CN112924451A - Debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112924451A CN112924451A CN202110120626.6A CN202110120626A CN112924451A CN 112924451 A CN112924451 A CN 112924451A CN 202110120626 A CN202110120626 A CN 202110120626A CN 112924451 A CN112924451 A CN 112924451A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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- G01N2021/8405—Application to two-phase or mixed materials, e.g. gas dissolved in liquids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
- G01N2021/8592—Grain or other flowing solid samples
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation monitoring device and a method for a debris flow accumulation range, wherein the simulation monitoring device comprises the following steps: the device comprises a rainfall simulation device, a source box, a circulation groove, a source supply device, a support column, an accumulation body collecting device, a blocking device, an earthquake simulation device and a monitoring device; the debris flow monitoring device comprises a debris flow box, a debris flow storage device, a debris flow source supplying device, a blocking device, an earthquake simulation device, a monitoring device, a debris flow starting device, a debris flow collection device and a blocking device. The invention has the characteristics of high simulation, multiple purposes and the like, and has important significance by simultaneously considering the influence of the slope shape on the movement process of the debris flow and the material source supply caused by the erosion action in the movement process of the debris flow.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device, and relates to the field of geotechnical engineering testing.
Background
Geological disasters are important factors that must be considered before human beings can perform engineering activities. As a common geological disaster, the debris flow has the characteristics of strong burst property, high flow speed, high destructiveness and the like. When the debris flow is evaluated and treated, the motion characteristics of the debris flow are required to be accurately analyzed and simulated. Two common simulation approaches today include numerical simulation and physical simulation. The numerical simulation can be free from the limitation of experimental conditions and can perform efficient calculation, but when important and complex engineering facility construction is performed, physical simulation is often required to perform comprehensive analysis and cross validation.
The destructive power of the debris flow is determined by the amount of the source and the terrain conditions. In terms of the amount of the source, on the one hand, the existing simulation devices mostly adopt a single source of the formation area, so that the strong erosion action in the movement process of the debris flow is neglected, and the erosion action is one of the main sources of the debris flow source. On the other hand, the debris flow mostly develops in areas with strong construction activities, the earthquake action is not only a cause of the debris flow, but also provides abundant solid matter sources for the formation of the debris flow, and the influence of the earthquake action is generally ignored by the existing debris flow physical simulation experiment device. In terms of terrain, the flow area in the existing simulation device has only a single angle, the slope body in the nature is usually up and down, the change of the slope shape directly influences the motion characteristics of the debris flow, and therefore the simplified slope shape can cause the simulation result to have great deviation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides a debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device comprises: the device comprises a circulation groove, a stacking body collecting device and a source box for placing a material simulating debris flow, wherein the circulation groove, the stacking body collecting device and the source box are arranged on a workbench; the outlet of the source box is connected with the circulation groove, the outlet of the lower end of the circulation groove is connected with the inlet of the accumulation body collecting device, and the device also comprises: the device comprises a rainfall simulation device, a blocking device and a material source supply device, wherein the rainfall simulation device is arranged above a material source box and used for simulating rainfall for the whole device, the material source supply device is arranged above a circulation groove and used for supplying a debris flow simulation material source in the debris flow flowing process, and the blocking device is arranged in a stacking body collecting device and used for simulating blocking of the debris flow in the debris flow flowing process.
Furthermore, the rainfall simulation device comprises a water supply pipe, a plurality of spray heads, a flowmeter and a sluice; the shower nozzle connect in the delivery pipe to set up in thing source case top, flowmeter and sluice are connected on the delivery pipe, cooperate the adjustment sluice through the reading of flowmeter, control rainfall intensity and rainfall.
Further, the flow-through groove comprises: the circulation unit bodies are sequentially hinged to form a circulation groove, each circulation unit body comprises side baffles and a circulation plate, the side baffles are arranged on two sides of the circulation plate, and the circulation groove is hinged to the source box.
Furthermore, the lower parts of the circulation groove and the source box are connected with the workbench through support columns in different sizes, the support columns are detachably connected with the circulation groove and the source box, and the support columns in different sizes can simulate terrains with different slopes.
Further, the source supply device comprises: the device comprises a supply tank, a drawing plate and a support, wherein the supply tank is fixed above the circulation groove through the support, and the drawing plate is arranged at the bottom of the supply tank.
Furthermore, the blocking device comprises a plurality of blocking plates, and the blocking plates are fixed on the simulation positions in the accumulation body collecting device through glass cement.
Further, a monitoring device is arranged on one side of the accumulation body collecting device, and the monitoring device comprises: the device comprises an industrial camera, a camera support, a speed sensor, a pressure sensor, an impact force sensor and a displacement sensor, wherein the industrial camera is placed on one side of a stacking body collecting device through the camera support and clearly records the whole process of starting, circulating and stacking of the debris flow;
the speed sensor and the pressure sensor are alternately arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the accumulation body collecting device, so that the speed change characteristic of the whole movement process of the debris flow and the density characteristic of the debris flow accumulation can be recorded, and the density characteristic of the debris flow accumulation can be obtained according to a pressure formula p = gamma h;
and on the impact force sensor and the displacement sensor blocking device, the impact force sensor is arranged on the front surface of the blocking plate to record the impact force of the accumulation in the impact process, and the displacement sensor is arranged on the side surface of the blocking plate to record the horizontal displacement of the blocking plate. The obtained impact force and displacement characteristics can provide important reference for designing the debris flow retaining dam.
Further, a seismic simulation device is arranged below the workbench, and the seismic simulation device comprises: the vibration table can be used for simulating different seismic waves by adjusting parameters such as vibration amplitude, vibration frequency and vibration time.
Furthermore, the side surface of the source box is made of transparent materials, and the side surface of the accumulation body collecting device is made of transparent materials, so that observation is facilitated.
A debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring method comprises the steps of assembling a rainfall simulation device, a material source box, a circulation groove, a material source supply device, an accumulation collecting device, a blocking device, a monitoring device and an earthquake simulation device;
filling corresponding source amount into the source box and the source supply device respectively;
opening a rainfall simulation device, a monitoring device and an earthquake simulation device, and rapidly pumping out a pull plate of a source supply device when the simulated debris flow flows to a specified area to supply the debris flow with a source;
and stopping the simulation after the accumulation area is stable for a period of time, and analyzing and counting the final result.
Further, a rainfall scheme of the rainfall simulation device is formulated according to the rainfall and the rainfall intensity of the area to be tested; according to the slope shape and the slope height, the height of the source box and the number of the circulation unit bodies and the respective connection angles are set; determining the position of a material source supply device and the amount of a supply material source according to the influence of erosion; determining the amplitude and frequency parameters of the earthquake simulation device according to the earthquake condition of the area to be tested; and configuring similar materials of the object source of the area to be detected according to a similar theory.
Has the advantages that: (1) the geometric dimension of the device and the determination of the source material are both based on similar theories, and the device is suitable for multi-scale and complex research areas.
(2) The method comprehensively considers two induction factors of rainfall and earthquake, is suitable for the frequently earthquake research area, and has good indication effect on predicting the development and disaster of debris flow.
(3) The circulation groove of the debris flow simulated by the invention is composed of a plurality of modularized circulation unit bodies, and the slope shape of a research area can be really restored by changing the number and the angle of the circulation unit bodies, so that the test environment is closer to the reality, and the accuracy of a simulation result is favorably improved.
(4) The invention considers the source supply caused by the erosion effect of the debris flow and can better reduce the source amount actually participating in the debris flow process.
(5) The invention has good economical efficiency, and each part can be repeatedly utilized to carry out repeated experiments, thereby being convenient for popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rainfall simulation apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a source housing of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a flow cell body according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a source supply apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the accumulation collecting device and the retaining device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a stack collection apparatus sensor arrangement according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the sensor arrangement of the retaining device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a seismic modeling apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of an industrial camera according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
One embodiment is shown in FIGS. 1-10: a debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device comprises: the device comprises a circulation groove, a stacking body collecting device and a source box for placing a material simulating debris flow, wherein the circulation groove, the stacking body collecting device and the source box are arranged on a workbench; the outlet of the source box is connected with the circulation groove, the outlet of the lower end of the circulation groove is connected with the inlet of the accumulation body collecting device, and the device also comprises: the device comprises a rainfall simulation device, a blocking device and a material source supply device, wherein the rainfall simulation device is arranged above a material source box and used for simulating rainfall for the whole device, the material source supply device is arranged above a circulation groove and used for supplying a debris flow simulation material source in the debris flow flowing process, and the blocking device is arranged in a stacking body collecting device and used for simulating blocking of the debris flow in the debris flow flowing process.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the rainfall simulation device comprises a water supply pipe, a plurality of spray heads, a flow meter and a sluice; the shower nozzle connect in the delivery pipe to set up in thing source case top, flowmeter and sluice are connected on the delivery pipe, cooperate the adjustment sluice through the reading of flowmeter, control rainfall intensity and rainfall.
The circulation tank comprises: the circulation unit bodies are sequentially hinged to form a circulation groove, each circulation unit body comprises side baffles and a circulation plate, the side baffles are arranged on two sides of the circulation plate, and the circulation groove is hinged to the source box.
And support columns with different sizes are fixedly connected with the workbench below the circulation groove and the source box.
As shown in fig. 5, the source supply device includes: the device comprises a supply tank, a drawing plate and a support, wherein the supply tank is fixed above the circulation groove through the support, and the drawing plate is arranged at the bottom of the supply tank.
As shown in fig. 6, the retaining device comprises a plurality of retaining plates fixed in a simulated position in the stack collection device by means of glass cement.
As shown in fig. 7 to 10, a monitoring device is provided on one side of the accumulation body collecting device, and the monitoring device includes: the device comprises an industrial camera, a camera support, a speed sensor, a pressure sensor, an impact force sensor and a displacement sensor, wherein the industrial camera is placed on one side of a stacking body collecting device through the camera support and clearly records the whole process of starting, circulating and stacking of the debris flow;
the speed sensor and the pressure sensor are alternately arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the accumulation body collecting device, and can record the speed change characteristic of the whole movement process of the debris flow and the density characteristic of debris flow accumulation;
on the impact force sensor and the displacement sensor blocking device, impact force and displacement characteristics can provide important references for debris flow blocking dam design.
The below of workstation set up seismic simulation device, seismic simulation device include: and the vibration table is used for simulating earthquake.
The side surface of the object source box is made of transparent materials, and the side surface of the accumulation body collecting device is made of transparent materials.
A debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring method comprises the steps of assembling a rainfall simulation device, a material source box, a circulation groove, a material source supply device, an accumulation collecting device, a blocking device, a monitoring device and an earthquake simulation device;
filling corresponding source amount into the source box and the source supply device respectively;
opening a rainfall simulation device, a monitoring device and an earthquake simulation device, and rapidly pumping out a pull plate of a source supply device when the simulated debris flow flows to a specified area to supply the debris flow with a source;
and stopping the simulation after the accumulation area is stable for a period of time, and analyzing and counting the final result.
Further, a rainfall scheme of the rainfall simulation device is formulated according to the rainfall and the rainfall intensity of the area to be tested; according to the slope shape and the slope height, the height of the source box and the number of the circulation unit bodies and the respective connection angles are set; determining the position of a material source supply device and the amount of a supply material source according to the influence of erosion; determining the amplitude and frequency parameters of the earthquake simulation device according to the earthquake condition of the area to be tested; and configuring similar materials of the object source of the area to be detected according to a similar theory.
The geometric dimension of the device and the determination of the source material are both based on similar theories, and the device is suitable for multi-scale and complex research areas.
The invention comprehensively considers two induction factors of rainfall and earthquake, and is suitable for the frequent earthquake research area.
The circulation groove of the debris flow simulated by the invention is composed of a plurality of modularized circulation unit bodies, the slope shape of a research area can be really restored by changing the number and the angle of the circulation unit bodies, and the accuracy of a simulation result is favorably improved.
The invention considers the source supply caused by the erosion effect of the debris flow and can better reduce the source amount actually participating in the debris flow process.
The invention has good economical efficiency, and each part can be repeatedly utilized to carry out repeated experiments, thereby being convenient for popularization.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device comprises: the device comprises a circulation groove, a stacking body collecting device and a source box for placing a material simulating debris flow, wherein the circulation groove, the stacking body collecting device and the source box are arranged on a workbench; the outlet of the source box is connected with the circulation groove, and the outlet at the lower end of the circulation groove is connected with the inlet of the accumulation body collecting device, and the device is characterized by further comprising: the device comprises a rainfall simulation device, a blocking device and a material source supply device, wherein the rainfall simulation device is arranged above a material source box and used for simulating rainfall for the whole device, the material source supply device is arranged above a circulation groove and used for supplying a debris flow simulation material source in the debris flow flowing process, and the blocking device is arranged in a stacking body collecting device and used for simulating blocking of the debris flow in the debris flow flowing process.
2. The debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rainfall simulation device comprises a water supply pipe, a plurality of spray heads, a flow meter and a water gate; the shower nozzle connect in the delivery pipe to set up in thing source case top, flowmeter and sluice are connected on the delivery pipe, cooperate the adjustment sluice through the reading of flowmeter, control rainfall intensity and rainfall.
3. The debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the flow channel comprises: the circulation unit bodies are sequentially hinged to form a circulation groove, each circulation unit body comprises side baffles and a circulation plate, the side baffles are arranged on two sides of the circulation plate, and the circulation groove is hinged to the source box.
4. The debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein support columns with different sizes are arranged below the circulation tank and the source box and connected with the workbench.
5. The debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the source supply device comprises: the device comprises a supply tank, a drawing plate and a support, wherein the supply tank is fixed above the circulation groove through the support, and the drawing plate is arranged at the bottom of the supply tank.
6. The debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the retaining means comprises a plurality of retaining plates fixed at simulated positions in the accumulation collecting means by glass cement.
7. The debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a monitoring device is arranged on one side of the accumulation body collecting device, and the monitoring device comprises: the industrial camera is placed on one side of the accumulation body collecting device through the camera support, the speed sensor and the pressure sensor are alternately arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the accumulation body collecting device, and the impact force sensor and the displacement sensor are arranged on the blocking device.
8. The debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein a seismic simulation device is arranged below the workbench, and the seismic simulation device comprises: and the vibration table is used for simulating earthquake.
9. The debris flow accumulation range simulation monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side surface of the source box is made of a transparent material, and the side surface of the accumulation body collecting device is made of a transparent material.
10. A simulation monitoring method for debris flow accumulation range is characterized in that,
assembling a rainfall simulation device, a source box, a circulation groove, a source supply device, a deposit collection device, a blocking device, a monitoring device and an earthquake simulation device;
filling corresponding source amount into the source box and the source supply device respectively;
opening a rainfall simulation device, a monitoring device and an earthquake simulation device, and rapidly pumping out a pull plate of a source supply device when the simulated debris flow flows to a specified area to supply the debris flow with a source;
and stopping the simulation after the accumulation area is stable for a period of time, and analyzing and counting the final result.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113657048A (en) * | 2021-08-15 | 2021-11-16 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Debris flow rainfall confluence water source supply measuring and calculating method, debris flow dynamic process numerical simulation method and application |
| CN114754736A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-15 | 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所 | Multidimensional full-scale high-position landslide motion intelligent simulation system and method |
| CN115472072A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-12-13 | 湖北工业大学 | Device for simulating multiple geological disaster effects of embankment model |
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| CN105699628A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-06-22 | 吉林大学 | Simulation test system integrating start, migration and accumulation of debris flow |
| CN106841573A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-06-13 | 中铁西北科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of debris flows simulation experimental rig and test method |
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2021
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| CN202929032U (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2013-05-08 | 昆明理工大学 | Indoor stacking model test device for discrete materials |
| CN105222988A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-06 | 吉林大学 | A kind of mud-rock flow movement and banking process experimental system for simulating |
| CN105699628A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-06-22 | 吉林大学 | Simulation test system integrating start, migration and accumulation of debris flow |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113657048A (en) * | 2021-08-15 | 2021-11-16 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Debris flow rainfall confluence water source supply measuring and calculating method, debris flow dynamic process numerical simulation method and application |
| CN113657048B (en) * | 2021-08-15 | 2023-05-09 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Debris flow rainfall converging water source replenishment measuring and calculating method, debris flow dynamic process numerical simulation method and application |
| CN114754736A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-15 | 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所 | Multidimensional full-scale high-position landslide motion intelligent simulation system and method |
| CN114754736B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-11-22 | 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所 | Multidimensional full-scale high-position landslide motion intelligent simulation system and method |
| CN115472072A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-12-13 | 湖北工业大学 | Device for simulating multiple geological disaster effects of embankment model |
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