CN112940220A - 一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞 - Google Patents

一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞 Download PDF

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CN112940220A
CN112940220A CN202110140037.4A CN202110140037A CN112940220A CN 112940220 A CN112940220 A CN 112940220A CN 202110140037 A CN202110140037 A CN 202110140037A CN 112940220 A CN112940220 A CN 112940220A
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张功定
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞及其制备方法。由50‑60份聚乙二醇和聚己二酸蓖麻油酯多元醇、15‑20份聚四氢呋喃二醇、2.5‑4.0份发泡剂、0.5‑2.0份交联剂、1‑3份催化剂、2‑4份泡沫稳定剂、2‑5份抗菌剂、1‑3份扩链剂、40‑60份二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯组成。所得抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞具有舒适的使用体验，并且降噪功能好，制作过程加入改性二氧化钛使耳塞还具有好的抗菌能力。

Description

一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞
技术领域
本发明属于聚氨酯技术领域，特别涉及一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞。
背景技术
十八世纪六十年代以来，工业革命带来各种机械设备的创造和使用，给人类带来了繁荣和进步，但同时也产生了越来越多而且越来越强的噪声。噪声不但会对听力造成损伤，还能诱发多种致癌致命的疾病，也对人们的生活、工作有所干扰。为了应对噪声对人类带来的影响，防噪耳塞引起了人们的关注，市面上的防噪耳塞通常由硅胶、低压泡沫材料和高弹性聚酯材料制成，隔绝耳道和外耳道达到防噪的目的。插入耳道后与外耳道紧密接触，以隔绝声音进入中耳和内耳(耳鼓)，达到隔音的目的，从而保护听力。现有的普通隔音防噪耳塞为实心体，使耳朵内部和外部大气空气隔离，耳朵内部不能吸收空气中的负离子成份，连续长时间使用会感觉耳内有压力和疼痛感，严重时会引起的恶心现象。制作耳塞的材料需要具有一定的强度、弹性和硬度，由于和皮肤直接接触，还需要满足无刺激性的要求，并且容易清洗和消毒，但是，目前市面上的防噪耳塞普遍存在触感差、舒适度不够的问题，影响了人们的正常使用。
发明内容
为了解决上述背景中所提到的温度，本发明提供了一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞，具有抗拒、低回弹、防噪效果好的特点。
本发明所述的抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞，包含以下重量份计原料：50-60份聚乙二醇和聚己二酸蓖麻油酯多元醇、15-20份聚四氢呋喃二醇、2.5-4.0份发泡剂、0.5-2.0份交联剂、1-3份催化剂、2-4份泡沫稳定剂、2-5份抗菌剂、1-3份扩链剂、40-60份二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
本发明还提供了一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞的制备方法：
(1)取聚乙二醇和聚己二酸蓖麻油酯多元醇、聚四氢呋喃二醇放入混合器中搅拌进行第一次搅拌，搅拌时间5-10min使两种聚醚多元醇充分混合，搅拌温度25-30℃。
(2)持续搅拌混合聚醚多元醇并且按上述比例向混合多元醇中添加发泡剂、交联剂、催化剂、泡沫稳定剂、改性抗菌剂、扩链剂，搅拌温度25-30℃，搅拌时间2-3min，制得混合料B。
(3)称取一定量的多异氰酸酯作为A料，加入到搅拌器中与混合料B快速搅拌10-20s，控制温度为25-30℃，制得混合料C。
(4)将混合料C倒入模具中熟化，得到隔音耳塞。
优选的，步骤(2)所选发泡剂、交联剂、催化剂和泡沫稳定剂分别为去离子水、甘氨酸、双(二甲氨基乙烯)醚)和有机硅泡沫稳定剂。
优选的，步骤(2)所选抗菌剂为改性二氧化钛。
优选的，步骤(2)所选改性二氧化钛的制备方法为：将5kg纳米二氧化钛分散于60kg份含氧化石墨烯5kg份的水溶液中，然后依次加入硝酸镍2kg和氨水1.2kg，得到混合液，然后将混合液经180℃水热反应后，将得到的沉淀水洗、干燥，得到改性二氧化钛。
优选的，步骤(2)所选扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇、二乙醇胺和三乙醇胺中的一种或者多种。
优选的，步骤(4)所述熟化时间为72h。
本发明的有益效果为：
1.本发明的抗菌隔音耳塞采用聚氨酯作为基体材料，具有优秀的耐磨性、较长的使用寿命和好的隔音效果。并且，聚氨酯材料具有更好的柔软度和舒适性，使用时耳朵不会产生胀痛感。
2.本发明通过使用改性二氧化钛作为抗菌组分，该改性二氧化钛在与还原氧化石墨烯和氢氧化镍复合后，形成了介电复合混合物，在还原氧化石墨烯为导电基体的作用下，二氧化钛和氢氧化镍能够在光线较暗的情况下发生电子的转移和交换，提高了杀菌能力，同时改性二氧化钛内含有大量的羟基，能够在交联剂的作用下与聚氨酯基体实现紧密的结合，从而提高了防噪耳塞的柔软性。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做进一步描述。
实施例1
一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)取60份聚乙二醇和聚己二酸蓖麻油酯多元醇、20份聚四氢呋喃二醇放入混合器中搅拌进行第一次搅拌，搅拌时间8min使两种聚醚多元醇充分混合，搅拌温度27℃。
(2)持续搅拌混合聚醚多元醇并且按适当的比例向混合多元醇中添加3份发泡剂、1.5交联剂、2份催化剂、1.5份扩链剂、3份泡沫稳定剂、4份改性二氧化钛，搅拌温度27℃，搅拌时间2min，制得混合料B。
(3)称取50份二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯作为A料，加入到搅拌器中与混合料B快速搅拌15s，控制温度为25℃，制得混合料C。
(4)将混合料C倒入模具中熟化72h，得到隔音耳塞。
实施例2
一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)取55份聚乙二醇和聚己二酸蓖麻油酯多元醇、18份聚四氢呋喃二醇放入混合器中搅拌进行第一次搅拌，搅拌时间10min使两种聚醚多元醇充分混合，搅拌温度25℃。
(2)持续搅拌混合聚醚多元醇并且按适当的比例向混合多元醇中添加、2.5份发泡剂、2份交联剂、1.5份催化剂、2.5份扩链剂、3份泡沫稳定剂、5份改性二氧化钛，搅拌温度30℃，搅拌时间3min，制得混合料B。
(3)称取55份二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯作为A料，加入到搅拌器中与混合料B快速搅拌20s，控制温度为30℃，制得混合料C。
(4)将混合料C倒入模具中熟化72h，得到隔音耳塞。
实施例3
一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)取50份聚乙二醇和聚己二酸蓖麻油酯多元醇、20份聚四氢呋喃二醇放入混合器中搅拌进行第一次搅拌，搅拌时间5min使两种聚醚多元醇充分混合，搅拌温度30℃。
(2)持续搅拌混合聚醚多元醇并且按适当的比例向混合多元醇中添加3.5份发泡剂、1份交联剂、2份催化剂、3份扩链剂、3.5份泡沫稳定剂、2.5份改性二氧化钛，搅拌温度30℃，搅拌时间3min，制得混合料B。
(3)称取45份二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯作为A料，加入到搅拌器中与混合料B快速搅拌20s，控制温度为25℃，制得混合料C。
(4)将混合料C倒入模具中熟化72h，得到隔音耳塞。
实施例4
一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)取60份聚乙二醇和聚己二酸蓖麻油酯多元醇、15份聚四氢呋喃二醇放入混合器中搅拌进行第一次搅拌，搅拌时间8min使两种聚醚多元醇充分混合，搅拌温度28℃。
(2)持续搅拌混合聚醚多元醇并且按适当的比例向混合多元醇中添加2.5份发泡剂、2份交联剂、3份催化剂、2份扩链剂、3.5份泡沫稳定剂、4份改性二氧化钛，搅拌温度28℃，搅拌时间3min，制得混合料B。
(3)称取50份二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯作为A料，加入到搅拌器中与混合料B快速搅拌15s，控制温度为28℃，制得混合料C。
(4)将混合料C倒入模具中熟化72h，得到隔音耳塞。

Claims (10)

1.一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞，其特征在于，所述制备方法为：
(1)取聚乙二醇和聚己二酸蓖麻油酯多元醇、聚四氢呋喃醚二醇放入混合器中搅拌进行第一次搅拌，搅拌时间5-10min，搅拌温度65-75℃；
(2)持续搅拌混合聚醚多元醇并且向混合多元醇中添加发泡剂、交联剂、催化剂、泡沫稳定剂、抗菌剂、扩链剂，搅拌温度35-50℃，搅拌时间2-3min，制得混合料B；
(3)称取二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯作为A料，加入到搅拌器中与混合料B快速搅拌10-20s，控制温度为40-50℃，制得混合料C；
(4)将混合料C倒入模具中熟化，得到隔音耳塞。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞，其特征在于，步骤(2)所选发泡剂、交联剂、催化剂和泡沫稳定剂分别为去离子水、甘氨酸、双(二甲氨基乙烯)醚)和有机硅泡沫稳定剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞，其特征在于，所述抗菌剂为改性二氧化钛。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞，其特征在于，所选二氧化钛的制备方法为：将5质量份纳米二氧化钛分散于60质量份含氧化石墨烯0.5质量份的水溶液中，然后依次加入硝酸镍0.2-0.5质量份和氨水0.7-1.2质量份，得到混合液，然后将混合液经180℃水热反应2-3h后，将得到的沉淀水洗、干燥，得到改性二氧化钛。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞，其特征在于，步骤(2)所选扩链剂由二乙醇胺和三乙醇胺中的任一种和1,4-丁二醇组成，其中醇胺与1,4-丁二醇的摩尔比为0.5-2:1。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞，其特征在于，步骤(4)所述熟化时间为72h。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞，其特征在于，聚乙二醇、聚己二酸蓖麻油酯多元醇和聚四氢呋喃醚二醇的质量比为……。
8.根据权利要求1所述一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞，其特征在于，发泡剂、交联剂、催化剂、泡沫稳定剂、抗菌剂和扩链剂相对于步骤(1)得到混合物的质量，分别为X％、Y％……。
9.根据权利要求1所述一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞，其特征在于，A料和B料的质量比为……。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一项所述制备方法得到的一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞。
CN202110140037.4A 2021-02-02 2021-02-02 一种抗菌聚氨酯防噪耳塞 Withdrawn CN112940220A (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116874737A (zh) * 2022-04-11 2023-10-13 长华化学科技股份有限公司 慢回弹低温感降噪耳塞用组合料及其制备方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116874737A (zh) * 2022-04-11 2023-10-13 长华化学科技股份有限公司 慢回弹低温感降噪耳塞用组合料及其制备方法

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