CN112939668A

CN112939668A - Biological bacterial fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112939668A
Application number: CN202110294247.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高吉奎
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-03-19
Filing date: 2021-03-19
Publication date: 2021-06-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological bacterial fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of amino acid, 4-6 parts of brown sugar, 20-30 parts of bacillus subtilis, 5-15 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 80-120 parts of fish protein powder and 1000 parts of water 600-; photosynthetic bacteria in the biological bacterial fertilizer can perform photosynthesis, and the photosynthesis can be performed by utilizing light energy, so that the soil structure can be improved, the soil fertility can be improved, and the crop growth can be promoted; the bacillus subtilis not only can inhibit plant pathogenic bacteria, but also can induce a plant disease resistance mechanism so as to enhance the disease resistance of the plant, and the biological bacterial fertilizer obtained by mixing and fermenting the photosynthetic bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the amino acid, the brown sugar, the magnesium sulfate and the fish protein powder can effectively reduce the use amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and improve the yield and the quality of products.

Description

Biological bacterial fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a biological bacterial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

Background

At present, agricultural crops mostly depend on chemical fertilizers and chemical agents to improve yield, and after long-term use, the chemical balance formed by natural microbial communities in soil is destroyed, so that the physical and chemical conditions of the soil are unbalanced, the natural fertility of the soil is seriously reduced, and more chemical fertilizers are required to be applied every year to maintain high yield, so that the cost is increased, and the resources are wasted, the production cost is increased, the environment is seriously polluted, and the quality of agricultural products is reduced.

The biological bacterial fertilizer is a dominant variety in the novel fertilizer in the twenty-first century, is a specific fertilizer containing living microorganisms, is formed by adding biological beneficial bacteria, trace elements in plant nutrient components and the like into the fertilizer based on the principles of biology, botany and plant nutrition, and becomes an important variety in the fertilizer. The biological bacterial fertilizer has irreplaceable effects in the directions of improving nutrient conversion utilization rate, maintaining soil and plant health, increasing yield and efficiency, reducing weight and efficiency, improving quality and efficiency, ensuring agricultural sustainable production capacity, green development and the like, and is the first fertilizer for developing green agriculture and producing green food.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a biological bacterial fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a biological bacterial fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of amino acid, 4-6 parts of brown sugar, 20-30 parts of bacillus subtilis, 5-15 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 80-120 parts of fish protein powder and 1000 parts of water 600-.

A biological bacterial fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of amino acid, 4 parts of brown sugar, 20 parts of bacillus subtilis, 5 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 80 parts of fish protein powder and 600 parts of water.

A biological bacterial fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

50 parts of amino acid, 5 parts of brown sugar, 25 parts of bacillus subtilis, 10 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 100 parts of fish protein powder and 800 parts of water.

60 parts of amino acid, 6 parts of brown sugar, 30 parts of bacillus subtilis, 15 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 120 parts of fish protein powder and 1000 parts of water.

Furthermore, the number of the living bacteria of the photosynthetic bacteria is 1000 hundred million, and the number of the living bacteria of the bacillus subtilis is 2000 hundred million.

A preparation method of biological bacterial fertilizer comprises the following steps:

s1: adding amino acid, brown sugar, bacillus subtilis and 300 parts of water into a first fermentation tank at the same time, uniformly stirring, keeping the temperature of the first fermentation tank at 40 ℃, and performing standard fermentation for 48 hours to obtain bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor for later use:

s2: adding photosynthetic bacteria, magnesium sulfate, fish protein powder and 300 parts of water into a second fermentation tank, uniformly stirring, keeping the temperature of the second fermentation tank at 36 ℃, and performing standard fermentation for 48 hours to obtain photosynthetic bacteria fermentation liquor for later use;

s3: and adding the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor and the photosynthetic bacteria fermentation liquor into a third fermentation tank, adding the rest water, uniformly stirring, setting the temperature of the third fermentation tank to be 31 ℃, and performing standard fermentation for 40 hours to prepare the biological bacterial fertilizer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the biological bacterial fertilizer is a green environment-friendly biological fertilizer prepared by fermenting two beneficial microorganisms, wherein the photosynthetic bacteria can carry out photosynthesis, and can improve the soil structure, improve the soil fertility and promote the growth of crops by utilizing the photosynthesis; the photosynthetic bacteria have nitrogen fixation capacity, can improve the nitrogen level of soil, can effectively improve organic matter components and ammoniacal nitrogen in the soil through the metabolic activity of the photosynthetic bacteria, and can promote the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms and participate in the material circulation of soil ecology. In addition, the abundant physiological active substances generated by the photosynthetic bacteria promote the development of root systems and improve the photosynthesis and reproductive growth capacity. The photosynthetic bacteria fermentation liquor contains a plurality of physiological active substances which have the effects of promoting the growth of plant roots, promoting the growth of plant leaves, promoting the accumulation of certain specific components in fruits or increasing the yield of crops, thereby improving the quality of agricultural products; the photosynthetic bacteria can enhance the disease resistance and disease prevention capability of crops, and the photosynthetic bacteria contain antibacterial and antiviral substances which can passivate the pathogenicity of pathogens and inhibit the growth of the pathogens. Meanwhile, the activity of the photosynthetic bacteria can promote the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms such as actinomycetes and the like and inhibit the growth of harmful floras such as filamentous fungi and the like, thereby effectively inhibiting the occurrence and spread of certain plant diseases. The bacillus subtilis can be colonized in roots or bodies of crops to play a specific fertilizer effect, and not only can inhibit plant pathogenic bacteria, but also can induce a disease-resistant mechanism of plants so as to enhance the disease-resistant performance of the plants.

(3) The amino acid is an important component of soil organic matters, can increase the carbon and nitrogen content of soil, and creates a better growth environment for microorganisms, thereby enhancing the utilization strength of the amino acid compounds by the soil microorganisms.

(4) The magnesium sulfate in the biological bacterial fertilizer has the functions of disinfection and inflammation diminishing, and can effectively eliminate harmful bacteria, thereby retaining beneficial microorganisms; the brown sugar can activate photosynthetic bacteria and improve fermentation speed; the fish protein powder contains various free amino acids, small molecular protein peptides, biological polysaccharides, mineral substances, vitamins, plant growth regulators, growth factors, collagen and other biological stimulants, continuously provides nutrients required for biological growth, activates crop activity, contains the biological polysaccharides, and can activate bacillus subtilis to improve fermentation speed; the biological bacterial fertilizer of the invention can effectively reduce the use amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and simultaneously improve the yield and quality of products.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the effect of different treatment methods on plant height during the growth period of ginger.

FIG. 2 shows the effect of different treatments on the thickness of the stem during the growth period of ginger.

FIG. 3 shows the effect of different treatments on the number of individual branches during the ginger growth period.

Detailed Description

The invention is illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.

Example 1

The number of the living bacteria of the photosynthetic bacteria is 1000 hundred million, and the number of the living bacteria of the bacillus subtilis is 2000 hundred million.

Example 2

The preparation method of the biological bacterial fertilizer in the example 2 is the same as that in the example 1.

Example 3

The field test of the biological bacterial fertilizer on ginger

1. Purpose of the experiment

The biological bacterial fertilizer is taken as a main research object, and the influence of the biological bacterial fertilizer on the fertility traits, the yield, the quality, the cost saving and the income increasing of the ginger is researched by applying different dosages.

2. Test site and test material

The effect test of ginger was performed in the northern Mengzhenli village in the Weifang Chanyi city. The soil type of the test point is brown soil, the previous crop rotation mode of wheat and corn is adopted, the soil fertility is low, and the irrigation and drainage conditions are good. The ginger variety is Burmese ginger, the planting density is 4600 plants/mu, the planting time is 4 and 10 days in 2020, the harvesting is carried out 10 and 29 days in 2020, and the total growth period is 202 days. The indexes of the test soil and the test fertilizers are detailed in table 1. The fertilizer for applying is the biological bacterial fertilizer of the invention.

TABLE 1 physicochemical indexes of soil in test field

3. Test scheme and sampling test index

3.1 design of the experiment

According to the test, conventional fertilization and clear water flushing are set, the number of treatments is 4, namely 5L/mu of test fertilizer and 10L/mu of test fertilizer, and each treatment is repeated for 3 times, wherein the biological bacterial fertilizer prepared by the formula in the embodiment 2 is selected as the test fertilizer, the number of the biological bacterial fertilizer is 12, the biological bacterial fertilizer is randomly arranged, and the area of the biological bacterial fertilizer is 124m²The fertilizing amount of each treatment is shown in table 2.

Table 2 description of the test treatments

Note: the administration time was 6 months and 24 days, 7 months and 12 days, and 8 months and 4 days.

Wherein the treatment T1 is a habit of farmers, the fertilizer is applied at the base of 10 days in 3 months in 2020, 20kg of compound fertilizer (18-18-18) and 200kg of commercial organic fertilizer are applied per mu, and furrowing and ridging are carried out after the spreading and plowing. And (4) paving 160 kg/mu of organic fertilizer as seed fertilizer at the bottom of the ditch in 9 days in 4 months, and planting the ginger seeds after germination acceleration. The humic acid water-soluble fertilizer is applied by flushing for 1 kg/mu in 28 days in 4 months and 8 days in 5 months respectively, the water-soluble compound fertilizer (18-18-18) is applied by flushing for 25 kg/mu in 20 days in 5 months and 10 days in 6 months respectively, the compound fertilizer (15-5-25) with the concentration of 60 kg/mu in the ditch is applied by broadcasting for 10 days in 6 months respectively, the compound fertilizer (15-8-22) with the concentration of 160 kg/mu in the commercial organic fertilizer is applied by broadcasting for 30 days in 7 months, the potassium sulfate with the concentration of 25 kg/mu in the medium trace element fertilizer is applied by broadcasting for 20 kg/mu in the ditch, and the water-soluble fertilizer (18-5-27) with the concentration of 6kg per mu is applied by flushing for each time in 28 days in 8 months.

Wherein the compound fertilizer (18-18-18) refers to that nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium respectively contain 18 wt%;

the compound fertilizer (15-5-25) contains 15 wt% of nitrogen, 5 wt% of phosphorus and 25 wt% of potassium;

the compound fertilizer (15-8-22) contains 15 wt% of nitrogen, 8 wt% of phosphorus and 22 wt% of potassium;

water-soluble fertilizer (18-5-27) means that nitrogen contains 18 wt%, phosphorus contains 5 wt%, and potassium contains 27 wt%.

3.2 sampling and determining indices

The growth vigor (plant height, stem thickness, branch number and the like) of the ginger in each growth period is measured, the yield of each cell is measured and calculated when the ginger is harvested, and the quality index and the economic benefit of the ginger are analyzed.

Measuring the yield area of each cell to be 6.5m2(5m multiplied by 1.3m), collecting and weighing, and calculating the yield per mu according to the following formula:

yield per mu is unit area yield x 666.7 x shrinkage factor (0.85)

4. Test results and analysis

4.1 Effect of different treatment methods on plant height of ginger in growth period

As shown in FIG. 1, when the first sampling is carried out at day 16/6, the plant heights between treatments have no significant difference; at the second sampling, the plant heights of the treated T2, T3 and T4 are obviously increased compared with that of T1, wherein the plant height of the T3 treated plant is 77.64cm and is obviously higher than that of the T1 treated plant (farmer habit), but the plant heights of the T3 and T4 treated plants added with the test fertilizer are not significantly different from those of T1 and T2 from 9 months and 9 days, and the plant height of the T3 treated plant is not significantly different from those of the T1 and T2 from the time of harvest (10 months and 29 days), but the plant height of the T4 treated plant is significantly lower than that of the T1 (alpha is 0.05) and is only 102.82 cm.

4.2 Effect of different treatments on the thickness of the stems of Zingiber officinale in the growth period

As shown in FIG. 2, the general stem thickness of ginger in the growth period tends to increase first and then decrease, which may be related to the increase of new branches in the later period. At the second sampling of day 5/8, the stem thicknesses of the T3 and T4 treatments with the test fertilizer added were increased by 10.43% and 9.98%, respectively, compared with the T2 treatment, and all achieved significant difference levels (α ═ 0.05), but no significant difference from the T1 treatment with the habit of the farmer; there was no significant difference in stem thickness for each treatment when the remaining three samples were taken.

4.3 Effect of different treatments on the number of branches in the growth period of ginger

As can be seen from fig. 3, after 10L/mu of the test fertilizer is applied, the branch number of ginger is significantly increased (8 months, 5 days, 9 months, 9 days and 10 months, 9 days) compared with the T1 treatment, but the T3 treatment applied with 5L/mu of the test fertilizer is not significantly different from the T1 and T2 treatments. When the ginger is harvested in 10 months and 29 days, the number of the branches of each treated single plant is not obviously different, so that the application of 10L/mu of the test fertilizer can obviously promote the early branching of the ginger, and the later yield improvement is guaranteed.

4.4 Effect of different treatment methods on ginger quality

The effect of different treatments on three quality indicators of ginger VC, nitrate and soluble sugar is shown in Table 3. As can be seen from Table 3, the addition of the test fertilizer has no significant effect on the three quality indexes of ginger; the VC content of the farmer habit treatment T1 is 40.03mg/kg, which is obviously lower than that of the rest treatments (alpha is 0.05), but the rest indexes of the treatments have no significant difference.

TABLE 3 Effect of different treatments on ginger quality

4.5 Effect of different treatments on ginger yield and economic coefficient

The yield and economic coefficient analysis of ginger from different treatments is shown in table 4. Compared with the T1 and T2 treatments, the T3 and T4 treatments of the fertilizer to be tested have remarkable yield increasing effects (alpha is 0.05), wherein the yield increasing rate of the fertilizer to be tested reaches 8.06 percent and 10.22 percent respectively compared with the T2 treatment, and the economic coefficient is improved but does not reach the remarkable difference level.

TABLE 4 ginger yield and economic coefficient obtained by different treatment methods

4.6 economic benefits analysis corresponding to different treatment methods

The economic benefit analysis of different treatment methods is shown in table 5, the yield and income increasing effect of the test fertilizer application is obvious, wherein the treatment T3 of the test fertilizer application increasing by 5L/mu is 6224.70 yuan/mu pure compared with the control treatment T2, and the yield-input ratio is 9.30; the treatment T4 of the test fertilizer with 10L/mu of additional fertilizer increased income 7484.63 yuan/mu compared with the control treatment T2, and the production-input ratio was 6.54.

TABLE 5 analysis of economic benefits of different treatments

Note: 40 yuan/L (recommended by enterprises) of fertilizer to be tested; the application time cost is 50.0 yuan/mu/time;

the price of ginger is 8 yuan/kg.

5. Conclusion

Compared with the treatment of the habit of farmers, the biological bacterial fertilizer applied to each mu in the test has no significant influence on the plant height, stem thickness and 3 quality indexes during harvesting in the growth period of the ginger, but promotes the branch development of the ginger in the growth period, further promotes the significant improvement of the ginger yield, wherein the treatment T3 of the additionally applied 5L/mu of test fertilizer increases the yield by 842.78 kg/mu compared with the treatment T1 of the habit of the farmers, and the yield increase rate reaches 7.77%; compared with the habit of farmers, the treatment T4 of the test fertilizer with 10L/mu of additional application increases the yield by 1075.27 kg/mu, and the yield is increased by 9.92 percent. Compared with the control treatment T2, the treatment T3 of additionally applying 5L/mu of the test fertilizer increases the net income of 6224.71 yuan/mu, and the yield-input ratio reaches 9.30; the treatment T4 of the test fertilizer with 10L/mu of additional fertilizer increased income 7484.63 yuan/mu compared with the control treatment T2, and the production-input ratio was 6.54.

In conclusion, the biological bacterial fertilizer can obviously improve the yield and the pure benefit of the ginger on the basis of the fertilization of farmers. From the test data, the yield increasing effect of 10L biological bacterial manure applied to each mu on ginger is obvious, but the yield and the input are reduced compared with the yield increasing effect of 5L biological bacterial manure applied to each mu, so that the application amount of each mu can be properly reduced in actual production, and the maximization of the yield and the input ratio is realized on the premise of ensuring the yield increasing effect.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating and not limiting the technical solutions of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all modifications or partial substitutions should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The biological bacterial fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

40-60 parts of amino acid, 4-6 parts of brown sugar, 20-30 parts of bacillus subtilis, 5-15 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 80-120 parts of fish protein powder and 1000 parts of water 600-.

2. The biological bacterial fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

40 parts of amino acid, 4 parts of brown sugar, 20 parts of bacillus subtilis, 5 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 80 parts of fish protein powder and 600 parts of water.

3. The biological bacterial fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

4. The biological bacterial fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

5. A biological bacterial fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the number of viable photosynthetic bacteria is 1000 hundred million and the number of viable Bacillus subtilis is 2000 hundred million.

6. The preparation method of the biological bacterial fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s3: and adding the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor and the photosynthetic bacteria fermentation liquor into a third fermentation tank, adding the rest water, uniformly stirring, setting the temperature of the third fermentation tank to be 31 ℃, and keeping for 40 hours through standard fermentation to obtain the biological bacterial fertilizer.