CN112939657A

CN112939657A - Method for completely degrading organic waste by biological enzyme method and oyster shell powder organic fertilizer

Info

Publication number: CN112939657A
Application number: CN202110339050.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹敏杰; 翁凌; 丁希月; 章骞; 李丽; 谢渊
Original assignee: Jimei University
Current assignee: Jimei University
Priority date: 2021-03-30
Filing date: 2021-03-30
Publication date: 2021-06-11

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for completely degrading organic waste by a biological enzyme method and an oyster shell powder organic fertilizer, wherein the method comprises the following steps: pretreatment of oyster shells: washing and drying the waste oyster shells, calcining, and carrying out superfine crushing to prepare oyster shell powder; pretreatment of organic waste: in the feeding process, organic wastes are classified, inorganic matters mixed in the organic wastes are removed, and then the organic wastes are mechanically crushed to obtain an organic mixture; and (3) enzyme full degradation process: adding a mixed enzyme preparation into the organic mixture, and fermenting to obtain a liquid organic fertilizer; and (3) drying the mixture: performing microwave drying on the prepared liquid organic fertilizer to obtain a brittle solid, and lightly pressing to obtain a powdery organic fertilizer; and (3) compounding and packaging: compounding the prepared oyster shell with powdery organic fertilizer to obtain a finished product. The compound organic fertilizer prepared by the invention is a novel fertilizer which has rich nutrition, high fertility, easy absorption, no harm of insect pests and rotten roots and functions of regulating acid and supplementing calcium.

Description

Method for completely degrading organic waste by biological enzyme method and oyster shell powder organic fertilizer

Technical Field

The invention relates to an organic waste treatment technology, in particular to a method for completely degrading organic waste by a biological enzyme method and an oyster shell powder organic fertilizer.

Background

Along with the rapid development of the economy of China, the urban scale is gradually enlarged, the population is increased, the living standard of China is gradually increased, and the urban domestic garbage of China is increased year by year. According to statistics, the urban domestic garbage in China is increased by 8-10% every year. The municipal domestic waste is mainly resident domestic waste, commercial waste and municipal management waste, wherein the main components of kitchen waste and green waste are organic substances such as starch, plant fiber, animal fat and the like, and the waste is waste generated in the production and living process of people and accounts for more than 50 percent of the municipal waste.

Compared with other municipal wastes, the kitchen waste has the characteristics of high water content, organic matter content, salt content and grease content, easy fermentation, rich nutrient elements and the like. In daily life, the substances are easy to rot and deteriorate to generate odor, breed germs and provide good living environment for animals such as flies, insects and the like. Nowadays, the treatment methods of the substances in China mainly comprise dumping, burning, landfill, traditional composting and the like. The water system is easily damaged by dumping. The incineration needs a large amount of incineration materials, the energy consumption is large, the generated dust pollutes air, and the landfill causes pollution to soil and underground water systems. The traditional compost occupies a large area and cannot completely decompose substances. The harm of the household garbage is highlighted; not only encroach on land resources and pollute air and water, but also has the hidden troubles of breeding germs and infectious diseases. The treatment of the kitchen waste is harmless, quantitative-reducing, stable and resource-recycling, which is the target of the world treatment. Organic wastes such as kitchen wastes, greening wastes, aquatic product processing wastes and the like are prepared into organic fertilizers by a compound enzymolysis mode, and the organic fertilizers are an ideal treatment mode for planting and improving barren soil.

The invention patent application with publication number CN103553726A discloses a method for preparing organic fertilizer from kitchen garbage, which comprises the steps of feeding, fermenting and blending. The invention patent application with publication number CN109053283A discloses a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by utilizing kitchen waste, which comprises the following steps: (1) sorting and crushing, (2) filtering to remove floating oil, (3) performing enzymolysis treatment, (4) separating oil, (5) performing primary fermentation, (6) performing secondary fermentation, and (7) granulating. The invention patent application with application publication number CN109438080A discloses a method for producing a bio-organic fertilizer by comprehensively utilizing biogas residue kitchen organic garbage, which comprises the steps of pretreating biogas residue and kitchen garbage, adjusting the water content, filtering out excessive water, and adding 10% of auxiliary materials into the pretreated garbage; mixing the weighed microbial inoculum and the auxiliary materials according to the proportion of 1:10, and uniformly stirring; weighing and mixing the expanded biological fermentation inoculant and the pretreated garbage, adding quick lime, a decomposing agent and a sterilization deodorant, stirring, and uniformly stirring to obtain a fermentation product; stacking the stirred fermented materials, performing stacking fermentation in an aerobic mode, turning and throwing the fermented materials once every 1 to 3 days by using a turning machine for 5 to 8 times, and keeping the temperature between 35 and 55 ℃; and piling the fermented materials for 15-20 days to obtain the biological organic fertilizer. These patent applications suffer from the following technical drawbacks: 1) the water content needs to be adjusted and water and oil need to be separated; 2) fermentation is needed, and the fermentation time is too long; 3) needs to be composted and turned for a plurality of times, and consumes a large amount of resources.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for completely degrading organic wastes by using a biological enzyme method, which realizes the complete degradation of the organic wastes by using biological enzymes, has wide applicable treatment objects, has no material source limitation, and is applicable to kitchen garbage, greening garbage, aquatic product processing wastes and the like.

In the invention, inorganic matters in the organic waste are removed, the residual materials are directly subjected to enzymolysis, and the residual materials are solid-liquid mixtures of organic residues, residual juice, oil layers and the like, so that the solid-liquid ratio does not need to be adjusted or oil-water phases do not need to be separated because: the added enzyme is hydrolase, materials can be better decomposed in a water environment, and the added lipase can better hydrolyze triglyceride into micromolecular substances such as glycerol, fatty acid and the like. In the present invention, inorganic substances in the waste are separated because inorganic components such as stone and iron wire cannot be enzymatically decomposed. Meanwhile, the inorganic substances are difficult to crush to obtain fine materials, such as animal bone remains. Removing inorganic substances mixed in the raw materials, and mechanically crushing to obtain particles with a size of less than 1 mm. If the materials are not crushed, the enzymolysis process needs to be carried out by turning over the materials to realize full degradation, and the enzymolysis time needs to be prolonged by 10 to 20 times.

In the present invention, the complex enzyme preparation is preferably a mixture of lipase, proteolytic enzyme, and cellulase, and is used for performing enzymolysis on residues, fats and oils, cellulose, and the like. The mass ratio of the lipase to the organic mixture is as follows: proteolytic enzymes: cellulase 0.3-0.4%: 0.7-0.8%: 0.1-0.2%, enzymolysis time: 1-3 hours, enzymolysis temperature: the enzymolysis pH is 7.0-9.0 at 45-55 ℃, all organic wastes are degraded to obtain liquid organic fertilizer, so that all solid organic wastes are liquefied, and meanwhile, liquid organic matters are decomposed into micromolecular substances such as oligosaccharide, triglyceride, amino acid and the like. More preferably, the mass ratio of lipase to the organic mixture is, lipase: proteolytic enzymes: cellulase 0.3%: 0.75%: 0.1%, enzymolysis time: 2 hours, enzymolysis temperature: the enzymolysis pH is 7.5-8.5 at 45-55 ℃. For example: lipase: proteolytic enzymes: cellulase 0.3%: 0.75%: 0.1 percent. The enzymolysis treatment time is as follows: for 2 hours. The enzymolysis temperature is as follows: at 50 ℃. The pH value of the enzymolysis is 8.0.

The liquid organic fertilizer prepared by the invention can supplement fertilizers such as urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and the like, and the liquid organic fertilizer with rich nutrition is prepared.

The conventional drying method of the liquid organic fertilizer mainly comprises a mechanical dehydration method, a heating and drying method, spray drying and the like, wherein the mechanical dehydration method applies pressure to materials to extrude water, but the application of the pressure is more suitable for the pretreatment stage of raw materials, the method is not suitable for the organic fertilizer prepared from powder in the later period, and the water content of the dehydrated materials is still high; the heating drying method is simple and convenient to operate, but the drying mode is not thorough, so that agglomeration easily occurs in the drying process of the liquid organic fertilizer, hard blocks are generated, and uniform powder is difficult to obtain by crushing in the later period. The spray drying of the fermented liquid organic fertilizer is easy to reduce the activity and structure of the substances. In order to solve the problems of incomplete and non-uniform drying, substance activity damage, powder agglomeration and the like in the drying mode, the invention adopts a microwave drying mode with the advantages of high speed, uniform drying, energy consumption saving and the like to remove the organic fertilizer, but the moisture of the general microwave drying material is about 20 percent and cannot be dried at one time.

Therefore, the microwave mode adopted by the invention is as follows: the method is carried out in a vacuum drier with the vacuum degree of 20-40kPa, the microwave heating at 300-400MHz is firstly carried out for 5-8min, then the microwave heating at 500-600MHz is carried out for 4-6min, and finally the microwave heating at 800-900MHz is carried out for 1-5min, so that the maximum removal of water is realized, and meanwhile, the brittle solid is obtained unexpectedly. The brittle solid can be kneaded into powder organic fertilizer by slight force. Therefore, the dried mixture does not need a crushing process and crushing equipment, and the powdery organic fertilizer with the particle size of less than 1mm can be obtained by light pressing during packaging and transportation. Preferably, the microwave drying conditions are: the vacuum degree of the vacuum dryer is 30kPa, the microwave heating is firstly carried out for 7min at 350MHz, for 5min at 575MHz and finally for 3min at 850 MHz.

In the process of compound packaging, the compound proportion of the organic fertilizer and the oyster shells can adopt any proper proportion, such as the mass proportion of 1: 1. the packaging adopts the existing method. The oyster shell is oyster shell powder prepared by calcining and superfine crushing, and the conventional oyster shell does not have a microporous structure. When the calcining temperature is 600 ℃, the pore diameter structure of the oyster shell begins to appear, and when the calcining temperature is 800 ℃, 2-10 micron honeycomb-shaped holes with uniform size and dense distribution are formed. The oyster shell powder is obtained after superfine crushing, so that the oyster shell powder can be fully fused with organic fertilizer.

The specific scheme is as follows:

a method for completely degrading organic waste by a biological enzyme method comprises the following steps:

pretreatment of oyster shells: washing and drying the waste oyster shells, calcining, and then carrying out superfine crushing to prepare oyster shell powder;

pretreatment of organic waste: in the feeding process, organic wastes are classified, inorganic matters mixed in the organic wastes are removed, and then the organic wastes are mechanically crushed to obtain an organic mixture;

the complete degradation process of the complex enzyme: adding a complex enzyme preparation into the organic mixture, and fermenting to obtain a liquid organic fertilizer;

and (3) drying the mixture: performing microwave drying on the prepared liquid organic fertilizer to obtain a brittle solid, and lightly pressing to obtain a powdery organic fertilizer;

and (3) compounding and packaging: compounding the prepared oyster shell with powdery organic fertilizer to obtain a finished product.

Further, in the pretreatment of the oyster shells, the calcining temperature is 600-800 ℃, the calcining time is 20-40min, and honeycomb-shaped holes of 2-10 microns are formed in the oyster shells through calcining;

optionally, the particle size of the oyster shell after superfine crushing is 10-25 microns.

Further, in the pretreatment of the organic waste, the organic waste is composed of at least one of kitchen waste, green waste and aquatic product processing waste.

Furthermore, in the pretreatment of the organic waste, the water content of the organic waste is not required in the feeding process, and the water content of the material does not need to be adjusted; the organic waste does not need to be subjected to solid-liquid separation or oil-water separation, and only inorganic matters are removed.

Further, in the process of the complete degradation of the complex enzyme, the complex enzyme preparation adopted is a mixture of lipase, proteolytic enzyme and cellulase, and the mass ratio of the lipase to the organic mixture is as follows: proteolytic enzymes: cellulase 0.3-0.4%: 0.7-0.8%: 0.1-0.2%, enzymolysis time: 1-3 hours, enzymolysis temperature: and (3) carrying out enzymolysis at the temperature of 45-55 ℃ and the pH value of the enzymolysis is 7.0-9.0, and completely degrading organic wastes to obtain the liquid organic fertilizer.

Further, in the process of full degradation of the compound enzyme, the enzymolysis reaction is directly carried out without turning over the fertilizer, and the liquid organic fertilizer is obtained after the reaction is finished;

optionally, a fertilizer is added into the liquid organic fertilizer, so that the liquid organic fertilizer with rich nutrition is obtained.

Further, in the drying of the mixture, the microwave drying conditions are as follows: the vacuum degree of the vacuum dryer is 20-40kPa, the microwave heating at 300-400MHz is firstly carried out for 5-8min, the microwave heating at 500-600MHz is then carried out for 4-6min, and finally the microwave heating at 800-900MHz is carried out for 1-5min, so as to obtain the brittle solid, wherein the water content is lower than 10% by mass.

The invention also protects the oyster shell powder organic fertilizer prepared by the method for fully degrading organic wastes by using the biological enzyme method, and organic matters in the oyster shell powder organic fertilizer are completely decomposed without residues.

The invention also protects the application of the oyster shell powder organic fertilizer in fruit planting.

Furthermore, the oyster shell powder improves the single fruit weight of the litchi fruits, increases soluble sugar, soluble solid, sugar-acid ratio and solid-acid ratio, and improves the flavor quality of the litchi fruits; or the oyster shell powder improves the fruit yield of the yellow navel orange, reduces the number of black spot fruits, cracked fruits and rotten fruits, improves the soluble sugar, soluble solid matters, sugar-acid ratio, vitamin C, juice yield and water content of the fruits, and improves the fruit quality of the yellow navel orange.

Has the advantages that:

1. the invention relates to a method for completely degrading organic wastes by a biological enzyme method, which utilizes organic wastes such as kitchen wastes, green wastes, aquatic product processing wastes and waste oyster shells as production raw materials, sequentially carries out pretreatment, high-temperature calcination, superfine crushing, pretreatment, crushing, enzymolysis and microwave drying on the organic wastes, and finally compounds the oyster shells and a dry organic fertilizer according to a proper proportion to form a novel compound fertilizer which has rich nutrition, high fertility, easy absorption, no harm of insect pest and rotten roots, and has the functions of regulating acid and supplementing calcium.

2. The oyster shell powder obtained by calcining and crushing the oyster shells at high temperature has a 2-10 micron honeycomb pore size structure, contains various trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese and the like, can play a role in fertilizer storage and slow release, and can promote plant growth, improve soil acidity, improve plant and fruit quality and the like.

3. The liquid organic waste obtained after enzymolysis can be adjusted and supplemented with fertilizers such as urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and the like to prepare the liquid organic fertilizer with rich nutrition.

4. In the invention, the complex enzyme is added into the organic waste, so that the residues, grease, cellulose and other substances in the organic waste are decomposed into small molecular substances such as oligosaccharide, triglyceride, amino acid and the like, and the small molecular substances are easy to be absorbed by the root system of the plant.

5. The oyster shell powder compound organic fertilizer prepared by the invention has the advantages that after enzymolysis, organic matters are completely decomposed, no residue is left, the process is green and environment-friendly, high-value utilization of resources is realized, and the problem of environmental pollution caused by organic matters and oyster shells is solved.

Drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, the drawings will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description relate only to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram provided in accordance with one embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a comparison chart of litchi fruits provided in an embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a graph of the results of a field experiment on yellow land navel oranges provided in one embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of detecting the nutrient substances in the yellow navel orange according to an embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a rotten fruit picture of a control group of yellow navel oranges according to an embodiment 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a fruit cracking picture of a control group of yellow navel oranges according to an embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available. In the following examples, "%" means weight percent, unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

Preparing organic fertilizer, referring to figure 1, comprising the following steps:

(1) pretreatment of oyster shells: the waste oyster shells are shells of the oysters with meat taken out, 15Kg of waste oyster shells are washed and dried, and then calcined at the high temperature of 800 ℃ for 30min to obtain 13.15Kg of calcined oyster shells with the yield of 87.6 percent, and then the oyster shells are prepared by ultramicro crushing, wherein the particle size of the ultramicro crushed oyster shells is 10-25 microns, and the yield is 100 percent.

(2) Pretreatment of organic waste: the organic waste is composed of kitchen waste, greening waste and aquatic product processing waste, the water content of the kitchen waste and the aquatic product processing waste is generally 50% -100%, and compared with the water content of the greening waste, the water content of the greening waste is low. In the feeding process, the organic waste is classified, and inorganic substances such as stones, animal bone remains, iron wires and the like which cannot be broken are removed from the organic waste. No adjustment of the water content is required. The adding amount is 15Kg, and then the solid-liquid mixture of organic residue, residual juice, oil layer and the like is obtained by mechanical crushing, and the yield is 98%.

(3) The complete degradation process of the complex enzyme: at this stage, 0.09g of lipase, 0.22g of proteolytic enzyme and 0.03g of cellulase were added. The initial temperature is 55 ℃, the enzymolysis time is 2 hours, the enzymolysis pH is 8, and the liquid organic fertilizer is obtained, wherein the yield is 100%.

(4) And (3) drying the mixture: and (2) performing microwave drying on the prepared 14.7Kg of liquid organic fertilizer, wherein the microwave drying conditions are as follows: the vacuum degree of the vacuum dryer was 30 kPa. Heating with 350MHz microwave for 7min, heating with 550MHz microwave for 5min, and heating with 850MHz microwave for 3 min. 12.64Kg of powdery organic fertilizer with the yield of 86.1 percent and the obtained substance which can be slightly and forcefully kneaded into pieces is prepared.

(5) And (3) compounding and packaging: and (3) carrying out 1:1, the total weight is 25Kg, and the packaging material is o-phenylphenol, so as to obtain the fertilizer finished product.

Example 2

The liquid organic fertilizer prepared in example 1 was heated under normal pressure with 550MHz microwave for 15min, and the residual moisture content was found to be 25 wt%.

Subsequently, optimization of the drying conditions was started. The liquid organic fertilizer prepared in example 1 was again heated under vacuum at a vacuum degree of 30kPa for 15min with a microwave of 550MHz, and the residual moisture content in this condition was found to be 20% by weight, although the moisture was reduced, the material was found to be slightly scorched, indicating that the material was dried for a long time. So the conditions continue to be optimized.

The liquid organic fertilizer prepared in example 1 was again taken out and the search was continued, and it was found that the moisture content was about 20 wt% when the liquid organic fertilizer was heated for 5 minutes under the microwave condition of 550MHz at a vacuum degree of 30kPa, but the moisture content was not so small as the time was prolonged.

Taking the liquid organic fertilizer prepared in the example 1 again, continuously searching, firstly heating for 7min by using 350MHz microwave when the vacuum degree is 30kPa, finding that the moisture content under the condition is about 35 wt%, the material has a wet and viscous touch, continuously heating, reducing the moisture content of the material to below 10 wt% by heating for 5min under 550MHz microwave, and continuously heating for 3min by using 850MHz microwave close to the food microwave drying condition, wherein the material is dried uniformly and finely without surface scorching, and the moisture content is also suitable for long-term storage.

Example 3

By applying the fertilizer finished product prepared in the example 1, the oyster shell powder organic fertilizer is applied to the planting process of the seedless litchis in south island, and the effect is verified.

The experimental fertilization time is 3 months and 11 days in 2020.

Test site: the geographic coordinates of a second-agriculture community in the rear creek town of the underground region of the litchi base are 24 degrees of north latitude 39 '7 degrees and 118 degrees of east longitude 1' 17 degrees; the altitude is 46 meters, and the product belongs to the oceanic climate of south Asia tropics, and has sufficient light and heat, the annual average temperature is about 21 ℃, the absolute maximum temperature is 40 ℃, and the annual average rainfall is about 1100 millimeters.

The fruit tree treatment mode is as follows: the control group was applied with basic fertilizer, the experimental group and the control group were kept the same, in addition, 10kg of oyster shell powder organic fertilizer was applied, each treatment area was 5m²。

The fertilization mode is that the dripping line of the trunk is a semicircle and is uniformly spread, and then a small ditch with the depth of 30cm is dug at the outer edge of the dripping line, so that the loss of the compound fertilizer is reduced.

The harvesting time is 7 months and 11 days in 2020. Collecting litchi fruits with same height, similar size and consistent color and maturity, and determining the sugar-acid ratio and the acid-fixing ratio of the fruits.

The determination method comprises the following steps: soluble solid and titratable acid are measured by adopting an ATAGO-fruit sugar-acid ratio all-in-one machine. The content of soluble sugar refers to Anthracene reagent method of Cao health in the guidance of physiological and biochemical experiments after fruit and vegetable harvest.

The results are shown in table 1, and the field experiment results in table 1 show that the oyster shell powder organic fertilizer can obviously improve the single fruit weight of the seedless litchis in south island, increase the soluble sugar, the soluble solid, the sugar-acid ratio and the acid-solid ratio, and effectively improve the flavor quality of the litchis. FIG. 2 is a comparison of fruits in control and experimental groups, showing that the fruits in the experimental group are larger in volume and darker in red color.

TABLE 1 field experiment result table of oyster shell powder organic fertilizer applied to seedless litchis in Nandao

Example 4

By applying the fertilizer finished product prepared in the embodiment 1, the oyster shell powder organic fertilizer is applied to the planting process of the yellow land navel orange, and the effect is verified.

The experimental fertilization time is 3 months and 15 days in 2020.

Test site: the navel orange base is positioned in yellow village of the rear stream town of the region of great concentration, and the geographic coordinates are 24 degrees of 74 '3' in northern latitude and 117 degrees of 9 '87' in east longitude; the average altitude is 400m, belongs to the oceanic climate of the south subtropics, has sufficient photo-thermal property, has the annual average temperature of about 20 ℃, the absolute maximum temperature of 35 ℃ and the annual average rainfall of about 1100 mm.

The fruit tree treatment mode is as follows: the control group was applied with basic fertilizer, the experimental group and the control group were kept the same, in addition, 10kg of oyster shell powder organic fertilizer was applied, the treated area was 50m²The fertilization mode is that the dripping line of the trunk is a semicircle and is uniformly spread.

The harvesting time is 2020, 12 months and 2 days. Measuring relevant indexes of the fruits after harvesting, wherein the measuring method and the indexes are shown as follows;

the fruit comparison index adopts a counting method.

The soluble solid and titratable acid are measured by adopting an ATAGO-fruit sugar-acid ratio all-in-one machine, and the content of soluble sugar is determined by referring to the soluble sugar content of Cao in the anthrone reagent method of the 'guidance of physiological and biochemical experiments after fruit and vegetable harvest'.

The moisture content is measured by adopting an MA35 moisture content measuring instrument, the juice yield is measured by adopting a juicing method, and the vitamin C content is measured by referring to a spectrophotometer method in the guidance of physiological and biochemical experiments after fruit and vegetable harvest.

The measurement index results are shown in fig. 3 and 4. As can be seen from figure 3, the oyster shell powder organic fertilizer can obviously improve the fruit yield of the yellow navel oranges, reduce the number of black spot fruits, cracked fruits and rotten fruits and increase the fruit yield by 16%. As can be seen from figure 4, the oyster shell powder organic fertilizer can obviously improve the fruit quality of the yellow navel orange, and the content of soluble sugar, soluble solid, sugar-acid ratio, vitamin C, juice yield, water and the like in the fruit is increased.

Fig. 5 is a comparison of fruits in the control group and the experimental group, and it can be seen that the fruits in the experimental group are bigger and brighter. Fig. 6 shows the rotten fruit and cracked fruit conditions of the control group, and the rotten fruit number ratio in the experimental group is 2.5%, which is significantly reduced by 6.7% compared with 9.2% of the control group. The fruit cracking is another main problem existing in navel orange planting, in an experiment, the fruit cracking rate of a control group is 7.2% (number ratio), the fruit cracking rate of an experimental group is 4.0% (number ratio), and after the prepared compound fertilizer is added, the fruit cracking condition is obviously improved, so that the oyster shell powder organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention obviously improves the fruit cracking and rotten problems of the navel oranges and effectively improves the fruit yield.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for completely degrading organic waste by a biological enzyme method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

2. The method for full degradation of organic waste by a bio-enzyme method according to claim 1, wherein: in the pretreatment of the oyster shells, the calcining temperature is 600-800 ℃, the calcining time is 20-40min, and honeycomb-shaped holes of 2-10 microns are formed in the oyster shells through calcining;

3. The method for full degradation of organic waste by a bio-enzyme method according to claim 1, wherein: in the pretreatment of the organic waste, the organic waste is composed of at least one of kitchen waste, greening waste and aquatic product processing waste.

4. The method for full degradation of organic waste by a bio-enzyme method according to claim 1, wherein: in the pretreatment of the organic waste, the water content of the organic waste is not required in the feeding process, and the water content of the material does not need to be adjusted; the organic waste does not need to be subjected to solid-liquid separation or oil-water separation, and only inorganic matters are removed.

5. The method for full degradation of organic waste by a bio-enzyme method according to claim 4, wherein: in the process of the complete degradation of the complex enzyme, the complex enzyme preparation is a mixture of lipase, proteolytic enzyme and cellulase, and the mass ratio of the lipase to the organic mixture is as follows: proteolytic enzymes: cellulase 0.3-0.4%: 0.7-0.8%: 0.1-0.2%, enzymolysis time: 1-3 hours, enzymolysis temperature: and (3) carrying out enzymolysis at the temperature of 45-55 ℃ and the pH value of the enzymolysis is 7.0-9.0, and completely degrading organic wastes to obtain the liquid organic fertilizer.

6. The method for full degradation of organic waste by a bio-enzyme method according to claim 5, wherein: in the process of full degradation of the complex enzyme, the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction is directly carried out without turning over the fertilizer, and the liquid organic fertilizer is obtained after the reaction is finished;

7. The method for completely degrading organic waste by using the bio-enzyme method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: in the drying of the mixture, the microwave drying conditions are as follows: the vacuum degree of the vacuum dryer is 20-40kPa, the microwave heating at 300-400MHz is firstly carried out for 5-8min, the microwave heating at 500-600MHz is then carried out for 4-6min, and finally the microwave heating at 800-900MHz is carried out for 1-5min, so as to obtain the brittle solid.

8. The oyster shell powder organic fertilizer prepared by the method for completely degrading organic wastes by using the biological enzyme method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized in that: organic matters in the oyster shell powder organic fertilizer are completely decomposed without residue.

9. The use of the oyster shell powder organic fertilizer of claim 8 in fruit cultivation.

10. The use of the oyster shell powder organic fertilizer according to claim 9 in fruit cultivation, which is characterized in that: the oyster shell powder improves the single fruit weight of the litchi fruits, increases soluble sugar, soluble solid, sugar-acid ratio and solid-acid ratio, and improves the flavor quality of the litchi fruits; or the oyster shell powder improves the fruit yield of the yellow navel orange, reduces the number of black spot fruits, cracked fruits and rotten fruits, improves the soluble sugar, soluble solid matters, sugar-acid ratio, vitamin C, juice yield and water content of the fruits, and improves the fruit quality of the yellow navel orange.