cylinder liners of the compressor and the lubricating oil system also generate a large amount of heat energy, which needs to be cooled to remove the heat energy.
In addition, in the process of filling hydrogen into an automobile-mounted bottle through a hydrogenation machine, the hydrogen temperature is increased rapidly due to high flow rate and hydrogen characteristics, and reliable temperature reduction measures are required to reduce the hydrogen temperature within a specified range so as to ensure safety and storage capacity.
Obviously, a certain scale of refrigeration and cooling system, such as a circulating cooling water system, a freezing system, an air cooling system, etc., needs to be built in the hydrogenation station. The investment increase is inevitable, and the operation process also needs to consume electric power or other energy sources, so that the operation cost is increased. Data show that the power requirement for cooling of a 1000 kg/day hydrogen station is about 1000kw ∙ h/day. Moreover, the electricity consumption of the hydrogenation station compressor, the station air conditioning system, the lighting system and the like is about 1080kw ∙ h.
In summary, there is a large demand for electricity and cold energy in the hydrogen plants.
On the other hand, as shown in fig. 2, the natural gas pressure regulating station takes on the pressure regulating and stabilizing task of regulating the high-pressure natural gas to medium and low pressures. Under the conventional condition, the conventional natural gas pressure regulating station is provided with one or more pressure regulating loops, each pressure regulating loop comprises a heat exchanger and a pressure regulator, and the high-pressure natural gas is depressurized and stabilized at the secondary high pressure or medium pressure equal pressure grade required by a user through the pressure regulator.
Because the natural gas absorbs heat during depressurization, the temperature of the natural gas in the pipeline drops sharply. Experience data shows that the temperature of the natural gas in the pipeline can be reduced by about 5 ℃ when the pressure of the natural gas is reduced by 1.0MPa, and the pipeline and related equipment are often frozen and even ice blockage accidents are caused.
In order to deal with the situation, potential safety hazards and adverse effects on pipelines and equipment are avoided, the stations with large pressure reduction amplitude are generally provided with heat supply devices, such as a gas-fired hot water boiler, an electric heater and the like, heat sources are applied to heat and raise the temperature of the natural gas before pressure reduction, and the temperature of the natural gas after pressure reduction meets the standard requirements.
In summary, the following steps: a natural gas pressure regulating station has heat requirements; the pressure difference of the self-pressure reduction constitutes pressure energy, and can generate electric power and cold energy.
Because the two stations (the hydrogen adding station and the natural gas pressure regulating station) are often only separated by one wall or are close to each other, a set of energy production, recovery and comprehensive utilization system which integrates the two stations of energy systems is designed according to the principles of mutual benefits and complementary advantages by combining different requirements and actual conditions of the two adjacent stations. By means of integral optimization and overall planning, advanced, economical and reasonable process technology routes are adopted, and the win-win goal that two stations respectively obtain the required and obtained benefits and energy conservation and consumption reduction is achieved.
Content of patent
The purpose of this patent is the electricity cold production recycle system who designs a hydrogenation station and natural gas pressure regulating station, makes it compromise natural gas pressure regulating station and hydrogenation station main energy demand comprehensively, utilizes electricity, cold, hot production and demand complementary characteristics to design economical and reasonable and advanced process technology scheme, realizes reciprocal complementary energy production, recovery and comprehensive utilization system, reaches the purpose that reduce cost produced economic benefits.
In order to achieve the purpose, the patent provides the following technical scheme:
as shown in fig. 3, the electricity-cooling production recycling system for the hydrogen adding station and the natural gas pressure regulating station comprises a hydrogen adding station energy system and a natural gas pressure regulating station energy system;
the energy system of the hydrogenation station comprises a hydrogen input device, a compressor, a heat exchanger A, a hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogenation machine, a heat exchanger B and an automobile-mounted bottle which are sequentially connected; the refrigeration device is connected with the cold energy allocation center, and the cold energy allocation center is respectively connected with the compressor, the heat exchanger A and the heat exchanger B and used for cooling the cold energy transferred by the compressor, the heat exchanger A and the heat exchanger B; the system is also provided with a power distribution device, an external power grid is electrically connected with the power distribution device, and the power distribution device is electrically connected with the power supply system of the hydrogenation station;
the natural gas pressure regulating station energy system comprises a natural gas input pipeline, one or more pressure regulating loops and a natural gas output pipeline which are sequentially connected; the multiple pressure regulating loops are connected in parallel, and each pressure regulating loop comprises a heat exchanger C and a pressure regulator; the heat supply device is also arranged and is connected with the heat exchanger C;
one or more electric cooling production loops are additionally arranged in the natural gas pressure regulating station, each electric cooling production loop is formed by combining one or more sets of electric cooling production units, the multiple electric cooling production loops are connected in parallel, and the multiple sets of electric cooling production units of each electric cooling production loop are connected in series; each set of electric cooling production unit comprises a pressure energy power generation device and a cooling energy production device, and the power generated by the pressure energy power generation device is connected with the power distribution device; the cold energy production device is connected with the cold energy allocation center; the pressure energy power generation device and the cold energy production device of the electric cold production unit are taken as a whole and mainly comprise an expander, a generator, a heat exchanger D and a refrigerant.
Further, the electric cooling production unit is designed as an integrated pry. The integrated pry design is an integrated mode that functional components are integrated on an integral base and can be integrally installed and moved. By the arrangement, the standard series product specification is realized, and the device is flexible and convenient.
Further, the expander is a double-rotor expander, a screw expander or a turbine expander.
Further, the generator is an asynchronous generator or a synchronous generator.
Furthermore, the refrigerant can be purchased and matched with refrigerant refrigerants of different low-temperature sections, and can adapt to different temperature positions by changing the proportion of corresponding materials of the refrigerant. The above effects can be achieved by using a common refrigerant.
Further, the energy source of the heating device is supplied by one or more of a solar photo-thermal system, fuel gas and electric power.
Further, the biomass energy power generation device is also provided with a photovoltaic power generation device and a biomass energy power generation device, and the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device and the biomass energy power generation device is connected with the power distribution device.
The basic idea of the technical scheme of this patent:
1) the electric cooling and heating energy needs of two stations are integrally found: the energy requirements of the two stations have obvious complementary characteristics, namely the natural gas pressure regulating station needs to input heat energy to heat the low-temperature natural gas, and the pressure difference can generate electricity to supply electricity and output cold energy; the hydrogen station is exactly in a complementary relationship with the hydrogen station, needs to input electric power and cold energy and can provide heat energy to the outside. This provides the condition for the electric heating and cooling requirements of two stations to be considered uniformly and mutually complementary.
2) The pressure difference in the pressure regulating process of the natural gas pressure regulating station is converted into electric power and cold energy through a specific device, namely an electric cooling production unit, the electric power is supplied to a hydrogenation station compressor to serve as driving source power, the cold energy is output to serve as a cold source to supply temperature rise heat in a circulating lubricating oil system of the hydrogenation station compressor, a hydrogen pressurizing process and a hydrogen filling process, and the heated heat energy returns to the electric cooling production unit or a cold energy allocation center of the natural gas pressure regulating station through a special refrigerant.
3) The cold energy output by the electric cold production unit of the natural gas pressure regulating station can be directly output to each heat exchange device of the hydrogenation station through a refrigerant according to the temperature position contra-aperture and gradient utilization principle, and can also be intensively sent to a cold energy allocation center for uniform distribution.
4) The cold energy utilization principle of the hydrogenation station is as follows: the cold energy generated by the pressure energy of the electric cold production unit is preferentially used, and the insufficient part is refrigerated and supplemented by the originally arranged refrigerating device, so that the supply and demand balance is ensured; the pressure energy cold energy is high-grade cold energy, and the electric refrigerating device can produce low-grade cold energy as far as possible so as to reduce consumption.
5) The solar photo-thermal system or the biomass heat energy production device is introduced to produce hot water and the hot water is merged into a hot water boiler heating system, so that the production of renewable energy is increased, and the energy consumption in the station is reduced.
6) The heat energy utilization principle of the natural gas pressure regulating station is as follows: the heat energy from the hydrogen filling station and the heat energy of the solar photo-thermal system are preferentially used, and the deficiency is partially supplemented by the production of heating devices such as the original hot water boiler and the like.
7) A photovoltaic power generation device or a biomass energy power generation device is introduced and incorporated into a power generation system, so that the production amount of renewable energy is increased, and the energy consumption in a station is reduced.
8) Power supply principle of the hydrogen station: the pressure energy power generation device and the photovoltaic power generation device or the biomass energy power generation device from the natural gas pressure regulating station are preferentially used, and the insufficient part is supplemented by the external power grid.
9) The energy management system integrated with two stations is arranged to carry out overall planning on the production and consumption of energy of the two stations, particularly electricity, cold and heat, and the lowest production cost is ensured.
The working principle of the technical scheme of the patent is as follows:
1) as shown in the attached figure 4, an electric cooling production loop connected in parallel with a conventional pressure regulating loop of a natural gas pressure regulating station is additionally arranged, and the electric cooling production loop can not only generate electric power and cold energy, but also play a role in replacing a pressure regulator to reduce and stabilize pressure.
The electric cooling production loop can be set to be one loop, and N loops can also be connected in parallel and are related to the flow of natural gas and the like.
2) As shown in fig. 4, each electric cooling production loop may be a set or a combination of N sets of electric cooling production units, i.e., "pressure energy power generation device + cooling energy production device", connected in series, and is related to the magnitude of pressure difference.
In the electric cooling production unit combination, high-pressure natural gas enters as a medium and enters a cold energy production device through isentropic expansion, pressure reduction and temperature reduction. On one hand, kinetic energy drives the generator to do work to generate electric power, on the other hand, the temperature of the natural gas is reduced after the natural gas is depressurized to generate cold energy, and the cold energy is transmitted to cold equipment for supplying cold media through a heat exchanger to use.
The electric cooling production unit is generally composed of an expander, a generator, a heat exchanger and a refrigerant.
The expander can be a double-rotor expander, a turbine expander or a screw expander. The expansion machine takes the functions of pressure reduction and pressure stabilization and kinetic energy generation of a conventional pressure regulator and simultaneously generates cold energy (low-temperature natural gas). Generally, high-pressure natural gas is subjected to pressure regulation and stabilization through an electric cooling production loop, and a conventional pressure regulation loop is only used as emergency standby or load balance;
the generator is used for generating electric power by driving a rotor, a blade or a screw to rotate by means of pressure difference kinetic energy through a connecting shaft in the expander, and converting pressure energy into electric energy. The generator may be a synchronous generator or an asynchronous generator.
The cold energy production device consists of an expander, a heat exchanger and a refrigerant, and the low-temperature natural gas after decompression expansion power generation exchanges cold energy with the refrigerant in the heat exchanger to transmit the cold energy to the refrigerant for delivery.
The refrigerant is a refrigerant capable of being matched with different temperature phase sections, and is realized by changing corresponding materials and proportions of the refrigerant. The selection principle of the refrigerant is based on temperature position contra-aperture, cascade utilization and high-efficiency output.
3) Electricity generated by an electric cooling production unit
As shown in fig. 5, in order to exert efficiency, a photovoltaic power generation device, a biomass power generation device and other devices are additionally arranged at a pressure regulating station or a hydrogen station according to specific conditions, renewable energy sources such as solar photovoltaic and biomass are fully utilized for power generation, the renewable energy sources and the pressure energy power generation device are simultaneously connected to a power distribution device, external power grid power is introduced, networking operation with a large power grid is realized, and system reliability is improved.
Electric power system principle: the pressure energy power generation device and the photovoltaic power generation device or the biomass energy power generation device of the electric cooling production unit run continuously at full load (high load) as far as possible, and especially, the power generation in a power grid peak period is ensured; the power generated by pressure energy power generation and photovoltaic and biomass energy power generation in the station is preferentially utilized; surplus electric power is sold on the internet and insufficient electric power is purchased from an external power grid for supplement.
All the electric power is preferentially supplied to a compressor and other electric equipment in the hydrogen filling station to be used as power, and the self-electricity utilization requirements in the two stations are preferentially met.
4) Cold energy generated by electric cold production unit
After high-pressure natural gas serving as a medium enters the expansion machine equipment and is subjected to isentropic expansion depressurization power generation, the temperature of the natural gas is greatly reduced, a large amount of high-grade low-temperature cold energy is generated, and the cold energy can be utilized to generate remarkable economic benefit.
The cold energy utilization principle of the patent is 'utilization according to grade level, temperature level and gradient', and the cold energy value is reasonably realized. For example, after different grades of cold energy are transmitted to the hydrogen station through corresponding temperature refrigerants for the pressurizing and filling processes of the hydrogen station, the high-grade cold energy is used for producing high value-added cold products for sale.
The original heating devices (natural gas hot water boiler and electric hot water heater) for heating the conventional pressure regulating loop are stopped according to specific conditions so as to save energy.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this patent:
1. the energy process routes of the two stations of the hydrogen adding station and the natural gas pressure regulating station are optimized comprehensively, an advanced, reasonable and practical overall process technology, namely a double-station electricity cold and hot production and comprehensive utilization system, is developed, and the aim of energy efficient utilization of mutual complementation is achieved.
2. The pressure energy which is not utilized by the original waste of the natural gas pressure regulating station is used for producing electric power and cold energy through the electric cooling production unit, and the electric power and the cold energy are transmitted to the hydrogenation station for use, so that economic benefit is generated.
3. The original pressure regulator of the natural gas pressure regulating station is replaced by the electric cooling production unit, and the electric cooling production unit is responsible for regulating and stabilizing the pressure of high-pressure natural gas.
4. Energy production devices such as a photovoltaic power generation device, a biomass energy power generation device and a solar photo-thermal system are introduced, renewable energy is fully utilized, and the double-station operation cost is reduced.
5. Refrigerant refrigerants are developed to meet individual requirements of different temperature sections of two stations.
6. An energy comprehensive management system with double stations running in a coordinated mode is developed, the highest overall energy utilization rate, the lowest energy consumption and the most reasonable energy matching of the double stations are guaranteed, the safety and the reliability are improved, and remarkable economic benefits and social benefits are generated.
7. The electric cooling production unit adopts an integrated prying design, and products are produced in series of standardized specifications, so that the electric cooling production unit is convenient and flexible.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present patent or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present patent, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy utilization system of a conventional hydrogen station;
FIG. 2 is an energy utilization system of a conventional natural gas pressure regulating station;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the solution of the present patent;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electric cooling production loop of the natural gas pressure regulating station of the present patent;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the power system of the present patent;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the solution of embodiment 1 of this patent;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the solution of embodiment 2 of this patent;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in this patent will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in this patent, and obviously, only some embodiments, not all embodiments, of this patent are described. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of protection of this patent.
Example 1 and its working principle:
as shown in the attached figure 6, in the embodiment 1, a 1000 kg/day hydrogen adding station is built beside a natural gas pressure regulating station by a certain gas company in south China. The natural gas handling capacity of the pressure regulating device in the natural gas pressure regulating station is 2.8 ten thousand meters3The natural gas flow is stable and balanced; the temperature of a natural gas inlet before entering the pressure regulating device is 12 ℃, and the pressure is 3.5-3.8 MPa; the pressure of the natural gas discharged from the pressure regulating device is stabilized at 0.4MPa by adopting a primary pressure regulating loop for pressure regulation. The natural gas is LNG gasified gas, and is clean and free of sulfur and other various impurities.
Total design thought and basic principle:
1. besides the pressure regulating loop, a circuit of electric cooling production loop is designed to be connected in parallel with the pressure regulating loop, and the electric cooling production loop comprises 2-level electric cooling production units, namely a pressure energy generating device 1+ a cold energy generating device 1 and a pressure energy generating device 2+ a cold energy generating device 2, which are connected in series, and further comprises a pressure stabilizing fine-adjustment device.
2. The power generated by the two sets of pressure energy power generation devices connected in series is simultaneously merged into a power distribution device to be uniformly allocated and used, and the power distribution device is preferably self-used, and the main power utilization equipment is a hydrogen compressor of a hydrogen station.
3. A set of photovoltaic power generation device and a pressure energy power generation device are designed to be simultaneously incorporated into a power distribution device and operated in a grid-connected mode with external power grid power.
4. The refrigerants A and B with different temperature positions (-8 ℃ and minus 18 ℃) from the cold energy production device 1 and the cold energy production device 2 in the electric cold production unit enter a cold energy allocation center to exchange heat with the refrigerants 1, 2 and 3; according to the principle of temperature position contra-aperture and cascade utilization, refrigerants 1, 2 and 3 with different grades are respectively sent into compressor lubricating oil of a hydrogenation station, high-temperature hydrogen in a heat exchanger behind the compressor and high-temperature hydrogen in a heat exchanger in front of a hydrogenation machine to exchange heat, and then the heat is returned to a cold energy allocation center to exchange heat with a refrigerant A and a refrigerant B; the temperatures of the refrigerant A and the refrigerant B returning to the cold energy production device 1 and the cold energy production device 2 reach 6 ℃ and 10 ℃ respectively.
5. The refrigerating device is arranged to supplement cold energy or be used for standby.
Specific technical parameters and equipment type selection:
one, the overall design
1. The design flow of the electric cooling production loop is 3.0 ten thousand meters3And/h is slightly higher than the actual natural gas flow, so that the natural gas is enabled to completely enter a pressure energy power generation device, namely an expansion machine, of the electric cooling production unit to do work, and the expansion machine works at about 90% of load, so that the highest device efficiency is obtained.
2. The conventional voltage regulating loop is standby.
3. Because the pressure difference of the electric cooling production loop is about 3.1MPa, a secondary electric cooling production unit is arranged (a 3-stage recovery device is not arranged enough in a compression ratio).
4. In consideration of the large cold energy demand and emergency situations of the hydrogenation station, a set of refrigerating device is arranged to enter a refrigerating device distribution system to be used as cold energy supplement or emergency standby.
Design of electric power system
1. The pressure energy power generation device 1 and the pressure energy power generation device 2 in the electric cooling production unit both adopt screw expanders with the rated flow of 3.0 ten thousand meters3The power of the generator corresponding to the screw expander is 400 KW.
2. Considering that the inlet pressure of natural gas fluctuates, a fine pressure regulator (with a pressure stabilizing effect) is arranged in front of the first-stage pressure energy power generation device to eliminate the fluctuation, and the outlet pressure of the fine pressure regulator is set to be 3.4 MPa.
3. The compression ratio of inlet air and outlet air of the two screw expanders is designed to be 2.6 times. Therefore, the pressure of the first-stage pressure energy power generation device is 3.4MPa, and the outlet pressure is 1.3 MPa; the pressure of the secondary pressure energy power generation device is 1.3MPa, and the outlet pressure is 0.4 MPa.
4. The actual flow rate is 2.8 ten thousand meters3The/h natural gas enters a first-stage screw expander and a second-stage screw expander, and is expanded to work in an isentropic manner to drive a power generation device to generateThe power of the generator is about 3 multiplied by 350KW/h, and the generating capacity of the generator in the whole day is about 1.68 ten thousand KW ∙ h.
5. The power generation amount of the photovoltaic power generation device is about 120kw ∙ h/day.
6. The power system adopts grid-connected setting. The generated electric power is preferentially used by oneself, the electric power of the power grid is not supplemented partially, and the surplus electric power is sold on the internet.
Design parameters of cold energy system
1. The inlet natural gas temperature of a first-stage screw expander in the electric cooling production loop is 11 ℃, the inlet pressure is stabilized at 3.4MPa, the outlet natural gas pressure is 1.3MPa after isentropic expansion work, and the outlet temperature is-8 ℃.
2. The natural gas with the temperature of-8 ℃ enters a first-stage electric cooling production unit (a cold energy production device 1) to exchange heat with a refrigerant A, and the natural gas is discharged at the temperature of 4 ℃; the inlet temperature of the refrigerant is 9 ℃, and the outlet temperature is-3 ℃.
3. The temperature of the natural gas entering the second-stage cold energy production device 2 is 4 ℃, and the outlet temperature of the natural gas after isentropic expansion work is-18 ℃.
4. The natural gas with the outlet temperature of minus 18 ℃ enters a second-stage electric cooling production unit (cold energy production device 2) to exchange heat with a refrigerant B, and the outlet temperature is 5 ℃; the inlet temperature of the refrigerant is 10 ℃ and the outlet temperature is-13 ℃.
Fourth, economic benefits
1. Except for the self-electricity utilization of 1200kw ∙ h of a hydrogenation station compressor, a station air conditioning system, a lighting system and the like, the power can be supplied to the network for 1.57 ten thousand kw ∙ h/day of electricity, and the annual economic benefit is 350 ten thousand yuan.
The first-stage cold energy production device can recover 0.36 ten thousand kw ∙ h/day of cold energy; the secondary cold energy production device can recover 5.7 ten thousand kw ∙ h/day of cold energy. The cold demand of the hydrogenation station is about 0.85 ten thousand kw ∙ h/day, and the surplus part of the processed cold products are sold. The annual economic benefit is about 87 ten thousand yuan.
Example 2 and its working principle:
as shown in fig. 7, in example 2, a hydrogen refueling station is built in a station of a certain natural gas company in north to develop a hydrogen energy vehicle, and the design scale of the hydrogen refueling station is 500 kg/day; the natural gas handling capacity of the pressure regulating device in the natural pressure regulating station is 1.2 ten thousand meters3About/h, no natural gas flowStable and has fluctuation in the range of 0.9-1.4 ten thousand m3H; the temperature of the natural gas inlet is 20 ℃ and the pressure is stable at 0.8MPa before entering the pressure regulating device; the pressure of the natural gas discharged from the pressure regulating device is stabilized to be 0.3MPa by adopting a primary pressure regulating loop for pressure regulation. The natural gas is LNG gasified gas, and is clean and free of sulfur and other various impurities.
Total design thought and basic principle:
1. besides the pressure regulating loop, an electric cooling production loop is designed to be connected in parallel with the pressure regulating loop, and the electric cooling production loop consists of a primary electric cooling production unit and comprises a set of 'pressure energy power generation device + cold energy production device'.
2. Because the flow fluctuation is large, the working mode of simultaneous operation of the conventional pressure regulating loop and the electric cooling production loop is adopted, and the natural gas flow of the electric cooling production loop is ensured to be stabilized at 0.8 ten thousand meters3H, the surplus is 0.1-6 ten thousand m3And/h enters a conventional voltage regulating loop for pressure regulation.
3. The power generated by the pressure energy generating device is preferentially used by a power distribution device, and the main electric equipment is a hydrogen compressor.
4. The refrigerant with the temperature of-8 ℃ from the cold energy production device enters a cold energy allocation center distribution system to exchange heat with the refrigerant 1, the refrigerant 2 and the refrigerant 3; according to the principle of temperature position contra-aperture and cascade utilization, refrigerants 1, 2 and 3 with different grades are respectively sent into compressor lubricating oil of a hydrogenation station, high-temperature hydrogen in a heat exchanger behind the compressor and high-temperature hydrogen in a heat exchanger before the hydrogenation machine to exchange heat, and then the heat is returned to a cold energy allocation center distribution system to exchange heat with the refrigerants; the temperature of the refrigerant returning to the cold energy production device reaches 6 ℃.
5. The refrigerating device is arranged to supplement cold energy or be used for standby.
Specific technical parameters and equipment type selection:
one, the overall design
1. The design flow of the electric cooling production loop is 0.8 ten thousand m3And h, the flow rate is slightly higher than the minimum actual natural gas flow rate, the natural gas is ensured to completely enter the pressure energy power generation device, namely the expansion machine to do work, and the expansion machine works at about 90% of load, so that the highest device efficiency is obtained.
2. Because the pressure difference of the electric cooling production loop is about 2.25MPa, a primary electric cooling production unit is arranged.
3. In consideration of the large cold energy demand and emergency situations of the hydrogenation station, a set of refrigerating device is arranged to enter a cold energy allocation center distribution system to be used as cold energy supplement or emergency standby.
Design of electric power system
1. The pressure energy power generation device adopts a double-rotor expander, and a corresponding generator is an asynchronous motor with the power of 80 KW.
2. Considering that the natural gas inlet pressure fluctuation range is large, the simultaneous operation mode of the electric cooling production loop and the conventional pressure regulating loop is adopted, the stable load work of the double-rotor expander is preferentially ensured, and the pressure of the redundant part is regulated by the conventional natural gas pressure regulating loop.
3. The compression ratio of inlet air and outlet air of the double-rotor expansion machine is designed to be about 2.2 times, and the actual inlet air flow is 0.8 ten thousand m3The/h natural gas enters an expansion machine to do work by isentropic expansion to drive a power generation device, the generated power is about 80KW/h, and the total day power generation is about 1920KW ∙ h.
4. The power system adopts grid-connected setting. The generated electric power is preferentially used by oneself, the electric power of the power grid is not supplemented partially, and the surplus electric power is sold on the internet.
Design parameters of cold energy system
1. The temperature of natural gas at the inlet of the expansion machine is 20 ℃, the pressure at the inlet is stabilized at 0.8MPa, the pressure of natural gas at the outlet is 0.3MPa after isentropic expansion work, and the temperature at the outlet is-10 ℃.
2. The natural gas with the temperature of minus 10 ℃ enters a cold energy production device to exchange heat with a refrigerant, and the natural gas at the outlet is 6 ℃; the inlet temperature of the refrigerant is 10 ℃ and the outlet temperature is-5 ℃.
Fourth, economic benefits
1. Except for the self-electricity utilization of 1200kw ∙ h in the days of a hydrogenation station compressor, a station air conditioning system, a lighting system and the like, the power can be connected to the internet at 720kw ∙ h/day, and the annual economic benefit is 15.8 ten thousand yuan.
The cold energy production device can recover the cold energy of 1200kw ∙ h/day and all the cold energy is used for the hydrogenation station. The annual economic benefit is about 8.64 ten thousand yuan.
Claims (7)
1. A power cold production recycling system of a hydrogenation station and a natural gas pressure regulating station comprises a hydrogenation station energy system and a natural gas pressure regulating station energy system;
the energy system of the hydrogenation station comprises a hydrogen input device, a compressor, a heat exchanger A, a hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogenation machine, a heat exchanger B and an automobile-mounted bottle which are sequentially connected; the refrigeration device is connected with the cold energy allocation center, and the cold energy allocation center is respectively connected with the compressor, the heat exchanger A and the heat exchanger B and used for cooling the cold energy transferred by the compressor, the heat exchanger A and the heat exchanger B; the system is also provided with a power distribution device, an external power grid is electrically connected with the power distribution device, and the power distribution device is electrically connected with the power system of the hydrogenation station;
the natural gas pressure regulating station energy system comprises a natural gas input pipeline, one or more pressure regulating loops and a natural gas output pipeline which are sequentially connected; the multiple pressure regulating loops are connected in parallel, and each pressure regulating loop comprises a heat exchanger C and a pressure regulator; the heat supply device is also arranged and is connected with the heat exchanger C;
the method is characterized in that: one or more electric cooling production loops are additionally arranged in the natural gas pressure regulating station, each electric cooling production loop is formed by combining one or more sets of electric cooling production units, the multiple electric cooling production loops are connected in parallel, and the multiple sets of electric cooling production units of each electric cooling production loop are connected in series; each set of electric cooling production unit comprises a pressure energy power generation device and a cooling energy production device, and the power generated by the pressure energy power generation device is connected with the power distribution device; the cold energy produced by the cold energy production device is connected with the cold energy allocation center through a refrigerant; the pressure energy power generation device and the cold energy production device of the electric cold production unit are mainly composed of an expander, a generator, a heat exchanger D and a refrigerant.
The power generated by the pressure energy power generation device is connected to the power distribution device, the power demand of the compressor and the power demand of the hydrogen station and the natural gas pressure regulating station are preferentially met, and the rest part of the power is sold or not purchased outside the power supply of the power grid; the cold energy produced by the cold energy production device is connected with the cold energy allocation center through a refrigerant, and the cold energy allocation center preferentially meets the cold requirements of the heat exchanger A and the heat exchanger B, and the rest part of the cold energy is sold or not supplemented by the refrigerating device.
2. The electricity cooling production recycling system of the hydrogen filling station and the natural gas pressure regulating station according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric cooling production unit is designed as an integrated pry.
3. The electricity cooling production recycling system of the hydrogen filling station and the natural gas pressure regulating station according to claim 1, characterized in that: the expander is a double-rotor expander or a screw expander or a turbine expander.
4. The electricity cooling production recycling system of the hydrogen filling station and the natural gas pressure regulating station according to claim 1, characterized in that: the generator is an asynchronous generator or a synchronous generator.
5. The electricity cooling production recycling system of the hydrogen filling station and the natural gas pressure regulating station according to claim 1, characterized in that: the refrigerant can be purchased and matched with refrigerant refrigerants of different low-temperature sections, and different temperature positions can be adapted by changing corresponding materials and proportions of the refrigerant.
6. The electricity cooling production recycling system of the hydrogen filling station and the natural gas pressure regulating station according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solar photovoltaic power generation device is characterized by also comprising a photovoltaic power generation device or a biomass energy power generation device, wherein the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device or the biomass energy power generation device is connected with the power distribution device.
7. The electricity cooling production recycling system of the hydrogen filling station and the natural gas pressure regulating station according to claim 1, characterized in that: the energy of the heating device is supplied by one or more of a solar photo-thermal system, a biomass energy power generation device, fuel gas and electric power.
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