CN112927668A

CN112927668A - Sound insulation member

Info

Publication number: CN112927668A
Application number: CN201911388141.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赖宇伦; 徐芷涵; 傅崇玮; 黄任廷
Original assignee: Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
Current assignee: Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
Priority date: 2019-12-05
Filing date: 2019-12-27
Publication date: 2021-06-08

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a sound insulating member. The sound insulation member includes a structural unit (structural element), and a first composite film disposed on a lower surface of the structural unit. The structural unit has at least one through hole (via) penetrating through the structural unit. The first composite film comprises a polymer material and an inorganic nano material, wherein the inorganic nano material is a one-dimensional inorganic nano material or a two-dimensional inorganic nano material.

Description

Sound insulation member

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a sound insulating member.

Background

In buildings such as residential houses, office buildings, and hotels, there is a demand for silent performance suitable for indoor use by blocking outdoor noise from automobiles, railways, aircrafts, ships, and the like, and equipment noise and human voice generated inside the buildings. Further, in vehicles such as automobiles, railways, aircrafts, and ships, it is necessary to reduce indoor noise in order to block wind noise or engine noise to provide a quiet and comfortable space for passengers.

In the use of conventional sound-insulating materials, the heavier the mass of the sound-insulating material is, the better the sound-shielding effect thereof is, and therefore, in order to obtain a good sound-insulating effect, it is necessary to increase the volume and mass of the sound-insulating material itself. However, in both buildings and vehicles, weight reduction is strongly required for the components and materials used in the buildings, the vehicles, and the like, to increase the degree of freedom in design and increase the power consumption efficiency of the vehicles. Therefore, the sound insulation effect of the traditional sound insulation material is limited due to the mass limit of buildings or vehicles. In addition, the conventional sound-insulating material, for example, has a high sound-shielding effect against high-frequency sound waves and a poor sound-shielding effect against low-frequency sound waves.

Therefore, there is a need for a novel sound-insulating material to solve the problems encountered in the prior art.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a sound insulation member including: a structural unit, wherein the structural unit has at least one through hole, and the through hole extends along a first direction and penetrates through the structural unit, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the lower surface of the structural unit; and a first composite film disposed on the lower surface of the structural unit, wherein the composite film comprises at least a first micro-cavity, wherein the first micro-cavity is located in the first composite film and extends along a second direction, and the second direction is parallel to the lower surface of the structural unit and is perpendicular to the first direction, wherein the first micro-cavity has a maximum length L1 in the first direction and a maximum length L2 in the second direction, wherein L1/L2 is 0.01 to 0.5.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the sound insulation member of the present disclosure includes a structural unit, wherein the structural unit has at least one through hole, and the through hole penetrates through the structural unit; and a first composite film disposed on the lower surface of the structural unit, wherein the first composite film comprises a polymer material and an inorganic nano material, and the weight ratio of the inorganic nano material to the polymer material is 1: 10 to 2: 1.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a sound insulating member according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the soundproof member shown in fig. 1, taken along a line 2-2'.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the sound insulating member of fig. 1.

Fig. 4A-4E are schematic top views of acoustical insulation members according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the sound barrier member of fig. 1 in area 5.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the sound barrier member of fig. 1 in area 6.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a sound barrier member according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a sound barrier member according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the baffle member of fig. 8 taken along line 9-9'.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a sound barrier member according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 11 shows a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) pattern of the composite membrane (1) described in preparation example 1.

Fig. 12 shows a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) spectrum of composite membrane (2) described in preparation example 2.

Fig. 13 shows a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) spectrum of the composite membrane (3) described in preparation example 3.

Fig. 14 shows a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) spectrum of the composite membrane (4) described in preparation example 4.

Fig. 15 shows a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) spectrum of the composite membrane (5) described in preparation example 5.

FIG. 16 shows a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) pattern of the composite membrane (6) described in preparation example 6.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of a structural unit used for the soundproof member (11) according to example 9.

Description of the reference numerals

2-2' tangent line

5. 6 region

9-9' tangent line

10 structural unit

11 lower surface

13 upper surface of

15 through hole

17 round hole

20 first composite film

21 first micro-cavity

22 polymeric material

23 second micro-cavity

24 inorganic nano material

26 first layer

28 second layer

30 second composite film

36 third layer

38 fourth layer

100 sound insulation member

D1 first direction

D2 second direction

Length of L

L1 maximum length of first micro-cavity in first direction

L2 maximum length of first micro-cavity in second direction

L3 maximum length of second micro-cavity in first direction

L4 maximum length of second micro-cavity in second direction

Thickness of T1 structural element

Thickness of T2 first composite film

Thickness of T3 second composite film

Width W

Detailed Description

The soundproof member of the present disclosure is explained in detail below. It is to be understood that the following description provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different aspects of the disclosure. The specific components and arrangements described below are merely provided to simplify the present disclosure. These are, of course, merely examples and are not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. Moreover, repeated reference numerals or designations may be used in various embodiments. These iterations are merely for simplicity and clarity in describing the present disclosure, and are not intended to represent any relationship between the various embodiments and/or structures discussed.

It is to be understood that the components specifically described or illustrated may exist in various forms well known to those skilled in the art. Further, when a layer is "on" another layer or a substrate, it may mean "directly on" the other layer or the substrate, or that the layer is on the other layer or the substrate, or that the other layer is interposed between the other layer and the substrate.

The shape and thickness of the embodiments may be exaggerated in the drawings for simplicity or convenience. Moreover, while the invention has been described in connection with specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments.

Moreover, the use of ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," "third," etc., in the specification and claims to modify a requested element is not by itself intended to imply any previous order to the requested element, nor is the order in which a requested element is sequenced from another element, or how the requested element is sequenced from a manufacturing process, and the use of such ordinal numbers is merely used to distinguish one requested element having a certain name from another requested element having a same name.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a soundproof member, wherein the soundproof member includes a structural unit, and a first composite film is disposed on a lower surface of the structural unit. The first composite film may include a polymer material and an inorganic nano-material. Since the inorganic nanomaterial in the first composite film is a one-dimensional nanostructure material (e.g., nanorod, nanowire, nanobelt, nanotube, nanofiber, nanotip, or nanocolumn), or is a two-dimensional nanostructure material (e.g., nanosheet, nanoplate, or nanoplate), a microvole may be formed in the composite film, such that the first composite film has anisotropy (anisotropic). Since the micro-cavities in the composite film also have the effect of extending the sound path, and the composite film seals the through holes of the structural units (forming the resonant cavity), the sound insulation member of the present disclosure has an increased sound insulation amount (STL) for low or high frequency sound waves, thereby enhancing the sound insulation effect. In addition, by adding the inorganic nano-materials disclosed in the present disclosure, the properties (e.g., young's modulus) of the first composite film can be greatly enhanced compared to that before the inorganic nano-materials are added, and the Poisson's ratio (ratio) of the first composite film can be reduced.

According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the sound insulation member of the present disclosure is a metamaterial (meta) having characteristics of being strong, light and good in sound insulation. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the soundproof member of the present disclosure may be applied to a vehicle (e.g., an automobile, a railway, an aircraft, a ship) or its related equipment to provide a space comfortable for an occupant. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the soundproof member of the present disclosure may also be applied to a building, increasing an indoor soundproof effect or reducing external environmental noise.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure provides a sound insulating member. Referring to fig. 1, the sound insulation member 100 includes a structural unit 10, wherein the structural unit has at least one through hole 15 (e.g., a plurality of two or more through holes), and the through hole 15 extends along a first direction D1 and penetrates through the structural unit 10 (from the lower surface 11 of the structural unit 10 to the upper surface 13 of the structural unit 10). The first direction D1 is perpendicular to the lower surface 11 or the upper surface 13 of the structural unit 10. The sound insulating member 100 includes a first composite film 20 disposed on the lower surface 11 of the structural unit 10.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the soundproof member 100 shown in fig. 1, taken along a line 2-2'. Referring to fig. 2, the structural unit 10 has a thickness T1 of between about 1.5mm and 20mm (e.g., between 2mm and 20mm, between 3mm and 15mm, between 3mm and 12mm, or between 2mm and 10 mm). For example, the thickness of the structural unit 10 may be about 1.5mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, 16mm, 17mm, 18mm, 19mm, or 20 mm. If the thickness T1 of the structural unit 10 is too thin, the depth of the formed resonance cavity is not sufficient, which results in a reduction in the sound-insulating effect of the sound-insulating member. If the thickness T1 of the structural unit 10 is too thick, the overall weight of the noise insulation member will increase. Still referring to fig. 2, the first composite film 20 has a thickness T2 of about 10 μm to 1mm (e.g., between 10 μm and 500 μm, or between 10 μm and 300 μm). For example, the thickness T2 of the first composite film 20 may be about 10 μm, 20 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 500 μm, or 1 mm. If the thickness T2 of the first composite film 20 is too thin, the first composite film may be easily broken. If thickness T2 of first compound membrane 20 is too thick, it results in an increase in manufacturing cost and an increase in weight of the soundproof member.

According to the disclosed embodiment, the first composite film 20 is in direct contact with the lower surface 11 of the structural unit 10. In other words, there is no film layer or medium between the first composite film 20 and the structural unit 10. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first composite film 20 is bonded to the structural unit 10 by an adhesive (not shown). According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the binder may be selected according to the materials of the structural unit and the first composite film, and is not particularly limited as long as the binder can bind the first composite film and the structural unit. For example, the adhesive may be a polyvinyl acetate adhesive, a natural polymer adhesive, a vinyl adhesive, a polyester adhesive, a polyamide resin adhesive, or an epoxy resin adhesive.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the sound insulating member 100 of fig. 1. Referring to fig. 3, according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first composite film 20 can seal one end of the through hole 15 at the lower surface 11 of the structural unit. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the horizontal cross section (horizontal cross section) of the structural unit 10 is not particularly limited, and may be selected according to actual requirements, such as polygonal (polygon shaped), circular (circle shaped), semicircular (semi-circle shaped), elliptical (oval shaped), semi-elliptical (semi-oval shaped), irregular (irregular shaped), or a combination thereof. In the present disclosure, the irregular shape refers to a polygonal structure that does not follow the principle of symmetry, or a polygonal structure in which at least one side is a curved line. The horizontal section is parallel to a second direction D2, and the horizontal section is perpendicular to the first direction D1. In addition, the second direction D2 is also perpendicular to the first direction D1. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the horizontal cross section (horizontal cross section) of the structural unit 10 may be a triangle, a quadrangle (as shown in fig. 3 and 4A), a pentagon, a hexagon, a heptagon, an octagon, a dodecagon, a polygon (as shown in fig. 4B), a circle (as shown in fig. 4C), a semicircle, an ellipse, a semi-ellipse, or a combination thereof (as shown in fig. 4D).

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the horizontal cross section (horizontal cross section) of the through hole 15 is not particularly limited, and may be selected according to actual requirements, such as polygonal-star (multi-pointed star shaped), polygonal (polygon shaped), circular (circle shaped), semicircular (semi-circle shaped), elliptical (oval shaped), semi-elliptical (semi-oval shaped), irregular (irregular shaped), or a combination thereof. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the horizontal cross section (horizontal cross section) of the through hole 15 may be a triangular star, a four-pointed star, a pentagonal star, a hexagonal star (as shown in fig. 4B), a triangle, a quadrangle (as shown in fig. 4C and 4D), a pentagon, a hexagon, a heptagon, an octagon, a dodecagon, a polygon (as shown in fig. 4A), a circle (as shown in fig. 3), a semicircle, an ellipse, a semi-ellipse, or a combination thereof.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the two or more through holes are arranged in a random manner, a honeycomb manner (as shown in fig. 4B), an array manner (as shown in fig. 3, 4A, 4C, and 4D), or a periodic manner (as shown in fig. 4E).

Still referring to fig. 3, according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the structural unit 10 may have more than two through holes 15, wherein the number of through holes per unit area of the structural unit may be about 0.05 holes/cm²To 10.0 holes/cm²E.g. 0.1 holes/cm²To 9.0 holes/cm²0.2 pores/cm²To 9.0 holes/cm²0.5 pores/cm²To 8.0 pores/cm²Or 1.0 pores/cm²To 7.0 holes/cm². For example, the number of vias per unit area of the structural unit may be about 0.1 via/cm²0.3 holes/cm²0.6 well/cm²0.8 pores/cm²1.5 pores/cm²2.0 pores/cm²3.0 pores/cm²4.0 pores/cm²5.0 pores/cm²Or 6.0 pores/cm². According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, if the number of through holes per unit area of the structural unit is too low, the sound insulation effect of the sound insulation member is reduced.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the horizontal cross-sections of the two or more through-holes may be the same or different (as shown in fig. 4E). According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the areas of the horizontal cross-sections of the two or more through holes may be the same or different (as shown in fig. 4E).

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the structural unit 10 may include metal (metal), polymer (polymer), glass (glass), ceramic (ceramics), fiber (fiber), or a combination thereof. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the structural unit may include lithium, sodium, potassium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, titanium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, iron, cobalt, iridium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, aluminum, gallium, indium, tin, antimony, lead, germanium, or an alloy thereof. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the structural unit 10 may be stainless steel (stainless steel). According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the structural unit may include polyimide (polyimide), nylon (nylon), polyaramide (polyaramide), polybenzimidazole (polybenzimidazole), Polythioether (PES), Polyethyleneimine (PEI), polyacrylonitrile (polyacrylonitrile), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (polypropylene), polyaniline (polyaniline), polyethylene oxide (polyethylene oxide), polyethylene terephthalate (PEN), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), styrene butadiene rubber (styrene butadiene rubber, SBR), polystyrene (polystyrene), polyvinyl chloride (polyvinyl chloride), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polybutylene carbonate (polyvinylidene fluoride), or copolymers thereof. The number average molecular weight of the above-mentioned polymer material is not particularly limited, and may be 5,000 to 1,000,000, for example, about 5,000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000, 500,000, 800,000, or 1,000,000. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the material of the structural unit 10 may be a material suitable for 3D printing (materials capable of 3D printing). According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the structural unit may include silicon carbide (silicon carbide), boron nitride (boron nitride), silicon nitride (silicon nitride), mullite (mullite), cordierite (cordierite), zirconia (zirconia), titania (titania), silica (silica), tungsten oxide (magnesium), molybdenum oxide (molybdenum oxide), magnesium oxide (magnesium oxide), iron oxide (ferric oxide), alumina (alumina), spinel (spinel), kyanite (kyanite), sillimanite (sillimanite), andalusite (andalusite), silicate (silicate), titanate (titanate), clay (clay), talc (talc), zeolite (zeolite), zircon (zirconia), silica (silicate), feldspar (ferrite), tungsten sulfide (molybdenum sulfide), molybdenum sulfide (molybdenum sulfide), or a combination thereof. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the structural unit may include cellulose fiber (cellulose fiber), protein fiber (protein fiber), or a combination thereof.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the sound barrier member 100 of fig. 1 in area 5. Referring to fig. 5, the first composite film 20 may be a film formed by a mixture of a polymer material 22 and an inorganic nano-material 24 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, since the inorganic nano-material used in the present disclosure is a one-dimensional inorganic nano-material, a two-dimensional inorganic nano-material, or a combination thereof, the inorganic nano-material 24 may form at least one first micro-cavity 21 in the first composite film. Wherein the first micro-cavity 21 is located in the first composite film 20 and extends along a second direction D2. The second direction D2 is parallel to the lower surface 11 of the structural unit 10, and the second direction D2 is perpendicular to the first direction D1, wherein the first hole 21 has a maximum length L1 in the first direction D1, and the first hole 21 has a maximum length L2 in the second direction D2. It is noted that the ratio of the maximum length L1 to the maximum length L2 (L1/L2) of the first micro-cavity 21 is less than or equal to 0.5. For example, the ratio of the maximum length L1 to the maximum length L2 (L1/L2) of the first microcavity 21 is between 0.01 and 0.5, such as 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.08, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5. In other words, a micro-cavity in the first composite film 20 is defined as the first micro-cavity 21 if the ratio of the maximum length in the first direction D1 to the maximum length in the second direction D2 is less than or equal to 0.5 (e.g., between 0.01 and 0.5). According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the inorganic nanomaterials used by the present disclosure may comprise one-dimensional inorganic nanomaterials, two-dimensional inorganic nanomaterials, or a combination thereof.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to provide the first composite film 20 with the effect of extending the path of the sound wave, thereby enhancing the sound insulation effect of the sound insulation member 100, the ratio (V1/V) of the total volume V1 of all the first micro-cavities 21 in the first composite film 20 to the volume V of the first composite film is greater than or equal to 0.03. In addition, in order to make the first composite film 10 still have sufficient mechanical strength, the ratio (V1/V) of the total volume V1 of all the first micro-cavities 21 in the first composite film 20 to the volume V of the first composite film is less than or equal to 0.6. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, V1/V may be 0.03 to 0.6. According to certain embodiments of the present disclosure, V1/V may be 0.06 to 0.55. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, V1/V may be 0.03, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, or 0.55. The V1/V ratio of first composite film 20 can be obtained by the following steps: firstly, using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to perform image analysis on the first composite film, and judging a first micro-cavity 21 in an image; then, counting the volume V1 occupied by the first micro-cavity 21 and the volume V of the first composite film, and calculating to obtain V1/V; and repeating the above steps to obtain V1/V of the other part of the first composite film, and averaging the obtained data.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first composite film 10 may further include at least one second micro-cavity 23, as shown in fig. 6. The second hole 23 has a maximum length L3 in the first direction D1, and the second hole 23 has a maximum length L4 in the second direction D2. It is noted that the ratio (L3/L4) of the maximum length L3 to the maximum length L4 of the first micro-cavity 21 is greater than 0.5. For example, the ratio of the maximum length L3 to the maximum length L4 (L3/L4) of the first micro-cavity 21 is 0.5 to 100. In other words, a micro-cavity in the first composite film 20 is defined as the second micro-cavity 23 if the ratio of the maximum length in the first direction D1 to the maximum length in the second direction D2 is greater than 0.5. In order to provide the first composite film 20 with the effect of extending the sound wave path and thus enhancing the sound insulation effect of the sound insulation member 100, the ratio (V2/V) of the total volume V2 of all the second micro-cavities 23 in the first composite film 20 to the volume V of the first composite film is required to be less than 0.05. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, V2/V may be 0 to 0.05, 0 to 0.03, 0 to 0.01. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, V1/V may be greater than V2/V in the first composite film. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the number and volume of the first micro-holes 21 and the second micro-holes 23 in the first composite film 10 can be controlled by the size and the addition amount of the inorganic nano-material 24. For example, when the inorganic nanomaterial 24 is a one-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial, the longer the one-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial is (or the amount of the one-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial is added is within a certain range), the more easily the first micropores 21 are formed (i.e., the less easily the second micropores 23 are formed). For example, when the inorganic nanomaterial 24 used is a two-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial, the more planar the two-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial (or the amount added within a certain range), the more easily the first micro-holes 21 are formed (i.e., the less easily the second micro-holes 23 are formed). According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the ratio of V2/V of first composite film 20 may be obtained by: firstly, using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to perform image analysis on the first composite film, and judging second micro-cavities 23 in the image; then, counting the volume V2 occupied by the second micro-cavity 23 and the volume V of the first composite film, and calculating to obtain V2/V; and repeating the above steps to obtain V2/V of the other part of the first composite film, and averaging the obtained data.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first composite film 20 may have a porosity (porosity) of 1% to 60%, for example, 1%, 3%, 5%, 6%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, or 60%. According to certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the porosity is 5% to 55%, 10% to 50%, or 10% to 40%. In the present disclosure, porosity refers to the percentage of the volume of first composite film 20 occupied by all kinds of micro-cavities (i.e., including first micro-cavities 21 and second micro-cavities 23). If the porosity of the first composite film 20 is too low, the first composite film 20 has less effect of extending the sound wave path, and the sound insulation effect of the sound insulation member 100 cannot be enhanced. If the porosity of the first composite film 20 is too high, the mechanical strength of the first composite film 10 is insufficient.

The inorganic nanomaterial 24 in the present disclosure means that at least one of the three dimensions (length, width, height) of the inorganic material is less than 100nm (e.g., 1nm to 100 nm). The "one-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial" of the present disclosure means that the inorganic material has a first dimension, a second dimension, and a third dimension, wherein the size ratio of the first dimension to the second dimension is in the range of 5: 1 to 1000: 1, the size ratio of the first dimension to the third dimension is in the range of 5: 1 to 1000: 1, and the size ratio of the second dimension to the third dimension is in the range of 2: 1 to 1: 1. The "two-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial" described in the present disclosure means that the inorganic material has a first dimension, a second dimension, and a third dimension, wherein the size ratio of the first dimension and the second dimension is in the range of 4: 1 to 1: 1, the size ratio of the first dimension to the third dimension is in the range of 5: 1 to 1000: 1, and the size ratio of the second dimension to the third dimension is in the range of 5: 1 to 1000: 1.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the inorganic nano material of the present disclosure is added to the composite film to increase the number of the first micro-cavities and decrease the number of the second micro-cavities in the composite film, so as to enhance the sound insulation effect of the sound insulation member 100.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the inorganic nanomaterial 24 may include graphene (graphene), graphene oxide (graphene oxide), carbon nanotube (carbon nanotube), Halloysite Nanotube (HNT), nanoclay (nanoclay), carbon nanofiber (carbon nanofiber), metal nanowire (silver nanowire), or a combination thereof.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the one-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial may include a nanorod (nanorod), a nanowire (nanowire), a nanobelt (nanoribbon), a nanotube (nanotube) (e.g., a single-walled nanotube, a double-walled carbon nanotube, a multi-walled carbon nanotube, or a rope nanotube), a nanofiber (nanofiber), a nanotip (nanopillar), a nanopillar (nanopillar), or a combination thereof.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the one-dimensional inorganic nano material may include a metal material, a ceramic material, a carbon-based material (carbon-based material), or a combination thereof.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the one-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial may include a carbon nanotube (halosyite nanotube), a halosyite nanotube (halosyite nanotube), a carbon nanofiber (carbon nanofiber), a silver nanowire (silver nanowire), a gold nanowire (gold nanowire), a nickel nanowire (nickel nanowire), a copper nanowire (copper nanowire), a zinc oxide nanowire (zinc oxide nanowire), a titanium oxide nanowire (titanium oxide nanowire), or a combination thereof.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the two-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial may include a nanosheet (nanosheet), a nanoplate (nanoplate), a nanodisk (nanodisk), or a combination thereof.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the two-dimensional inorganic nano material may include a metal material, a ceramic material, a carbon-based material (carbon-based material), a transition metal dichalcogenide (transition metal dichalcogenide), clay (clay), or a combination thereof.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the two-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial may include graphene sheet (graphene leak), graphene oxide sheet (graphene oxide leak), graphene-like sheet (graphene-like leak), rolled graphene (rolled graphene oxide), rolled graphene oxide (rolled graphene oxide), nanoclay sheet (nanocleary leak), or a combination thereof.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the polymer material 22 may include polyimide (polyimide), nylon (nylon), polyaramide (polyaramide), polybenzimidazole (polybenzimidazole), Polythioether (PES), Polyetherimide (PEI), polyacrylonitrile (polyacrylonitrile), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (polypropylene), Polyethyleneimine (PEI), polyaniline (polyaniline), polyethylene oxide (polyethylene oxide), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), styrene butadiene rubber (styrene butadiene rubber, SBR), polystyrene (polystyrene), polyvinyl chloride (polyvinyl chloride), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl alcohol (polyvinyl chloride), polyvinyl chloride (PVDF), or a copolymer thereof.

According to the disclosed embodiment, the number average molecular weight of the polymer material 22 is not particularly limited, and may be 5,000 to 1,000,000, for example, about 5,000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000, 500,000, 800,000, or 1,000,000.

According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the weight ratio of inorganic nanomaterials 24 to polymeric materials 22 in first composite film 20 may be 1: 10 to 2: 1, such as 1: 10, 1: 8, 1: 5, 1: 3, 1: 2, 1: 1, or 2: 1. According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, if the weight ratio of the inorganic nanomaterial to the polymer material is too low, the soundproof effect of the soundproof member is reduced.

According to the embodiment of the disclosure, when the first composite film 20 is a film layer composed of a mixture of a polymer material 22 and an inorganic nanomaterial 24, the weight ratio of the inorganic nanomaterial 24 to the polymer material 22 may be 1: 10 to 1: 1 (e.g., 1: 10, 1: 8, 1: 5, 1: 3, 1: 2, or 1: 1). If the weight ratio of the inorganic nanomaterial to the polymer material is too low, the soundproof effect of the soundproof member is reduced. If the weight ratio of the inorganic nano-material to the polymer material is too high, the first composite film 20 may be embrittled. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the weight ratio of the inorganic nanomaterial 24 to the polymeric material 22 may be 1: 5 to 1: 2, such as 1: 5, 1: 4, 1: 3, or 1: 2.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an acoustic baffle member 100 according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 7, the first composite film 20 of the sound insulation member 100 may be a laminate (lamination) including a first layer 26 and a second layer 28. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first layer 26 comprises the inorganic nanomaterial and the second layer 28 comprises the polymeric material.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first layer 26 may be located between the second layer 28 and the structural unit 10, that is, the first composite film 20 is disposed on the lower surface 11 of the structural unit 10 with the first layer 26, as shown in fig. 7. In addition, according to other embodiments of the present disclosure, the second layer 28 may also be located between the first layer 26 and the structural unit 10, i.e., the first composite film 20 and the second layer 28 are disposed on the lower surface 11 of the structural unit 10. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the ratio of the thickness of the first layer 26 to the second layer 28 may be about 1: 10 to 10: 1, such as about 1: 8 to 8: 1, 1: 5 to 5: 1, or 1: 3 to 3: 1. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first layer 26 may be substantially composed of the inorganic nanomaterial and the second layer 28 may be composed of the polymer material. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first layer 26 may include an inorganic nanomaterial and a polymer additive. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the weight percent of the polymer additive is 0.1 wt% to 10 wt%, based on the weight of the first layer 26. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the polymer additive may include polyimide (polyimide), nylon (nylon), polyaramid (polyaramide), polybenzimidazole (polybenzimidazole), Polythioether (PES), polyetherimide (polyetherimide, PEI), polyacrylonitrile (polyacrylonitrile), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (polypropylene), Polyethyleneimine (PEI), polyaniline (polyaniline), polyethylene oxide (polyethylene oxide), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), styrene butadiene rubber (styrene butadiene rubber, SBR), polystyrene (polystyrene), polyvinyl chloride (polyvinyl chloride), polyvinyl chloride (PVA), polyvinyl chloride (PVDF), polybutylene carbonate (polyvinyl chloride), or a copolymer thereof.

The second layer 28 of polymeric material may have micro-voids, or have a foamed structure, according to embodiments of the present disclosure. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first compound membrane 20 of the sound barrier member 100 may be formed of the first layer 26 and the second layer 28.

Fig. 8 is a perspective schematic view of a sound barrier member 100 according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 8, the sound insulation member 100 further includes a second composite film 30 disposed on the upper surface 13 of the structural unit 10 in addition to the first composite film 20. The second composite film 30 includes a polymer material and an inorganic nano-material, wherein the polymer material and the inorganic nano-material are defined as above. In addition, according to the disclosed embodiment, the second composite film 30 is defined the same as the first composite film 20.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the second composite film 30 may be the same as that of the first composite film 20. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second complex film 30 may have the same size as the first complex film 20. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second composite film 30 is the same as the first composite film 20, i.e., is prepared from the same material through the same steps. In addition, according to other embodiments of the present disclosure, the material or size of the second composite film 30 may also be different from that of the first composite film 20.

According to the disclosed embodiment, the second composite film 30 is in direct contact with the upper surface 13 of the structural unit 10. In other words, there is no film layer or medium between the second composite film 30 and the structural unit 10. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second composite film 30 and the structural unit 10 may be bonded by an adhesive (not shown). According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the binder may be selected according to the materials of the structural unit and the second composite film, and is not particularly limited as long as the binder can bind the second composite film and the structural unit. For example, the adhesive may include a polyvinyl acetate-based adhesive, a natural polymer-based adhesive, a vinyl-based adhesive, a polyester-based adhesive, a polyamide resin-based adhesive, or an epoxy resin-based adhesive.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the baffle member 100 of fig. 8 taken along line 9-9'. Referring to fig. 9, the second composite film 30 has a thickness T3 of about 10 μm to 1mm (e.g., between 10 μm and 500 μm, or between 10 μm and 300 μm). For example, the thickness T3 of the second composite film 30 may be about 10 μm, 20 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 500 μm, or 1 mm. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thickness T3 of the second composite film 30 may be the same as the thickness T2 of the first composite film 20. Furthermore, according to other embodiments of the present disclosure, the thickness T3 of the second composite film 30 may also be different from the thickness T2 of the first composite film 20.

Referring to fig. 8, the second composite film 30 can seal one end of the through hole 15 on the upper surface 13 of the structural unit 10 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second composite film 30 may be a film layer composed of a mixture of a polymer material and an inorganic nano material. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, since the inorganic nanomaterial used in the present disclosure is a one-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial, a two-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial, or a combination thereof, the inorganic nanomaterial may constitute a micro-cavity within the second composite film.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second composite film 30 may have the first micro-cavities 21 (defined above), and the ratio (V1/V) of the total volume V1 of all the first micro-cavities 21 in the second composite film 30 to the volume V of the second composite film is between 0.03 and 0.6. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second composite film 30 may have the second micro-cavities 23 (defined above), and a ratio (V2/V) of a total volume V2 of all the second micro-cavities 23 in the second composite film 30 to a volume V of the second composite film is less than 0.05. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second composite film 30 may have a porosity (porosity), wherein the porosity is 10% to 40%, for example, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, or 40%. In the present disclosure, porosity refers to the percentage of the volume of the second composite film 30 occupied by all kinds of micro-cavities (i.e., including the first micro-cavities 21 and the second micro-cavities 23).

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of an acoustic baffle member 100 according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 10, the second composite film 30 of the sound insulating member 100 may also be a laminate (lamination) including a third layer 36 and a fourth layer 38 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the third layer 36 comprises the inorganic nanomaterial and the fourth layer 38 comprises the polymeric material. The third layer 36 can be located between the fourth layer 38 and the structural unit 10, that is, the second composite film 30 is disposed on the upper surface 13 of the structural unit 10 with the third layer 36, please refer to fig. 10. Furthermore, according to other embodiments of the present disclosure, the fourth layer 38 may be located between the third layer 36 and the structural unit 10, that is, the second composite film 30 and the fourth layer 38 are disposed on the upper surface 13 of the structural unit 10. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the thickness ratio of the third layer 36 to the fourth layer 38 may be about 1: 10 to 10: 1, such as about 1: 8 to 8: 1, 1: 5 to 5: 1, or 1: 3 to 3: 1. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the second composite membrane 30 of the sound insulating member 100 may be formed of the third layer 36 and the fourth layer 38. According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first composite film and the second composite film may be both films formed of a mixture of a polymer material and an inorganic nano material. In addition, according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first composite film and the second composite film may be a laminate (lamination) composed of a polymer material and an inorganic nanomaterial at the same time. Further, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, one of the first composite film and the second composite film may be a film layer composed of a mixture of a polymer material and an inorganic nano material, and the other may be a laminate (lamination) composed of a polymer material and an inorganic nano material.

In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure more comprehensible, several embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below:

preparation of composite membranes

Preparation example 1:

100 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (sold by Aldrich, number average molecular weight about 180000), 25 parts by weight of graphene sheet (average size 0.6. mu. m x 1.3.3 μm), and 50 parts by weight of solvent (containing N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) in a ratio of DMF to NMP of 1: 1) were mixed to obtain a composition. Then, the composition was poured into a mold, and after a baking process was performed to remove the solvent, the composite film (1) (having a thickness of about 50 μm) was obtained. The obtained composite membrane (1) was observed with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the porosity was calculated to be 3.2%. Fig. 11 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) spectrum showing the composite membrane (1).

Preparation example 2:

preparation example 2 was performed in the same manner as in preparation example 1, except that the amount of the graphene sheets was increased from 25 parts by weight to 50 parts by weight, to obtain a composite film (2) (having a thickness of about 50 μm). The obtained composite membrane (2) was observed with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the porosity was calculated to be 26.3% as shown in fig. 12.

Preparation example 3:

preparation example 3 was performed in the same manner as in preparation example 1, except that the amount of the graphene sheets was increased from 25 parts by weight to 75 parts by weight, to obtain a composite film (3) (having a thickness of about 50 μm). The obtained composite membrane (3) was observed with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the porosity was calculated to be 52.2% as shown in fig. 13.

Preparation example 4:

preparation example 4 was performed in the same manner as in preparation example 1, except that the amount of the graphene sheets was increased from 25 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight, to obtain a composite film (4) (having a thickness of about 50 μm). The obtained composite film (4) was observed with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the result was calculated to be 45.1% as shown in fig. 14.

As can be seen from fig. 11 to 14, when the amount of the graphene sheets is gradually increased from 25 parts by weight to 75 parts by weight, the number of first micro-holes of the resulting composite film is proportional to the amount of the graphene sheets. In addition, when the amount of the graphene sheets is increased from 75 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight, a decrease in the number of first micro-cavities of the resulting composite film is observed.

Preparation example 5:

100 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (having a number average molecular weight of about 80000 sold by first chemical industry), 40 parts by weight of Graphene Oxide (GO) sheets (having an average size of 0.3 μm x 0.6.6 μm), and 110 parts by weight of deionized water (DI water) were mixed to obtain a composition. Then, the composition was poured into a mold, and after a baking process was performed to remove the solvent, the composite film (5) (having a thickness of about 50 μm) was obtained. The obtained composite membrane (5) was observed with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the porosity was calculated to be 38.7% as shown in fig. 15.

Preparation example 6:

preparation example 6 was carried out in the same manner as in preparation example 5, except that the amount of graphene oxide sheets was reduced from 40 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight, to obtain a composite film (6) (having a thickness of about 50 μm). The obtained composite membrane (6) was observed with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the porosity was calculated to be 6.5% as shown in fig. 16.

Preparation example 7:

100 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (having a number average molecular weight of about 80000 sold by first chemical industry), 40 parts by weight of Graphene Oxide (GO) sheets (having an average size of 0.3 μm x 0.6.6 μm), 5 parts by weight of keramite nanotubes (HNT) (having an average length of about 2 μm and an average diameter of about 0.05 μm sold by Aldrich), and 110 parts by weight of deionized water (DI water) were mixed to obtain a composition. Then, the composition was poured into a mold, and after a baking process was performed to remove the solvent, the composite film (7) (having a thickness of about 50 μm) was obtained.

Preparation example 8:

100 parts by weight of Graphene Oxide (GO) sheets (average size of 0.3 μm x 0.6.6 μm), 0.5 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (sold by first chemical industry, number average molecular weight of about 80000), and 10 parts by weight of deionized water (DI water) were mixed to obtain a composition. Next, a polymer layer (about 100 μm thick, nylon (sold by Futai) was placed in a mold. Next, the above composition is added and placed in the mold. After a baking process to remove the solvent, a graphene oxide layer (about 5 μm thick) may be formed on the polymer layer, and the polymer layer and the graphene oxide layer form a composite membrane (8) (about 100 μm thick).

Preparation example 9:

100 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol (having a number average molecular weight of about 80000 sold by the first chemical company), 30 parts by weight of nanoclay sheet (purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, model 682659), and 110 parts by weight of deionized water (DI water) were mixed to obtain a composition. Then, the composition was poured into a mold and subjected to a baking process to remove the solvent, thereby obtaining a composite film (9) (having a thickness of about 50 μm).

Preparation example 10:

100 parts by weight of Polyethyleneimine (PEI) (sold by Aldrich, number average molecular weight about 25000), 20 parts by weight of graphene oxide sheets (average size of 0.3 μm x 0.6 μm), and 100 ml of deionized water (DI water) were mixed to obtain a composition. Then, the composition was poured into a mold and subjected to a baking process to remove the solvent, thereby obtaining a composite film (10) (having a thickness of about 50 μm).

Preparation example 11:

preparation example 11 was performed in the same manner as in preparation example 10, except that the amount of the graphene oxide sheets was increased from 20 parts by weight to 40 parts by weight, to obtain a composite film (11) (having a thickness of about 50 μm).

Preparation example 12:

100 parts by weight of Polyethyleneimine (PEI) (sold by Aldrich, number average molecular weight about 25000), 30 parts by weight of nanoclay sheet (purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, model 682659), and 100 ml of solvent (DI water) were mixed to obtain a composition. Then, the composition was poured into a mold, and after a baking process was performed to remove the solvent, the composite film (12) (having a thickness of about 50 μm) was obtained.

Preparation example 13:

100 parts by weight of Polyethyleneimine (PEI) (sold by Aldrich, number average molecular weight about 25000), 10 parts by weight of a palygorskite nanotube (average length about 2 μm, diameter about 0.05 μm), and 100 ml of a solvent (DI water) were mixed to obtain a composition. Then, the composition was poured into a mold and subjected to a baking process to remove the solvent, thereby obtaining a composite film (13) (having a thickness of about 50 μm).

Sound insulation member

Example 1:

a structural unit (made of polylactic acid, with a circular horizontal section, a surface area of 23.4cm2 and a thickness of about 3mm) is provided, wherein the structural unit is provided with a plurality of through holes (the horizontal section of each through hole is quadrilateral, the area of the horizontal section of each through hole is the same, and the through holes are arranged in an array manner), and the number of the through holes per unit area of the structural unit is 4.32 holes/cm 2. Subsequently, the composite film (5) obtained in preparation example 5 was slit to obtain a circular composite film (5) having a surface area of 23.4cm 2. Next, the cut composite film (5) was disposed on the lower surface of the structural unit and was in direct contact with the lower surface of the structural unit (i.e., one end of all the through holes on the lower surface was sealed), to obtain the sound insulating member (1).

Next, the sound-transmitting loss (STL) at different frequencies was measured for the sound-insulating member (1) in accordance with ASTM E2611-09 (standard test method for measuring the vertical incidence transmission of acoustic materials based on the transmission matrix method, standard test method for measuring the transmission of acoustic materials at normal incidence on the basis of the transmission matrix method) and the results are shown in Table 1.

Example 2:

a structural unit (made of polylactic acid, with a circular horizontal section, a surface area of 23.4cm2 and a thickness of about 3mm) is provided, wherein the structural unit is provided with a plurality of through holes (the horizontal section of each through hole is quadrilateral, the area of the horizontal section of each through hole is the same, and the through holes are arranged in an array manner), and the number of the through holes per unit area of the structural unit is 4.32 holes/cm 2. Subsequently, the composite film (5) obtained in preparation example 5 was slit to obtain a circular composite film (5) having a surface area of 23.4cm 2. Then, two cut composite films (5) are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the structural unit, so that each composite film (5) is respectively in direct contact with the upper surface or the lower surface of the structural unit (namely, the composite film (5) arranged on the upper surface of the structural unit seals one end of the structural unit, which is located on the upper surface, and the composite film (5) arranged on the lower surface of the structural unit seals one end of the structural unit, which is located on the lower surface), and the sound insulation member (2) is obtained. Subsequently, the sound transmission loss was measured at different frequencies for the sound-insulating member (2) in accordance with ASTM E2611-09, and the results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1

As can be seen from table 1, the sound insulating member according to the present disclosure has good sound insulating effects against low-frequency sounds and high-frequency sounds. Further, compared to the sound insulating member (1) having only a single composite film, the sound insulating member (2) having the composite film disposed on both sides of the structural unit increases the sound insulating effect for low frequency sounds by about 1.72 times and increases the sound insulating effect for high frequency sounds by about 1.92 times.

Example 3:

example 3 a sound-insulating member (3) was obtained by following the procedure described in example 2, except that the thickness of the structural unit was increased from 3mm to 6 mm. Next, Sound Transmission Loss (STL) of different frequencies was measured for the sound-insulating member (3) in accordance with ASTM E2611-09, and the results are shown in table 2.

Example 4:

example 4a sound-insulating member (4) was obtained by following the procedure described in example 2, except that the thickness of the structural unit was reduced from 3mm to 2 mm. Next, Sound Transmission Loss (STL) of different frequencies was measured for the sound-insulating member (4) in accordance with ASTM E2611-09, and the results are shown in table 2.

Comparative example 1:

comparative example 1 the procedure of example 2 was followed except that the thickness of the structural unit was reduced from 3mm to 1mm to obtain a sound-insulating member (5). Next, Sound Transmission Loss (STL) of different frequencies was measured for the sound-insulating member (5) in accordance with ASTM E2611-09, and the results are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2

As can be seen from table 2, when the thickness of the structural unit was increased from 3mm to 6mm (i.e., the length of the through-hole was increased from 3mm to 6mm), the resulting sound-insulating member (3) had an increased sound-insulating effect for both low-frequency and high-frequency sounds. When the thickness of the structural unit is gradually reduced from 3mm to 1mm, the resulting sound-insulating member (5) is significantly deteriorated in sound-insulating effect against low-frequency sounds and high-frequency sounds: the sound insulation effect of the sound insulation member (2) (the thickness of the structural unit is 3mm) for low-frequency sound and the sound insulation effect of high-frequency sound are about twice as large as that of the structural unit (5) (the thickness of the structural unit is 1 mm). The sound insulating member (5) (having two composite films disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the structural unit) is inferior in sound insulating effect against low-frequency sound and sound insulating effect against high-frequency sound to the sound insulating member (1) (having only one composite film disposed on the lower surface of the structural unit).

Example 5:

example 5 the procedure of example 3 was followed, except that all of the composite films (5) used were replaced with the composite film (6), to obtain a sound-insulating member (6). Next, Sound Transmission Loss (STL) of different frequencies was measured for the sound-insulating member (6) in accordance with ASTM E2611-09, and the results are shown in table 3.

Comparative example 2:

comparative example 2 the procedure of example 3 was followed except that all of the composite film (5) used was replaced with a polyvinyl alcohol film (circular in shape, 23.4cm2 in surface area, approximately 50 μm in thickness) to give a sound-insulating member (7). The preparation method of the polyvinyl alcohol film comprises the following steps: 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol (sold by first chemical company, number average molecular weight about 80000) and 110 ml of a solvent (DI water) were mixed to obtain a composition. Then, the composition is poured into a mold, and a baking process is carried out to remove the solvent. Next, Sound Transmission Loss (STL) of different frequencies was measured for the sound-insulating member (7) in accordance with ASTM E2611-09, and the results are shown in table 3.

TABLE 3

As can be seen from Table 3, when the content of the graphene oxide sheets and the polyvinyl alcohol in the composite film was reduced from 40: 100 to 20: 100, the sound transmission loss of the resulting sound-insulating member (6) with respect to low-frequency sound was maintained at 43 dB. Furthermore, when the polyvinyl alcohol film is disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the structural unit instead of the composite film, the resulting sound-insulating member (7) has a sound-insulating effect with respect to high-frequency sound reduced to less than half (as compared with the sound-insulating member (3) described in example 3), and has a sound transmission loss with respect to low-frequency sound of even only 6.5 dB.

Example 6:

example 6 a sound-deadening member (8) was obtained as described in example 3, except that the number of through holes per unit area of the structural unit was decreased from 4.32 holes/cm 2 to 0.98 holes/cm 2. Next, Sound Transmission Loss (STL) of different frequencies was measured for the sound-insulating member (8) in accordance with ASTM E2611-09, and the results are shown in table 4.

TABLE 4

As can be seen from table 4, the composite membrane having the same area increases the number of through holes per unit area, thereby improving the sound insulation effect of the sound insulation member.

Example 7:

a structural unit (made of polylactic acid, circular in shape, 23.4cm2 in surface area and about 10mm in thickness) is provided, wherein the structural unit is provided with a plurality of through holes (the horizontal cross section of each through hole is quadrilateral, the horizontal cross section of each through hole is the same in area, the through holes are arranged in an array mode), and the number of the through holes per unit area of the structural unit is 4.32 holes/cm 2. Subsequently, the composite film (7) obtained in preparation example 7 was slit to obtain a circular composite film (7) having a surface area of 23.4cm 2. Then, two cut composite films (7) are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the structural unit, so that each composite film (7) is respectively in direct contact with the upper surface or the lower surface of the structural unit (namely, the composite film (7) arranged on the upper surface of the structural unit seals one end of all through holes of the structural unit, which are positioned on the upper surface, and the composite film (7) arranged on the lower surface of the structural unit seals one end of all through holes of the structural unit, which are positioned on the lower surface), and the sound insulation member (9) is obtained. Next, the sound transmission loss was measured at different frequencies for the sound-insulating member (9) in accordance with ASTM E2611-09, and the results are shown in Table 5.

Example 8:

a structural unit (made of aluminum, in a circular shape, with a surface area of 23.4cm2 and a thickness of about 10mm) is provided, wherein the structural unit has a plurality of through holes (the horizontal cross section of each through hole is quadrilateral, the horizontal cross section of each through hole has the same area, and the through holes are arranged in an array manner), and the number of through holes per unit area of the structural unit is 4.32 holes/cm 2. Next, the composite film (8) obtained in preparation example 8 was slit to obtain a circular composite film (8) having a surface area of 23.4cm 2. Then, two cut composite films (8) are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the structural unit, so that each composite film (8) is respectively in direct contact with the upper surface or the lower surface of the structural unit (namely, the composite film (8) arranged on the upper surface of the structural unit seals one end of the structural unit, which is located on the upper surface, and the composite film (8) arranged on the lower surface of the structural unit seals one end of the structural unit, which is located on the lower surface), and the sound insulation member (10) is obtained. Next, the sound transmission loss of the sound-insulating member (10) was measured at different frequencies in accordance with ASTM E2611-09, and the results are shown in Table 5.

TABLE 5

As can be seen from table 5, the composite film containing nanotubes can provide a sound-insulating member having excellent sound-insulating effect. Further, the use of a laminate composed of a polymer layer/graphene oxide layer as the composite film can also provide a sound insulating member with good sound insulating effect.

Example 9:

a structural unit (made of polylactic acid, having a circular horizontal cross section, a surface area of 23.4cm2, and a thickness of about 6mm) was provided. Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the structural unit described in example 9, in which the structural unit 10 has a cross-shaped through-hole 15 (length L of 35mm, width W of 5.2 mm). The cross-shaped through hole divides the structural unit into four areas, a plurality of through holes (13.68mm X4.56 mm) with the same size are arranged in each area, and four circular holes 17 with 2mm are arranged on the wall of the cross-shaped through hole.

Subsequently, the composite film (9) obtained in preparation example 9 was slit to obtain a circular composite film (9) having a surface area of 23.4cm 2. Then, two cut composite films (9) are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the structural unit, so that each composite film (9) is respectively in direct contact with the upper surface or the lower surface of the structural unit (namely, the composite film (9) arranged on the upper surface of the structural unit seals one end of all through holes of the structural unit, which are positioned on the upper surface, and the composite film (9) arranged on the lower surface of the structural unit seals one end of all through holes of the structural unit, which are positioned on the lower surface), and the sound insulation member (11) is obtained. Subsequently, the sound transmission loss of the sound-insulating member (11) was measured at different frequencies in accordance with ASTM E2611-09, and the results are shown in Table 6.

Example 10:

example 10 the procedure of example 9 was followed, except that all of the composite films (9) used were replaced with composite films (11), to obtain a sound-insulating member (12). Next, Sound Transmission Loss (STL) of different frequencies was measured for the sound-insulating member (12) in accordance with ASTM E2611-09, and the results are shown in table 6.

TABLE 6

Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to several embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An acoustic insulating member comprising:

a structural unit, wherein the structural unit has at least one through hole, and the through hole extends along a first direction and penetrates through the structural unit, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the lower surface of the structural unit; and

a first composite film disposed on the lower surface of the structural unit, wherein the first composite film comprises at least one first micro-cavity, wherein the first micro-cavity is located in the first composite film and extends along a second direction, and the second direction is parallel to the lower surface of the structural unit and perpendicular to the first direction, wherein the first micro-cavity has a maximum length L1 in the first direction and a maximum length L2 in the second direction, wherein L1/L2 is 0.01 to 0.5.

2. The sound insulating member according to claim 1, wherein the first composite film comprises a polymer material and an inorganic nanomaterial.

3. The sound-insulating member according to claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of the inorganic nanomaterial to the polymeric material is 1: 10 to 2: 1.

4. An acoustic insulating member comprising:

a structural unit, wherein the structural unit is provided with at least one through hole, and the through hole penetrates through the structural unit; and

a first composite film disposed on the lower surface of the structural unit, wherein the first composite film comprises a polymer material and an inorganic nano-material, and the weight ratio of the inorganic nano-material to the polymer material is 1: 10 to 2: 1.

5. The method of claim 1 or 4Wherein the structural unit has two or more through holes, and the number of through holes per unit area of the structural unit is 0.05 holes/cm²To 10.0 holes/cm²。

6. The soundproofing member according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the thickness of the structural unit is 1.5mm to 20 mm.

7. The sound-insulating member according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the first composite film has a porosity of from 1% to 60%.

8. The soundproofing member according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the thickness of the first composite film is between 10 μm and 1 mm.

9. The sound insulating member according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the polymeric material comprises polyimide, nylon, polyaramid, polybenzimidazole, polythioether, polyetherimide, polyacrylonitrile, polyethyleneimine, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene, polyaniline, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl butylene, polycarbonate, or a combination thereof.

10. The sound insulating member according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the inorganic nanomaterial comprises a one-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial, a two-dimensional inorganic nanomaterial, or a combination thereof.

11. The soundproofing member according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the first composite film is a film layer composed of a mixture of the polymer material and the inorganic nanomaterial.

12. The sound-insulating member according to claim 11, wherein the weight ratio of the inorganic nanomaterial to the polymeric material is 1: 10 to 1: 1.

13. The sound-insulating member according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the first composite film is a laminate comprising a first layer and a second layer, wherein the first layer comprises the inorganic nanomaterial and the second layer comprises the polymer material.

14. The sound-insulating member according to claim 13, wherein the ratio of the thickness of the first layer to the second layer is 1: 10 to 10: 1.

15. The sound insulating member according to claim 13, wherein the first layer further comprises a polymer additive in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 10 wt%, based on the weight of the first layer.

16. The sound-insulating member according to claim 1 or 4, further comprising a second composite film disposed on the upper surface of the structural unit, wherein the second composite film comprises a polymer material and an inorganic nanomaterial.

17. The sound-insulating member according to claim 4, wherein the through-hole of the structural unit extends in a first direction perpendicular to the lower surface of the structural unit and penetrates the structural unit, the first composite film comprising at least one first micro-cavity, wherein the first micro-cavity is located within the first composite film and extends in a second direction parallel to the lower surface of the structural unit and perpendicular to the first direction, wherein the first micro-cavity has a maximum length L1 in the first direction and a maximum length L2 in the second direction, wherein L1/L2 is 0.01 to 0.5.

18. The sound-insulating member according to claim 1 or 17, wherein all the first micro-cavities of the first composite film have a volume V1, and the first composite film has a volume V, wherein V1/V is 0.03 to 0.6.

19. The sound-insulating member according to claim 1 or 17, wherein the first composite film further comprises at least one second micro-cavity, wherein the second micro-cavity has a maximum length L3 in the first direction and the second micro-cavity has a maximum length L4 in the second direction, wherein L3/L4 is greater than 0.5, all the second micro-cavities of the first composite film have a volume V2, and the first composite film has a volume V, wherein V2/V is less than 0.05.