CN216051308U - Multi-dimension-multi-physical-field fractured loess subsurface corrosion mechanism physical model experiment device - Google Patents
Multi-dimension-multi-physical-field fractured loess subsurface corrosion mechanism physical model experiment device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A physical model experiment device for a multidimensional-multi-physical field fractured loess subsurface corrosion mechanism comprises a data and image acquisition system, a test system and a water supply system, wherein the water supply system is used for injecting water into the test system, the test system is used for changing the thickness and the fracture opening of a soil body model according to the experiment design, and the data and image acquisition system is used for acquiring, observing and recording test process data; models with two-dimensional, three-dimensional and other different spatial dimensions can be piled up through the thickness of the models in the test system, and the purpose of revealing the loess subsurface corrosion mechanism conforming to the actual three-dimensional dimension crack is achieved by increasing the thickness of the models on the basis of the two-dimensional dimension; the change rules of a plurality of physical fields such as a moisture field, a stress field, a seepage field and the like in the process of the fractured loess undermining can be monitored by embedding corresponding sensors; through the grid lines and the camera on the model box, the whole process of the loess submerged etching of the crack can be recorded in the whole process, and the defect that the submerged etching process cannot be observed in the previous model experiment is overcome; the operation is convenient, the durability and the reliability are realized, and the method is particularly suitable for physical simulation of the fractured loess corrosion mechanism.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of geological disaster experiments, in particular to a multi-dimensional-multi-physical-field fractured loess subsurface corrosion physical model experiment device.
Background
Loess is eroded by infiltration, which means that the loess is eroded by infiltration, washed, eroded, infiltrated, collapsed and disintegrated after the surface runoff permeates into the loess along loess large pores, joint cracks and the like. The main control factors of loess corrosion are various and comprise three categories of soil body properties, seepage channels and hydrodynamic conditions; the formation mechanism is extremely complex, including types such as hydraulic erosion, gravity erosion and composite erosion of the two, and the research on the formation mechanism is still in the starting stage at present. In addition, limited by the observation means of the internal corrosion process of the soil body at present, the research on the occurrence process of the corrosion and the geological pattern of the corrosion is almost blank. In the past, when a loess subsurface physical model test is carried out, the conditions of sudden surge, flowing soil and the like are mainly considered, and the experimental variables comprise: the physical model tests simulate the formation of loess potential erosion from different factors. But all have a disadvantage that the loess submerging process cannot be directly observed. Loess undermining is an erosion process in soil body below the ground, and the visual observation of the loess undermining process is a bottleneck problem in the research of loess undermining mechanism. The accuracy of the current geophysical exploration technology is limited, real-time observation on multiple physical fields in the process of corrosion can not be well carried out, and the existing geophysical exploration technology is high in price and high in economic cost.
The experimental method of the physical model of the fractured loess subsurface corrosion is less, the considered influence factors are limited only in the aspect of the soil property, and at present, no physical model experimental device which is convenient to operate, considers three main control factors of the soil property, the channel and the hydrodynamic force condition, can monitor the changes of a moisture field, a stress field and a seepage field in the soil body in the subsurface corrosion process and can observe the loess subsurface corrosion process in real time exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a multi-dimensional-multi-physical-field fractured loess subsurface physical model experiment device, namely based on a beehive principle, the experiment device considering spatial two-dimensional and three-dimensional multi-dimensional is provided, the thickness of a soil body model is changed by changing the position of a spacing plate, different fracture openings are simulated by changing the thickness of a prefabricated fracture baffle plate, the size of flow rate of subsurface water flow is controlled by controlling an electromagnetic flowmeter and a valve, and meanwhile, a multi-physical quantity sensor is buried in the model to monitor the change rule of the stress field of the soil body, the seepage field of a slope body and the infiltration rule of surface water flow in the subsurface corrosion process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
a physical model experiment device for a multidimensional-multi-physical field fractured loess subsurface corrosion mechanism comprises a data and image acquisition system A, a test system B and a water supply system C, wherein the water supply system C injects water into the test system B, the test system B changes the thickness and the fracture opening of a soil body model according to the experiment design, and the data and image acquisition system A acquires, observes and records the data of the test process.
The water supply system C comprises a water supply barrel 12, a water pump 13 is arranged at the bottom of the water supply barrel 12, a water outlet of the water pump 13 is connected with a water inlet end of a water supply pipe 8, and the water supply pipe 8 is sequentially communicated with a valve 11 and a flowmeter 10 and is communicated with a water inlet hole in the middle of the top of the test system B.
The test system B comprises a model box 3, a plurality of bottom plate clamping grooves 18 are formed in the inner wall of a bottom plate 16 of the model box 3, a plurality of side plate clamping grooves 24 matched with the bottom plate clamping grooves 18 are formed in the inner walls of two sides of the model box 3, a thickness partition plate 22 can be movably connected between the bottom plate clamping grooves 18 and the side plate clamping grooves 24, prefabricated plates 23 are arranged between the thickness partition plate 22 and the inner wall of the model box 3 and perpendicular to the thickness partition plate 22 and the inner wall of the model box 3, a water outlet 17 is formed in the middle of the bottom plate 16 of the model box 3, the water outlet 17 is communicated with a water drainage groove 15 arranged below the bottom plate 16, and a silt pool 5 is arranged below a water drainage groove 15.
The data and image acquisition system A comprises a plurality of physical field sensors, the physical field sensors penetrate through wire outlet holes 19 formed in the side wall of the model box 3 through data lines to be connected with the data input end of the data acquisition instrument 2, and the data output end of the data acquisition instrument 2 is connected with the data input end of the computer 1; the data and image acquisition system A further comprises a camera 9 arranged right in front of the model box 3, and the camera 9 transmits the shot image data to the computer 1 for analysis and processing.
The bottom plate slots 18 are arranged at equal intervals with the side plate slots 24.
The height of the precast slab 23 is more than or equal to that of the thickness partition plate 22; the precast slabs 23 are arranged with different widths according to the distance between the thickness partition slab 22 and the inner wall of the model box 3; the precast slabs 23 are set to have different thicknesses according to experimental design and are used for making the cracks 4 with different opening degrees.
The multi-physical-field sensor comprises a plurality of pore pressure sensors 21, a soil pressure sensor 7 and a moisture sensor 6 which are sequentially installed from the bottom of the model box 3 to the top in a layered mode.
The mold box 3, the thickness partition plate 22 and the precast slab 23 are all made of transparent materials.
A square grid line 20 is drawn on the panel right in front of the model box 3.
The side length of the grid line 20 is 0.1-10 cm.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the thickness of the model is changed by inserting the thickness partition plate 22 into different bottom plate clamping grooves 18 and side plate clamping grooves 24 matched with the bottom plate clamping grooves, the thickness of the model is approximate to two dimensions when the thickness is minimum, the thickness is the true three dimensions when the thickness is maximum, and the models with different space dimensions such as two dimensions, three dimensions and the like are piled up, so that the complicated loess subsurface erosion three-dimensional process can be simplified into a two-dimensional model, and on the basis of the clear two-dimensional dimensions, the purpose of revealing the loess subsurface erosion mechanism conforming to the actual three-dimensional dimension crack can be realized by increasing the thickness of the model; by embedding corresponding sensors, the change rules of a plurality of physical fields such as a moisture field, a stress field, a seepage field and the like in the process of the fractured loess submerging can be monitored; by drawing grids right in front of the model box 3 and erecting the camera 9, the whole process of fissure loess submerged corrosion can be recorded in the whole process, and the biggest defect that the submerged corrosion process cannot be observed in the previous model experiment is overcome. The model experiment device is convenient to operate, durable and reliable, and is particularly suitable for physical simulation of the fractured loess corrosion mechanism.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a mold box 3 according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of mold box 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of bottom plate 16 of mold box 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a side view of mold box 3 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a computer; 2. a data acquisition instrument; 3. a model box; 4. cracking; 5. a silt pool; 6. a moisture sensor; 7. a soil pressure sensor; 8. a water supply pipe; 9. a camera; 10. a flow meter; 11. a valve; 12. a water supply tank; 13. a water pump; 14. a sensor connecting wire; 15. a water discharge tank; 16. a base plate; 17. a water outlet hole; 18. a bottom plate clamping groove; 19. a wire outlet hole; 20. grid lines; 21. a pore pressure sensor; 22. a thickness partition plate; 23. prefabricating a slab; 24. side plate clamping grooves.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the physical model experiment device for the multi-dimensional-multi-physical-field fractured loess subsurface corrosion mechanism comprises a data and image acquisition system A, a test system B and a water supply system C, wherein the water supply system C injects water into the test system B, the test system B changes the thickness and the fracture opening of a soil body model according to the experimental design, and the data and image acquisition system A acquires, observes and records the data of the test process.
The water supply system C comprises a water supply barrel 12, a water pump 13 is arranged at the bottom of the water supply barrel 12, a water outlet of the water pump 13 is connected with a water inlet end of a water supply pipe 8, and the water supply pipe 8 is sequentially communicated with a valve 11 and a flowmeter 10 and is communicated with a water inlet hole in the middle of the top of the test system B.
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, the test system B includes a model box 3, a plurality of bottom plate clamping grooves 18 are formed in the inner wall of a bottom plate 16 of the model box 3, a plurality of side plate clamping grooves 24 matched with the bottom plate clamping grooves 18 are formed in the inner walls of two sides of the model box 3, a thickness partition plate 22 is movably connected between the bottom plate clamping grooves 18 and the side plate clamping grooves 24, a prefabricated plate 23 is arranged between the thickness partition plate 22 and the inner wall of the model box 3 and perpendicular to the thickness partition plate 22 and the inner wall of the model box 3, a water outlet hole 17 is formed in the middle of the bottom plate 16 of the model box 3, the water outlet hole 17 is communicated with a water discharge groove 15 arranged below the bottom plate 16, and a silt pool 5 is arranged below the water discharge groove 15.
Referring to fig. 1, the data and image acquisition system a includes a plurality of physical field sensors, the physical field sensors are connected with the data input end of the data acquisition instrument 2 by a data line passing through a wire outlet 19 formed in the side wall of the model box 3, and the data output end of the data acquisition instrument 2 is connected with the data input end of the computer 1; the data and image acquisition system A further comprises a camera arranged right in front of the model box 3, and the camera transmits the shot image data to the computer 1 for analysis and processing.
The bottom plate slots 18 are arranged at equal intervals with the side plate slots 24.
The height of the precast slab 23 is more than or equal to that of the thickness partition plate 22; the precast slabs 23 are arranged with different widths according to the distance between the thickness partition slab 22 and the inner wall of the model box 3; the precast slabs 23 are set to have different thicknesses according to experimental design and are used for making the cracks 4 with different opening degrees.
The multi-physical-field sensor comprises a plurality of pore pressure sensors 21, a soil pressure sensor 7 and a moisture sensor 6 which are sequentially installed from the bottom of the model box 3 to the top in a layered mode; the pore pressure sensor 21 is used for monitoring the change of a seepage field in the experimental process; the soil pressure sensor 7 is used for monitoring the change rule of a stress field in the experimental process; the moisture sensor 6 is used for monitoring the moisture migration rule in the experimental process.
The mold box 3, the thickness partition plate 22 and the precast slab 23 are all made of transparent materials.
A square grid line 20 is drawn on a panel right in front of the model box 3, so that the curve of the creep evolution process of the fractured loess along with time can be drawn.
The grid lines 20 have sides of 0.1-10cm, preferably 3cm by 3 cm.
The working principle of the utility model is as follows:
when the device is used, the model devices are installed in the sequence from bottom to top and from left to right. Under the condition that soil is not piled in the model box 3, mainly checking whether the water supply pipe 8 leaks water or not, whether the electromagnetic flowmeter 10 and the water pump 13 work normally or not, then filling water into the water tank 12 for later use, and closing the valve 11 after the preparation work is finished; designing the thickness and the crack opening of the model according to the experiment in the model box 3, installing the partition plates 22 with the changed thickness and the precast slabs 23 with the changed crack opening at the designed positions, and then piling soil; in the process of filling, according to experimental design, a plurality of pore pressure sensors 21, soil pressure sensors 7 and moisture sensors 6 are sequentially arranged from the bottom of a model box 3 to the top in a layered mode, data acquisition equipment of the sensors is connected, and the sensors are debugged for standby; placing the silt pool 5 at a proper position, after all the silt pool is ready, turning on the camera 9, adjusting to an optimal shooting angle for recording the subcorrosion process of fractured loess, then turning on the switch 11, adjusting the water flow to the flow required by the experiment, then introducing the water flow into the prefabricated fracture 4, and continuously widening the prefabricated fracture 4 under the action of water flow scouring subcorrosion and gravity to finally form a loess cave; and the grid 25 is drawn on the panel right in front of the model box 3, so that the curve of the creep evolution process of the fractured loess along with time can be drawn.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a multidimension degree-many physical field fractured loess latent corrosion mechanism physical model experimental apparatus, includes data and image acquisition system (A), test system (B) and water supply system (C), its characterized in that: and the water supply system (C) injects water into the test system (B), the test system (B) changes the thickness and the crack opening of the soil body model according to the experimental design, and the data and image acquisition system (A) acquires, observes and records the data of the test process.
2. The physical model experimental device for the multi-dimension and multi-physical field fractured loess subsurface corrosion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water supply system (C) comprises a water supply barrel (12), a water pump (13) is arranged at the bottom of the water supply barrel (12), a water outlet of the water pump (13) is connected with a water inlet end of a water supply pipe (8), and the water supply pipe (8) is sequentially communicated with a valve (11) and a flowmeter (10) and is communicated with a water inlet hole in the middle of the top of the test system (B).
3. The physical model experimental device for the multi-dimension and multi-physical field fractured loess subsurface corrosion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the testing system (B) comprises a model box (3), a plurality of bottom plate clamping grooves (18) are formed in the inner wall of a bottom plate (16) of the model box (3), a plurality of side plate clamping grooves (24) matched with the bottom plate clamping grooves (18) are formed in the inner walls of the two sides of the model box (3), a thickness partition plate (22) is movably connected between the bottom plate clamping grooves (18) and the side plate clamping grooves (24), a water outlet hole (17) is formed in the middle of a bottom plate (16) of the model box (3), the water outlet hole (17) is communicated with a water drainage groove (15) formed below the bottom plate (16), and a silt pool (5) is arranged below the water drainage groove (15).
4. The physical model experimental device for the multi-dimension and multi-physical field fractured loess subsurface corrosion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the data and image acquisition system (A) comprises a plurality of physical field sensors, the physical field sensors penetrate through wire outlet holes (19) formed in the side wall of the model box (3) through data lines to be connected with the data input end of the data acquisition instrument (2), and the data output end of the data acquisition instrument (2) is connected with the data input end of the computer (1); the data and image acquisition system (A) further comprises a camera (9) arranged right in front of the model box (3), and the camera (9) transmits shot image data to the computer (1) for analysis and processing.
5. The physical model experimental device for the multi-dimension and multi-physical field fractured loess subsurface corrosion mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: the bottom plate clamping grooves (18) and the side plate clamping grooves (24) are arranged at equal intervals.
6. The physical model experimental device for the multi-dimension and multi-physical field fractured loess subsurface corrosion mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: the height of the precast slab (23) is more than or equal to that of the thickness partition plate (22); the precast slabs (23) are arranged in different widths according to the distance between the thickness partition plates (22) and the inner wall of the model box (3); the precast slab (23) is set to have different thicknesses according to experimental design and is used for manufacturing the cracks (4) with different opening degrees.
7. The physical model experimental device for the multi-dimension and multi-physical field fractured loess subsurface corrosion mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: the multi-physical-field sensor comprises a plurality of pore pressure sensors (21), a soil pressure sensor (7) and a moisture sensor (6) which are sequentially installed from the bottom of the model box (3) to the top in a layered mode.
8. The physical model experimental device for the multi-dimension and multi-physical field fractured loess subsurface corrosion mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: the model box (3), the thickness partition plate (22) and the precast slab (23) are all made of transparent materials.
9. The physical model experimental device for the multi-dimension and multi-physical field fractured loess subsurface corrosion mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: and square grid lines (20) are drawn on a panel right in front of the model box (3).
10. The physical model experimental device for the multi-dimension and multi-physical field fractured loess subsurface corrosion mechanism according to claim 9, wherein: the side length of the grid line (20) is 0.1-10 cm.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN116577483A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-08-11 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Swelling soil three-dimensional fracture space-time evolution model test system |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN116577483A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-08-11 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Swelling soil three-dimensional fracture space-time evolution model test system |
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