CN104831674B - Contact scour testing apparatus for earth-rock joint part - Google Patents
Contact scour testing apparatus for earth-rock joint part Download PDFInfo
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- CN104831674B CN104831674B CN201510108608.0A CN201510108608A CN104831674B CN 104831674 B CN104831674 B CN 104831674B CN 201510108608 A CN201510108608 A CN 201510108608A CN 104831674 B CN104831674 B CN 104831674B
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- top cover
- base
- casing
- upper limb
- contact
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/02—Hydraulic models
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a hydraulic testing apparatus, especially relates to a contact scour testing apparatus for an earth-rock joint part, and belongs to the field of water conservancy. The contact scour testing apparatus of the invention comprises a box body, a base, an upper flange, and a top cover. A movable top cover is arranged in the middle of the top cover. The box body is made of a transparent organic glass square pipe with a rectangular cross section. A rectangular groove is arranged in the portion, disposed inside the box body, of the base, and a permeable steel plate is arranged on the upper part of the groove. The testing apparatus of the invention can be used to carry out contact scour test under different conditions, is convenient to operate and simple, significantly improves the working efficiency, needs less investment, and is simple and feasible. The box body adopts transparent organic glass, which facilitates observation of various phenomena in the process of testing.
Description
Technical field：
The present invention relates to a kind of hydraulic testing equipment, particularly to a kind of examination of the native stone joint portion contact scour rule of simulation
Test equipment, its IPC international Patent classificating number G01M 10/00, E02B 1/00, belong to Water Resources Domain.
Background technology：
Through-dyke building and the weak link that dyke soil stone joint portion is dyke, have saying of " culverts and water gates one dangerous section ", special
Be not due to reason often can the cause native stone joint portion generation crack such as backfill leakiness, differential settlement, ground be bad or its
His defect and there is seepage failure, relatively hazardous seepage failure type is that building is broken with the contact scour on earth embankment contact surface
Bad, for example banket and building contact surface along base soil or lateral, top, under high water level, long-time action of soaking, contacted before this
Position particle is carried over from seepage exit, and then forms seepage channel, causes dike breaching.Therefore, carry out dyke culverts and water gates soil stone
Contact scour seepage failure relevant issues research in joint portion has important practical significance and practical engineering application is worth.
But conventional permeability test only can measure the infiltration coefficient of soil at present, and for this seepage failure class of contact scour
The test of type, currently without related experimental rig device, such as using conventional permeability apparatus, it will produce following problem：
(1) as the simulation xoncrete structure such as sluice plate or side wall and soil matrix contact scour when, need to concrete slab processed, and
The each component of sluice mostly is rectangular structure, but conventional infiltration instrument is circle, Mold Making more inconvenience and cannot model engineering
Actual；
(2), in contact scour test, the seepage characteristic of contact surface is except the seepage characteristic with the two media contacting with each other
Have outside the Pass, be also in contact with it the contact condition in face, outside hydraulics etc. relevant.Therefore study contact surface seepage characteristic, main
Solve contact surface percolating medium and the simulation of hydraulics and two key issues of simulation of contact surface physical mechanics state.And
Contact scour field test between Yellow River dyke culverts and water gates soil stone joint portion is implemented more difficult, conventional infiltration instrument size is relatively
Little, dimensional effect more substantially simulates real stress it is impossible to press close to；
(3) conventional infiltration instrument only can carry out seepage failure test it is impossible to the contact scour carrying out between different medium tries
Test.
Content of the invention：
It is an object of the invention to overcoming existing testing equipment to carry out the larger two media of elastic modelling quantity difference special
It is the deficiency existing when the soil body is tested with rigid building contact scour, provide a kind of principle simple, easily operated, can be true
The experimental rig of the native stone joint portion contact scour seepage failure of reflection, provides means of testing for engineering actual demand.The present invention's
Technical scheme：
A kind of soil stone joint portion contact scour experimental rig, including casing, base, upper limb and top cover, described top cover, upper limb
It is rectangular steel plates with base, the middle part of described top cover is provided with movable top cover, and described movable top cover is formed around multiple spiral shells
Bolt, movable top cover is fixed on described top cover；The surrounding of described upper limb and base is equipped with indent, is provided with described indent
The silica gel sealing bar of thick 12mm；Described casing is made up of the transparent organic glass square tube of rectangle of cross section, and wall thickness is 8mm, institute
State casing to be placed in described upper limb and the described indent of base, be provided with delivery port in a side of described casing；Described top
Lid covers on described upper limb, is provided with therebetween sealing ring；The bottom of described base is provided with water inlet；Described base is located at institute
State the part in casing and be provided with rectangular recess, the top of described groove is provided with permeable steel plate, the permeable aperture of described permeable steel plate
ForThe upper surface of described permeable steel plate and the upper surface of described base are in approximately the same plane；Current pass through described enter
The mouth of a river enters in described groove, then by the even transition of the permeable hole on described permeable steel plate, enters in casing；Multiple tops
Bar passes through described top cover, upper limb and base, using fastening bolt, described top cover, upper limb, casing and base is fixed together.
The native stone joint portion contact scour experimental rig of the present invention, can carry out the contact scour test under different condition, behaviour
It is convenient and simple to make, and operating efficiency significantly improves, small investment, simple.Casing is using transparent with machine glass, convenient
The observation of various phenomenons in process of the test.
Brief description：
Fig. 1, the contact scour experimental rig top view of the present invention；
Fig. 2, the contact scour experimental rig longitudinal section of the present invention.
In figure, 1 is top cover, and 2 is movable top cover, and 3 is sealing ring, and 4 is fastening bolt, and 5 is delivery port, and 6 is indent, 7
For upper limb, 8 is casing, and 9 is push rod, and 10 is base, and 11 is permeable steel plate, and 12 is water inlet.
Specific embodiment：
With reference to Fig. 1-2, the present invention is elaborated.
A kind of soil stone joint portion contact scour experimental rig of the present invention, including casing 8, base 10, upper limb 7 and top cover 1,
Described top cover 1, upper limb 7 and base 10 are the rectangular steel plates of thickness 200mm, and the middle part of described top cover 1 is provided with movable top cover
2, described movable top cover 2 is made up of the thick lucite of 8mm, is consolidated by being arranged on multiple bolts of movable top cover 2 surrounding
It is scheduled on described top cover 1；The surrounding of described upper limb 7 and base 10 is equipped with indent 6, is provided with the silicon of thick 12mm in described indent 6
Glue sealing strip.Described casing 8 is made up of the transparent organic glass square tube of rectangle of cross section, and wall thickness is 8mm, and described casing 8 is put
Put in the described indent 6 of described upper limb 7 and base 10, be provided with delivery port 5 in a side of described casing 8；Described top cover 1
Cover on described upper limb 7, be provided with therebetween sealing ring 3；The bottom of described base 10 is provided with water inlet 12, and described water tank leads to
Cross rubber hose to connect with described water inlet 12；The part that described base 10 is located in described casing 8 is provided with rectangular recess, described
The top of groove is provided with permeable steel plate 11, and the permeable aperture of described permeable steel plate 11 isDescribed permeable steel plate 11 upper
The upper surface of surface and described base 10 is in approximately the same plane；Current enter in described groove, so by described water inlet 12
Afterwards by the even transition of the permeable hole on described permeable steel plate 11, enter in casing 8；Multiple push rods 9 pass through described top cover 1,
Upper limb 7 and base 10, are fixed together using top cover 1, upper limb 7, casing 8 and base 10 described in fastening bolt 4.
When carrying out contact scour test using the experimental rig of the present invention, step is as follows：
(1) soil sample is prepared：After test is done with folk song, smashed with wooden mallet, sieving for standby, then with optimum moisture content and
Maximum dry density is Con trolling index, and soil sample is laid in pallet, the amount of water being expected with atomizers spray, is layered uniform mixing
After be placed into one night of wetting in closed container, so that uniform moisture is distributed in earth material.
(2) sample preparation：
(1) normal contact sample preparation：
The movable top cover 2 of described contact scour experimental rig is opened, contact scour experimental rig is vertically placed into
Luggage sample；Before dress sample, one layer of bentonite of inwall uniform application in other three faces outside casing 8 inspection surface prevents side wall concentration from oozing
Leakage；Each sample divides four layers of charging, compacting of vibrating after surfacing, every layer all according to needed for sample maximum dry density to hit actual arrival pre-
Fixed height, during every layer of filler, makes even particle distribution and will carry out between layers cuing open hair process, cuing open mao depth is 1～2cm；
Hit in real time, hammer will be evenly distributed direct attack to requiring thickness, and the periphery of sample and casing 8 contact internal walls must hit reality.
(2) sample preparation during contact surface existing defects：
There is the sample preparation in leakiness area in (a) contact surface：
The preparation of contact surface leakiness area sample (is controlled by the compactness changing soil sample by compact zone and leakiness area
System) the prefabricated of every layer of soil sample highly to control.Before soil body sample modelling
First every layer of native quality and compacting height are calculated respectively according to the compactness in compact zone and leakiness area, by control
The difference of the compacting height of every layer of system, produces compact zone and leakiness area；Every layer is all compacted to required height to ensure
Compactness；During every layer of filler, make even particle distribution and will carry out between layers cuing open hair process, cuing open mao depth is 1～2cm；
Hit in real time, hammer will be evenly distributed direct attack to requiring thickness, and the periphery of sample and casing 8 contact internal walls must hit reality.
There is the sample preparation in crack in (b) contact surface：
The setting of contact surface Fracture Width is controlled by having certain thickness thin plate, before sample preparation, needs according to test, will
The inwall that casing 8 is close to by certain thickness thin plate is placed, one layer of bentonite retaining wall of inwall uniform application in its excess-three face, so
Carry out the preparation of soil sample afterwards again, preparation process, with normal contact sample preparation, is extracted thin plate after the preparation of soil sample is good and can be tested.
(3) test operation
(1) debugging of testing equipment：Lucite inherently one rigid media, can be directly as a rigid contact
Face, and simulate the contact scour test situation between the soil body and different roughness rigid buildings by changing its roughness.Can root
According to the species of the rigid building contacting with the soil body, the roughness of casing 8 inwall is set.
When carrying out native stone contact scour test, except the native stone joint portion contact scour experimental rig using the present invention, also
Need to adopt water supply installation, described water supply installation include revolution hang, electric block and water tank, described electric block is fixed on described
Revolution hangs on, and described water tank is fixed on the suspension hook of described electric block.
Start electric block, according to the head of experimental simulation, by water tank hoisting to corresponding height, the height of water tank bottom surface
Maximum can reach 10m, is equivalent to the head pressure of 0.1MPa, and described contact scour experimental rig is supplied water, and connects described in inspection
The whether leak of the sealing position of tactile washout test device.
(2) need to choose the modes of emplacement of contact scour experimental rig according to test：Simulation culverts and water gates base plate is connect with soil matrix
Touch when washing away, contact surface is laterally disposed；During the contact scour of simulation side wall and the soil body, contact surface is vertically placed；
(3) need to arrange the state of movable top cover 2 according to test：When there is laterally limiting contact scour in simulation downstream,
Open delivery port 5, the bolt of movable top cover 2 surrounding is tightened, movable top cover 2 is tightly fixed to one with described top cover 1
Rise；During the simulation no laterally limiting contact scour in downstream, close delivery port 5, movable top cover 2 is removed, or by surrounding
Bolt is unscrewed, and makes to maintain a certain distance between movable top cover 2 and described top cover 1；
(4) start to test：According to test requirements document, adjust test head, then open each valve and start to test；Head applies
Afterwards, observe sample especially with casing 8 contact internal walls face leakiness area sample with the variation phenomenon of head application time, and record
Leakiness area rushing in the process that wetting, infiltration, destruction, leakage passage are formed and every 2min after time, sample erosion damage
Brush amount, and contrast the change of experimental phenomena under every kind of experimental condition；The soil body is overflowed to initial trial and washes away the soil body and be sampled
Dry, weigh, point, under the conditions of contrasting different tests, various soil mass wash away the change of before and after's grain composition.
Application example：
As a example by downstream, no lateral spacing, contact surface have the contact scour test in leakiness area, concrete Con trolling index is：Not close
Real area compactness 0.85, compact zone compactness 0.95, test head are 0.7m, transverse test.Concrete test situation is as follows：Sample
Initial phenomenon shows as from the beginning of the bottom in sample and instrument contacts face, contact surface soil sample wetting before this, infiltration (stabilization sub stage),
And then soil sample is soft, bulging for contact band, and then contact surface bottom fritter soil sample comes off (failure stage), and internal soil sample exists then
Upstream head effect is lower successional loss, eventually forms piping passage (washing away the stage).
Using the experimental rig of the present invention, open delivery port 5, the bolt of movable top cover 2 surrounding is tightened, will be movable
Top cover 2 is tightly secured together with described top cover 1, can carry out the seepage failure test of undisturbed soil or manipulated soil, the different soil of measurement
The infiltration coefficient of body, or carry out seepage failure test.It is with the difference of contact scour test：During sample preparation, by instrument
One layer of bentonite of device surrounding uniform application prevents side wall concentrative seepage, and concrete preparation is with normal contact sample preparation.
Technical scheme, the contact scour that can carry out under different condition is tested it is also possible to carry out seepage failure examination
Test, measure the infiltration coefficient of the soil body.About 2000 yuan of single contact scour experimental rig manufacturing cost, in addition reusable, fall
The cost of low test.Casing 8, using transparent with machine glass, facilitates the observation of various phenomenons in process of the test.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of soil stone joint portion contact scour experimental rig, including casing (8), base (10), upper limb (7) and top cover (1), institute
State top cover (1), upper limb (7) and base (10) and be rectangular steel plates, the middle part of described top cover (1) is provided with movable top cover (2), institute
State movable top cover (2) and be formed around multiple bolts, movable top cover (2) is fixed on described top cover (1)；Described upper limb
(7) and the surrounding of base (10) is equipped with indent (6), it is provided with the silica gel sealing bar of thick 12mm in described indent (6)；Described casing
(8) it is made up of the transparent organic glass square tube of rectangle of cross section, wall thickness is 8mm, described casing (8) is placed on described upper limb
(7), and in the described indent (6) of base (10), it is provided with delivery port (5) in a side of described casing (8)；Described top cover (1)
Cover on described upper limb (7), be provided with therebetween sealing ring (3)；The bottom of described base (10) is provided with water inlet (12)；Institute
State base (10) and be provided with rectangular recess positioned at the part in described casing (8), the top of described groove is provided with permeable steel plate (11),
The permeable aperture of described permeable steel plate (11) isThe upper surface of described permeable steel plate (11) and described base (10)
Upper surface is in approximately the same plane；Current enter in described groove by described water inlet (12), then pass through described permeable steel
The even transition of the permeable hole on plate (11), enters in casing (8)；Multiple push rods (9) pass through described top cover (1), upper limb (7) and
Described top cover (1), upper limb (7), casing (8) and base (10) are fixed together by base (10) using fastening bolt (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510108608.0A CN104831674B (en) | 2015-03-12 | 2015-03-12 | Contact scour testing apparatus for earth-rock joint part |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510108608.0A CN104831674B (en) | 2015-03-12 | 2015-03-12 | Contact scour testing apparatus for earth-rock joint part |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104831674A CN104831674A (en) | 2015-08-12 |
| CN104831674B true CN104831674B (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109781563B (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2023-06-02 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Method for simulating viscous soil starting scouring by using hydraulic model |
| CN109781566B (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2023-06-02 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Cohesive soil starting scouring hydraulic model |
| CN112666060A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Penetration tester for researching soil body penetration destruction characteristics |
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| CN101788451B (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-06-01 | 浙江树人大学 | Silt anti-permeability strength measuring equipment and method |
| CN202748295U (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2013-02-20 | 河海大学 | Intelligent test system for permeability characteristics of earth material |
| JP2014206007A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2014-10-30 | 清水建設株式会社 | Method for quantitatively evaluating clogging effect of grout material |
| CN203768857U (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-08-13 | 河海大学 | Model device for utilizing temperature field to acquire dam foundation permeating flow velocity |
| CN203808987U (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-09-03 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Two-dimensional visual sand filling model for simulating in-layer heterogeneity and two-dimensional visual seepage test device |
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Granted publication date: 20170222 Termination date: 20210312 |