CN110953916B - Efficient waste heat recovery system and method for air compressor - Google Patents
Efficient waste heat recovery system and method for air compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110953916B CN110953916B CN201911045658.3A CN201911045658A CN110953916B CN 110953916 B CN110953916 B CN 110953916B CN 201911045658 A CN201911045658 A CN 201911045658A CN 110953916 B CN110953916 B CN 110953916B
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- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
- F28D21/0005—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for domestic or space-heating systems
- F28D21/0007—Water heaters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an efficient recovery system for waste heat of an air compressor, which is characterized by comprising primary compression of the air compressor, secondary compression of the air compressor, tertiary compression of the air compressor, a primary heat exchanger, a secondary heat exchanger, a tertiary heat exchanger, an oxygen generator, a refrigeration user, a heat supply user, a heat pump unit, a cooling tower, a water supply tank and a water bath type gasifier. The invention provides a practical and effective air compressor waste heat high-efficiency recovery system and method through the design of a three-stage compressed air waste heat recovery scheme of an air compressor, and the system and the method can directly utilize the waste heat of cooling water of the air compressor, reduce intermediate heat exchange equipment, avoid excessive heat dissipation loss of the system and improve the heat efficiency of the system; the return water of part of refrigeration users is recycled by a method of recycling the waste heat of the primary compressed air for driving the heat pump, so that the waste heat utilization rate of the system is improved; the method has the characteristics of saving energy, reducing maintenance cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conservation in the steel industry, in particular to a system and a method for efficiently recovering waste heat of an air compressor.
Background
The large-scale iron and steel enterprises are provided with an oxygen generation process, energy media such as liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, liquid helium and the like can be produced in the process, the liquid oxygen, the liquid nitrogen, the liquid helium and the like need to be heated and gasified when corresponding energy media are needed in production, and the gas energy media are conveyed to users through a pipe network. At present, most of domestic oxygen production processes adopt a water bath type gasifier to heat a low-temperature energy medium, a heating heat source is generally steam, and a large amount of high-quality energy can be consumed by the heating mode, so that the production cost of enterprises is increased. Meanwhile, a plurality of air compressors are arranged in the oxygen production process; when the air compressor is in operation, the air compressor is really used for increasing the electric energy consumed by air potential energy, and only occupies a small part, about 15%, of the total electric energy consumption. About 85% of the electricity consumed is converted to heat in the compressed gas and is discharged to the air by air or water cooling. If the waste heat of the compressed gas is recovered and is used for production and living heat supply of an oxygen production process nearby, the energy utilization efficiency can be improved, and the enterprise cost can be reduced; meanwhile, the method is also beneficial to reducing the coal burning quantity and reducing the pollution of the coal to the environment.
At present, a plurality of researches and applications are developed aiming at the recovery and utilization of the waste heat of the air compressor in China.
Patent CN106762557A discloses an intelligent hot water supply device based on air compressor waste heat recovery; according to the invention, intelligent hot water supply is realized by adding the cache heat storage equipment between the heat exchanger and a hot user. Although the method realizes the stability of the heat supply system, the heat loss of the system is larger due to excessive intermediate heat exchange and heat storage equipment. Patent CN108150422A discloses an air compressor waste heat recycling system, which drives a lithium bromide absorption type water chilling unit to produce cold water in a hot water manner by recycling air compressor waste heat; however, the hot water (generally at about 70-75 ℃) after driving the lithium bromide absorption type water chilling unit is not utilized, so that the energy utilization rate is low. Patent CN107178934A discloses an air compressor waste heat deep recycling system, in which three-stage compression of the air compressor is performed by three-stage heat exchange, and high-temperature water after heat exchange enters a waste heat extraction device and is converted into high-temperature waste heat water after heat exchange again, and the high-temperature waste heat water enters the waste heat deep recycling system; the system does not solve the problems that the air temperature is lower after the primary compression of the air compressor and the waste heat cannot be effectively utilized after being recovered.
In summary, the air compressor waste heat recovery system and method have some problems. The waste heat recovery system and the waste heat recovery method mainly reflect that the heat loss of the system is large due to excessive intermediate heat exchange equipment in the conventional air compressor waste heat recovery system and method; and the problems that the temperature of air is lower after the primary compression of the air compressor in actual operation, the waste heat cannot be effectively utilized after being recovered and the like are not considered. Therefore, it is very necessary to search for a more practical and efficient system and method for recovering the waste heat of the air compressor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an efficient waste heat recovery system of an air compressor, which reduces intermediate heat exchange equipment and avoids excessive heat loss of the system by directly utilizing the waste heat of cooling water of the air compressor, and improves the waste heat utilization efficiency of the system by a method for recovering the waste heat of primary compressed air to drive a heat pump.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-efficiency recovery system for waste heat of an air compressor comprises primary compression of the air compressor, secondary compression of the air compressor, tertiary compression of the air compressor, a primary heat exchanger, a secondary heat exchanger, a tertiary heat exchanger, an oxygen generator, a refrigeration user, a heat supply user, a heat pump unit, a cooling tower, a water supply pool, a water bath type gasifier and a flowmeter;
the primary compression outlet of the air compressor is connected with the gas side inlet of the primary heat exchanger, the gas side outlet of the primary heat exchanger is connected with the secondary compression inlet of the air compressor, the secondary compression outlet of the air compressor is connected with the gas side inlet of the secondary heat exchanger, the gas side outlet of the secondary heat exchanger is connected with the tertiary compression inlet of the air compressor, the tertiary compression outlet of the air compressor is connected with the gas side inlet of the tertiary heat exchanger, and the gas side outlet of the tertiary heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the; the water side outlet of the first-stage heat exchanger is connected with a driving heat source inlet of the heat pump unit, and the water side parallel outlet of the first-stage heat exchanger is connected with the water side outlet of the second-stage heat exchanger and the water side outlet of the third-stage heat exchanger in an intersecting manner and then connected with inlets of a refrigeration user and a heat supply user; outlets of the refrigeration user and the heat supply user are connected with an inlet of the heat pump unit, an inlet of the water bath type gasifier and an inlet of the cooling tower; the outlet of the water bath type gasifier is connected with the inlet of the cooling tower; the outlet of the heat pump unit is connected with the water side parallel outlet of the first-stage heat exchanger, the outlet of the heat pump unit drives the heat source to be connected with the inlet of the cooling tower, the water supply pool is connected with the outlet of the cooling tower and is connected with the inlet of the flow meter, the outlet of the flow meter is connected with the water side inlets of the first-stage heat exchanger, the second-stage heat exchanger and the third-stage heat exchanger respectively, and the feedback signal of the flow.
The refrigeration user is refrigerated by a lithium bromide unit.
The system waste heat recovery method comprises a refrigeration user mode and a heat supply user mode, and specifically comprises the following steps:
first, refrigeration user mode
Under the operation mode of a refrigeration user, normal temperature and normal pressure air is subjected to primary compression by an air compressor, the temperature of the air reaches 75-95 ℃, the air enters a primary heat exchanger to exchange heat with cooling water at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after heat exchange is 35-40 ℃, the air enters the air compressor to be subjected to secondary compression and tertiary compression by the air compressor, the temperature of the secondary compressed air and the temperature of the tertiary compressed air can reach 100-120 ℃, the air after compression enters a secondary heat exchanger and a tertiary heat exchanger to exchange heat, and finally the air after tertiary compression and cooling enters an oxygen;
the cooling water entering the primary heat exchanger is subjected to heat exchange, the temperature is 55-65 ℃, the low-temperature hot water enters the heat pump unit through the switch valve to serve as a driving heat source, is cooled to 40-50 ℃, flows through the cooling tower through the switch valve to be cooled to 30-35 ℃, and is reused as cooling water of the air compressor; the cooling water entering the secondary heat exchanger and the tertiary heat exchanger is heated to 80-90 ℃ through heat exchange; hot water with the temperature of 80-90 ℃ enters a refrigeration user to be used as a heat source to drive a lithium bromide refrigeration unit, and cold energy is generated to be required by the refrigeration user; after the lithium bromide unit is driven to refrigerate, the temperature of the hot water is reduced to 70-75 ℃, and the hot water flows out of a refrigeration user through a switch valve; part of the 70-75 ℃ return water enters a heat pump unit, low-temperature hot water with the temperature of 55-60 ℃ is used as a driving heat source, the 70-75 ℃ return water is heated to 80-90 ℃, and the 70-75 ℃ return water is mixed with high-temperature water from a secondary heat exchanger and a tertiary heat exchanger and enters a refrigeration user for recycling; the rest 70-75 ℃ backwater enters a water bath type gasifier to heat a low-temperature gas source in an oxygen production process, the 40-50 ℃ backwater flows through a cooling tower after heat exchange to be cooled to 30-35 ℃, and is reused as cooling water of an air compressor, and meanwhile, the water is supplemented in an equivalent manner by a water supply tank according to the reduced backwater amount; the hot water at 80-90 ℃ supplied to a refrigeration user drives a lithium bromide unit to refrigerate and then cool and flow out, one part of the hot water enters the heat pump unit, the rest of the return water at 70-75 ℃ enters a water bath type gasifier to heat a low-temperature gas source, the 40-50 ℃ return water flows through a cooling tower after heat exchange and is cooled to 30-35 ℃ to be reused as cooling water of an air compressor; when the return water amount reaches balance in the circulation process, the water supply tank does not supplement water any more, the system operates circularly according to the above mode, the flow meter detects the return water amount, and when the return water amount is 2% -5% lower than the total heat exchange water amount of the air compressor, the return water amount is fed back to the water supply tank to supplement water.
Heating user mode
Under the operation mode of a heat supply user, normal temperature and normal pressure air is subjected to primary compression by an air compressor, the temperature of the air reaches 75-95 ℃, the air enters a primary heat exchanger to exchange heat with cooling water at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after heat exchange is 35-40 ℃, the air enters the air compressor to be subjected to secondary compression and tertiary compression, the temperature of the secondary compressed air and the temperature of the tertiary compressed air reach 100-120 ℃, the air after compression enters a secondary heat exchanger and a tertiary heat exchanger to exchange heat, and finally the air after tertiary compression and cooling enters an oxygen generator;
the cooling water entering the primary heat exchanger is subjected to heat exchange, and the temperature is 45-55 ℃; the cooling water entering the secondary heat exchanger and the tertiary heat exchanger is heated to 75-85 ℃ through heat exchange; hot water with the temperature of 75-85 ℃ and low-temperature water with the temperature of 45-55 ℃ are mixed to form hot water with the temperature of 60-70 ℃, and the hot water enters a heat supply user to provide heat; after heat supply, the water temperature is reduced to 40-50 ℃ and flows out of a heat supply user; then the cooling water flows through a cooling tower to be cooled to 30-35 ℃, and is reused as cooling water of the air compressor; the water bath type gasifier is heated through a steam heat source, the return water amount is detected by the flow meter, and when the return water amount is lower than the designed total amount by 2% -5%, the return water amount is fed back to the water supply pool for water supplement.
In the above system and method for efficiently recovering waste heat of the air compressor, the main user with cache regulation on waste heat utilization is a water bath type gasifier, and the water bath type gasifier is equipment used for heating a low-temperature air source in an oxygen process; because the extremely low temperature liquid gas source is heated, a large amount of high temperature heat sources are needed in the initial heating stage; in the oxygen process, a common heat source of the water bath type gasifier is low-pressure steam, and in the invention, the waste heat of an air compressor is used as a supplementary heat source of the water bath type gasifier to partially replace the steam.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a practical and effective air compressor waste heat high-efficiency recovery system and method through the design of a three-stage compressed air waste heat recovery scheme of an air compressor, and the system and the method can directly utilize the waste heat of cooling water of the air compressor, reduce intermediate heat exchange equipment, avoid excessive heat dissipation loss of the system and improve the heat efficiency of the system; the return water of part of refrigeration users is recycled by a method of recycling the waste heat of the primary compressed air for driving the heat pump, so that the waste heat utilization rate of the system is improved; the method has the characteristics of saving energy, reducing maintenance cost and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: the system comprises an air compressor primary compression 1, an air compressor secondary compression 2, an air compressor tertiary compression 3, a primary heat exchanger 4, a secondary heat exchanger 5, a tertiary heat exchanger 6, an oxygen generator 7, a refrigeration user 8, a heat supply user 9, a heat pump unit 10, a cooling tower 11, a water supply pool 12, a water bath type gasifier 13, switch valves (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26 and 20), a switch regulating valve 24 and a flow meter 27.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the high-efficiency recovery system for waste heat of the air compressor comprises an air compressor primary compression 1, an air compressor secondary compression 2, an air compressor tertiary compression 3, a primary heat exchanger 4, a secondary heat exchanger 5, a tertiary heat exchanger 6, an oxygen generator 7, a refrigeration user 8, a heat supply user 9, a heat pump unit 10, a cooling tower 11, a water supply tank 12, a water bath type gasifier 13 and a flowmeter 27.
An outlet of a primary compression 1 of the air compressor is connected with an inlet of a 4 gas side of the primary heat exchanger, an outlet of the 4 gas side of the primary heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of a secondary compression 2 of the air compressor, an outlet of the secondary compression 2 of the air compressor is connected with an inlet of a 5 gas side of the secondary heat exchanger, an outlet of the 5 gas side of the secondary heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of a tertiary compression 3 of the air compressor, an outlet of the tertiary compression 3 of the air compressor is connected with an inlet of a 6 gas side of the tertiary heat exchanger; the water side outlet of the first-stage heat exchanger 4 is connected with the driving heat source inlet of the heat pump unit 10, the water side parallel outlet of the first-stage heat exchanger 4 is connected with the water side outlet of the second-stage heat exchanger 5 and the water side outlet of the third-stage heat exchanger 6 in an intersecting manner, and then is connected with the inlets of a refrigeration user 8 and a heat supply user 9; outlets of the refrigeration user 8 and the heat supply user 9 are connected with an inlet of a heat pump unit 10, an inlet of a water bath type gasifier 13 and an inlet of a cooling tower 11; the outlet of the water bath type gasifier 13 is connected with the inlet of the cooling tower 11; the outlet of the heat pump unit 10 is connected with the water side of the first-stage heat exchanger 4 in parallel, the outlet of the heat pump unit 10 drives the heat source to be connected with the inlet of the cooling tower 11, the water supply tank 12 is connected with the outlet of the cooling tower 11 and is connected with the inlet of the flow meter 27, the outlet of the flow meter 27 is connected with the water side inlets of the first-stage heat exchanger 4, the second-stage heat exchanger 5 and the third-stage heat exchanger 6 respectively, and the feedback signal of the flow meter 27. The refrigeration user 8 is refrigerated by a lithium bromide unit.
Example 1
The waste heat recovery method of the air compressor waste heat efficient recovery system specifically comprises the following steps:
refrigeration user mode:
in the cooling user mode operation mode, the on-off valves 14, 15, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23 are in the open state, and the on-off valves 16, 17, 25, 26 are in the closed state. The on-off regulator valves 20, 24 are in an open state.
15 ten thousand Nm3The temperature of normal temperature and pressure air reaches 85 ℃ after the air passes through the first-stage compression 1 of the air compressor, the air enters the first-stage heat exchanger 4 to exchange heat with cooling water at the temperature of 35 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after heat exchange is 40 ℃ and enters the second-stage compression of the air compressor and the third-stage compression of the air compressor, the temperature of the second-stage compressed air and the temperature of the third-stage compressed air can reach 115 ℃, the air after compression enters the second-stage heat exchanger 5 and the third-stage heat exchanger 6 to exchange heat, and finally the.
After the cooling water enters the primary heat exchanger 4 for about 77t/h, the temperature is 60 ℃, the low-temperature hot water enters the heat pump unit through the switch valve 18 to be used as a driving heat source, is cooled to 45 ℃ and then is cooled to 35 ℃ through the switch valve 21 through the cooling tower 11, and is reused as cooling water of the air compressor. The cooling water entering the secondary heat exchanger 5 and the tertiary heat exchanger 6 is about 58t/h respectively, and is heated to 90 ℃ through heat exchange; about 116t/h hot water with the temperature of 90 ℃ enters a refrigeration user 8 through a switch valve 14 to be used as a heat source to drive a lithium bromide refrigeration unit, and cold energy is generated to be required by the user. After the lithium bromide unit is driven to refrigerate, the temperature of the hot water is reduced to 75 ℃, and the hot water flows out of a refrigeration user through the switch valve 15; about 102t/h of return water at 75 ℃ enters the heat pump unit 10 through the switch regulating valve 20, heat exchange water at the temperature of 77t/h and 60 ℃ serves as a driving heat source, the return water at about 102t/h and at 75 ℃ is heated to 90 ℃, and the return water is mixed with high-temperature water from the secondary heat exchanger 5 and the tertiary heat exchanger 6 through the switch valve 19 and enters the refrigeration user 8 for recycling. After the 77t/h low-temperature hot water drives the heat pump unit 10, the temperature is reduced to 45 ℃, and the low-temperature hot water flows out through the switch valve 21 and is cooled by the cooling tower 11 to be reused as cooling water of the air compressor. And the rest 75 ℃ return water of about 14t/h enters the water bath type gasifier 13 through the switch valve 22 to heat the low-temperature gas source of the oxygen production process, and the 45 ℃ return water flows through the cooling tower through the switch valve 23 after heat exchange to be cooled to 35 ℃ and is reused as cooling water of the air compressor. Meanwhile, the amount of the return water is reduced by 45t/h, and the water is equivalently supplemented by the water supply tank 12 through the switch regulating valve 24.
After one circulation, the amount of 90 ℃ hot water supplied to the refrigeration user 8 reaches 218t/h, and the heat supply amount is increased by nearly 88%; after the part of hot water drives the lithium bromide unit to refrigerate, the part of hot water flows out through the switch valve 15, still enters the heat pump unit 10 for about 102t/h through the switch regulating valve 20 to be heated and circulated for refrigerating a user 8, the rest of return water with the temperature of about 116t/h enters the water bath type gasifier 13 through the switch valve 22 to heat a low-temperature air source, and the return water with the temperature of 45 ℃ after heat exchange flows through the cooling tower through the switch valve 23 to be cooled to 35 ℃ and is reused as cooling water of the air compressor again for circulation. In this cycle, the amount of return water is balanced, and the switch regulating valve 24 is closed without replenishing water to the water tank 12. The system operates circularly according to the mode, the flow meter 27 detects the return water amount, and when the return water amount is lower than the designed total amount by 3%, the return water amount is fed back to the switch regulating valve 24 to be supplemented with water through the water supply tank 12.
Example 2
The waste heat recovery method of the air compressor waste heat efficient recovery system specifically comprises the following steps:
heating user mode:
in the heating consumer operating mode, the switching valves 16, 17, 25, 26 are in an open state, and the switching valves 14, 15, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23 and the switching regulator valves 20, 24 are in a closed state.
15 ten thousand Nm3The temperature of normal temperature and pressure air reaches 80 ℃ after the air passes through the first-stage compression 1 of the air compressor, the air enters the first-stage heat exchanger 4 to exchange heat with cooling water at the temperature of 35 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after heat exchange is 40 ℃ and enters the second-stage compression of the air compressor and the third-stage compression of the air compressor, the temperature of the second-stage compressed air and the temperature of the third-stage compressed air can reach 105 ℃, the air after compression enters the second-stage heat exchanger 5 and the third-stage heat exchanger 6 to exchange heat, and finally the.
Cooling water enters the primary heat exchanger 4 for about 114t/h, and the temperature is 50 ℃ after heat exchange; cooling water entering the secondary heat exchanger 5 and the tertiary heat exchanger 6 is about 62t/h respectively, and is heated to 80 ℃ through heat exchange; hot water with the temperature of about 124t/h and the temperature of 80 ℃ is mixed with low-temperature water with the temperature of about 114t/h and the temperature of 50 ℃ to form hot water with the temperature of 238t/h and the temperature of 65 ℃, and the hot water enters a heat supply user 9 through a switch valve 16 to provide heat for heat supply requirements such as heating and the like. After heat supply, the water temperature is reduced to 45 ℃ and flows out of a heat supply user 9 through a switch valve 17; then the water flows through the cooling tower through the switch valve 26 to be cooled to 35 ℃, and the water is used as cooling water of the air compressor again for recycling. The water bath vaporizer 13 is heated by its own steam heat source. The flow meter 27 detects the amount of return water, and when the amount of return water is less than 5% of the designed total amount, the return water is fed back to the switch regulating valve 24 to be supplied with water through the water supply tank 12.
By the system and the method, the waste heat of the cooling water of the air compressor is directly utilized, so that intermediate heat exchange equipment is reduced, excessive heat dissipation loss of the system is avoided, and the heat efficiency of the system is improved; the return water of part of refrigeration users is recycled by a method of recycling the waste heat of the primary compressed air for driving the heat pump, so that the waste heat utilization rate of the system is improved; the problem of air compressor machine waste heat recovery system thermal efficiency lower and air compressor machine one-level compressed gas temperature on the low side carry out waste heat recovery after can't effectively utilize is solved.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the invention and is not to be in any way limiting, since all equivalent changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The efficient recovery system for the waste heat of the air compressor is characterized by comprising a primary compression of the air compressor, a secondary compression of the air compressor, a tertiary compression of the air compressor, a primary heat exchanger, a secondary heat exchanger, a tertiary heat exchanger, an oxygen generator, a refrigeration user, a heat supply user, a heat pump unit, a cooling tower, a water supply tank, a water bath type gasifier and a flowmeter;
the primary compression outlet of the air compressor is connected with the gas side inlet of the primary heat exchanger, the gas side outlet of the primary heat exchanger is connected with the secondary compression inlet of the air compressor, the secondary compression outlet of the air compressor is connected with the gas side inlet of the secondary heat exchanger, the gas side outlet of the secondary heat exchanger is connected with the tertiary compression inlet of the air compressor, the tertiary compression outlet of the air compressor is connected with the gas side inlet of the tertiary heat exchanger, and the gas side outlet of the tertiary heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the; the water side outlet of the first-stage heat exchanger is connected with a driving heat source inlet of the heat pump unit, and the water side parallel outlet of the first-stage heat exchanger is connected with the water side outlet of the second-stage heat exchanger and the water side outlet of the third-stage heat exchanger in an intersecting manner and then connected with inlets of a refrigeration user and a heat supply user; outlets of the refrigeration user and the heat supply user are connected with an inlet of the heat pump unit, an inlet of the water bath type gasifier and an inlet of the cooling tower; the outlet of the water bath type gasifier is connected with the inlet of the cooling tower; the outlet of the heat pump unit is connected with the water side parallel outlet of the first-stage heat exchanger, the outlet of the heat pump unit drives the heat source to be connected with the inlet of the cooling tower, the water supply pool is connected with the outlet of the cooling tower and is connected with the inlet of the flow meter, the outlet of the flow meter is connected with the water side inlets of the first-stage heat exchanger, the second-stage heat exchanger and the third-stage heat exchanger respectively, and the feedback signal of the flow.
2. The method of recovering waste heat of a system according to claim 1, wherein:
refrigeration user mode
Under the operation mode of a refrigeration user, normal temperature and normal pressure air is subjected to primary compression by an air compressor, the temperature of the air reaches 75-95 ℃, the air enters a primary heat exchanger to exchange heat with cooling water at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after heat exchange is 35-40 ℃, the air enters the air compressor to be subjected to secondary compression and tertiary compression by the air compressor, the temperature of the secondary compressed air and the temperature of the tertiary compressed air can reach 100-120 ℃, the air after compression enters a secondary heat exchanger and a tertiary heat exchanger to exchange heat, and finally the air after tertiary compression and cooling enters an oxygen;
the cooling water entering the primary heat exchanger is subjected to heat exchange, the temperature is 55-65 ℃, the low-temperature hot water enters the heat pump unit through the switch valve to serve as a driving heat source, is cooled to 40-50 ℃, flows through the cooling tower through the switch valve to be cooled to 30-35 ℃, and is reused as cooling water of the air compressor; the cooling water entering the secondary heat exchanger and the tertiary heat exchanger is heated to 80-90 ℃ through heat exchange; hot water with the temperature of 80-90 ℃ enters a refrigeration user to be used as a heat source to drive a refrigeration unit, and cold energy is generated to be required by the refrigeration user; after the refrigerating unit is driven to refrigerate, the temperature of the hot water is reduced to 70-75 ℃, and the hot water flows out of a refrigerating user through a switch valve; part of the 70-75 ℃ return water enters a heat pump unit, low-temperature hot water with the temperature of 55-60 ℃ is used as a driving heat source, the 70-75 ℃ return water is heated to 80-90 ℃, and the 70-75 ℃ return water is mixed with high-temperature water from a secondary heat exchanger and a tertiary heat exchanger and enters a refrigeration user for recycling; the rest 70-75 ℃ backwater enters a water bath type gasifier to heat a low-temperature gas source in an oxygen production process, the 40-50 ℃ backwater flows through a cooling tower after heat exchange to be cooled to 30-35 ℃, and is reused as cooling water of an air compressor, and meanwhile, the water is supplemented in an equivalent manner by a water supply tank according to the reduced backwater amount; the hot water of 80-90 ℃ supplied to a refrigeration user drives a refrigeration unit to refrigerate and then is cooled and flows out, one part of the hot water enters the heat pump unit, the rest of the return water of 70-75 ℃ enters a water bath type gasifier to heat a low-temperature gas source, the 40-50 ℃ return water flows through a cooling tower after heat exchange and is cooled to 30-35 ℃, and the return water is used as cooling water of an air compressor again for recycling; when the return water amount reaches balance in the circulation process, the water supply tank does not supplement water any more, the system operates circularly according to the above mode, the flow meter detects the return water amount, and when the return water amount is 2% -5% lower than the total heat exchange water amount of the air compressor, the return water amount is fed back to the water supply tank to supplement water.
3. The method of recovering waste heat of a system according to claim 1, wherein:
heating user mode
Under the operation mode of a heat supply user, normal temperature and normal pressure air is subjected to primary compression by an air compressor, the temperature of the air reaches 75-95 ℃, the air enters a primary heat exchanger to exchange heat with cooling water at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, the temperature of the compressed air after heat exchange is 35-40 ℃, the air enters the air compressor to be subjected to secondary compression and tertiary compression, the temperature of the secondary compressed air and the temperature of the tertiary compressed air reach 100-120 ℃, the air after compression enters a secondary heat exchanger and a tertiary heat exchanger to exchange heat, and finally the air after tertiary compression and cooling enters an oxygen generator;
the cooling water entering the primary heat exchanger is subjected to heat exchange, and the temperature is 45-55 ℃; the cooling water entering the secondary heat exchanger and the tertiary heat exchanger is heated to 75-85 ℃ through heat exchange; hot water with the temperature of 75-85 ℃ and low-temperature water with the temperature of 45-55 ℃ are mixed to form hot water with the temperature of 60-70 ℃, and the hot water enters a heat supply user to provide heat; after heat supply, the water temperature is reduced to 40-50 ℃ and flows out of a heat supply user; then the cooling water flows through a cooling tower to be cooled to 30-35 ℃, and is reused as cooling water of the air compressor; the water bath type gasifier is heated through a steam heat source, the return water amount is detected by the flow meter, and when the return water amount is lower than the designed total amount by 2% -5%, the return water amount is fed back to the water supply pool for water supplement.
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